Digital Commons Network^™

Trump’S Multi-Pronged Attack On Renewable Energy, Michael B. Gerrard

Faculty Scholarship

Federal policy on renewable energy took a 180-degree turn on the day of Donald Trump’s second inauguration. The Biden administration had rightly seen a massive expansion of clean energy, especially wind and solar and the associated storage and transmission, as key to moving away from fossil fuels and fighting climate change. But Mr. Trump denies that climate change is a serious problem and works to increase both the supply of and the demand for fossil fuels.

This article discusses the range of actions involved in the Trump administration’s attack on renewable energy.

The Constitutional Fight Over The Nlra And The Nlrb: A 90 Year Reprise, Kate Andrias

Faculty Scholarship

This article traces renewed constitutional challenges to the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) and the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), placing them in historical and doctrinal context. Contemporary attacks — advanced by major corporations and the Trump Administration — revive the constitutional conflicts of the 1930s. Drawing on arguments rooted in the unitary executive theory, as well as Article III and the Seventh Amendment, the current challenges threaten not only the NLRB’s independence but the broader administrative state and the system of labor rights it sustains. At stake is more than institutional design: the dispute reflects a deeper contest over …

Removal: A Response To Professor Nelson, Philip A. Hamburger

Faculty Scholarship

In an essay published earlier this fall, Professor Caleb Nelson argues that, as a matter of originalism, the President does not have a constitutional power to remove executive officers. Professor Nelson is a renowned scholar, whose arguments could well influence the Supreme Court in two upcoming removal cases: Trump v. Slaughter and Trump v. Cook. It’s therefore important to evaluate whether his historical claim about removal is correct.

Can Interpersonal Trust Predict And Account For Symptom Change During Group Cognitive Processing Therapy For Ptsd? An Investigation Of The Iterated Trust Game, M Wright Williams, Christopher Hunt, David P Graham, Matt Estey, Lia Smith, Katherine Mccurry, Brooks King-Casas, Pearl Chiu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: Group cognitive processing therapy (GCPT) is frequently utilized to treat PTSD within the VA healthcare system, but its mechanisms are not well understood. Interpersonal trust could be an important change process in GCPT given its relevance to group-based therapy and its role in CPT, but self-report measures are inadequate for capturing the dynamic interplay that defines interpersonal trust. Here, we examined the degree to which interpersonal could predict and account for PTSD symptom change in GCPT using the iterated trust game (ITG)-a behavioral task used to approximate real-world trust behavior.

Methods: Participants were Veterans with PTSD who participated in …

Clonal Hematopoiesis And Subsequent Venous Thromboembolism Among Survivors Of Autologous Transplantation For Lymphoma, Radhika Gangaraju, Yanjun Chen, Lindsey Hageman, Alysia Bosworth, Elizabeth Ross, Liton Francisco, Purnima Singh, Melissa A Richard, Chengcheng Yan, Rashi Kalra, Changde Cheng, Saro H Armenian, Stephen J Forman, Ravi Bhatia, Smita Bhatia

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Clonal hematopoiesis is associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The risk of VTE is high in patients with lymphoma and after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, and clonal hematopoiesis is present in many patients with lymphoma at autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. We examined whether clonal hematopoiesis increases posttransplant VTE risk in patients with lymphoma. Our study included 557 patients with lymphoma who had survived 2 or more years after receiving autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation between 1999 and 2014. Clonal hematopoiesis was measured by targeted sequencing of cryopreserved peripheral blood stem cell product. Median …

Frailty And Nutritional Status Predict Postoperative Complications In Radical Cystectomy Patients, David E Hinojosa-Gonzalez, Gal Saffati, Gustavo Salgado-Garza, Cecilio Armengol-García, Bailey Slawin, Sienna Blackwell, Jennifer M Taylor, Jeremy R Slawin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Radical cystectomy (RC) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. While frailty and nutritional status have emerged as important predictors of surgical outcomes, their impact on RC complications remains incompletely characterized. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between frailty (using the Modified Frailty Index-5 [mFI-5], nutritional status (using the Nutritional Risk Index [NRI]), and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing RC.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Frailty was defined as mFI-5 score ≥2 and malnutrition as NRI ≤97.5. Hypoalbuminemia was defined as preoperative albumin ≤3.5. Outcomes included …

Early Outcomes Of Endovascular Repair Of Aortic Arch Lesions In Zone 0/1 With A Thoracic Branched Endoprosthesis, Matthew P Sweet, Ali Azizzadeh, Gustavo S Oderich, William Brinkman, Jon S Matsumura, Takao Ohki, Sara Zettervall, Shinji Miyamoto, Himanshu J Patel, Michael D Dake

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: The pivotal trial 30-day outcomes of the GORE TAG Thoracic Branch Endoprosthesis in patients with endovascular repair of the aortic arch or descending thoracic aorta using a zone 0 or 1 landing zone were evaluated.

Methods: In this nonrandomized, multicenter, prospective study, the primary, clinically driven outcome was a composite of the following through 1 month: technical success (successful device deployment with maintenance of side-branch patency and the absence of aortic rupture), lesion-related mortality, disabling stroke, permanent paraplegia or paraparesis, new onset renal failure requiring permanent dialysis, and protocol-defined unanticipated reintervention.

Results: The 77 study patients enrolled had aneurysm …

Beyond Seizures As An Outcome Measure: A Global Severity Scoring System For Cdkl5 Deficiency Disorder, Peter Jacoby, Eric D Marsh, Scott Demarest, Jacinta M Saldaris, Helen Leonard, Heather E Olson, Joni N Saby, Elia Pestana-Knight, Rajsekar Rajaraman, Dana Price, Judith Weisenberg, Bernhard Suter, Jenny Downs, Tim A Benke

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a rare developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) associated with multiple impairments and comorbidities. Outcome measures for disease-modifying clinical trials for DEEs should measurably capture a spectrum of caregiver priorities and be externally validated.

Methods: The International CDKL5 Clinical Research Network was the data source for this observational study. A Structural Equation Model was constructed with latent, exogenous variables related to observed clinical features to calculate a global severity score from the following assessments: the CDKL5 Clinical Severity Assessment-Clinician and -Caregiver, Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile Infant Toddler Checklist and the Sleep Disturbance …

Predicting Craving-Related Emotions Among Opioid Use Disorder Patients: Preliminary Results, Zachary King, Zoe Setiadi, Liana Hamdan, Hajar Ahmed, Bishal Lamichhane, Ashutosh Sabharwal, Ramiro Salas, Nidal Moukaddam, Akane Sano

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) often struggle to maintain sobriety, with many experiencing relapse within the first year. While medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is among the most effective approaches, access to intensive care is often limited by financial barriers. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies offer a promising, cost-effective alternative by enabling continuous monitoring and timely intervention through tools such as ecological momentary assessments (EMAs), wearable sensors, and smartphone data. In this study, we explore the feasibility of using mHealth data to predict emotions that align with cravings in OUD patients undergoing MAT. Using data collected from EMAs, wearables, smartphone tracking, and …

Management Of Patients With Heart Failure At High Risk Of Hyperkalaemia: The Care-Hk In Hf Registry, Stephen J Greene, Andrew J Sauer, Michael Böhm, Biykem Bozkurt, Javed Butler, John G F Cleland, Andrew J S Coats, Nihar R Desai, Diederick E Grobbee, Ellie Kelepouris, Fausto Pinto, Giuseppe Rosano, Victoria Donachie, Solenn Fabien, Sandra Waechter, Maria G Crespo-Leiro, Martin Hülsmann, Tibor Kempf, Otmar Pfister, Anne-Catherine Pouleur, Manish Saxena, Martin Schulz, Maurizio Volterrani, Stefan D Anker, Mikhail N Kosiborod

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aims: Patients with heart failure (HF) at high risk for hyperkalaemia are underrepresented in prospective HF registries. The CARE-HK in HF registry sought to characterize prospectively the clinical profile, management, and outcomes for patients with HF at high risk of hyperkalaemia.

Methods and results: CARE-HK in HF was a multinational prospective registry of outpatients with HF (regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]) treated with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker/angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ACEI/ARB/ARNI) and either receiving or potential candidate for a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA). All patients were at increased risk of hyperkalaemia, defined as hyperkalaemia at baseline, …

Association Of Preoperative Nocturnal Hypoxaemia Nadir And Fentanyl Ventilatory Sensitivity In Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Undergoing General Anaesthesia: A Multicentre Clinical Cohort Study, Adam C Adler, Elaina E Lin, Anna H Messner, Tara L Rosenberg, Shelly Pecorella, Aidan Keleghan, Spencer Faircloth, T Wesley Templeton, Lynnette Harris, Sabina A Khan, Greesha S Pednekar, Duc T Nguyen, Arvind Chandrakantan, Britta S Von Ungern-Sternberg

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been thought to increase the risk of respiratory depression from opioids. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether preoperative hypoxaemia by sleep study pulse oximetry imparts greater opioid sensitivity.

Methods: A multicentre observational cohort study with in-cohort dose randomisation was performed in children 2-8 yr of age with OSA undergoing adenotonsillectomy. Ninety patients were assigned to one of two Spo2 cohorts by preoperative sleep study Spo2 nadir of < or ≥85% to receive fentanyl 1.0 or 1.5 μg kg-1 (maximum 25 μg) after sevoflurane induction. The primary outcome was the extent of opioid-induced central ventilatory depression over time by Spo2 status as defined by the differences in tidal volume, respiratory rate, end-tidal CO2, and minute ventilation for 10 min after fentanyl administration when compared with pre-fentanyl baseline values. Secondary outcomes included assessment of body mass index, fentanyl dose, sex, age, and race on opioid-induced central ventilatory depression. Intention-to-treat and per protocol analysis were performed.

Results: Ninety patients underwent in-cohort randomisation (Spo2 < 85%; n=47 and Spo2 ≥85%; n=43). Final per protocol analysis included 73 subjects, fentanyl 1.0 μg kg-1 (Spo2 < 85%; n=36 and Spo2 ≥85%; n=37) and 15 subjects, fentanyl 1.5 μg kg-1 (Spo2 < 85%; n=9 and Spo2 ≥85%; n=6). Multivariable mixed effect model for the primary outcomes (tidal volume, respiratory rate, end-tidal CO2, and minute ventilation) from baseline to 10 min (as % change per minute) were not different between groups by Spo2 nadir (< or ≥85%) and fentanyl dose for the intention-to-treat and per protocol analyses.

Conclusions: Single-dose fentanyl ventilatory effects in paediatric OSA patients during sevoflurane anaesthesia were not associated with …

Developing Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Protein Structures By 3d Food Printing Of Sorghum And Soy Protein Gels, Sorour Barekat, Ali Ubeyitogullari

Food Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The goal of this study was to introduce the simultaneous use of hydrophobic-hydrophilic proteins bioinks for 3D food printing. Sorghum protein gel (SPG) at 25 % w/w and soy protein isolate gel (SPIG) at 11 % w/w were loaded into separate extruders. The effects of the first printed layer (SPG or SPIG), printing speed (10, 20 mm/s), and nozzle size (0.52, 0.64, 0.72 mm) on printability were evaluated. The textural properties, rheological characteristics, microstructure, crystallinities, and functional groups of the proteins were analyzed. Printing sorghum and soy proteins together helped balance essential amino acids, where lysine (94.7 %) and histidine …

Refugee Stigma And Its Toll On Mental Health: Development And Validation Of The Refugee Stigma Scale (Rss), Hamed Abdollahpour Ranjbar, Khaled Elazab, Ibrahim Yigit, Fatema Almeamari, Ceren Acartürk, Gülşah Kurt, Janet Turan, Andrea Norcini Pala, Bulent Turan

Student Publications [Scholarly]

Background Unprecedented, forced displacement, especially from conflict and war areas, requires addressing resultant mental health issues. Aim Refugees experience mental and physical health problems due to post-displacement stressors, and the pervasive stigma associated with refugee status can exacerbate these difficulties, highlighting the need for a comprehensive assessment tool to understand various facets of refugee stigma. Method We developed the refugee stigma scale (RSS), consisting of 43 items informed by the literature, qualitative and quantitative data. The scale includes four theoretical dimensions of stigma: perceived community stigma, experienced stigma, anticipated stigma and internalised stigma. To examine convergent validity, validated self-report measures …

Physician Perceptions Of The Evaluation And Management Of Incarcerated Patients In The Emergency Department, Michelle Suh, Anita N Chary, Melanie F Molina, Caitlin M Farrell, Mark B Mycyk, Vidya Eswaran

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Incarcerated patients in the United States are frequently seen in the emergency department. Although other specialties have reported differential care for patients who are incarcerated, little is known about the emergency physicians' evaluation and management of patients who are incarcerated.

Objective: The aim of our study was to characterize emergency physician (EP) perceptions of the emergency department (ED) care of incarcerated patients.

Methods: We surveyed emergency medicine resident and attending physicians at three academic safety-net EDs that regularly treat incarcerated patients from May to June 2023. We conducted thematic analysis of responses about perceptions of ED evaluation and management …

Preface, Catherine Claire A. Smith

University of Richmond Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Historical Cohort Comparison After Inpatient Admission For Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa: Feasibility Of Virtual Group Therapy, Elizabeth V Franklin, Margaret Mathias, Rachel Wolfe, Duc T Nguyen, Drusilla M Rosales, Sofia Pedroza, Albert C Hergenroeder, Constance M Wiemann

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Objective: Access to follow-up care after a medical admission for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) is important; yet access can be delayed or unavailable. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a supplemental virtual 8-week outpatient group therapy program following inpatient care. A secondary aim explored the outpatient program's impact on self-reported anxiety, disordered eating, and depression symptoms, and readmission rates.

Method: A retrospective chart review study compared 68 adolescents (aged 11-18) with AN enrolled in an 8-week group therapy program (Recovery and Prevention Program [RAPP]) to 64 adolescents who were not enrolled in RAPP (historical cohort). "RAPP completers" …

Sensory-Selective Peripheral And Neuraxial Nerve Blockade With 2',6'-Pipecoloxylidide, Claire A Ostertag-Hill, Shuanglong Chen, Tianrui Xue, Rachelle Shao, Matthew Torre, Bin Feng, Zahra Vahedi, Longtu Chen, Steven J Staffa, Yueqin Zheng, Daniel S Kohane

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: Safe sensory-selective local anesthetics would be a major advance in the management of acute and chronic pain. This articles describes the sensory-selective local anesthetic properties and the toxicity profile of a known metabolite of amino-amide local anesthetics, 2',6'-pipecoloxylidide (PPX).

Methods: PPX was synthesized and made into its hydrochloride salt. PPX or ropivacaine (ROP) were injected at the sciatic nerve or intrathecally in rats, who then underwent modified hotplate (sensory) testing and weight-bearing (motor) testing. Rats injected with PPX or ROP were assessed for clinical toxicity endpoints. Conduction blockade was studied with single-unit recordings in mice. Biocompatibility was assessed histologically. …

Genome Sequencing Reveals The Impact Of Pseudoexons In Rare Genetic Disease, Georgia Pitsava, Megan Hawley, Light Auriga, Ivan De Dios, Arthur Ko, Sofia Marmolejos, Miguel Almalvez, Ingrid Chen, Kaylee Scozzaro, Jianhua Zhao, Rebekah Barrick, Nicholas Ah Mew, Vincent A Fusaro, Jonathan Lotempio, Matthew Taylor, Luisa Mestroni, Sharon Graw, Dianna Milewicz, Dongchuan Guo, David R Murdock, Kinga M Bujakowska, Changrui Xiao, Emmanuèle C Délot, Seth I Berger, Eric Vilain

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Advancements in sequencing technologies have significantly improved clinical genetic testing; yet, the diagnostic yield remains around 30% to 40%. Emerging technologies are now being deployed to address the remaining diagnostic gap.

Methods: We tested whether short-read genome sequencing could increase the diagnostic yield in individuals enrolled into the UCI-GREGoR research study, who had suspected Mendelian conditions and prior inconclusive testing. Two other collaborative research cohorts, focused on aortopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy, consisted of individuals who were undiagnosed but had not undergone harmonized prior testing.

Results: We sequenced 353 families (754 participants) and found a molecular diagnosis in 54 (15.3%) …

Risk Score Roulette: A Cautionary Tale Of Polygenic Risk Score Reliability, Diane Xue, Elizabeth E Blue, Alexis C Wood, Jerome I Rotter, Alison E Fohner

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Genetic risk prediction for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has high potential impact, yet few studies have assessed the reliability of various polygenic risk score (PRS) methods at the individual level. Here, we evaluated the reliability of AD PRS estimates among 6338 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. We compared four PRS models that have been previously associated with dementia risk. Despite similar population-level performance metrics, inter-model reliability of individual-level risk assessment was low, even among individuals classified in the top and bottom deciles. These findings raise serious concerns about the downstream application of PRS for guiding interventions for AD.

Is Donation Funding A Dilemma For Microfinance Institutions?, Hamid Uddin, Masnun Al Mahi, Shabiha Akter, Sabur Mollah, Jia Liu

Management Faculty Publications

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) play critical roles in providing financial access to low-income communities worldwide. Yet, reliance on donation funding in the operations poses fundamental challenges to their long-term sustainability. These scholars argue that this dependence creates an unclear agency relationship between donors (principal) – providing cost-free funds – and the MFI managers (agent), heightening moral hazard concerns. Also, due to the nature of the business model, MFIs’ operating leverage increases as they increasingly expand lending operations with more cost-free donation funds. Based on a global dataset of 2653 MFIs across 119 countries over 20 years, they find that greater reliance …

A Systematic Review And Integrative Framework Of Psychotherapy Microprocess: Linking The Science Of Psychological Interventions With The Art Of Moment-To-Moment Practice, Xiaochen Luo, Alytia A. Levendosky

Counseling Psychology

Despite advancements in psychotherapy research on effectiveness and critical therapy processes, there remains a significant gap between the science and the art of psychotherapy, specifically on how to understand what to do moment-to-moment with each patient. A burgeoning research literature addresses this question by examining psychotherapy microprocesses, which typically referred to within-session changes of therapy processes, aiming to bridge psychotherapy research with clinical practice. In this pre-registered systematic review, we reviewed 86 empirical quantitative studies examining observational psychotherapy microprocesses over 35 years. We extracted 28 microprocess constructs across six categories (affective/emotional, behavioral, cognitive, relational/interpersonal, linguistic, and movement), four key methodological …

From Prohibition To Preparation: Reframing Academic Integrity In The Age Of Ai, James Hutson

Faculty Scholarship

This study analyzes how U.S. universities reconfigure academic integrity during the 2024–2025 cycle in response to widespread generative AI adoption. The analysis foregrounds three loci: student ignorance and metacognitive blind spots; the expanded remit of Academic Integrity Officers prioritizing education over punishment; and deliberate AI-enabled misconduct that exposes the evidentiary limits of detection technologies. A mixed-methods design integrates a multi-site review at Arizona State University, Montclair State University, and Cornell University with synthesis of surveys, policies, and faculty development guidance. Findings show that detector outputs function as conversational prompts rather than adjudicative proof, necessitating dialogic resolution standards, process evidence, and …

Ames, The Seventh Amendment, And The Honest Belief Trap Tautologizing Title Vii, Amos N. Jones

SMU Law Review Forum

A widely covered Sixth Circuit decision on July 29, 2025, against a tenured African American female law professor at the University of Michigan has dramatically materialized in the face of the unanimous decision of the Supreme Court of the United States only weeks earlier in Ames v. Ohio Department of Youth Services, decided on June 5, 2025. The Court had just eliminated another basis for employment-discrimination case dismissals, centering its original-textualist interpretative mode under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and buttressing plaintiffs’ Seventh Amendment rights to trial by jury. Meanwhile, the Michigan panel in Beny …

Severe Neurological Presentation In Siblings With Coq5-Related Primary Coenzyme Q10 Deficiency: Expanding Clinical And Molecular Spectrum, Parith Wongkittichote, Rachel M Guerra, Daniel J Wegner, Samantha Toy, Jacqueline A Hauer, David J Pagliarini, Jorge L Granadillo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Coenzyme Q

Enhanced The Simultaneous Recovery/Extraction Of Combined Heavy Metals Of Lead And Vanadium From Synthetic Wastewater Using An Emulsion Liquid Membrane (Elm) With Nanoparticles And Ionic Liquid, Qusay Al-Obaidi, Nora Yehia Selem, Oumaima Karai, Kaoutar Benabderazak, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recovery/extracting of a combination of lead (Pb(II)) and vanadium (V(V)) ions from wastewater has been enhanced by an emulsion liquid membrane with the presence of magnesium oxide (MgO) or aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles (20–50 nm size range) in the internal/stripping phase (W1) and ionic liquid ([OMIM] PF6) in the organic/oil phase (O). The study found that the recovery/extraction batch time was shortened, enhancing emulsion extraction efficiency and stability. Furthermore, the study outcomes extend the ELM separation techniques to industrial-scale pollutant recovery/extraction applications, especially heavy metal ions, from industrial effluent. The percentage of Pb(II) recovery/extraction was increased …

Bioaccumulation Pattern Of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfas) In Fish Tissues From Two Freshwater Systems, Margaret D. Taiwo, Husam Kafeenah, David D. Duvernell, Michael O. Eze

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are known for their persistence, ubiquity, bioaccumulation in different matrices of the environment and their detrimental effect on human health. In this study, we used EPA 1633 to examine the prevalence of ten PFAS compounds in two freshwater systems and investigated their bioaccumulation pattern across different tissues of grass carp fish (Ctenopharyngodon idella), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris). Among the PFAS compounds analyzed, PFBS exhibited the highest concentration in the freshwater sample, exceeding the U.S. EPA regulatory limit of 4 ng/L for drinking water. The total PFAS concentrations in the muscle, …

Concerns Regarding The Standard Deviation Of Individual Responses For Assessing Treatment Response Heterogeneity, Aaron R Caldwell, David B Allison, Andrew W Brown, Gary L Gadbury, Thirupathi Reddy Mokalla, R Drew Sayer, Andrew D Vigotsky

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The estimation of treatment response heterogeneity (TRH) is increasingly important as medicine moves toward personalized approaches. While various statistical methods have been proposed to quantify TRH in parallel-group trials, the standard deviation of individual responses (SDIR) has gained prominence within physiological research. This method is intended to quantify individual response variation by comparing standard deviations of change scores between intervention and control groups. We acknowledge that SDIR represents an improvement over many other flawed approaches that often involve responder counting. However, SDIR has critical limitations: 1) it cannot overcome the fundamental problem of causal inference because the correlation between potential …

Characterization Of Educational And Executive Leadership In University-Based General Surgery Programs: Demographics, Training Backgrounds, And Institutional Ties, Nicole M Santucci, Daniel Alligood, Sabrina Madrigal, Ariana Naaseh, Jonathan Davies, Hannah M Phelps, Paul E Wise, Jennifer Yu, Jesse D Vrecenak, Colin A Martin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Despite longstanding homogeneity in surgical leadership at academic institutions, promoting diversity in leadership positions is increasingly recognized as critical to fostering inclusion, mentorship, and improved patient outcomes. This study aims to further characterize and compare educational and executive leaders within academic general surgery (GS) programs.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using publicly accessible online resources to collect program characteristics and leadership demographics for Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited, university-based GS residency programs for the 2024-25 academic year. Leadership roles included Program Directors (PDs), Associate Program Directors (APDs), Clerkship Directors (CDs), Vice Chairs of Education (VCE), and Department …

Association Of Hospital Surgical Volume With Outcomes In Resected Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Steven Tohmasi, Daniel B Eaton Jr, Brendan T Heiden, Nikki E Rossetti, Theodore S Thomas, Martin W Schoen, Su-Hsin Chang, Ana A Baumann, Yan Yan, Mayank R Patel, Whitney S Brandt, Bryan F Meyers, Varun Puri

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Prior research examining the volume-outcome relationship for lung cancer resection has focused primarily on non-Veteran populations treated across diverse healthcare systems. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between hospital surgical volume and postoperative outcomes for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Veteran and non-Veteran populations in the United States.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with stage I NSCLC who underwent surgical resection in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) from 2007-2019 and National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2010-2019. Hospitals were categorized based on their annual volume of lung cancer resections. Multivariable regression models …

Development And Evaluation Of The Phenotypic 2g Test To Detect Drug-Resistant Tb, J. I. Garcia, E. T. Mambuque, Amberlee Hicks, Alyssa Schami, S. Munguambe, N. Gomez, G. Tembe, B. Saavedra, S.-H. Wang, Blanca I. Restrepo

School of Medicine Publications

Background: Early diagnosis of TB with drug susceptibility testing (DST) is critical to achieve successful treatment outcomes. We aimed to develop and test a novel colorimetric, 12-well, thin-layer agar-based test to assess its accuracy for TB diagnosis and DST in a clinical setting in Southern Mozambique.

Methods: Development of the first prototype of the second generation (2G) test in the laboratory setting followed by a cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study with consecutive recruitment of subjects with microbiologically confirmed TB using GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra.

Results: In the laboratory setting, the 2G test showed 100% accuracy in detecting resistance of genotypically characterised drug-resistant …