Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 35701 - 35730 of 1731162

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

How Self-Talk Affects Performance Among Ncaa Division Iii Female Athletes, Micah Rabey, Briannah Mejias, Giana Hilliard, Cambryn Holloway, Matt Robinson, Kristen Mcalexander Feb 2026

How Self-Talk Affects Performance Among Ncaa Division Iii Female Athletes, Micah Rabey, Briannah Mejias, Giana Hilliard, Cambryn Holloway, Matt Robinson, Kristen Mcalexander

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Self-talk alters mental toughness, emotional control, and behavioral reactions, and can affect an athlete’s cognitive and psychological condition throughout training, competition, and practice. Few studies have examined the role of self-talk specifically among female athletes and no known study has measured its effects among female athletes at the NCAA Division III level. PURPOSE: Examine how NCAA Division III female student athletes describe the role of self-talk in their athletic performance and identify specific ways they perceive self-talk, its functions during training and competition, and its impact on focus, motivation, confidence, and overall performance. METHODS: In the Fall of 2025, modified …

Go to article

Bacterial Folliculitis In A Patient With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Melissa D. Long Feb 2026

Bacterial Folliculitis In A Patient With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Melissa D. Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: The patient is a 15-year-old female who plays volleyball and basketball with a medical history that includes a diagnosis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis at the age of eight. The patient’s chief complaint is a rash only on her legs and abdomen. She denies pain with the rash but admits that it has been active for about 4 weeks. The patient denies changing laundry detergents or contact with any new pets or plants. The patient admits to not showering after basketball practice because practice is during the first period of the school day, and time does not allow …

Go to article

Acute Effects Of Carbon Fiber Plate Insoles On Drop-Jump Performance And Force Characteristics In Recreationally Trained Adults, Becca Henicke, Boram Lim Feb 2026

Acute Effects Of Carbon Fiber Plate Insoles On Drop-Jump Performance And Force Characteristics In Recreationally Trained Adults, Becca Henicke, Boram Lim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Carbon fiber plate insoles (CFPI) are designed to increase footwear stiffness and may improve elastic energy utilization during human locomotion. However, most research has focused on CFPI effects in running and sprinting, particularly endurance running, with limited evidence examining their impact on plyometric performance that relies heavily on the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC), a key mechanism underlying many sports movements.  Because SSC involves a rapid eccentric-to-concentric transition that stores and releases elastic energy, the drop jump provides a practical model to assess SSC efficiency with and without CFPI. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of CFPI on SSC efficiency and jump …

Go to article

Relationships Between Autonomic Dysfunction In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus And Circulating Sex Hormones In Male Rats, Arianna Lopez, Milena Samora, Ali Mossayebi, Maryam Zilaei Bouri, Lindsay Thompson, Elena Moralesgrahl, Dana Sheinhaus, Andrea Gore, Michelle L. Harrison, Audrey J. Stone Feb 2026

Relationships Between Autonomic Dysfunction In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus And Circulating Sex Hormones In Male Rats, Arianna Lopez, Milena Samora, Ali Mossayebi, Maryam Zilaei Bouri, Lindsay Thompson, Elena Moralesgrahl, Dana Sheinhaus, Andrea Gore, Michelle L. Harrison, Audrey J. Stone

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is associated with a temporal exaggerated exercise pressor reflex in rats. Previous studies suggest that T1D can alter sex hormones and that supplementation of sex hormones attenuates a normal exercise pressor reflex. PURPOSE: To determine circulating concentrations of sex hormones, specifically estradiol (E), progesterone (P4), and testosterone (T), during different stages of T1D and compare those findings to the exercise pressor reflex evoked by the same male rats. METHODS: Experiments were performed in male Sprague-Dawley T1D (induced via streptozotocin (STZ)) or healthy rats (n= 39). Terminal experiments were conducted at 1-week (early) …

Go to article

Ncaa Division Iii Athletes’ Perceptions Of Impactful Peer Leadership​, Gabriel Palacios, Andrea Eckermann, Justin Gooden, Caden Battenfield, Matthew Robinson, Kristen Mcalexander Feb 2026

Ncaa Division Iii Athletes’ Perceptions Of Impactful Peer Leadership​, Gabriel Palacios, Andrea Eckermann, Justin Gooden, Caden Battenfield, Matthew Robinson, Kristen Mcalexander

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

While sport leadership strongly influences team cohesion, motivation, and success, most research focuses on coaches rather than peer athletic leaders. PURPOSE: Explore common characteristics among peer athletic leaders and how they influence a team’s motivation and success. METHODS: In the Fall of 2025, modified questions from the Leadership Scale for Sport (LSS) and the Grit Scale-Original (GS-O), measuring leadership behaviors, leadership qualities, team dynamics, and the influence of peer leaders, were emailed to student athletes at a NCAA Division III University. RESULTS: Thirteen participants (M age= 20.15 years, SD=1.46 years) representing five sports (basketball N=8, cross country N=1, soccer N=1, …

Go to article

Effects Of Mandated Physical Activity Courses And Motivation To Exercise In Undergraduate College Students, Kyla L. Welch, Melissa D. Long Feb 2026

Effects Of Mandated Physical Activity Courses And Motivation To Exercise In Undergraduate College Students, Kyla L. Welch, Melissa D. Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physical education and physical activity play essential roles in both the education system and in the development of lifelong healthy habits. Regular physical activity, in conjunction with a well-balanced diet, can contribute to various physical and mental wellness benefits, particularly when supported from an educational standpoint that encourages practical application. However, overall physical activity levels and general health have declined in the past several decades. This is especially concerning within the young adult population, including those attending university. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine various factors influencing exercise motivation and perceived physical and mental health in …

Go to article

Effects Of Acute Caffeine Ingestion On Reaction Time In Habitual And Low Caffeine Consumers: A Randomized Crossover Study, William T. Edwards, Melissa Long Feb 2026

Effects Of Acute Caffeine Ingestion On Reaction Time In Habitual And Low Caffeine Consumers: A Randomized Crossover Study, William T. Edwards, Melissa Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Maintaining alertness and focus throughout the day is essential for productivity and performance, which contributes to caffeine being one of the most widely used ergogenic aids in sports, with over 70% of athletes consuming it for competition. Caffeine stimulates the central nervous system by blocking adenosine receptors, which increases neurotransmitter activity and enhances response time and alertness. However, habitual consumption may reduce its acute benefits through tolerance. PURPOSE: This study investigated whether acute caffeine ingestion affects reaction time differently in habitual versus low caffeine consumers. METHODS: Ten participants (7 males, 3 females, aged 18-40 years) completed two sessions in a …

Go to article

Correlations Between Lower Body Plyometrics And Sprint Speed, Andrew Burnett, Casi Helbig Feb 2026

Correlations Between Lower Body Plyometrics And Sprint Speed, Andrew Burnett, Casi Helbig

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Speed and power are attributes that every athlete strives to improve. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine which of four plyometric tests correlated to sprint speed. METHODS: The subjects were 37 Texas Lutheran University baseball players. Participants performed a vertical jump, broad jump, triple broad jump, and 4-jump vertical test along with a thirty-yard sprint. Before each test, the subjects were put through the same dynamic warmup that was created by the experimenter. A vertical jump mat was used to measure both the vertical jump and the four jump vertical test. The vertical jump test …

Go to article

Asic3 In Skeletal Muscle Contributes To The Exaggerated Exercise Pressor Reflex In Type 1 Diabetic Rats, Ali Mossayebi, Peter Niehaus, Ariana N. Lopez, Michelle L. Harrison, Audrey J. Stone Feb 2026

Asic3 In Skeletal Muscle Contributes To The Exaggerated Exercise Pressor Reflex In Type 1 Diabetic Rats, Ali Mossayebi, Peter Niehaus, Ariana N. Lopez, Michelle L. Harrison, Audrey J. Stone

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) experience exaggerated blood pressure responses during exercise. Acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3), expressed on thinly myelinated afferents, contributes to the exercise pressor reflex under healthy conditions and is implicated in T1D-related neuropathy. Although it has been shown that pharmacological blockade of ASIC3 attenuates the exercise pressor reflex in cardiovascular disease, its role in T1D remains unknown. PURPOSE:Investigate the role of ASIC3 in the exercise pressor reflex in T1D rats. We hypothesized that local blockade of ASIC3 in skeletal muscle would normalize the exaggerated reflex cardiovascular responses to static muscle contraction. METHODS: Adult male …

Go to article

A Clinical Teaching Of Tibial Stress Fractures, Jeremiah A. Camacho, Ethan Lewis, Lindsay Spindler, Chuck Ruot Feb 2026

A Clinical Teaching Of Tibial Stress Fractures, Jeremiah A. Camacho, Ethan Lewis, Lindsay Spindler, Chuck Ruot

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CLINICAL PRESENTATION & EXAM: Patients present pain and tenderness at a specific point on the leg that progresses in severity over a period of weeks to months. Most tibial stress fractures occur in the middle to lower one-third of the bone on the posterior-medial side, where compressive forces are the greatest. Pain may also be felt in the anterior region of the bone, which is under constant stress due to the activation of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. The pain is associated with an increase in impact activities such as running or jumping. Fractures tend to arise 8 to …

Go to article

The Effect Of White Willow Bark On Athletic Performance Recovery Following Resistance Training- A Pilot Study, Brandie C. Cheshier, Bert H. Jacobson, John Shireman Feb 2026

The Effect Of White Willow Bark On Athletic Performance Recovery Following Resistance Training- A Pilot Study, Brandie C. Cheshier, Bert H. Jacobson, John Shireman

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Athletic performance is often hindered by the detrimental effects of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). DOMS is discomfort that occurs within 8-24hrs and peaks within 24-72 hrs. following unaccustomed and or high-intensity exercise. White willow bark (WWB) is a nutritional supplement that is believed to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties but without the risk of adverse GI effects. PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to determine if WWB attenuates DOMS soreness and preserves athletic performance. METHODS: Twenty-five healthy adults were randomly assigned to 798 mg oral WWB (salicin) per day (n=11) or placebo (n=14) for 5 days …

Go to article

How Do Firefighters Differ Between Years Of Fire Service Experience: Part 3 – Blood Biomarker Profiles, Jonah C. White, Michael Conner, Jacob A. Mota, Payton Miller, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Drew E. Gonzalez Feb 2026

How Do Firefighters Differ Between Years Of Fire Service Experience: Part 3 – Blood Biomarker Profiles, Jonah C. White, Michael Conner, Jacob A. Mota, Payton Miller, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Drew E. Gonzalez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Firefighters (FF) face a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to aging, job-related stress, and irregular physical activity. Years of experience (YXP) in the fire service have been shown to have a unique impact on FF health and performance; however, profiling the differences between those with less or more YXP has not yet been assessed. PURPOSE: To examine YXP-related differences in conventional blood cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk biomarkers among firefighters. METHODS: Archival data from annual clinical testing of 142 male firefighters were analyzed (33.4±8.6 years; 29.3±4.1 kg/m2; 38.8±6.9 mL/kg/min). Groups were defined as those with <5 YXP and >5 YXP. …

Go to article

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Baili Deaver, Joseph Friederich, Chuck Ruot, Lindsay Spindler Feb 2026

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Baili Deaver, Joseph Friederich, Chuck Ruot, Lindsay Spindler

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CLINICAL PRESENTATION & EXAM: The primary characteristic of this condition is anterior patellar pain that worsens when the knee is put in a flexed, weight-bearing position. Patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) typically experience pain or stiffness during prolonged periods of sitting or when the patient descends stairs. Some of the most common forms of examination include examining a patient's gait, posture, and footwear. The patient should be asked about their current activity level, previous knee surgery or injuries, and recent changes in activity. Occasionally, knee buckling may occur due to weakness or pain in the quadriceps, resulting in …

Go to article

Occupational Intensity And Bone Mineral Density In Premenopausal Women, Ashlyn R. Dooley, Elizabeth Y. Vezzetti, Jaden M. Nelson, Ryan R. Porter, Shannon A. Matthews Feb 2026

Occupational Intensity And Bone Mineral Density In Premenopausal Women, Ashlyn R. Dooley, Elizabeth Y. Vezzetti, Jaden M. Nelson, Ryan R. Porter, Shannon A. Matthews

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is measured through DEXA scans and shows the concentration of minerals in a volume of bone area which is used as an indicator for fracture, osteopenia, and osteoporosis risk. Women who are in the peri and post-menopausal phase are at higher risk of bone related issues due to the hormonal profile changes. BMD can be remodeled by continual loading of stress from mechanics, posture, and movement patterns, usually and most effectively by physical activity (PA). While PA is generally prescribed to increase BMD, occupation often accounts for a substantial portion of an individual’s daily activity. The …

Go to article

Influence Of Aging And Exercise On Immune Blood Cells And Muscle Strength In Female Rats, Advait V. Dadi Jr, Dillon Harris, Quinten Pigg, Daniela Sayuri Inoue, Mariana Janini Gomes Feb 2026

Influence Of Aging And Exercise On Immune Blood Cells And Muscle Strength In Female Rats, Advait V. Dadi Jr, Dillon Harris, Quinten Pigg, Daniela Sayuri Inoue, Mariana Janini Gomes

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Aging is associated with alterations in immune cell profiles and declines in skeletal muscle function, which together contribute to increased vulnerability to disease and functional impairment. While aerobic exercise is known to improve muscle function and immune health, the effects of initiating exercise later in life, particularly in females, remain poorly understood. PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of aging and late-life aerobic training on blood cell counts and forelimb grip strength in female rats. METHODS: 20 female Fisher 344 rats were assigned into three experimental groups: Young (Y, 3 months (y, n = 6), Old (O, 21 …

Go to article

Comparing The Effects Of Acute Participation In Target Practice Versus Active Shooter Virtual Reality Training On Stress Biomarkers, Annelise N. Gaitan, Ashlyn S. Dearman, Lipika Shakya, Hunter Martaindale, Matthew J. Mcallister Feb 2026

Comparing The Effects Of Acute Participation In Target Practice Versus Active Shooter Virtual Reality Training On Stress Biomarkers, Annelise N. Gaitan, Ashlyn S. Dearman, Lipika Shakya, Hunter Martaindale, Matthew J. Mcallister

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Active-shooter events represent extreme stressors that can trigger significant physiological stress responses. Virtual reality (VR) enables these threats to be simulated safely and consistently, allowing investigation of stress biomarker patterns over time. PURPOSE: This preliminary study examined differences in physiological and subjective stress responses during acute virtual reality (VR) training between target practice (TP) and active shooter (AS) groups, to determine whether training mode influences physiological and subjective stress biomarkers. METHODS: Thirty participants were randomly assigned to a control (TP) or experimental (AS) group and completed a high-stress VR simulation. The TP group was instructed to shoot targets …

Go to article

Effect Of Lower Leg Compression On Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, Kassady N. Salazar, John D. Smith Feb 2026

Effect Of Lower Leg Compression On Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, Kassady N. Salazar, John D. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Compression therapy, particularly in the form of compression boots, has a longstanding history in both clinical and athletic settings as a method to enhance circulation and promote recovery. PURPOSE: To examine the effectiveness of pneumatic air compression therapy in reducing delated onset muscle soreness (DOMS). METHODS: Participants (n=24, age=22.7±5.3 yrs, ht=165.3±11.9 cm, wt=74.7±14.2 kg) performed a set of calf raises to exhaustion on a riser in front of a Smith machine at 70 repetitions per minutes while holding a dumbbell (males = 10 lbs, females = 5 lbs). After a 2-minute break, this was again performed but without the …

Go to article

Preliminary Data On The Effect Of Exercise Time Of Day In Sedentary Young Adult Females, Autum Andrusick, Julia Martin, Robyn T. Whitehead, Malcolm T. Whitehead Feb 2026

Preliminary Data On The Effect Of Exercise Time Of Day In Sedentary Young Adult Females, Autum Andrusick, Julia Martin, Robyn T. Whitehead, Malcolm T. Whitehead

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Research studies investigating the time of day that individuals engage in exercise have not specifically targeted sedentary females or their preferred time of day to engage in exercise. Previously published studies have implemented cohorts that include both males and females and/or have focused on hormonal influences and daily patterns. Perceived energy and activation levels (for example: active, calm, and sleepy) have yet to be investigated as determinants of exercise time of day preference factors. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to determine if exercise time of day effects mood in sedentary adult females. METHODS: Eight females aged 23 ± …

Go to article

Does Perceived Competence And Practice Type Influence Motor Performance In Softball Pitchers Developing A New Pitch Type?, Anthony W. Fava, Matthew Miller, Emily Sauers, Gretchen Oliver Feb 2026

Does Perceived Competence And Practice Type Influence Motor Performance In Softball Pitchers Developing A New Pitch Type?, Anthony W. Fava, Matthew Miller, Emily Sauers, Gretchen Oliver

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Competence-based motivation frameworks use perceived self-confidence (PSC) to explain performance outcomes. Although PSC has been associated with improved performance on fundamental motor skills, PSC can also be task specific and may change depending on particular contexts within a sport. PURPOSE: To assess whether PSC influenced motor performance in softball pitchers developing a new pitch type under two different practice types. METHODS: Fifty adolescent-aged softball pitchers participated. Pitchers were randomly assigned into two practice types: Constraints-led Approach (CLA), (14.9±1.2y,64.8±10.1kg,1.69±0.1m), and Traditional (Trad), (14.5±1.0y, 65.4±11.4kg, 1.67±0.1m). Recruited pitchers indicated the drop ball (DB) was not their ‘go-to’ pitch nor was …

Go to article

Jones Fracture, Chloe Birnbaum, Maryn Campbell, Lindsay Spindler, Chuck Ruot Feb 2026

Jones Fracture, Chloe Birnbaum, Maryn Campbell, Lindsay Spindler, Chuck Ruot

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CLINICAL PRESENTATION & EXAM: The Jones Fracture can present to physicians as an ankle sprain and is more common in individuals with high arches. Depending on the severity of the fracture, the patient may experience tenderness to touch, discoloration and swelling, and difficulty walking. During a physical examination, the patient may recall the moment of trauma or pain in the area where the fracture ultimately occurs. A patient will complain of sudden, sharp pain on the outside of the foot during physical activity. ANATOMY & PATHOLOGY: The Jones Fracture is a fracture of the fifth metatarsal, named by Sir …

Go to article

Effect Of Lower Leg Air Compression On Systemic Blood Pressure, Kimberly Livingston, John D. Smith Feb 2026

Effect Of Lower Leg Air Compression On Systemic Blood Pressure, Kimberly Livingston, John D. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Given the critical role of blood pressure monitoring in clinical settings and the widespread use of compression therapy, it is important to clarify whether and how leg compression devices influence blood pressure. PURPOSE: To examine blood pressure and heart rate responses to intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC). METHODS: Participants (n=21, age=24.3±8.0 yrs, ht=164.1±7.4 cm, wt=69.5±15.2 kg) reclined on a chair and rested for 5 minutes after which blood pressure and heart rate was measured using an Omron automatized device. An air compression therapy boot was used on the right and left legs using a circulation mode on the maximum setting for …

Go to article

Association Between Habitual Sleep Duration Variability And Cardiovascular Reactivity To Mental Stress, Anjana Chepur, Jeremy A. Bigalke, Jason R. Carter Feb 2026

Association Between Habitual Sleep Duration Variability And Cardiovascular Reactivity To Mental Stress, Anjana Chepur, Jeremy A. Bigalke, Jason R. Carter

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Nightly variability in sleep duration is an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk, yet the physiological mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Few investigations have focused on whether variability in habitual sleep duration influences autonomic and cardiovascular responses to acute stress. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether habitual variability in nightly sleep duration predicts autonomic and cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychosocial stress, as measured by blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rate variability (HRV) changes during the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). We hypothesized that individuals with greater sleep duration variability would exhibit exaggerated autonomic and cardiovascular …

Go to article

Basal Inflammation Modifies Neuroendocrine And Immune Stress Responses To Live Fire Training In Firefighters, Jordyn Chovanetz, Michael Conner, Steven E. Martin, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez Feb 2026

Basal Inflammation Modifies Neuroendocrine And Immune Stress Responses To Live Fire Training In Firefighters, Jordyn Chovanetz, Michael Conner, Steven E. Martin, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Firefighting activities trigger strong physiological stress responses, activating neuroendocrine and immune pathways. Yet little is known about how basal levels of inflammation influence the response to the demands of live-fire training evaluation (LFTE). PURPOSE: This study examined the difference of a firefighters’ (FFs) physiological stress responses by their basal inflammation level during an LFTE using an assumption-driven analytical approach to account for missing data. METHODS: Seventy-six FFs completed an LFTE. Salivary biosamples were taken before, immediately after, and 30 min post-LFTE, then analyzed for α-amylase (sAA), cortisol (sCORT), and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA). FFs were grouped by their …

Go to article

The Effects Of Cold-Water Immersion On Student-Athletes’ Physical, Mental, And Emotional Recovery, Jose M. Rastrojo Llatas, Ritse Vaes, Melissa D. Long Feb 2026

The Effects Of Cold-Water Immersion On Student-Athletes’ Physical, Mental, And Emotional Recovery, Jose M. Rastrojo Llatas, Ritse Vaes, Melissa D. Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Recovery plays a key role in helping athletes stay consistent, avoid injuries, and perform well. Cold-water immersion (CWI) has become one of the most common recovery methods, usually involving briefly placing the body in 10–15ºC water after intense exercise. Many athletes use it to reduce soreness and inflammation, but research on how its effectiveness remains mixed. Some studies show clear physical and mental benefits, while others suggest the effects are small or depend on individual factors like sex, genetics, or training goals. Because results vary, it is important to understand how athletes feel after using CWI. PURPOSE: The purpose …

Go to article

Correlation Between Increased Heart Rate And Marksmanship In Police Cadets, Devon K. Tankersley, Hussien Jabai, Michael D. Oldham, Brian Jones, Brinley Lollar Feb 2026

Correlation Between Increased Heart Rate And Marksmanship In Police Cadets, Devon K. Tankersley, Hussien Jabai, Michael D. Oldham, Brian Jones, Brinley Lollar

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Police officers often encounter high-stress situations requiring physical exertion immediately followed by accurate firearms performance. Understanding how elevated heart rate (HR) influences marksmanship may help inform training practices and standards for cadets. PURPOSE: The study was designed to determine whether a correlation exists between increased HR and short-distance marksmanship in police academy cadets. METHODS: Nineteen cadets (17 male and 2 female) completed two marksmanship trials at 3 m. Each participant first completed a baseline test involving 10 rounds fired without prior physical exertion, using a standard laser training cartridge and Mantis Laser Academy application. Participants then performed a …

Go to article

Effects Of Nicotine Containing Juul E-Cigarette Vapor On Treadmill-Trained Rats’ Aerobic Fitness, Nicole C. Metzger, Raghav D. Sharma Feb 2026

Effects Of Nicotine Containing Juul E-Cigarette Vapor On Treadmill-Trained Rats’ Aerobic Fitness, Nicole C. Metzger, Raghav D. Sharma

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are often used as an alternative to traditional smoking, but their effects on physical fitness, especially during exercise, are not fully understood. PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine whether repeated exposure to nicotine-containing JUUL vapor affects aerobic exercise training and performance in male Long Evans rats. METHODS: Adult male Long Evans rats (n=12) underwent an 8-week progressive treadmill training program. After 4-weeks of treadmill training (pre-exposure), the rats were divided into two groups: one exposed to JUUL vapor for 10 minutes daily (5 days/week) and a control group exposed only to air. All rats completed running …

Go to article

Effect Of Walking With Weighted Vest On Gait Mechanics And Energy Expenditure, Nicholas Becerra, John D. Smith Feb 2026

Effect Of Walking With Weighted Vest On Gait Mechanics And Energy Expenditure, Nicholas Becerra, John D. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Weighted vests are used in many different types of exercises to increase difficulty/intensity. The distribution of weight matters when it comes to performance (Gerhart et al. 2020), and if weight is not distributed properly, then balance may be affected, thereby changing gait and further increasing energy expenditure. Others have also suggested increasing the load of the weighted vest can decrease pH level within the body (Martínez-Noguera, et al. 2024), however it is unclear is changes in gait are contributing to this increased effort. PURPOSE: to investigate the effect of using a weighted vest while walking on a treadmill has …

Go to article

Examination Of Factors Associated With Exercise Identity And Habit Formation Among Inactive Adults Over A 12-Week Exercise Program, Olivia F. Antonelli, Jennifer Webster, Jessica L. Unick Feb 2026

Examination Of Factors Associated With Exercise Identity And Habit Formation Among Inactive Adults Over A 12-Week Exercise Program, Olivia F. Antonelli, Jennifer Webster, Jessica L. Unick

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Strong exercise identity (EI) and habit formation (HF) have been shown to be related to consistent exercise behavior and perceptions within exercise programs. However, little is known about factors associated with the magnitude of change in EI and HF throughout an exercise program. PURPOSE: Evaluate whether changes in EI and HF over a 12-week exercise program are associated with changes in exercise, frequency of exercise, program adherence, and theory-informed determinants of exercise behavior. METHODS: Participants (n=29; age 53.6±11.6 years, BMI 31.5±6.6 kg/m², 55.2% female, 79.3% non-Hispanic White) who were inactive (/wk of self-reported physical activity [PA] over the …

Go to article

Skeletal Muscle Mass Estimation By Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry And Bioimpedance Techniques In Muscular, Resistance-Trained Adults, John R. Alexander, Christian Rodriguez, Christine M. Florez, Ethan G. Tinoco, Julia Whitson, Carina M. Velasquez, Grant M. Tinsley Feb 2026

Skeletal Muscle Mass Estimation By Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry And Bioimpedance Techniques In Muscular, Resistance-Trained Adults, John R. Alexander, Christian Rodriguez, Christine M. Florez, Ethan G. Tinoco, Julia Whitson, Carina M. Velasquez, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) is an important body composition metric in clinical and research settings. However, criterion methods such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are largely inaccessible, so surrogate methods such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectrical impedance are used to estimate SMM. The agreement of these surrogate estimates may be impacted by physiological characteristics of the specific populations being evaluated. PURPOSE: To compare SMM estimates derived from DXA and bioimpedance methods using differing prediction equations within a sample of muscular, resistance-trained adults. METHODS: Forty participants (23 M, 17 F; [mean ± SD] age: 28.1 …

Go to article

Effect Of Earthing With Grounding Mats On Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, Paola N. Ramos Salinas, John D. Smith Feb 2026

Effect Of Earthing With Grounding Mats On Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, Paola N. Ramos Salinas, John D. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The practice of earthing, or grounding, is a practice of direct skin contact with the earth, and now, the innovation of grounding mats has led to studies looking into the effects grounding can produce. Previous studies focus on long grounding periods and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), but as of this study, no studies have looked to the effects of short grounding periods and DOMS. PURPOSE: To determine if grounding on a grounding mat has a significant effect on delayed onset muscle soreness. METHODS: Single blind, counterbalanced, repeated measures study with participants being grounded (G) in one session and no …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last