Digital Commons Network^™

Discovery Of A Small Molecule Tlr3 Agonist Adjuvant, Branden Lee, Danica Dong, Etsuro Nanishi, John Mark Awad, Kimia Abedi, Yoshine Saito, Francesco Borriello, Soumik Barman, Byron Brook, Aisling Kelly, Manisha Menon, Constance Marques-Mourlet, Maansi Gupta, Ida Lister, Chiwoo Oh, Kevin Lyskawa, Morgan Goetz, Kristina Walker, Wing Ki Cheng, Spencer Brightman, Pankaj Sharma, Timothy O'Meara, Katherine Chew, Daniel Vieira, Kevin Ryff, Cali Sweitzer, Sanya Thomas, Simon Van Haren, Matthew Pettengill, Hyuk-Soo Seo, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, Wei Zhang, Ofer Levy, David Dowling

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) agonists are valuable agents across multiple medical applications, from vaccinology to immune-oncology. However, well-defined and potent small molecule agonists for many PRRs still await discovery and development. Screening of chemical libraries of ~200,000 small molecules for maturation of human monocytic cells by quantifying NF-κB activation and cell adherence was completed. From this screen, we selected a thiazole benzamide derivative, PVP-057, for its robust immunomodulatory properties, low toxicity profile, and concentration-dependent activity. In vitro investigation of pathway and receptor activation reveals that PVP-057 is a Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist. As a single-component adjuvant, administered intramuscularly or intradermally …

Use Of The Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric To Self-Identify Gaps In Clinical Judgment Competencies, Bev A. Wilgenbusch, Victoria Jurevic, Britt Cole Archibald, Alexis Zehler, Caitlin Jeanmougin, Katy Gilb

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Background: Providing safe patient care requires strong clinical judgement skills (American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), 2021); however, developing and assessing clinical judgement in undergraduate students has been difficult (Dickison et al., 2019). The Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric (LCJR) has been found to be valid and reliable in assessing clinical judgment development over time (Adamson et al., 2012), but at present has not been adapted as a self-evaluation tool. The LCJR was originally intended to define clinical judgment with consistent terms and monitor student performance over time (Lasater & Nielsen, 2024).

Method: With the permission of Dr. Kathie Lasater, …

Perceptions Of Stress And Coping Strategies Of Generation Z Nursing Students In The Clinical Setting, Elizabeth Hammond-Ritschard

Biennial Convention (CONV)

The clinical learning environment is very stressful for student nurses, especially among undergraduate Generation Z nursing students. Faced with higher expectations, and perfectionism, Generation Z has been labeled the Anxious Generation. There are mounting concerns with nursing students’ ability to cope and handle stressful situations in the clinical setting. Stress negatively impacts student nurses in the clinical environment. Students often experience anxiety, fear, and an inability to effectively appraise and apply effective coping strategies. The inability to cope with stressors in the clinical setting may lead to inadequate problem-solving, resulting in poor student performance and possible harm to the patient. …

L.E.A.Ding Change To Prevent Workplace Violence, Rebekah Powers, Nancy Ornelas, Carol Boswell, Christina Ramdeo

Biennial Convention (CONV)

The purpose of this project was to enhance nurses’ knowledge and evaluate parts of the current workplace violence prevention program. Learning objective: participants will gain strategies to engage nurses in workplace violence prevention.

Healthcare workers are 5 times more likely to experience an injury from workplace violence than other professions. According to the Texas Center for Nursing Workforce Studies (TCNWS) 2022 employer Nurse Staffing Study: Workplace Violence Against Nurses survey workplace violence awareness training was the most common training provided. De-escalation training was cited as an effective workplace violence strategy (TCNWS, 2022).

As part of a comprehensive plan to implement …

Examining The Influence Of Inlow’S Diabetic Foot Screen On Podiatry Referral Rates, Wendy A. Tiburcio Mateo

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Background: Implementing Inlow’s sixty-second-foot screening tool to increase the referral rate to podiatry in diabetic patients.

Methods: Assessing for foot abnormalities on diabetic patients using Inlow's tool

Results: 96% of the diabetic patients were referred to podiatry. Decreased complications in diabetic patients.

Conclusions: Inlow’s tool is reliable and valid. It proved to be effective in identifying foot abnormalities in diabetic patients, increasing the referral rate to podiatry.

Poverty Experience To Address Clinical Outcomes In Community Health, Denise Isibel

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Simulation serves as a valuable augmentation to direct clinical care or practice within healthcare settings. In Community health, students spend time in a variety of agencies experiencing a variety of vulnerable populations. One issue that crosses over these populations is poverty.

The poverty rate in America is 11.1 % (Shrider, 2024).A key competency in nursing education related to population health is understanding how poverty affects patients. This simulation related to the poverty allows students to understand many people in poverty are not all homes less but live next door and may be one paycheck away from catastrophe.

The experience starts …

Integrating Standardized Nursing Terminologies Into A Nursing Curriculum Conceptual Framework, Ana Choperena, Virginia La Rosa-Salas, Nuria Esandi-Larramendi, Mercedes Pérez-Díez Del Corral, Begoña Errasti-Ibarrondo, Sonsoles Martín-Pérez, Clara Cabrera-Moreno, Dorothy Jones

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Purpose: The aim of this work is to present the Nursing Educational Framework (NEF) as an opportunity to integrate core elements of a humanistic person/family-centered view and as guidance in structuring a relationship-based curriculum.
Data sources: Empirical and theoretical literature studies were reviewed to define the framework rationale and its components.

Data synthesis: A deductive/inductive collaborative expert-informed approach was undertaken to develop this evidence-based codesigned framework. Its mission, along with unique components, implementation strategies, and outcomes, were successively integrated into the framework to guide nursing knowledge, learning, and curriculum development. A hermeneutic collaborative process of circular reflection was used in …

A Hospital Based Residency Program For Newly Arrived Internationally Educated Nurses To The Usa, Jaclynn Morgan, Torri Nicole Trojand

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Purpose: The purpose of this abstract and research is to establish the efficacy of a hospital-based nurse residency program for newly arrived internationally educated nurses to the United States.

Background: Healthcare institutions are recruiting Internationally educated nurses (IEN) to fill gaps in staffing (Spetz et al., 2013). Internationally educated nurses are coming from an entirely different country and healthcare system and are then placed into foreign clinical settings amongst a foreign culture and having to find their place within the culture at the same time (Rosenkoetter et al., 2017). Literature delineates that an approach to support IENs is needed to …

Use Of Screening Tool For Pediatric Non-Accidental Trauma In A Rural Emergency Room Setting, Allison Louise Schroering, Ashley N. Carter, Mikel W. Hand

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Significance of problem: The rise in the number of pediatric patients seen for abuse is alarming.¹ More than 7 million reports for maltreatment were made to Child Protective Services in 2021.² Rates of reported abuse were 8.1 per 1000, with 16% of these identified as non-accidental trauma (NAT) and the greater incidence happening to those 1 year or younger.^3,4 One to two deaths per day are attributed to NAT in the US.⁵ System improvements in emergency rooms (ER) and hospitals, such as implementing screening tools or protocols, are crucial for early detection and prevention of NAT. …

Creating A Standardized Intraoperative Handoff Report, Mary Hippchen, Melinda Ward, Jacqueline Reyes, Amiya Boyd, Rebecca Akande, Kanita Wilson

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Purpose: Effective communication during nurse-to-nurse relief is vital for patient safety, especially in complex surgeries. In the Operating Room (OR), inconsistencies in handoffs arise due to lack of structure, information gaps and time constraints. This project evaluates the impact of implementing a structured SWITCH (Surgical Procedure, Wet, Instruments, Tissue, Counts, and Have Questions) protocol for nurse-to-nurse handoff reports during breaks and permanent relief, aiming to improve continuity of care, reduce errors, and enhance patient safety.

Relevance: The SWITCH handoff model ensures all relevant surgical information is clearly communicated, reducing the risk of incomplete or unclear handoffs that can compromise patient …

Responding To The Association Of Secondhand Tobacco Smoke And Mental Illness: A Systematic Review, Pooja Bhattarai, Bassema Abu-Farsakh, Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Background: Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure represents a significant yet often overlooked public health challenge affecting over a billion people globally (World Health Organization 2021). Individuals exposed to SHS exposure inhale over 7,000 chemicals, including nicotine and other toxic substances, which adversely impact physical health (Carreras et al., 2019; Nadhiroh et al., 2020; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2024). However, growing evidence suggests SHS exposure may increase the likelihood of poor mental health outcomes (Van der Eijk & Woh 2023, Zeng et al., 2016) Addressing SHS exposure not only requires acknowledging its impact but also respecting the …

Associations Between County-Level E-Cigarette-Inclusive Tobacco 21 Law Population Coverage And E-Cigarette Use Behaviors Among United States Adolescents In Monitoring The Future, James H. Buszkiewicz, Catherine A. Vander Woude, Yanmei Xie, Steven Cook, Bukola Usidame, Megan E. Patrick, Michael R. Elliott, James F. Thrasher, Nancy L. Fleischer

Department of Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background and aims

In the United States (US), Tobacco 21 (T21) laws set the minimum legal sale age for all tobacco products to 21 years. This study aimed to examine whether e-cigarette-inclusive T21 laws were associated with e-cigarette use behaviors and related disparities among US adolescents.

Design

We used nationally representative, repeated cross-sectional Monitoring the Future data to compare self-reported current e-cigarette use (2014–2022) and first e-cigarette initiation (2015–2022) among adolescents in counties with 100% ('full') versus < 100% ('partial or no') e-cigarette-inclusive T21 law population coverage using modified Poisson regression, examining differences by sex, race and ethnicity, parental educational attainment and college educational expectations through interactions.

Setting

United States.

Participants

8th, 10th and 12th graders.

Measurements

County-level e-cigarette-inclusive T21 law population coverage was determined using Tobacco 21 Population Coverage …

Psychological Variables That Best Predict Health Related Behaviors In College Students, Arianna Gamaggio

Honors Theses

The present study examined which psychological factors best predicted health behaviors in college students. The psychological factors that were addressed included anxiety, depression, grit, and psychological flexibility. The health behaviors were examined by using a composite variable that included sleep, diet, and exercise. A total of 265 students participated in the study, but only 174 (μ age = 21) met the criteria for inclusion. Participants completed validated self-report measures such as the GAD- 7 (anxiety), PHQ-9 (depression), Short Grit Scale, Psy-Flex-6 (psychological flexibility), as well as health behavior assessments that measured eating behaviors, sleeping, and exercise habits. Correlational analyses indicated …

The Heterogeneity Of Healthcare And Insurance In The Midwest, William Robb

Honors Theses

Background 
Healthcare varies in each state from labor and capital to the laws governing the state and the finances they run under. United States citizens have criticized healthcare and call for change as the United States lacks a universal healthcare system. Even with a universal healthcare system, there are systematic issues and a financial downturn that need to be addressed even if it were to be adopted. Half of the counties in the U.S. see a shortage in labor and hospitals leading to a desert for both cases. Funding through the government is unstable and lacks clear and meaningful payments …

Characteristics Of Unintentional Injuries In Young Children In Low Socioeconomic Status Families, Annabelle Pederson

Honors Theses

Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death among young children in the United States, with low-income families being at higher risk. This study examined seven weeks of prospective injury data from 89 caregivers of preschool-aged children enrolled in a Head Start program participating in a randomized controlled trial of a modified home safety intervention. Caregivers completed weekly interviews reporting the injury type, location, severity, pain, and caregiver in charge. Slips, trips, and falls were the most common injuries that occurred, with most occurring in the primary caregiver’s home. Mothers were the supervising adults in over half of the incidents. …

The Divided Self: Gothic Duality In Literature, Sarah Anna Meeks

Masters Theses

Gothic literature of the nineteenth century is haunting due to its frequent use of ghosts and monsters. However, the true terror lies in a deeper horror, one that is more intimate and destabilizing– a fright that leaps out of the text, looking into the heart of the reader: the fractured mind of the self torn between reality and repression, haunted by its own, newly manifested internal disunity rather than external monsters. The characters of Gothic fiction are typically caught in a psychological turmoil. They battle with split morals between duty and desire, morality and madness, and science and spirituality. Specifically, …

Methylene Blue Associated Retinal Toxicity, Sidra Zafar, Martin Calotti, Timothy T. Xu, Justin Muste, Theodore Bowe, Luis Acaba-Berrocal, Brian Cheng, Samir Patel, Yoshihiro Yonekawa, Jose S. Pulido, Jordan D. Deaner

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

BACKGROUND: To describe a case of inadvertent methylene blue use during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for an epiretinal membrane (ERM).

CASE: A 69-year-old man presented with 1 day of severe vision loss in his left eye. Two days prior to presentation, he had undergone PPV that was complicated by accidental methylene blue use. Visual acuity (VA) at presentation to our institution was CF from his baseline VA of 20/60. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrated diffuse hyperreflectivity and thickening of the inner retinal layers. The patient was started on oral prednisone with no improvement. On postoperative month 1, VA was HM. …

Defining Immersive Theatre Creation For Stage Managers’ Benefit, Alivia Infeld

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Creating immersive theatre differs from traditional theatre in its use of found spaces that lack visual barriers between the audience and the performers. Additionally, the order of scenes are performed in can change for each performance. The delineation of scenes is often defined by a change in location or scheduled time. For these reasons and more, immersive theatre presents many unique challenges for artists working in this medium. In particular, the role of stage managers is complicated by the opportunity for complications inherent in performances featuring audience interaction in close quarters. Audience behavior is at once both an unknown variable …

Diary Of A Young Actress: An Inquiry Into Failure, Resilience, And The Actor’S Journey, Keira Biala

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

What is the journey? For some, it may be a road to a physical destination. For others like myself, it is a pathway containing failures such as rejection and successes such as booking roles. Sometimes, these failures can challenge our sense of self, leading to unhealthy coping mechanisms. As a deep exploration of self-comparison, self-worth, and rejection in people’s artistic and non-artistic journeys, I created an album called Diary of a Young Actress consisting of self-written songs about these three topics when it comes to my acting journey. Moreover, I read books and articles about people’s perspectives on their journeys …

A Concept Analysis Of Entrenched Toxic Cultures In Nursing Academia, Becky Good, Kristen Kirby, Karen J. Foli

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Introduction: Toxic cultures in nursing academia are environments characterized by incivility, bullying, and harassment, all concepts well defined in the literature (Beckmann et al., 2013; Clark, 2013; Fry & Schmer, 2021). While some toxic cultures can be addressed with targeted interventions, others are more widespread, established, and difficult to dismantle (Beitz & Beckmann, 2023; Clark & Ritter, 2018; Coates, 2024; Goldberg et al., 2013; Olsen et al., 2020). Specific data are scarce; however, as negative behaviors persist and intensify, we believe the unexplored phenomenon of entrenched toxic culture (ETC) emerges.

Purpose: This concept analysis aims to define ETCs in nursing …

Interdisciplinary Debriefing After Critical Events: The Impact On Burnout And Teamwork, Shannon Souther, Eunyoung Lee, Milena Staykova

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Healthcare workers are frequently exposed to critical events, which can lead to emotional stress and burnout. Burnout can significantly impact the healthcare system and healthcare workers on a physical, mental, and emotional level, which can lead to a higher level of turnover. One strategy to reduce burnout is to introduce interdisciplinary debriefing (IDD) after critical events. Debriefing may decrease burnout among healthcare workers and increase teamwork, reducing turnover intent. However, there is limited research to demonstrate a relationship between IDD, burnout, and teamwork.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the impact that IDD after critical events has on teamwork and …

Capacity Building For Mental Health Of Older Persons: A Participatory Action Research, Theresa Aragones Guino-O, Zorinna Macahis Luague, Uenavil Anne Empaces Junio, Evalyn Elardo Abalos

Biennial Convention (CONV)

There is a projected increase in the older population worldwide by 2050. This creates disconcerting implications in Philippine society, where a trend of elderly persons living alone and with minimal resources to meet their health maintenance and treatment needs is observed. These important concerns relate to mental health and need to be addressed through research-based interventions that are effective and sustainable. The aim of the study was to assess, implement, and evaluate socially and culturally acceptable interventions for the mental health of older persons together with the participants residing in Barangay Calindagan, Dumaguete City, Philippines. Participatory action research was chosen …

Adult From Heart To Sole: Screening And Early Identification Of Congenital Heart Disease, Tami L. Jakubowski, Simranjot Mann, Emma Cartnick, Sarah Curtis, Carole Kenner, Marina Boykova

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Introduction: This pilot study explores a non-invasive, low cost screening method for identification of congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: A survey was distributed via social media platforms(Facebook, LinkedIn, webpages). Study participants were asked if they have a CHD diagnosis, other health problems, and whether they have a specific crease on either or both feet. This study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board at The College of New Jersey and the Medical Advisory Board Research Committee of the Adult Congenital Heart Association.

Results: All study participants(n= 53) were over the age of 18 years, 69.6% were female (n=37), …

Creating A Standardized Intraoperative Handoff Report, Mary Hippchen, Melinda Ward, Meghan Barnes, Jacqueline Reyes, Amiya Boyd, Rebecca Akande, Kanita Wilson

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Purpose: Effective communication during nurse-to-nurse relief is vital for patient safety, especially in complex surgeries. In the Operating Room (OR), inconsistencies in handoffs arise due to lack of structure, information gaps and time constraints. This project evaluates the impact of implementing a structured SWITCH (Surgical Procedure, Wet, Instruments, Tissue, Counts, and Have Questions) protocol for nurse-to-nurse handoff reports during breaks and permanent relief, aiming to improve continuity of care, reduce errors, and enhance patient safety.

Relevance: The SWITCH handoff model ensures all relevant surgical information is clearly communicated, reducing the risk of incomplete or unclear handoffs that can compromise patient …

Workplace Incivility And Its Impact On Vulnerability And Well-Being Of Nursing Faculty In Japan, Miwako Hoshi, Namiko Kawamura, Takumi Yoshino, Melissa Dyo

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Research Design: This research was a non-experimental descriptive study.

Subjects: A convenience sampling method was employed in this study, resulting in a total of 455 nursing faculty across Japan. The participants consisted of 52 males (10.4%) and 341 females (68.1%) with a mean age of 47.2 years (SD = 9.68). Regarding their academic positions, 94 were professors (18.8%), 68 were associate professors (13.6%), 82 were (senior) assistant professors (16.4%), 113 were (junior) assistant professors (22.6%), and 41 were research associates (8.2%).

Instruments: The survey form with open-ended questions to explore the experiences of workplace incivility such as faculty-to-faculty and …

Challenges And Difficulties Faced By Children With Special Healthcare Needs And Their Caregivers, Julia Dankanich

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN) and children with medical complexity (CMC) encompass a broad spectrum of children with varying medical conditions and health care needs. They use a greater number of resources due to their higher level of specialty care visits, greater emergency department use, and higher rate of hospitalizations compared to children without special health care needs. The purpose of this literature review is to identify the caregivers of CYSHCN and CMC experiences and difficulties related to caring for their high-needs children. A literature search was conducted using the keywords children and youth with special …

Turkey’S Recent E-Commerce Amendments: A Critical Comparison With The Eu Digital Markets Act, Kaan Kocabas, Jurgita Malinauskaite

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

Recent regulatory reforms in Turkey aim to address the competitive risks posed by dominant digital platforms, particularly concerning data exploitation, self-preferencing, and discriminatory conduct. Rather than introducing a standalone competition law instrument, Turkey amended its Law on the Regulation of Electronic Commerce to embed competition-related obligations, raising questions about the consistency and coherence of enforcement. This article analyses the legal and institutional implications of these amendments, critically comparing Turkey’s approach with the European Union’s Digital Markets Act (DMA). It argues that while the Turkish amendments reflect global regulatory trends, the lack of a dedicated competition framework risks creating enforcement conflicts …

Effective Strategies Hawaiian Food Truck Owners Use To Sustain Their Businesses, Eric J. Harring

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Food trucks are popular choices for consumers seeking diverse cuisines and unique dining experiences, but running a successful food truck business presents significant challenges, including fluctuating customer preferences, regulatory hurdles, and intense competition. Addressing these obstacles is crucial for food truck owners to ensure the long-term viability of their enterprises. Grounded in contingency theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry research project was to explore the strategies employed by food truck owners to overcome these challenges and foster sustainable growth. The participants were six business owners of Hawaiian food trucks who sustained their businesses for at least three years. …

Spartan Daily, December 4, 2025, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2025

Volume 165, Issue 42

Beyond The Grade: Validity In Global Virtual Team Peer Evaluation, Maria Randazzo-Davis, Phd., Christopher Nelson , Phd., Hillary Nelson, Graduate Student

International Journal for Business Education

This study examines how peer evaluation functions in global virtual teams, a setting that reflects the collaborative demands of contemporary international business education. The authors tested whether peer evaluation subscales, total peer-report score, and various indicators of team diversity predict team performance, assessed by instructors in a sample of 2,012 students from 445 X-Culture teams. The variables that were good predictors of team performance included the quality of team communication, work ethic, technical competence, generation of ideas, peer engagement, and peer writing skills. Less predictive of performance were leadership and effort ratings. In addition, students' self-ratings (i.e., peer ratings) were, …