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This Land Is Our Land: Creating Abortion Safe-Havens In Federal Enclaves Using The Nondelegation Doctrine, Callie Fucarino

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

In a post-Dobbs world, the legal status of abortion care is in the hands of the states. Healthcare providers and people seeking abortion care must either take legal risks or betray their morals and oath to care for their patients to follow the law in certain restrictive states. What remains in flux is the status of abortion rights on federal lands. There is currently no federal law that criminalizes abortion, but many states prohibit it. Within some states that have restricted abortion, there lie federal enclaves—certain specified land that the United States government owns, where federal law controls. At first …

Fundamental Rights Betrayed: How Pregnancy Exclusions In Advance Directive Statutes Silence Pregnant People’S Wishes, Molly Hill

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

INTRODUCTION: In 2013, Marlise Muñoz collapsed at her home and was rushed to the hospital, where the doctors informed her family that she had suffered a pulmonary embolism and was now brain-dead. Marlise had previously expressed to her family that she never wished to be kept on life support if she was left brain-dead, so her family wanted to honor her wishes. However, despite her irreversible brain death, because Marlise was fourteen weeks pregnant, Texas law required that her body remain on life-sustaining treatment until her fetus became viable. Her body lay in the hospital hooked up to machines against …

Low Temperature Ac Photoelectrochemical Etching Of Si-Doped N-Type Gan: Nanostructure Fabrication For Enhanced Msm Photodetector Performance, Nur Iwani Nor Izaham, Ainorkhilah Mahmood, Rosfariza Radzali, Alhan Farhanah Abd Rahim, Nur Maizatul Azra Mothtar, Mahayatun Dayana Johan Ooi, Naser Mahmoud Ahmed

Baghdad Science Journal

This study has investigated the fabrication of porous Si-doped gallium nitride (GaN) using low-temperature alternating current photoelectrochemical (ACPEC) etching at varying etching durations for MSM photodetector applications. The structural and optical characteristics of the porous GaN samples were examined using a 400 W high-pressure mercury-vapour lamp (Hg-HPVL) and 4% KOH electrolyte with 50 Hz of 100 mA alternating current (AC). Current-voltage (I-V) measurements were conducted to analyse the platinum-deposited GaN for MSM photodetector performance. FESEM micrographs of the etched samples revealed coral-like and nano-tunnel pore formations, while AFM topography showed a significant increase in surface roughness compared to in the …

Assessment Of Carbon Capture Potential In Rubber Plantations Via Landsat 9 Imagery Analysis, Ade Fitria, Rahmawaty Rahmawaty, Razali Razali, Jamin Saputra, Seca Gandaseca

Baghdad Science Journal

Indonesia is a significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter, contributing 12.3% of carbon dioxide (CO₂) of total emissions. Carbon dioxide (CO₂), a major GHG, is increasing in the Earth’s atmosphere. The CO₂ absorption can be increased through rubber plantations because rubber plants, such as forest plants, can process CO₂ as a carbon source for photosynthesis. This research aims to analyze carbon uptake in relation to tree density, biomass of rubber vegetation, and soil organic carbon (SOC) content, as well as to map the distribution of carbon potential using remote sensing. This research was conducted in …

Synthesis And Photoluminescence Properties Of Graphene Quantum Dots Prepared Via Carbonization Under Pressure Reduction, Sutthipoj Wongrerkdee, Pichitchai Pimpang

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study reports the synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) via a bottom-up carbonization approach using citric acid as a precursor under various reduced pressure conditions. The carbonization process was carried out at 250℃ in an ethanol medium, with atmospheric pressures ranging from normal to 20 inHg below atmospheric pressure. The effects of pressure reduction on the size and optical properties of GQDs were systematically investigated. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV–Vis spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that pressure reduction during synthesis decreased GQDs size and induced a blue-shift in both absorption and emission spectra. The optical bandgap of GQDs was …

Development Of 4-Vinylbenzyl Chloride (Vbc) Grafted Onto Branched Polyethylenimine (Pei) Onto Bacterial Cellulose Sheet By Gamma-Induced Irradiation Technique For Cu Ion Adsorption, Methinee Wongwai, Supitchaya Kulratkitiwong, Thitirat Rattanawongwiboon, Sarute Ummartyotin

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Bacterial cellulose extracted and purified from Nata de coco was employed as a platform for Cu2+ ion adsorption. 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) was successfully grafted at the hydroxyl position by using gamma irradiation. The optimum was typically related to VBC concentration of 2% (v/v) and a radiation dose of 50 kGy. FTIR significantly reported the functional group of C-Cl related to VBC. No change of crystallinity and morphology was observed. The thermal decomposition was stable up to 200℃. The modification of branched polyethylenimine (PEI) was prepared in order to change the functionality to N‒H stretching. This was expected to adsorb Cu2+ …

High Temperature Storage Reliability Of Cu Pillar Flip Chip Interconnects, Kachain Worapakdee, Anusara Srisrual

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The Cu pillar flip chip is currently designed and used in the optic communication device that it has exhibited low reliability at high temperature. This paper aims to report the reliability of Cu pillar flip chip assembled on electronics board for a new optoelectronic product subjected to high temperature storage testing. The test was performed at 150℃ isothermal condition with the various storage times up to 2000 h. The aged samples were characterized with scanning acoustics microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Two types of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) were found at beside of the Cu pillar i.e. …

Simplified Function For Predicting Superconducting Critical Temperature, Pakin Tasee, Nattawut Natkunlaphat, Udomsilp Pinsook

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Currently, there is intense competition to develop models that can accurately estimate the critical temperature across a wide range of superconductors, while striving for straightforward derivations and comprehensive predictions. In this work, we present an approach to determining the critical temperature based on the linearized Eliashberg gap equations employing the bandwidth model. To verify the accuracy of our model, we collect Eliashberg spectral functions from various independent studies, compute the necessary parameters, and solve the Eliashberg gap equations numerically to obtain the exact solutions, along with utilizing the modified Allen-Dynes equation. The findings suggest that both models are in good …

An Integrated Experimental–Numerical Approach For Characterizing Deformation Behavior Of High-Strength Steels, Weerapong Julsri, Apichat Sanrutsadakorn, Vitoon Uthaisangsuk

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study aims to establish an integrated experimental–numerical framework for characterizing the deformation behavior of DP590 high-strength steel sheet. The framework combines experimental uniaxial tensile and Nakajima tests with finite element (FE) simulations to provide a comprehensive assessment of forming limits and fracture behavior. Forming limit curves (FLCs) and forming limit stress curves (FLSCs) were determined with the integrated approach and then validated numerically using the Hill’48 yield criterion together with both Swift and Voce hardening laws. Model calibration incorporated experimental data on directional mechanical properties to ensure that material anisotropy was accurately represented. The FE simulations demonstrated strong agreement …

Controlled Release Of Holy Basil Essential Oil Nanoemulsion Encapsulated In Gelatin/ Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogel For Wound Care, Shehbaz Ameer, Pranut Potiyaraj, Tu Minh Tran Vo

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) is a therapeutic agent recognized for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. However, its clinical use is limited by poor aqueous solubility, volatility, and instability. Nanoemulsion (NE) is an effective strategy to overcome these limitations. In this study, 1% HBEO in 0.5% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution formulation yielded nanosized droplets (182±3 nm, PDI = 0.286) and showed sustained release, with 92% drug release over 30 h, compared to the rapid release for 1% HBEO in pure water. To further enhance stability and biocompatibility, the HBEO nanoemulsion (HBEONE) was incorporated into a glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinked …

Novel Eco-Friendly Composites: Crotalaria Pallida (Cp) Fiber Reinforced Guar Gum/ Polyvinyl Alcohol Blends For Enhanced Mechanical And Thermal Properties, Tirupati Rao Bantu, Renjis T. Tom, Delse P. Sebasian, Anitha C. Kumar

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Eco-friendly composites exhibit promising applications in wound dressings, tissue engineering, sustainable packaging, and environmental cleanup. This study investigates the development of novel biodegradable composites utilizing guar gum (GG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and Crotalaria pallida (CP) fibers, along with wood and nanocellulose, and their characterization. The integration of natural and synthetic polymers with plant fibers enhances mechanical strength, thermal stability, and water resistance. In this study, different loadings of CP material (0.0 g, 0.50 g, 0.75 g, and 1.0 g) and constant amounts of GG and PVA were used to fabricate hybrid films. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis revealed significant …

Carbon Precipitation On Metal Nanostructures And Diamond Surfaces, Komkrit Rientong, Akkarach Sukserm, Nattakarn Suntornwipat, Udomsilp Pinsook

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The interaction between diamond and a nickel (Ni) layer plays a crucial role in understanding the formation of graphene and its energy dynamics on metal-diamond substrates. In this study, we investigate the optimal positions of graphene relative to a catalyst layer on diamond by analyzing total energies obtained from self-consistent field (SCF) calculations using Quantum ESPRESSO. The structures of graphene, diamond (100), and the catalyst layers were constructed and simulated both individually and in combination. Energy comparisons between the combined structures and the sum of their individual components were conducted to identify favorable graphene positions. Our simulations show that graphene …

Zinc Oxide Functionalized Biochar From Rambutan Wood As A Novel Material To Utilize An Agricultural Waste In Thailand, Suchinda Vongsetskul Vongsetskul, Waraporn Thepthong, Supawan Kanyawilas, Narong Chanlek, Ratana Charoenwattanasatien, Wutthikrai Busayaporn, Thammasit Vongsetskul

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Zinc oxide-functionalized biochar (biochar-ZnO) from rambutan wood, an agricultural waste, was prepared to increase a value of biochar from rambutan, an important economic fruit crop in Thailand, for the first time. Biochar-ZnO was synthesized by a sol-gel process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra suggest that the biochar consists of amorphous carbon mainly and confirm the success of zinc oxide functionalization on the biochar surface. The crystal structure of zinc oxide is hexagonal Wurtzite. The diameter of zinc oxide particles is ~20 nm. Thermogravimetric (TGA) thermograms indicate the success of biochar-ZnO preparation. A weight percentage of zinc oxide in the composite is …

Finite Element Simulation Of Surface Repair Welding Of Grade R260 Railway Rails Using Thermite Welding, Werayoot Lahamornchaiyakul, Saksit Chuenchomnakjad, Thongchai Khrueaphue, Parinyawatr Dhinnabutra

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Railway rails subjected to repetitive wheel-rail contact loads experience surface damage, including shallow cracks, groove wear, and material loss. Conventional arc welding repair presents limitations in costs, repair time, and quality consistency. This study investigates thermite welding for surface repair of pearlitic rail steel grade R260, emphasizing the effects of mold overflow configuration on thermal behavior, molten metal flow, and weld quality. A finite element framework incorporating thermal-fluid coupling was developed to simulate temperature distribution and molten metal penetration. Three mold overflow configurations were evaluated: overflow at the wear groove outer edge (Case 1), near the pouring gate (Case 2), …

No Exception For Ultra Vires Discrimination, Rev. James Deboer

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

The Ministerial Exception (“the Exception”) is an affirmative defense that religious institutions may use to obtain dismissal of discrimination claims brought by current and former ministerial employees.The Exception rests on the seemingly straightforward premise that churches and other religious institutions must be free to select and remove their own ministers without interference from secular laws.  It applies with equal force to any kind of discrimination; extends to harassment and retaliation; and is not confined to forms of alleged discrimination motivated by religious belief.

The Supreme Court has only addressed the Exception twice. First, in 2012, through Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church …

The Ambiguity That Isn’T: Why Same-Sex Marriage Is Legal In American Samoa, Dante Cade Harootunian, Sammi Lawrence

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

After the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Obergefell v. Hodges that prohibitions on same-sex marriage violate the equal protection guarantees of the U.S. Constitution, several government officials in American Samoa issued statements claiming that the decision had no effect in American Samoa, and, to date, no same-sex couples have

applied for a marriage license in the territory. This Article analyzes the Obergefell decision in light of other federal and territorial court decisions that determined the applicability of constitutional rights to U.S. territories and concludes that, despite the statements of local officials, the Obergefell decision applies in American Samoa, and the …

Cedaw's General Recommendation No. 37: A Sweeping Reconceptualization Of Women’S Rights In The Climate Crisis And A Tool To Assess State’S Compliance With Them, Ingrid Nifosi-Sutton

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

INTRODUCTION: Climate change is one of the most formidable challenges of our time that threatens our way of life and the very existence of humankind. While climate change has negative impacts on all persons, it affects women and girls disproportionately. During floods and severe storms fueled by climate change, for example, women are more likely to die than men because they lack access to essential information on how to survive in these emergencies. In certain regions of the world—such as Sub-Saharan Africa—women smallholder farmers are bearing the brunt of climate change because, in the aftermath of droughts, these women have …

Why Dobbs Is No Roadmap For Deciding State Constitutional Abortion Issues, Daniel A. Small

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

In deciding that Fourteenth Amendment “liberty” does not protect a woman’s decision to end her pregnancy, Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization sought to distinguish the precedent that Roe and Casey relied on to recognize an abortion right. The Dobbs majority claimed that this precedent did not support a right to abortion because, in its view, destroying a fetus is more immoral than the conduct at issue in those earlier cases. However, moral concerns about fetal destruction shed no light on the nature or characteristics of a woman’s liberty interest in an abortion decision. These concerns, therefore, cannot show whether …

What Is “The Nation’S History And Tradition?”: Using History To Redefine “Liberty” And Applying A New Deeply Rooted Test To Transgender Rights, Kaori Kawaguchi

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

INTRODUCTION: “In a Constitution for a free people, there can be no doubt that the meaning of ‘liberty’ must be broad indeed.” In Roe v. Wade, the Court considered a woman’s liberty right to decide whether to continue a pregnancy or have an abortion and recognized the constitutional validity of a liberty right to abortion as part of the right to privacy. In Roe, the Court concluded, “[o]nly personal rights that can be deemed ‘fundamental’ or ‘implicit in the concept of ordered liberty’ are included in the guarantee of a right of personal privacy.” Liberty should be “left to …

Extending Appellate Immigration Jurisdiction: Providing Additional Pathways Of Review For Discretionary Determinations Regarding Extraordinary Circumstances For Victims Of Spousal Abuse, Ayashah Anwar

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

INTRODUCTION: Lucila Magana-Magana lived a life marked by tragedy. At the age of fifteen, Lucila was sexually assaulted and became pregnant. As a young pregnant woman with no ability to leave, Lucila was forced to live with her assailant and had more children with him until his death. After several years on her own, she entered another relationship with her work supervisor, Rafael Camacho, but that relationship soon turned abusive. Camacho became addicted to drugs and alcohol, and eventually Lucila was forced to escape the relationship. Out of fear, Lucila fled Mexico to the United States. Once again, Lucila found …

Nonviolent Felony Offenders And The Second Amendment: Reexamining Categorical Disarmament Laws In Light Of Bruen And Rahimi, Nikolay Belardi

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

INTRODUCTION: The Second Amendment ensures that “the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.” In a country with more civilian-owned firearms than people—and more gun dealers than McDonald’s, Burger King, Subway, and Wendy’s locations combined—it is no surprise that Americans pride themselves on their right to bear arms. However, a majority of the American population favors stricter gun laws and regulations, a position that seems sensible given that mass shootings are an all-too-familiar occurrence in the United States. The enshrinement of the right to bear arms in the Constitution limits the laws and regulations …

Assessing Attitudes Toward Ai Futures: Perceived Likelihood And Policy Preferences, David Chavanne

Economics Faculty Publications

The experiment presented in this paper uses vignettes to measure the perceived likelihood of different AI futures and assess how policy preferences change across these futures. One vignette varies the degree of future AI-driven job loss in a hypothetical scenario set five years into the future, while another vignette varies the degree of future AI autonomy across the same timeframe. Participants provide their perceived likelihood that the world will resemble the scenario in the vignette, and they also express their level of support for either universal basic income (UBI) or a jobs-guarantee program (JG) if the world in five years …

Rethinking Writing Assessment In The Age Of Generative Ai: Toward A Conceptual Framework For First-Year Writing, Abeeb Hammed

English Faculty Research Publications

Emerging technologies have changed the dimensions of the first-year writing classroom. Before AI, assessment focused on traditional rubrics that emphasized arguments, rhetorical strategies, and language conventions. While this traditional checklist remains important for assessing student writing, it is also necessary to argue that the traditional rubric is insufficient for evaluating student performance in the current age of AI. We acknowledge that a rubric is not necessarily designed to detect AI use. However, there is a growing need for AI-informed assessment. A final-product rubric alone may provide insufficient evidence about the student’s writing process, decision-making, and authorship when AI is involved. …

Designing Presence Together: A Coi-Guided Summit And Accountability Approach, Latisha D. Haag, Rachel Dolechek, Janet Stramel, Jessica Heronemus-Claiborn

Teaching Online Pedagogical Repository

This strategy, developed as part of a Digital Teaching Champions initiative at a regional comprehensive university, describes an Engage & Elevate summit and accountability model that helps faculty implement small, presence‑focused changes in their online courses using the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework. In two synchronous Zoom summits, faculty cohorts completed a brief CoI self‑assessment, explored discipline‑neutral examples of social, cognitive, and teaching presence, and analyzed low‑, moderate‑, and high‑presence versions of common online activities. Guided by summit worksheets and templates, each instructor selected one existing activity (such as a discussion, peer review, or feedback workflow), identified one “small teaching” …

Efficiency Without Compromise: Automating Group Formation And Peer Accountability In Online Graduate Courses, Aj Dalal, Whitney Newman, Tanla Bilir, Liz Drabkin

Teaching Online Pedagogical Repository

This strategy uses Canvas's built-in random group assignment tool paired with FeedbackFruits' Teammate Evaluation to create a near-fully automated group work pipeline in online graduate courses. By eliminating manual group formation and connecting peer evaluations directly to the gradebook, instructors can implement accountable, structured group work with minimal administrative effort.

Examining The Psychosocial Impact Of Having An Adolescent Sibling With A Leukemia Diagnosis, Jordan A. Barczak

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The current research regarding the impact of having a sibling undergoing cancer treatment is inconsistent and limited in scope. The current study explored the psychosocial effects, including peer relationships, academic outcomes, and overall mood in siblings of children with a cancer diagnosis. This study also explored the interaction patterns between children, their siblings with a leukemia diagnosis, and other members of the family. The participants of this study consisted of five youth from different families with a child or adolescent sibling with a leukemia diagnosis. The participants were recruited via social media and other community outreach avenues. Participants were between …

The Influence Of Parental Attitudes On Perceptions Of Gender Socialization In Their Children, Tareva Cortes

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Gender socialization begins early in childhood and plays a significant role in shaping children's beliefs, behaviors, and perceptions of themselves and others. Parents serve as primary agents of gender socialization and contribute to children's understanding of gender roles through attitudes, expectations, and reinforcement of gender-related behaviors. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine parental attitudes regarding traditional gender roles, modern sexism, and children's gender-related behaviors. Participants included 163 parents and legal guardians residing in the United States who had at least one child under the age of 18. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Child Gender Socialization Scale, …

Scott Ely Collection - Accession 1761, Scott Ely

Manuscript Collection

This collection consists of manuscripts of Scott Ely’s various published works such as Overgrown with Love (1993), The Angel of the Garden (1999), Eating Mississippi (2005), A Song for Alice Loom (2006), and Plumb’s Bluff (2014); as well as screenplay manuscripts for his first and second publications, Starlight (1987) and Pit Bull (1988). Aside from these, there are several more manuscripts and screenplays for unpublished works and short stories. The collection also includes correspondence, newspapers and clippings, magazines, reviews, and personal documents and letters.

James Scott Ely (1944-2013) was a Winthrop University Professor of English from 1987 until his …

York County - Probate Judge Records - Accession 910, Probate Judge Records, York County

Manuscript Collection

The collection consists of 22 microfilm reels containing copies of probate records created by the York County (formerly York District), South Carolina, Probate Judge and its predecessor, the Office of the Ordinary, dating from 1787 to 1969. The original records are held by the South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

The collection documents the administration and settlement of estates in York County and includes estate record books, will books, inventories, appraisements and sales books, returns books, real estate books, minute books and journals of the Ordinary, indexes to estate papers, and selected estate case files. These records preserve probate …

Optimizing Behavioral Health Services For Older Adults Through Structured, Evidence-Based Group Therapy, Elizabeth A. Adwa

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

Anxiety and depression are common among older adults and are often exacerbated by social isolation, grief, chronic health conditions, and limited access to mental health services (Blazer, 2020; Ong et al., 2016). To address these challenges, this project implemented a structured six‑week group therapy program designed to improve mental health outcomes and strengthen social connectedness among low‑income older adults. The program was delivered within a retirement community managed by a local faith‑based social service organization. Using a manualized cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) group format, guided discussions, therapeutic activities, and peer support, the intervention aimed to reduce symptoms of anxiety and …