Digital Commons Network^™

Defending The Quasi-Employee Doctrine In Singapore In The Aftermath Of Bird V Dp, Yu Han Lam, Suan Yeong Amelita Sim

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The rule that an organisation may be held vicariously liable for a tort committed by a tortfeasor who is not its traditional employee, but whose relationship is nonetheless "akin to employment" (commonly known as the "quasi-employee doctrine"), has been accepted only in obiter dicta in Singapore. In Bird v DP, the High Court of Australia rejected the quasi-employee doctrine. Bird may therefore provide impetus for the Singapore courts to do the same. This article argues, however, that the quasi-employee doctrine should be retained for four reasons. First, it enables unincorporated associations to be appropriately held vicariously liable. Second, the Singaporecourts …

Generalized Logit Adjustment: Improved Fine-Tuning By Mitigating Label Bias In Zero-Shot Vision Models, Beier Zhu, Qianru Sun, Xun Yang, Hanwang Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Foundation models like CLIP allow zero-shot transfer on various tasks without additional training data. Yet, the zero-shot performance is less competitive than a fully supervised one. Thus, fine-tuning and ensembling are also commonly adopted to better fit the downstream tasks. However, we argue that such prior work has overlooked the inherent biases in foundation models. Due to the highly imbalanced Web-scale training set, foundation models are inevitably skewed toward frequent semantics, and thus the subsequent fine-tuning or ensembling is still biased. In this study, we systematically examine the biases in foundation models and demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed Generalized …

Metrological Characterization Of Pavement Friction Measurements For High-Friction Surface Treatments: Si Traceability, Uncertainty Evaluation, And Adhesion–Hysteresis Separation Via Water–Soap Bpt Protocol, Alireza Roshan, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Laboratory friction measurements are central to material screening for High-Friction Surface Treatments (HFST), yet metrological aspects including a proposed metrological traceability framework or uncertainty, and reproducibility are consistently underreported. This study applies a metrology-aligned framework to British Pendulum Tester (BPT) measurements performed in three states: dry, wet (water), and water–soap to assess operational adhesion and hysteresis components, document traceability to the International System of Units (SI), and report GUM-style uncertainty with covariance for the adhesion difference. Measurements were obtained for calcined bauxite (CB) and rhyolite (Rhy) in HFST and Coarse gradations across seven polishing protocols (baseline; LAA-1000/2000; MDA-105/180; PSV-10 h/20 …

Optimization Of Bonding Behavior Of Crumb Rubber-Modified (Crm) Asphalt For Sustainable High-Friction Surface Treatment (Hfst) Applications, Abdallah Aboelela, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Binder bonding strength (BBS) is critical to aggregate retention and friction performance in high-friction surface treatment (HFST). Although epoxy resin is traditionally used, asphalt-based binders offer a sustainable alternative; however, their bonding behavior and influence on polishing performance remain insufficiently understood. This study investigated the evolution and optimization of BBS in crumb rubber-modified (CRM) asphalt for rhyolite-based HFSTs. BBS was measured under dry and wet-conditioned states for two CR contents (10% and 15%), two CR types (cryogenic and ambient), two interaction temperatures (170 and 200 °C), and interaction times from 10 to 240 min. HFST performance was assessed using the …

Flexural Performance Of Deficient Rc Beams Repaired With Gfrp Composite, Zena Aljazaeri, Hayder Alghazali, Zuhair Al-Jaberi, John J. Myers

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fiber-reinforced polymer composite materials have been improved for use in repairing and strengthening existing infrastructure over the past few decades. This case study focuses on the effect of confinement with GFRP strips on the structural performance of out-of-service beams in bridge applications due to the impact of over-height vehicles or inadequate lap-spliced reinforcements. In this study, beams with inadequate lap splices in the tension zone were utilized to mimic the damaged area in out-of-service RC beams. The proposed repair technique is a glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite in the form of longitudinal sheets and U-wrapped strips. The experimental study determined …

How E-Bicycle Policy And Infrastructure Challenge Sustainable Transportation: An Ethical Assessment, Shane Ray Epting

Arts, Languages and Philosophy Faculty Research & Creative Works

While new transportation technologies such as transportation network companies and electronic scooters showed promise for sustainable mobility, their initial impacts suggest otherwise in several instances. Electronic bicycles are no exception, resulting in an increasing number of injuries and deaths in many cities. Despite having environmental advantages, such outcomes challenge the view that they qualify as sustainable, bearing in mind that negative health impacts undermine sustainability's social pillar. While this issue is of paramount importance, it is only one factor among many that could impact several stakeholder groups, including many human groups, nonhuman animals, ecosystems, future people, and urban artifacts. In …

From Trees To Treewidth: Inventory Management In Complex Supply Chain Networks, Philippe Blaettchen, Andre Calmon, Georgina Hall, Mohit Tawarmalani

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We propose an exact linear programming (LP)-based solution approach to the Guaranteed Service Model (GSM), one of the most widely applied models for optimizing safety stock placement in supply chain networks. Our approach handles any directed acyclic network and any cost function that depends on a stage’s incoming and outgoing service times. It scales polynomially in the number of nodes n in the network, pseudo-polynomially with respect to the bit size of the maximum replenishment time M, and (for fixed M) exponentially in its treewidth, which quantifies how “tree-like” a network is and can be much smaller …

Prune: A Patching Based Repair Framework For Certifiable And Privacy-Robust Unlearning Of Neural Networks, Xuran Li, Jingyi Wang, Xiaohan Yuan, Peixin Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Machine unlearning has emerged as a key mechanism for enabling the “right to be forgotten” in neural network models, allowing the selective removal of specific training data upon request. Existing approaches typically rely on retraining models with the remaining data, which is computationally expensive and difficult to verify, especially when deployed models are distributed or resource-constrained. To address this challenge, our prior conference work introduced PRUNE, a patching-based framework that formulates unlearning as a neural network repair problem. PRUNE achieves targeted forgetting by learning lightweight patch networks that redirect model predictions on the data to be unlearned while preserving performance …

Neural Symphony Of Flow Experience: Evidence For High-Dimensional Metastable Dynamics, Abdelrahman B. M. Eldaly, Kris Zhangguang Kang, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Leanne Lai-Hang Chan, Keng Siau, Xiao Fan Liu, Richard Huskey, Langtao Chen, Tejaswini Yelamanchili, Rene Weber

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Flow, an optimal experience characterized by deep immersion and engagement in an activity, has been extensively studied in behavioral research. However, its neural dynamic mechanism remains poorly understood. In a within-subject video gaming experiment, we captured neural activity underlying flow, boredom, and anxiety using a 64-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) system. Compared to boredom and anxiety, flow exhibits the highest global functional connectivity, metastability, and dimensionality of dynamic functional connectivity patterns, suggesting that flow is a highly adaptable process that is supported by high-dimensional neural dynamics. Unlike previous studies that focused on identifying static or localized brain activity, we examine the neural …

Myths, Risks, And Realities Of Floppy Disk Preservation, Tyler Thorsted, Leontien Talboom, Julianna Barrera-Gomez, Ross Spencer

Faculty Publications

Floppy disks remain vital for accessing early digital collections, yet online forums and blogs circulate many untested myths around these carriers. This paper examines common claims about reading disks; handling, cleaning, storage and media fragility; evaluating them in the context of contemporary workflows. Drawing on practical experience, targeted testing, and collaboration with conservation experts, we distinguish between theoretical risks and real-world workflows. By situating online advice within our own preservation practice, we provided a grounded perspective that helps preservation practitioners navigate legacy media.

Decolonial Human Rights Practice: Tactics, Obstacles, And Futures, Sarah Knuckey, Anjli Parrin, Gulika Reddy

Faculty Books

Human rights advocacy takes place within a deeply unequal world. As activists seek to protect rights, they struggle against the global economic and political power imbalances that drive violations. Movements for human rights are engaged in an internal struggle as well: against a human rights ecosystem that has long favored Global North organizations at the expense of civil society in the Global South. Decolonial Human Rights Practice: Tactics, Obstacles, and Futures explores the ongoing struggle of human rights organizations to confront and dismantle the coloniality of human rights advocacy.

Through a granular study of everyday advocacy practice which builds upon …

Trustworthy And Explainable Malware Threat Intelligence Through Social Media Analytics And Nature-Inspired Optimization, Feras Al-Obeidat, Muhammad Saad Rashad, Muhammad Amin, Waqas Ali, Bilal Khan, Sajid Anwar

All Works

The convergence of media analytics, Cyber threat Intelligence (CTI) and trustworthy artificial intelligence has become essential for modern cybersecurity systems operating over large-scale, heterogenous data sources. In particular, Social Media Intelligence (SOCMINT) and Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) provide high-volume, real-time signals that complement structured CTI frameworks for early-stage malware and adversarial threat detection. However, integrating these unstructured and dynamic sources with Structured Threat Information Expression (STIX) remains challenging due to its hierarchical complexity, semantic redundancy, and computational overhead in resource-constrained environments. This paper proposes an explainable and optimized intelligence pipeline (BERT-STIX) that unifies SOCMINT, OSINT, and STIX-based CTI using deep …

Deployment-Oriented Evaluation Of Temporal And Spatial Forecasting Approaches For Electric Vehicle Charging Demand In Energy Systems, Maher Alaraj, Eyob Solomon Getachew

All Works

Accurate short-term electric vehicle (EV) charging demand forecasting is important for charging infrastructure operation, grid management, and energy-system planning. This study presents a deployment-oriented and reproducible evaluation of temporal, spatial, and unified spatio-temporal forecasting approaches for day-ahead EV charging demand prediction. Using publicly available charging-session data aggregated at hourly resolution across ZIP-code regions, we compare persistence and ARIMA baselines, XGBoost, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs), and a unified GCN+LSTM architecture under a consistent preprocessing pipeline, leakage-free validation protocol, and rolling-origin evaluation framework. For the Boulder ZIP-code dataset considered in this study, temporal information provided the dominant …

Remembering The Great Gumpert, Susan Drucker

Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association

No abstract provided.

Remembering Gary Gumpert, Lance Strate

Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association

Thoughts on Gary Gumpert.

A Sign Of Our Times: Cities, Protest And Public Space, Susan Drucker

Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association

The U.S. is a country born out of protest, a nation which enshrined in its Constitution the right to assemble and petition the government, which includes the right to protest peacefully. Cities are spatial media and the site of much current contentiousness and controversy in the Trump administration’s America.  Cities can be symbols of protest such as sanctuary cities. Appropriation of everyday urban spaces and activities has been key to opposition politics. City streets have historically been the site of sign toting protesters watched o masked members of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). This paper explores the historical and …

Social Media Management: The Career That's Still Growing Up, Gabrielle Iorio

Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association

This paper explores social media management careers through in-depth interviews with 10 social media managers, analyzed using organizational communication theories. The interviewees reveal gendered and age-specific labor dynamics of the profession, struggles with mental health and work-life balance, and difficulty attaining internal visibility and fair compensation within organizations.

Economic Costs And Rhetoric Of Resisting Diversity, Bill Petkanas

Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association

This paper examines the history of group exclusion in various occupations and the rhetoric used to support programs in diversity, equity, and inclusion. Examples include the Manhattan Project, the Discovery of the structure of DNA, and sports. Rhetorical possibilities are suggested based on the economic advantages of DEI.

Postoperative Complications In Patients With Sickle Cell Disease After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty, Katie Zehner, Gwyneth C. Maloy, John Slevin, Wesley Day, Mitchell K. Ng, Xuan Luo, Jonathan N. Grauer, Arya G. Varthi

Rothman Institute Papers

BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease (SCD) encompasses a spectrum of genetic hematologic disorders characterized by erythrocyte sickling. Patients may experience musculoskeletal manifestations, such as osteonecrosis, which may warrant consideration for total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). While prior literature suggests patients with SCD more frequently suffer complications after orthopaedic procedures, this is not well characterized for TSA.

METHODS: Adult TSA patients (older than 18 years) were identified in the 2010 to 2023 PearlDiver M170 database. Patients with SCD were matched 1:4 to patients without SCD based on age, sex, and Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI). Ninety-day postoperative complications, emergency department (ED) visits, and readmissions …

Timing Of Isotretinoin Exposure And Early Postoperative Complications After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Areeb Ahmad, Ronald J. Shamus, Kassem Ghayyad, Daryl C. Osbahr, Adam J. Money, Michael G. Ciccotti, George J. Richard

Rothman Institute Papers

INTRODUCTION: Isotretinoin (ITN) is widely prescribed for severe acne in adolescents and young adults, a population where anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is commonly performed. Long-standing concerns about impaired wound healing have prompted many surgeons to delay procedures, despite limited orthopaedic-specific evidence. This retrospective case series evaluates early postoperative clinical complications in patients with documented ITN exposure undergoing ACLR.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed primary ACLR cases from 2015 to 2025 at a multisite orthopaedic practice with documented ITN exposure within 12 months of surgery and at least 3 months of follow-up. ITN exposure was categorized as perioperative (≤10 days), recent …

Table Of Contents, Journal Of Youth Development

Journal of Youth Development

No abstract provided.

4-H Builds Work Readiness Skills In Youth, Mike Knutz

Journal of Youth Development

4-H Programs provide work readiness skills like teamwork, respect, leadership, critical thinking, work ethics, and communication. Supported studies are highlighted as well as results from an evaluation of youth participants from a Know Your Government statewide program. Data was collected from middle and high school age youth to measure their self-reported increase in work readiness skills as well as knowledge of government. Results are discussed in terms of their relevance to life skill theory and measurement. The study supports the value of 4-H Youth Development Programs as a means for youth to acquire work readiness skills.

Teaching Personal And Social Responsibility Through A Mountain Biking After-School Program, Kayla Marsh, Kelly L. Simonton, Victoria Shiver, Tristan Wallhead

Journal of Youth Development

The Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) model has been identified as an evidence-based structure that can support social-emotional learning (SEL) competencies in after-school settings. However, much of the research includes general physical fitness and skill activity-based programs, and not activities students identify with as meaningful in their lives. The current study targeted a mountain biking afterschool-program which has the potential to promote meaningful transfer of knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study was two-fold: (a) to explore adolescents’ beliefs and understandings of SEL skills in a mountain biking TPSR program and (b) to explore the perceptions of potential …

Powering Tomorrow: Does Financial Development Induce Renewable Energy Consumption In Brics+ Nations?, Firlana Abidin, Abdul Khaliq

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This paper analyzes the influence of financial development on the implementation of renewable energy in BRICS+ nations, addressing both short-term and long-term implications. The empirical research utilizes Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Nonlinear ARDL models, analyzing data from 1992 to 2021 for ten BRICS+ nations, while accounting for essential economic variables such as Foreign Direct Investment and inflation rate. The results demonstrate that financial institutions and markets influence renewable energy adoption, with different significance in the short and long term. The empirical findings highlight the importance of comprehending how financial development can aid countries in transitioning to cleaner energy, especially …

Fiscal Decentralization, Local Government Size, And Regional Economic Growth: Evidence From Indonesia, Faizul Mubarok, Hasta Dwi Pradana, Etty Puji Lestari

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This study investigates the dynamic relationship between fiscal decentralization, local government size, and regional economic growth in Indonesia. Integrating fiscal federalism theory with the Armey curve framework, the study examines whether decentralization reshapes the scale of subnational governments and how this influences growth outcomes. Using balanced panel data from 26 Indonesian provinces over the period 1995–2020, the analysis employs dynamic panel estimators based on the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) to address endogeneity, persistence, and unobserved heterogeneity. The results reveal a nuanced relationship between fiscal decentralization and government size. Greater revenue autonomy is associated with a contraction in government size …

Why Did Medieval Chroniclers Copy Other Histories?, Christopher Berard

Humanities Program Faculty Publications

Medieval chroniclers sometimes borrowed entire passages from earlier works, adapting old words to describe new people and events. Christopher Berard examines this understudied practice and shows how such borrowing could be more than a shortcut, allowing writers to draw meaningful connections between the past and their own times.

Fluorescence-Based Methods For The Determination Of Selected Β-Lactam Antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Cefixime, And Cephalexin): A Review, Kardos Musheer Khorsheed, Tara Fuad Tahir, Ahmad F. Hama Sdiq

Polytechnic Journal

β-Lactam antibiotics constitute one of the most extensively prescribed classes of antimicrobial agents in human and veterinary medicine. However, their widespread use has raised growing concerns regarding antibiotic resistance, drug safety, and the presence of residual antibiotics in pharmaceutical products, biological fluids, foodstuffs, and environmental samples. As a result, the development of sensitive, selective, and rapid analytical methods for the determination of β-lactam antibiotics has become critically important. Among the available analytical techniques, fluorescence-based methods have gained increasing attention due to their high sensitivity, operational simplicity, low cost, and suitability for trace-level detection. This review presents a comprehensive overview of …

Full Issue, Volume 21, Issue 3, Journal Of Youth Development

Journal of Youth Development

No abstract provided.

Joining Forces:A Research-Practice Partnership For Out-Of-School Time, Julián C. Alonso Restrepo, Trevor Bopp, Diedre F. Houchen, Chanae Jackson, Sunshine Moss, Rose M. Pringle, Christine Wegner

Journal of Youth Development

This article describes the development and early implementation of the Youth Development Research-Practice Partnership (YDRPP), a collaboration between university researchers and the Better Out-of-School Time (BOOST) Alliance in Alachua County, Florida. Established to address persistent racial and socioeconomic disparities affecting youth, the partnership used a collaborative qualitative assessment to identify local youth needs, program strengths, and organizational challenges. Findings revealed that practitioners viewed academic support, mental health, social-emotional development, positive adult relationships, physical activity, life skills, and workforce preparation as the most pressing needs of youth. Programs responded through holistic offerings that included tutoring, mentoring, trauma-informed practices, recreation, career readiness, …

Why Sports Participation Matters For Girls In Urban Core Public Schools, David Mcleod, Angela B. Pharris, David Crynes, Emmy Hufnagel, Eddie Wright, Sabrina Hynd, Tim Mclaughlin

Journal of Youth Development

Sports participation plays a critical role in supporting academic success, school engagement, and social-emotional well-being, particularly for girls in urban core public school settings. This study examines the relationship between athletic participation and academic outcomes, attendance, and social-emotional functioning in a large urban public school district during the post-COVID period. Findings indicate that student-athletes outperform non-athlete peers across multiple indicators, including grade point average, enrollment in advanced coursework, and school attendance. Female athletes, in particular, demonstrate stronger academic performance and more favorable social-emotional outcomes compared to female non-athletes. Despite these advantages, a pronounced decline in girls’ sports participation occurs between …