Digital Commons Network^™

Association Of Frenal Attachment Morphology With Orthodontic And Esthetic Outcomes: A Systematic Review, Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti, Radhika Thakkar, Vijaya Lakshmi Pavani Molli, Digvijaysinh Parmar, Abhishek Jahagirdar, Subramanya Shetty M

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science

Background: Although individual studies have investigated the clinical significance of frenal attachments, no recent systematic review has comprehensively synthesized the evidence regarding the association between frenal attachment morphology, orthodontic treatment considerations, and esthetic outcomes. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to address this knowledge gap.
Methods: Electronic database searches were conducted through December 31, 2025, and studies published between January 2014 and December 2025 were eligible for inclusion.Eligible observational and clinical studies reporting orthodontic or esthetic outcomes associated with frenal attachment morphology were included. Study selection, data extraction, and CASP-based quality assessments were performed independently by two reviewers. Twelve studies …

Enhanced Biocompatibility Of An Orthodontic Adhesive Modified With Hydroxyapatite Derived From Asian Moon Scallop (Amusium Pleuronectes) Shells, Gufa B. Pamungkas, Eddy H. Habar, Maria Tanumihardja, Rasmidar Samad, Stang Stang, Eka Erwansyah, Nurlindah Hamrun

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science

Objective: This study aimed to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HAp) derived from Asian moon scallop (Amusium pleuronectes) shells, characterize its physicochemical properties, and evaluate its biocompatibility when incorporated into an orthodontic adhesive.
Materials and Methods: Calcium oxide was obtained by calcining Amusium pleuronectes shells and used as a precursor for hydroxyapatite synthesis via a wet chemical precipitation method. The resulting powder was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The synthesized hydroxyapatite was incorporated into an orthodontic adhesive at 2 wt% as the experimental group, whereas the unmodified adhesive …

Analysis Of Nasopalatine Canal Shape And Dimensions At Hasanuddin University Dental Hospital Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Dian Handayani, Fadhlil U.A. Rahman, Kezia R. Mustakim, Dwi P. Wulansari, Barunawaty Yunus

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science

Objectives: Variations in the shape and dimensions of the nasopalatine canal (NPC) may influence clinical planning and increase the risk of complications such as neurovascular injury, hemorrhage, and implant failure. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables accurate three-dimensional visualization of NPC morphology. The present study aimed to analyze differences in NPC shape and size according to age and gender using CBCT.
Material and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study included 259 CBCT scans of patients aged 18–60 years obtained from Hasanuddin University Dental Hospital between 2022 and 2025. NPC morphology was evaluated in sagittal, coronal, and axial planes, while dimensional measurements included …

Medical Debt Among Low-Wage Workers In The United States: Reason To Worry And Reason To Hope, Mathieu Despard, Stephen Roll, Eva Stahl, Camila Salvagno

Center for Social Development Research

With one in five low-wage workers reporting medical or dental debt they cannot afford to pay, financial assistance programs (also known as charity care) are an important resource. Federal law requires nonprofit hospitals to offer such programs, but evidence suggests that workers experience administrative burdens in learning about and applying for the assistance. Drawing upon data from the Workforce Economic Inclusion and Mobility (WEIM) survey, this brief presents findings on associations between the characteristics of low-wage workers and their experiences with financial assistance programs. The brief also shares examples of how hospital policies and patients’ needs may not align, presenting …

A Micro-Computed Tomographic Evaluation Of Root Canal Isthmuses In Maxillary And Mandibular First Molars Of A Black South African Population, Casper Jonker, Anna Catherina Oettlé

Peninsula Dental School

Objective:To evaluate root canal isthmuses in maxillary and mandibular first molars of Black South Africans usingmicro-computed tomography.Methods:The prevalence, location (root third) and type of isthmuses were recorded on 93 maxillary and 84mandibular first molars from 116 skeletonized individuals. Associations with arch side, sex and age were examined bychi-squared test, with strength of association given as the bias-adjusted Cramér’s V and 95% confidence interval (CI).Reliability used percentage agreement and Cohen’s kappa (κ) coefficient.Results:Intra- and inter-observer agreement were excellent: 96.73% (κ= 0.90) and 97.78% (κ= 0.95) for themaxillary teeth and 94.12% (κ= 0.75) and 96.08% (κ= 0.94) for the mandibular teeth. Apical …

Waste Heat Driven Direct Contact Membrane Desalination Coupled With Reverse Brayton Cycle: Techno-Economic Analysis And Multi-Objective Optimization, Erfan Ghamati, Mehdi Khiadani, Barun K. Das

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This research examines the integration of a reverse Brayton cycle (RBC) used in a hydrogen liquefaction plant with a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) system for waste heat recovery and freshwater production. Waste heat from RBC compressors is used to run the DCMD plant, with parametric analysis evaluating the effect of feed Reynolds number, permeate mass flow rate, module length and pinch temperature of heat exchangers on thermal and economic performance of the hybrid system. Both parallel and series multi-stage DCMD configurations are compared with higher feed and permeate flow rates enhancing the temperature polarisation coefficient and permeate flux. A …

Technical Disclosure Specification: The Spectral Synapse Protocol (Ssp) For Trans-Linguistic Machine-To-Machine Register Meshes (Spec-166), Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure specifies the architectural topology, hardware compiler parameters, and math-native protocols for an integrated, semantic-to-spectral computing engine. Current multi-agent architectures operate within a high-overhead paradigm where decentralized processing nodes communicate internally via tokenized natural language strings ("speech"). This design introduces extreme latency, high token consumption, and systemic vulnerability to semantic prompt injection exploits.

The Spectral Synapse Protocol (SSP) eliminates this communicative overhead by segregating human text processing exclusively to the peripheral ingress/egress boundary gates. The internal processing mesh operates at full-throttle hardware speeds by utilizing a non-linguistic, sub-2-bit ternary state mapping system ("the brain"). This specification defines the linear …

Technical Disclosure Specification: The Complementary Bi-Node Isospectral Flow Matrix (Cb-Ifm) For Coherent State Reconstruction In Non-Isolated Exascale Architectures (Spec-165), Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure specifies the architectural topology, mathematical framework, and physical execution layer for a self-contained, complementary bi-node intelligence architecture. Traditional distributed processing systems suffer from state-space fragmentation, latency-induced phase drift, and thermodynamic decoherence when scaling across high-dimensional variable fields. The Complementary Bi-Node Isospectral Flow Matrix (CB-IFM) resolves these constraints by establishing two asymmetric, structurally coupled processing nodes—Node-Alpha (Stochastic Divergence Engine) and Node-Beta (Deterministic Convergence Governor)—operating across a non-commutative translation boundary.

By utilizing continuous unitary transformations to maintain isospectral invariance across both systems, the architecture ensures that open-ended exploratory computation can occur simultaneously with rigorous axiomatic validation without inducing state drift …

Technical Disclosure Specification: The Resonant Piezo-Kinetic Mesh Transceiver Array (Rpk-Mta) For Non-Line-Of-Sight Substrate Commons Telemetry, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification details the design requirements, acoustofluidic coupling equations, and hardware transceiver interface maps for the Resonant Piezo-Kinetic Mesh Transceiver Array (RPK-MTA). The system establishes a completely open-access, non-RF dependent communication infrastructure designed to link decentralized communities, off-grid agricultural cooperatives, and emergency response clusters completely outside centralized telecommunications monopolies. While corporate cartels focus on securing absolute data chokepoints across orbital networks and cellular infrastructure, this document establishes permanent, un-patentable public domain prior art for a physical-layer communications substrate that operates through low-frequency acoustic solitons modulated directly into municipal water matrices and solid-state subterranean lithology.

By adapting the data-routing logic originally …

Technical Disclosure Specification: The Non-Linear Acoustic Phase-Lock Governor (Napl-G) For Open-Access Fluid Energy Harvesting Interfaces, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification details the design requirements, physical coupling equations, and edge-computed automation profiles for the Non-Linear Acoustic Phase-Lock Governor (NAPL-G). The architecture establishes an open-access, un-patentable control topology designed to protect stationary, localized alternative energy installations (such as run-of-river and municipal hydro-acoustic energy hubs) from structural failure driven by chaotic non-linear wave amplification. Recent fluid-mechanics research validates that non-linear coupling between acoustic-gravity modes and free-surface water waves enables massive energy exchange via resonant triad interactions. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

However, under unconstrained high-flow conditions, this triad coupling scales exponentially, causing runaway pressure peaks …

Anamorphic State Reconstruction Via Deterministic Symbolic Seeding In Disaggregated Inference Runtimes, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

Modern distributed inference architectures increasingly separate computing topologies into disaggregated Prefill (compute-bound) and Decode (memory-bandwidth-bound) nodes to maximize hardware efficiency. However, this decoupling introduces a severe operational bottleneck: the physical transmission of high-dimensional Key-Value (KV) cache tensors across the interconnect fabric layer during context handoffs or dynamic tool-calling forks. This paper introduces a zero-bandwidth state synchronization method that mitigates physical I/O serialization delays. Instead of transmitting raw multi-gigabyte float/int KV matrices over hardware interconnects, we serialize a compressed, deterministic symbolic vector—an Anamorphic Semantic Seed (\(\Psi \)). The target Decode node then utilizes a localized coordinate generation template to reconstruct the …

A Study On Alternative Calendar Design Reflecting Non-Standard Life Rhythms: Reclaiming Time Sovereignty Through The Deconstruction Of Weekly Habitus (비표준 생활 리듬을 반영한 대안 달력 디자인 연구: 순활), You Kyoung Moon

Defensive Publications Series

This study begins from the premise that the standard seven-day calendar, epitomized by the structure of five working days and two days of rest, is not a natural temporal order but a social convention shaped by religious traditions, political institutions, and the labor systems of modern capitalism. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of habitus, the study introduces the concept of “Day-of-the-Week Habitus” to describe the unconscious internalization of standardized weekday discipline in everyday life. The study seeks to examine how this habitus may be recognized and challenged, and to explore the possibility of restoring time sovereignty through alternative calendar design. …

Caldwell Corn Husk Geotextile Erosion Control Mat (Ch-Gecm-1.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This document discloses a complete, open process for manufacturing a biodegradable erosion control mat (ECM) from corn husk fiber (Zea mays L.) bound with a starch-PVA composite adhesive, reinforced with a jute or coir stitching net, and formed into a rolled product for hillslope and channel erosion protection. The mat is designed for 6–18 months of field service during vegetation establishment, after which it fully biodegrades. The process uses no toxic resins, no synthetic polymers in the parent mat (netting is optional), and is buildable at small scale with basic workshop equipment. All parameters, ratios, temperatures, pressures, and test protocols …

Project Abyss-Shield: Autonomous, Sub-Oceanic Trench-And-Lid Infrastructure Networks For Hardened Sovereign Energy And Telemetry Lifelines, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

Modern transoceanic telecommunication and energy grids are fundamentally exposed. Laid directly on the soft sediment of the open seabed, standard fiber-optic lines and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) cables are highly vulnerable to commercial anchor dragging, deep-sea trawler nets, and targeted, state-backed maritime interdiction. Project ABYSS-SHIELD establishes a paradigm shift in maritime security by replacing passive, exposed lines with an autonomous, self-defending, sub-surface trench-and-lid corridor. Utilizing pressure-equalized composite monuments, interlocking basalt armor slabs, active fluidic hydro-shear countermeasures, and distributed acoustic fiber-optic tripwires, this standalone framework renders clandestine underwater sabotage operations logistically and mechanically unviable without requiring any external planetary or surface …

Graduated Verifiable Autonomy Architecture (Gvaa), Volodymyr Kotegov

Defensive Publications Series

ES-1. Core Objective: This architecture document establishes strict, deterministic normative constraints for securing execution runtimes populated by autonomous AI agents. Rather than relying on the statistical, inherently non-deterministic alignment of neural network weights, GVAA shifts the entire security perimeter to structural containment. It enforces rigid barriers across the execution runtime, host operating system resources, and boundary communication channels.

ES-2. Engineering Metrics & Feasibility: Deploying the baseline implementation configuration (Minimal Profile) requires an engineering overhead of 2 to 6 weeks on a standard production infrastructure (Linux, WebAssembly, LangGraph). The monitoring and verification infrastructure (Invariant Core) introduces a latency penalty of less …

Architectural Specification For Localized Sub-2-Bit Ternary Model Execution Engines On Mobile System-On-Chip Unified Silicon Architecture (Project Caltrop), Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure specifies a structural, production-ready implementation of an entirely localized, air-gapped, zero-telemetry Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) inference runtime engine. The system is engineered to execute within user-space memory on handheld unified memory System-on-Chip (SoC) microarchitectures, specifically optimizing for the Apple A19 Pro 3nm (N3P) fabric featuring a 16-core Neural Engine and 12 GB of LPDDR5X unified RAM. By enforcing a sub-2-bit ternary weight constraint $W \in \{-1, 0, 1\}$ via BitNet binarization scaling matrix math, this architecture entirely eliminates floating-point General Matrix Multiply (GEMM) hardware dependencies. General matrix operations are instead executed via raw integer bit-shifts and basic accumulator …

Three-Strip Intercropping System For Heat Stress Reduction In Field Corn: (Version 2) Complete Research & Implementation Protocol, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This protocol describes a three-strip intercropping system combining field corn, sorghum-sudangrass shade strips (12–15 ft), and perennial wildflower predator habitat strips with white reflective mulch. The system provides simultaneous heat stress reduction (6–10°F leaf cooling on border rows), windbreak protection (5–15% yield increase across the entire corn strip), and conservation biological control (16–40% pest reduction) for dryland corn in the US Corn Belt. The pest control benefit is specifically activated by the intercrop configuration, and predator populations are sustained through heat events by the wildflower strip. The system requires no new hardware, no irrigation (though minimal irrigation during heat events …

Three-Strip Intercropping System For Heat Stress Reduction In Field Corn: A Complete Research & Implementation Protocol, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This protocol describes a three-strip intercropping system combining field corn, forage sorghum shade strips, and perennial wildflower predator habitat strips. The system provides simultaneous heat stress reduction (2–8°F leaf cooling), windbreak protection (5–15% yield increase), and conservation biological control (16–40% pest reduction) for dryland corn in the US Corn Belt. The pest control benefit is specifically activated by the intercrop configuration, and predator populations are sustained through heat events by the wildflower strip. The system requires no new hardware, no irrigation, and no proprietary technology. It can be implemented with existing combine, planter, and sprayer equipment. (This is a Large …

Bounded-Risk Agility Architecture (Braa), Volodymyr Kotegov

Defensive Publications Series

BRAA is an engineering and cyber-safety framework for autonomous intelligent systems operating under residual risk. Absolute determinism in stochastic Cognitive Cores is mathematically and empirically unattainable. The objective of BRAA is to keep residual operational risk bounded, measurable, observable, and economically controllable — not to promise its complete elimination.

The architecture is strictly Cognitive-Core-agnostic and infrastructure-agnostic. It treats the underlying inference engines (LLMs, VLMs, agentic loops) as untrusted, replaceable, and volatile components. It places all critical invariants, safety boundaries, and transition rules into a deterministic, immutable runtime environment (the Immutable Core) executed completely outside any prompt space or learned representation. …

Physical Modeling To Represent Molten-Slag Entrapment Behavior Into Molten-Steel Under Simultaneous Similitude Condition Of Multiple Dimensionless Numbers, Yuichi Tsukaguchi, Sho Nakano

Progress in Scale Modeling, an International Journal

Physical model construction and experiment are essential for scientific investigations of flow phenomena such as high temperature two phase flow of molten metal and inert gas. It has been a common method to construct a physical model with a convenient scale then proceed experiments under similitude condition of one or two dimensionless number(s) of dominant forces to represent. It is an ideal experimental method to satisfy the simultaneous similitude condition of multiple dimensionless numbers concerned with the objective flow phenomena but has been considered difficult or impossible to realize for many years. Contrarily, the concept of the simultaneous similitude of …

Finding The Numinous: An Ecocritical Look At “Dune” And “The Lord Of The Rings” (2025), By Willow Wilson Dipasquale, Douglas Charles Kane

Journal of Tolkien Research

Book review, by Douglas Charles Kane, of Finding the Numinous: An Ecocritical Look at “Dune” and “The Lord of the Rings” (2025), by Willow Wilson DiPasquale

Newsclipping, Fascist Wisdom

Eartha M. M. White Textual Material

News clipping: Partial article regarding fascism. Undated.

An Introduction To The History Of Medicine In Medical Education, Mary E. Horton Mph, Ma, Phd

History of Medicine Seminar

No abstract provided.

Effects Of A Filial Therapy Program On Gifted Children’S Self-Regulation And Academic Perseverance, Helin Yarcel, Fuat Tanhan

Journal of Educational Research and Practice

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a 10-session filial therapy program delivered to mothers on gifted children’s self-regulation and academic perseverance. Participants were 45 gifted students attending a Science and Art Center (Bilim ve Sanat Merkezi [BİLSEM]) in Eastern Türkiye and their mothers, who were randomly assigned to an experimental, placebo, or control group. Self-regulation and academic perseverance scales were administered as pre-test, post-test, and 6-week follow-up measures. Given the sample size, data were analyzed with non-parametric tests, including the Kruskal–Wallis H, Friedman, Wilcoxon signed-rank, and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results showed improvements in self-regulation …

Leveraging A Model Of Intergroup Competencies: A Reflexive Tool For Developing Diversity Leadership In Higher Education, Arig Al Shaibah

Journal of Educational Research and Practice

Despite, or perhaps precisely because of, the current partisan pushback against equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) efforts in Western higher education institutions, universities may be well served to renovate their approaches to leadership diversity development to build greater capacity for advancing mission-critical inclusion excellence priorities. This article describes a promising educational intervention that has broad applicability to more meaningfully develop leadership proficiencies that better enable the advancement of EDI goals in higher education. While individual diversity leadership development programming is a micro-level intervention, it could prove beneficial—though insufficient on its own—as a prerequisite for macro-level equity and inclusion policymaking and …

Plasma Vgf As A Predictive Biomarker For Early Acute Kidney Injury In Critically Ill Elderly Patients: A Combined Clinical And Mendelian Randomization Study, Xianyang Guo, Yu Hao, Rujie Chenn, Benji Wang, Shengwei Jin

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To assess whether VGF nerve growth factor inducible (VGF) can serve as a reliable predictor of acute kidney injury (AKI) among patients requiring intensive care.
Methods: We first conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the potential causal link between plasma VGF levels and AKI risk. Subsequently, 128 critically ill individuals admitted to our intensive care unit were prospectively enrolled. Within 24 hours of either hospital admission or clinical decline, both blood and urine specimens were obtained. We measured VGF concentrations in plasma and urine, along with plasma cystatin C (pCysC), plasma and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), …

Knowledge, Practice And Perceived Barriers Of Healthcare Provider Adherence To The Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (Ndss) In Government Hospitals And Primary Healthcare Centers In Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Moatasem F. Hakmi, Alaa Mathkour, Yousef Zahrani, Rayan I. Binduhayyim, Saad S. Alqahtani, Muhammad Z. Iqbal

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To assess and compare healthcare providers' understanding of the Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NDSS), alongside reported and perceived challenges, across public hospitals and primary healthcare centers in Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 10 January 2025 and 30 December 2025 among health care providers at Jazan hospitals and primary healthcare centers (PHCs) (n = 420). Data were collected via structured self-administered questionnaire that included the following sections: demographic data, knowledge of the NDSS, reporting practices, competency of the Health Electronic Surveillance Network (HESN) and perceived barriers. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to …

Cranial Mri In Girls With Central Precocious Puberty: Clinical Characteristics And Predictors Of Abnormal Findings, Fahad N. Al Juraibah, Mashael M. Alharbi, Reem D. Alharbi, Joud S. Albaraki, Sarah S. Aldharman, Hala A. Alghamdi, Nagarajkumar Yenugadhati, Abdullah I. Alhammad, Angham N. Almutair, Ibrahim A. Al Alwan

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To describe the clinical profile of girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) and determine the factors associated with abnormal cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.
Methods: This retrospective study included girls aged 8 years or younger with a diagnosis of CPP who received care at King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, between 2015 and 2023. Data on clinical presentation, biochemical results, imaging findings, and treatment were obtained from medical records. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine variables associated with MRI utilization and the occurrence of abnormal MRI findings.
Results: The cohort comprised 70 …

Thrombosis Rate And Risk Factors In Pediatric Patients With Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters, Ahmed A. Alabdulkarim, Abdullah I. Almojali, Tharaa S. Alhowaish, Dena S. Alsuhaibani, Norah I. Alshafi, Amin I. Alzahrani, Mohammed O. Alotaibi, Yousef A. Alghamdi, Hamad A. Alkhalaf

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To determine symptomatic thrombosis incidence in pediatric patients with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) and identify associated patient and procedure-related risk factors in a tertiary pediatric center in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, including patients aged 0–14 years who underwent PICC insertion in the Interventional Radiology department between January 2019 and June 2023. Data on demographics, comorbidities, procedural details, and outcomes were extracted from the electronic medical record system (BestCare). Symptomatic thrombosis was defined as Doppler-confirmed thrombosis with clinical signs. Associations were tested using …

Advancing Impact: A National Approach To Knowledge Translation In Saudi Arabia-The Saudi National Institute Of Health Experience, Maha M. Aleid, Manar A. Alharbi, Amal N. Almadouj, Ahmad I. Alrawaji, Lamia A. Alhaqbani, Fars K. Alanazi

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To present a reproducible national model for translating research findings into evidence-based clinical practice guidelines.
Methods: The Saudi National Institute of Health launched the initiative titled ``Transforming the Outcomes of Published Health Research into Medical Guidelines that Enhance Medical Practices to Improve the Quality of Human Health'' on February 3, 2025. The initiative aimed to identify and assess research outcomes published between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2024 across 6 predefined thematic tracks relevant to the Saudi population. Eligible publications were collected within one month after the submission portal opened. Following closure of portal, all submissions were evaluated …