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International Human Rights Law And Forced, Coerced And Involuntary Sterilization In Africa, John Mukum Mbaku

Fordham International Law Journal

In the last several years, courts and tribunals at the international, regional, and national levels have tackled the issue of forced, coerced, and involuntary sterilization, especially as it affects the rights of members of vulnerable or marginalized groups (e.g., women and girls with disabilities, or those living with HIV). International, regional, and national human rights bodies have described forced and coerced sterilization as a violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms, which include the right to the highest attainable standard of mental and physical health, the right to information, the right to found a family, and the right to be …

Oer Accessible Syllabus For Political Science 1100: Intro To U.S. Government, Carmen Melillo

Open Educational Resources

This is a sample OER accessible syllabus intended to create a cost-free Introductory level college course in Political Science and American Government.

Letter From The Editor

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

From Pirates To Corporations: The Evolving Battleground Of The Alien Tort Statute, Marin Larkin

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Familism In The Relationship Between Ethnic Identity And Sleep In Hispanic/Latino Adults: Results From The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (Hchs/Sol), Tetyana Krutsik

Theses and Dissertations from DePaul University

Hispanic/Latino individuals in the U.S. face sleep health disparities, reporting higher rates of short sleep duration and fragmented sleep compared to non-Hispanic white individuals. While Hispanic/Latino immigrants initially report better sleep health than their U.S.-born counterparts, prolonged residence in the U.S. is associated with worsening sleep, possibly due to acculturative stress. Ethnic identity and familism are cultural factors that have been correlated with positive health outcomes, even mitigating the adverse effects of acculturative stress and discrimination. However, little is known about the associations between these cultural factors and sleep health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the effect of ethnic …

Seed Consumer Dynamics At A Continental Scale, Jesse Grooms

Theses and Dissertations from DePaul University

No abstract provided.

All Things Adr, Kukin Program For Conflict Resolution, Cardozo Dispute Resolution Competition Honor Society (Cdrchs), Cardozo Dispute Resolution Society (Cdrs)

2025–2026 Flyers

Please join the Kukin Program for Conflict Resolution for All Things ADR, to learn about the dispute resolution societies, competitions and clinics offered at Cardozo.

We will provide information about programs such as the Dispute Resolution Honor Competition Society, the Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution, the Cardozo Dispute Resolution Society, the Dispute Resolution Clinics, and the Certificate in Dispute Resolution.

Clinical, Imaging And Blood Biomarker Outcomes In A Phase 3 Clinical Trial Of Tau Aggregation Inhibitor Hydromethylthionine Mesylate In Mild Cognitive Impairment And Mild To Moderate Dementia Due To Alzheimer’S Disease, Claude Wischik, Richard G. Stefanacci, Peter Bentham, Serge Gauthier, Henrik Zetterberg, Gordon Wilcock, Lutz Froelich, Alistair Burns, Emer Macsweeney, Clive Ballard, Jin-Tai Yu, Tay Siew Choon, Vahe Asvatourian, Natalia Muehlemann, Jan Priel, Karin Kook, Tenecia Sullivan, Diane Downie, Sonya Miller, Carol Pringle, John Storey, Tom Baddeley, Charles R Harrington, Lewis Penny, Mohammad Arastoo, Roger Staff, Anca-Larisa Sandu, Helen Shiells, Serena Lo, Nafeesa Nazlee, Emily Evans, Claire Hull, Bjoern Schelter

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Hydromethylthionine mesylate (HMTM) targets tau pathology and has tau-independent symptomatic activity.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of HMTM in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild to moderate dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD).

SETTING: 82 centres in Canada, European Union, United Kingdom and United States of America.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 598 amyloid β-PET positive participants were included; 44% (263) met clinical criteria for MCI due to Alzheimer's disease and 56% (335) were diagnosed with mild to moderate dementia due to AD.

INTERVENTION: HMTM 16 mg/day and 8 mg/day were compared with methylthioninium chloride (MTC) …

Marine Cold-Spells In The California Current System: Modeling Changes In Frequency And Impacts On Endangered Species Habitat, Kaila J. Frazer, Heather M. Welch, Michael G. Jacox, Nerea Lezama-Ochoa, Briana Abrahms, Mercedes Pozo Buil, Scott R. Benson, Daniel M. Palacios, L. David Smith, Thomas A. Clay, Steven J. Bograd, Elliott L. Hazen

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Marine cold-spells are an understudied phenomena which can both negatively impact marine wildlife and provide thermal refugia for species displaced by climate change. To develop forward-looking and climate-ready management schemes, it is critical to examine how marine species respond to cold-spells, how long-term warming will affect marine cold-spells over the next century, and how these future cold-spells will in turn affect species of conservation concern, particularly in marine protected areas. To this end, we detect marine cold-spells across the California Current System, a productive Eastern Boundary Upwelling System, relative to a fixed baseline (1980–2009) and to a detrended time series …

Consumer Vs. Code: The Future Of Consumer Smart Contracts From Code To Legal Practice, Amir Bushansky

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article evaluates the feasibility of implementing consumer contracts—including standard-form agreements—as smart contracts and assesses their adaptability through the lens of consumer protection law.

Specifically, it examines whether the traditional consumer contract framework can be meaningfully implemented in the form of smart contracts. It further considers whether such implementation necessitates adaptations—both in the technological architecture of the contracts themselves and in the underlying legal framework. By addressing these questions, the Article aims to contribute to a more coherent and forward-looking approach to regulating automated, code-based contracting in consumer markets.

Heterogeneous Catalysis Of Large Biomolecules: Insights From Platinum Particle Size In Nad+Regeneration, Jianwei Li, Samuel Robertshaw, Shouying Huang, Shelley D. Minteer, Xiaodong Wang

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) cofactor regeneration is essential for enabling dehydrogenase-promoted biosynthesis for value-added chemicals. Heterogeneous catalytic cofactor regeneration, using supported metal catalysts, is an emerging approach and has shown great promise. However, mechanistic insight remains largely unexplored. In this work, a series of silica-supported platinum (Pt) catalysts have been prepared for NAD⁺ cofactor regeneration, to understand the roles of Pt particle size and structure. A turnover frequency (TOF) 'volcano plot' was obtained for Pt clusters in the range of 2.2–7.1 nm, with the maximum TOF (136 h⁻¹) observed at 5.6 nm. Selective Pt site …

Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Pencatatan Dan Pelaporan Pemeriksaan Kapal Berbasis Mobile Di Balai Besar Kekarantinaan Kesehatan Tanjung Priok, Shallom Nurfadilah, Rico Kurniawan, Agus Sudaraman

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Digitalisasi pencatatan pemeriksaan kapal menjadi komponen kunci dalam upaya meningkatkan kecepatan, akurasi, dan efisiensi proses karantina kesehatan di pelabuhan. Saat ini, Balai Besar Karantina Kesehatan (BBKK) Tanjung Priok masih mengandalkan pencatatan manual berbasis kertas, yang sering menimbulkan duplikasi pekerjaan, risiko kehilangan atau kerusakan arsip, serta keterlambatan dalam penyusunan laporan. Untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut, penelitian ini mengembangkan prototipe sistem pencatatan pemeriksaan kapal berbasis mobile menggunakan KoboToolbox, sebuah platform open-source yang diintegrasikan dengan Google Spreadsheet melalui pendekatan no-code system development. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif melalui observasi proses kerja, wawancara petugas pemeriksa, dan telaah dokumen terkait, sedangkan pengembangan sistem mengikuti …

I Wasn’T Prepared For That”: Uk Social Worker Experiences Of Training In And Knowledge Of Acquired Brain Injury, Alyson Norman, Mark Holloway

School of Psychology

Summary: Acquired brain injury is a major cause of death and disability. Due to the impact of acquired brain injury on an individual's and a family's functioning, social workers are likely to encounter individuals and families affected by the condition. This study aimed to (1) identify the existing level of knowledge and skills of social workers in working with individuals with acquired brain injury and their families and (2) examine the training needs of social workers to improve their knowledge and skills in working with those with acquired brain injury. A series of semi-structured interviews with newly qualified social workers …

Indonesia’S Strategy And Policy To Face Global Economic Uncertainty During And After Covid-19, Insan Harapan Harahap

Jurnal Wacana Politik

This article discusses Indonesia’s response to global economic uncertainty characterized by interrelated shocks such as pandemics, supply chain disruptions, geopolitical tensions, inflationary pressures, climate risks, and volatile commodity markets. The study applies a descriptive qualitative approach and uses secondary data derived from official government documents, macroeconomic statistics, international economic agency reports, scientific articles, and relevant literature. The analysis covers the period 2020-2025 to capture the emergency response and recovery phase amid ongoing global instability. These findings show that Indonesia is adopting an adaptive and multidimensional policy mix, incorporating expansionary fiscal measures, flexible monetary management, and long-term structural reforms to maintain …

Grassroots Governance And Resilience: The Role Of Barangay Disaster Communication Amid Political Uncertainty, Karl Lenin Calaramo Benigno, Elsie Pilar, Yolanda Sabado-Lao

Jurnal Wacana Politik

This study examines the role of barangay-level communication in disaster preparedness and response amid political uncertainty, focusing on Ilocos Norte, Philippines. Specifically, it investigates how comprehension of disaster warnings and COVID-19-related terms affects citizens’ compliance, and how demographic and barangay-related factors moderate this relationship. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving surveys of 44 respondents (household heads, barangay officials, and Sangguniang Kabataan officers) and key informant interviews to document communication practices, sources of information, and community trust. Statistical analysis revealed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.843, p < 0.001) between comprehension and compliance, highlighting the critical role of understanding in disaster response. Findings also show that traditional communication channels, such as barangay announcements and personal networks, remain central, while political uncertainty can indirectly undermine trust and affect message adherence. Youth participation via SK initiatives contributes to information dissemination but requires enhanced resources and training. This study contributes novel insights by integrating statistical evidence, qualitative analysis, and political context to explain the dynamics of grassroots disaster communication. Policy recommendations include capacity-building, hybrid communication strategies, participatory governance, youth engagement, and integration of political risk into preparedness planning, aimed at enhancing resilience and adaptive capacity in local communities.

Food Security Politics And Economic Diplomacy: Kuningan Regency’S Sweet Potato Paradiplomacy In The Global Network, Diah Apriliani, Tom Finaldin, Salsabila Aulia Emelda

Jurnal Wacana Politik

This study analyzes the role of economic diplomacy in strengthening the global sweet potato network in Kuningan Regency from a political economy perspective. As the largest sweet potato producer in West Java with production of 108,496 tons in 2023, Kuningan has enormous potential that has not been optimally utilized for global network development. The research objectives are to analyze political dynamics in economic diplomacy implementation, identify political actors’ role in facilitating international market access, and formulate strategies for strengthening global networks. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study design, where data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with …

The Effect Of Billboard Content On The Electability Of Female Mayoral Candidates In Kendari City In 2024, Sirajuddin Sirajuddin, Dewi Anggraini, Nur Atnan, Sitti Harnia

Jurnal Wacana Politik

This study aims to analyze the effect of billboard content on the electability of female mayoral candidates in the 2024 Kendari City Regional Head Elections (Pilkada). The main issue underlying this study is the fact that every Pilkada in Kendari City always features female candidates, but they repeatedly experience defeat despite conducting political campaigns through various outdoor media, including billboards. The method used is a descriptive quantitative approach with simple random sampling technique and a total of 123 respondents. The independent variable in this study is billboard content, while the dependent variable is candidate electability. Data were collected through a …

Maturity-Onset Diabetes Of The Young (Mody) In A Racially/Ethnically Diverse Pediatric Population, Shilpi Relan, Guido Alarcon, Danielle Guffey, Charles G Minard, Mary E Fang, Kelly Timmons, Rona Y Sonabend, Mustafa Tosur, Maria J Redondo, Jennifer E Posey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Context: Current practice guidelines recommend considering a diagnosis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) in patients with diabetes with an affected parent but without typical features of type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To test if these criteria apply to a real-world cohort of racially/ethnically diverse children with diabetes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective case review of electronic medical records of youth diagnosed with MODY in a large academic pediatric hospital in Southwestern United States. Cases were ascertained based on the identification of a molecular diagnosis of MODY.

Results: We studied 50 genetically confirmed cases of MODY: 60% …

Prefatory Matter And Table Of Contents

University of Miami Law Review

No abstract provided.

Kualitas Semen Cair Dingin Domba Garut Pada Tiga Jenis Larutan Pengencer (Quality Of Garut Ram Chilled Semen In Three Types Of Semen Extenders), Yahya Hudy Rhoyan, Tita Damayanti Lestari, Rangga Setiawan

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Penggunaan pengencer dalam pengolahan semen domba Garut masih sangat terbatas di kalangan masyarakat, sehingga ketersediaan baik semen cair maupun semen beku masih sedikit. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan pengencer Tris susu sapi, Tris kuning telur, dan Tris sari kedelai terhadap daya tahan hidup dan abnormalitas spermatozoa domba Garut yang disimpan dalam suhu 5ºC. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu semen segar yang ditambahkan Tris susu sapi, Tris kuning telur, dan Tris sari kedelai dengan pengulangan masing-masing sebanyak 6 kali. Data dianalisis lebih …

Konsumsi Nutrien Ternak Kambing Yang Mendapatkan Hijauan Hasil Tumpangsari Arbila (Phaseolus Lunatus) Dengan Sorgum Sebagai Tanaman Sela Pada Jarak Tanam Arbila Dan Jumlah Baris Sorgum Yang Berbeda (Nutrient Feed Consumption Of Goats To Sorghum And Arbi, B. B Koten, R. Wea, R. D. Soetrisno, N Ngadiyono

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi konsumsi nutrien ternak kambing lokal jawa terhadap hijauan hasil pertanaman campuran legum arbila (Phaseolus lunatus)dengan sorgum pada jarak tanam arbila dan jumlah baris sorgum yang berbeda, telah dilaksanakan di kandang kambing individual selama 1 bulan, yang dirancang dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan 2 level jarak tanam arbila dan 3 level jumlah baris sorgum ditambah monokultur arbila dan sorgum, yang diulang 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah konsumsi nutrien dalam pakan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi nutrien tertinggi diperlihatkan oleh kambing yang mendapatkan hijauan yang dihasilkan oleh perlakuan jarak tanam arbila 120 …

Pengaruh Metode Pasteurisasi Dan Jenis Starter Yang Berbeda Terhadap Ph, Kadar Air Dan Total Solid Keju Lunak Susu Kambing Peranakan Ettawa (Effect Of Pasteurization Methods And Starter On Ph, Moisture And Total Solid Of Soft Cheese Of Peranakan Ettawa Go, Dian Rahmawati, Juni Sumarmono, Kusuma Widayaka

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Pemanasan susu dan jenis starter dapat mempengaruhi komposisi dan kualitas keju. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik pH, kadar air dan total solid keju lunak yang dihasilkan dengan metode pasteurisasi dan jenis starter yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Materi yang digunakan adalah 36 liter susu kambing, starter Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptocococus thermophilus serta rennet tablet. Perlakuan terdiri dari metode pasteurisasi yaitu High Temperature Short Time (HTST) dan Long Temperature Long Time (LTLT) serta starter tunggal Streptococcus termophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, dan starter campuran

keduanya (ganda). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Teknologi Hasil …

Identifikasi Dan Karakteristik Staphylococcus Sp. Dan Streptococcus Sp. Dari Infeksi Ovarium Pada Ayam Petelur Komersial (Identification And Characteristics Of Staphylococcus Sp. And Streptococcus Sp. Infection Of Ovary In Commercial Layers), Novianti Neliyani Toelle, Viktor Lenda

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Infeksi ovarium merupakan salah satu penyakit yang paling sering ditemukan pada ayam petelur menjelang periode betelur maupun selama masa produksi. Gangguan produksi telur dapat terjadi karena gangguan

perkembangan ovarium akibat gangguan pertumbuhan pada ayam, kerusakan ovarium atau akibat penyakit. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mengisolasi, mengidentifikasi, dan karakteristik bakteri penyebab infeksi ovarium pada ayam petelur komersial. Sejumlah 19 sampel ayam petelur komersial yang diperoleh dari tiga peternakan di wilayah Yogyakarta. Ovarium yang mengalami infeksi dikultur pada plat agar darah (PAD), kemudian diinkubasi pada suhu 37°C selama 18-24 jam. Setelah pengelompokkan koloni dilanjutkan pengecatan Gram. Gram positif bentuk kokus dilakukan uji katalase. …

Tingkat Fertilisasi Oosit Sapi Silangan Simmental Peranakan Ongole Secara In Vitro (In Vitro Fertilization Rate Of Bovine Simmental Ongole Crossbred Oocytes), Hermilinda Parera, Bambang Hadisutanto

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Salah satu program crossbreeding di Indonesia melalui inseminasi buatan (IB) menggunakan betina lokal Peranakan

Ongole (PO) disilangkan dengan Simmental, menghasilkan keturunan sapi Simmental Peranakan Ongole (SimPO) yang memiliki keunggulan bobot lahir tinggi dan pertumbuhan yang cepat. Sapi SimPO (Fenotip) F2 diduga mengalami penurunan performan reproduksi sehingga tingkat kebuntingan menjadi rendah. Keberhasilan kebuntingan dapat terjadi apabila oosit dapat terfertilisasi. Tujuan dari penelitianini untuk mengetahui tingkat fertilisasi secara in vitro pada oosit sapi SimPO. Oosit sapi dari ovarium yang berasal dari rumah pot\ong hewan (RPH), dikelompokkan berdasarkan jenis sapi PO (kontrol) dan SimPO. Oosit dengan kualitas A dan B yang digunakan dalam …

Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Peternakan Ayam Broiler Di Kecamatan Tapin Utara Kabupaten Tapin (Feasibility Analysis Of Broiler Chicken Farming At Tapin Utara Subdistrict, Tapin District), Achmad Jaelani, Suslinawati, Maslan

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan besarnya biaya, penerimaan, pendapatan dan kelayakan usaha peternakan ayam broiler di Kecamatan Tapin Utara. Data didapatkan dari wawancara dengan

10 orang peternak ayam broiler responden di kecamatan Tapin Utara, kabupaten Tapin. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis biaya dan R/C ratio. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa penerimaan total rata-rata adalah sebesar Rp. 56.833.250, total biaya tetap rata-rata adalah sebesar Rp. 3.235.706, sedangkan total biaya variabel

rata-rata adalah sebesar Rp. 44.208.250. Pendapatan rata-rata adalah sebesar Rp. 9.389.294. Usaha ternak ayam broiler di Kecamatan Tapin Utara telah memenuhi standar kelayakan usaha, dengan analisa R/C usaha peternak yang dijadikan …

Pengaruh Ekstrak Biji Mangga (Mangifera Indica) Sebagai Antioksidan Terhadap Cita Rasa Dan Daya Simpan Bakso (The Effect Of Mango Seed Extracts (Mangifera Indica) As Antioxidant On The Flavor And Shelf Life Of Meat Balls), Salam N. Aritonang, Yuherman, Tiara Nofita

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan ekstrak biji mangga terhadap cita rasa dan daya simpan bakso. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2500 g daging sapi bagian paha (otot Biceps femoris) dan ekstrak biji mangga (Mangifera indica) varieta s mangga Arumanis Metoda penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah penambahan ekstrak biji mangga sebanyak 0% (A), 0,1% (B), 0,2% (C), 0,3% (D) dan 0,4% (E). Peubah yang diamati adalah cita rasa, bilangan TBA dan daya simpan bakso. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan ekstrak biji mangga dalam pembuatan bakso …

Pemanfaatan Feses Sapi Perah Menjadi Pupuk Cair Dengan Penambahan Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (Dairy Cattle Feces Use To Be With The Addition Of Liquid Fertilizer Saccharomyces Cerevisiae), Tb.Benito A.K, Yuli A.H., Eulis T.M, Ellin Harlia

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan mengetahui manfaat feses sapi perah menjadi pupuk cair

dengan penambahan Saccharomyces cerevisiae ditinjau dari kualitas pupuk cair yang dihasilkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen di laboratorium dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 perlakuan dan 6 kali ulangan, yaitu P1= penambahan 0,2% dosis Saccharomyces cerevisiae, P2 = penambahan 0,4% dosis Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan P3 = penambahan

0,6% dosis Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan, data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan uji Duncan. Peubah yang diamati kandungan N, P2O5, K2O pada pupuk cair. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa …

Analisis Biaya Transaksi Peternak Sapi Perah : Studi Kasus Pada Anggota Koperasi Di Kabupaten Kuningan Jawa Barat (Analysis Of Dairy Farmer’S Transactions Costs: A Case Study Of Cooperative Member In Kuningan, West Java), Cahyono, Nunung Nuryartono, Kuntjoro

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Dairy farmers are groups of people who face problems of low levels of well-being. General school of

thought (mainstream) views the problem of poverty is caused by low productivity factor. The use of productivity approach in solving the poverty problem of dairy farmers needs to be supplemented by another approaches in terms of non-productivity factors. This non-productivity approach which is rarel y

used is transaction cost approach. Starting from this, the study is carried out by transactions cost approach. This study specifically aims to analyze the structure of the cost transaction and the factors leading to the emergence of transaction …

Power, Privilege, And Perceptions: A Critical Case Study Of Ffa And Gsa Members’ High School Experiences In A Southern Rural High School, Eric Moser, Stacy Vincent, Rebekah Epps

Journal of Queer and Trans Studies in Education

There is an urgent need to address the rampant homophobic and transphobic systems and rhetoric in the United States. School cultures reflect the systemic privileging of heterosexual and cisgender identities, which places queer students at an increased risk of victimization and harassment. Rural schools have been found to uphold heteronormative and cisnormative cultures more than suburban and urban schools, which increases safety concerns for rural queer students. Rural schools commonly offer school-based agricultural education (SBAE) and FFA programs, which have been found to struggle in their inclusion of racial minority students. To combat hostile school cultures, many schools offer a …

Beyond The Bathroom: Systemic Barriers To Trans Student Success, Andrew Leclair

Journal of Queer and Trans Studies in Education

At the intersection of educational inequity and systemic marginalization, transgender youth face some of their greatest obstacles upon walking through the schoolhouse door—ranging from legislative attacks and gender negation to denied facility access and pervasive bullying. In rural K-12 public schools—where populations are often smaller, more demographically homogenous, and vie for more socially conservative policies—trans youth are particularly vulnerable. Within this context, this piece centers the experiences of transgender students in rural K-12 public schools—highlighting the sociocultural dynamics and systemic barriers that continue to marginalize them within the United States education system today. Through a blend of literature synthesis and …