Digital Commons Network^™

Research On Signal Perception System Of Key Technology Regulation In The United States, Kaile Wang, Hao Liu, Yunwei Chen

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The purpose of the study is to analyze the operation mechanism of the key technology control signal perception system, and reveal the deep logic and basic procedures of the United States’ external technical containment. Through literature review and information mining, this study analyzes the structural features of the U.S. key technology control signal perception system, such as “front-end technical perception and technology locking”, “mid-end technical evaluation and risk identification”, and “back-end technical control response and dynamic sanctions”. It further explores the participating subjects and role positioning of the United States in key technology control signal perception, the sources and mechanisms …

Implementing Staff Education To Improve Depression Detection In Primary Care Using Patient Health Questionnaire (Phq-9), Ukamaka Okeke

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This staff education project focuses on improving depression detection in a primary care settings using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) screening tool. Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide, requiring reliable and adaptable screening tools. The diagnosis of depression is one of the most common mental health disorders in primary care but is poorly identified and frequently missed. The lack of consistent screening for depression among patients often results in delayed identification of symptoms, which postpones early treatment, increasing the risk of complications associated with untreated depression. The practice site identified that depression screening was frequently missed during patient intake, …

Welcome To The Trump Administration’S Board Of Immigration Appeals. The Immigrant Always Loses., Jason A. Cade

Scholarly Works

The first 100 opinions in Volume 29 of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ precedential decisions—issued at more than three times the historical pace—constitute a project. The Trump Administration has used the Attorney General’s self-referral power and a reconstituted, ideologically aligned Board to engineer a body of precedents that reliably produces one result: removal. This Essay organizes these decisions, cataloged in a full Appendix, into five main categories: (1) narrowing relief for noncitizens alleging persecution; (2) expanding mandatory detention while narrowing discretionary release; (3) maximizing the immigration consequences of criminal history and related grounds while foreclosing the relief mechanisms Congress created …

Curricular Changes Proposed For 2025-2027 Morris Catalog, Curriculum Committee

Curriculum Committee Reports

Includes documentation on the discontinuation of Sociology, Geology, German Studies, and Latin American Area Studies (LAAS).

Beyond Technical Performance: Preliminary Findings On Algorithm Aversion In Digital Library Environments, Hengyi Fu, Fenfang Cao

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Introduction. This study examines algorithm aversion in digital library contexts, where users increasingly encounter algorithm-enabled services. Prior research in healthcare and finance shows that users often resist algorithmic systems even when they outperform human alternatives, yet little is known about how this phenomenon manifests in the digital libraries context. Method. As part of an ongoing project, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 users from two Chinese universities. Participants were selected through theoretical sampling. Interviews were analysed using constructivist grounded theory. Analysis. Open and axial coding of the first 18 interviews produced 42 initial concepts organised into 16 categories under five …

Multi-Objective Optimization Of Waste Incineration For Minimal Carbon Monoxide And Sulfur Dioxide Emission And Rate Maximization: A Case Study Of Mbezi, Mkuranga-Pwani, Tanzania, Grangay M. Nyanghura, Enock W. Nshama

Tanzania Journal of Science

Incineration is widely employed for hazardous waste disposal, but results in harmful flue gas emissions. This study optimizes a double-chamber incineration process to reduce sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions while maximizing the incineration rate. The effects of waste mass, primary chamber temperature (PT), and secondary chamber temperature (ST) were analyzed using a full factorial design of 27 experiments. ANOVA revealed that mass had the greatest impact on emissions and incineration time, ST had a moderate effect, and PT had little influence. Regression analysis provided models for incineration time, CO, and SO2 emissions. Single-objective optimization using sequential quadratic …

Comparative Study Of Cement-Rice Husk Ash Stabilized Bricks And Fired Clay Bricks, Daniel R. Samson, Emmanuel S. Leo

Tanzania Journal of Science

In some countries, fired clay bricks (FCBs) are widely used for construction, but their production is energy-intensive, relies largely on firewood, and contributes to deforestation and carbon emissions. This study explores unfired clay bricks stabilised with cement and rice husk ash (RHA) as a sustainable alternative, using Dakawa ward in the Morogoro Region, Tanzania, as a case study. The bricks, with a clay of plasticity index 17%, were stabilized with 6%, 10%, and 14% cement by mass, moulded into 40 mm cubes, and cured for 28 days. The compressive strengths achieved were 1.5, 3.6, and 4.1 MPa with water absorption …

Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera) Pollination Enhances Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Yield In Kibaha Tanzania, Beatrice Tonola, Charles Olambo Joseph, Mkabwa L.K. Manoko, Shibonage K. Mashilingi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Honey bees are essential pollinators of the world’s food crops. However, information on the influence of honey bee pollination on watermelon yield is limited in Tanzania. This study assessed efficiency of honey bee pollination on watermelon yield. The study tested three improved watermelon varieties (Zebra F1, Candy F1 and Sukari F1) and three pollination environments: (Caged with Apis mellifera (CAM), Caged without insects (CW) and Open pollination (OP) in two seasons. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed no significant interaction between pollination environment and varieties. Significant difference …

Effects Of Substrate–Supplement Interactions On Yield Performance Of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus), Charles O. Joseph, Faraja Makwinja

Tanzania Journal of Science

Different substrates and supplements are used in mushroom production, however their interaction effects and growth variables affected is little known. This study was conducted to compare the effects of substrate-supplement interactions on growth and yield of oyster mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus. Two substrates (banana leaves and sawdust) and two supplements (chicken manure and sugar) were investigated. The substrates were reduced to 2 cm pieces and steam sterilized at 80–100°C for 3 hours. In each bag containing specific substrate, the supplements were added as 2% of the total substrate. The spawn was inoculated from each bag; misting was applied to maintain constant …

Heavy Metal Contamination In Agricultural Soils And Potential Human Health Risks, Debora Michael Mwenda, Leonard Masesa Jumanne, Daudi Salvius Mgaya, Amos Vincent Ntarisa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils is a growing concern due to potential human health risks via ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation. However, data on fertiliser-related contamination in rural Tanzanian settings remain limited. This study assessed contamination levels and associated health risks in Kibwabwa village, Iringa, Tanzania. A total of 48 soil samples were collected from eight farms at a depth of 0–15 cm. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Pb were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Health risks were evaluated using chronic daily intake (CDI), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk (CR) models …

Conquering Today's Health Paradox With The Power Of Heal - An Expert Consensus Report Plus Research Priorities And Policymaker Roadmap, Katharina C Wirnitzer, Mohamad Motevalli, Derrick R Tanous, Clemens Drenowatz, Maximilian Moser, Holger Cramer, Thomas Rosemann, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Andreas Michalsen, Beat Knechtle, Zlatko Fras, Adilson Marques, Nataša Fidler Mis, Fatima C Stanford, Christian Schubert, Nandu Goswami, Claus Leitzmann, Per Morten Fredriksen, Gerhard Ruedl, Rodrigo A Lima, Christian Kessler, Michael Jeitler, Naim A Khan, Hassan Joulaei, Maryam Fatemi, Karl W Kratky, Kara K Palmer, Bernd Haditsch, Boštjan Jakše, Walter Kofler

School of Health Professions

BACKGROUND: Despite growing scientific evidence and health guidelines, the global health paradox persists, with rising lifestyle-related diseases and escalating healthcare costs exposing the inadequacy of current efforts.

OBJECTIVE: Three multidisciplinary congresses were held to generate evidence-based conclusions aimed at addressing the global health paradox.

METHODS: A total of 58 experts from 62 entities participated in the international research and knowledge-exchange panels. Experts reviewed the latest findings to develop practical strategies and identify key research and policy priorities, focusing on the Healthy Eating & Active Living (HEAL) approach.

RESULTS CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: The expert consortium endorsed a 33 evidence-based consensual-statement policy …

Learning As Becoming: A Restored Gospel-Based Reinterpretation Of Scientific Discovery And Human Growth, Yoshihiko Ariizumi

Spiritual Proficiency

For many educators of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-day Saints, a persistent dissonance exists between the secular textbooks we utilize and the restored truths we cherish. Traditional science often presents the universe as a closed, material system where learning is merely the acquisition of data. However, as we align our academic pursuits with the light of the Restored Gospel, we discover that scientific inquiry is not independent of spiritual growth. Rather, it is a primary mechanism through which we experience a fundamental shift in our very nature—moving from "knowing" to "becoming."

The Synthesis Of Truth: Integrating Research-Based Science Education With The Restored Gospel At Brigham Young University, Yoshihiko Ariizumi

Spiritual Proficiency

Modern science education identifies six core principles for student engagement: active participation, inquiry, cognitive challenge, social interaction, meaningful context, and balanced guidance. While these principles are validated by secular research (e.g., Piaget, Vygotsky, Kolb), their implementation at Brigham Young University (BYU) takes on a unique dimension through the lens of the Restored Gospel of Jesus Christ. This paper argues that effective science education at BYU is not merely a pedagogical strategy but a spiritual imperative. By synthesizing scientific inquiry with divine revelation, learners transition from passive recipients of information to active agents of discovery, fulfilling the prophetic mandate to "seek …

Antibacterial Activity Of Sapium Ellipticum, Securidaca Longepedunculata, And Allophylus Africanus Against Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates, Eleonora A. Mbare, Rose J. Masalu, Cyprian B. Mpinda

Tanzania Journal of Science

Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a major clinical challenge due to its high levels of antibiotic resistance. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of three medicinal plant extracts Allophylus africanus (leaves), Securidaca longepedunculata (root bark), and Sapium ellipticum (stem bark), against 30 drug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. Antibacterial screening was conducted using the agar well diffusion method, followed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) via a 96-well microtiter plate assay. All three plant extracts demonstrated inhibitory activity against three resistant P. aeruginosa strains (gentamicin-resistant strains F4 and GR4RAU-AI, and ceftazidime-resistant strain 19-10), with inhibition zones of varying diameters. MIC values showed strain-specific …

Limited English Proficiency, Acculturative Stress, And Quality Of Life Among Korean American Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B, Hee-Soon Juon, Gilbert C. Gee, Julia G. Katcher, Daniel Yang, Katherine Smith, Ann C. Klassen

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is one of the most widespread liver diseases in the world and disproportionately affects Asian Americans, who are further impacted by the lower quality of life imposed by the infection. Limited English proficiency (LEP) and acculturative stress play an important role in the study of patients with CHB, but the interrelationships of LEP, acculturative stress, and health outcomes are not well studied in this population. This study aims to explore how acculturative stress mediates the relationship between LEP and health outcomes among Korean American patients with CHB.

METHODS: A total of 365 CHB patients completed …

Dartmouth Global Health Equity In Rwanda: An Oral History, Joseph Martinelli

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

After the genocide in Rwanda in 2014, there were as few as 100 physicians left to provide health care for the entire country. The Rwandan Ministry of Health reached out to US academic institutions for assistance in rebuilding capacity and educating Rwanda’s next generation of medical professionals. The Human Resources for Health (HRH) program in Rwanda was instituted and led by the Rwandan Ministry of Health with support from the Clinton Health Access Initiative. The Geisel School of Medicine led by its Center for Global Health Equity, participated in the HRH program in Rwanda, from 2012 to 2019. This oral …

Bioclimatic Reorganization Of Carbon–Water–Energy Coupling Revealed By Eddy Covariance And Interpretable Machine Learning, Koong Yi, Margaret S. Torn, Gabriel B. Senay, Lixin Wang, Kosana Suvočarev, Joshua B. Fisher, Arman Ahmadi, Housen Chu, Gil Bohrer, Georgianne W. Moore, Stephen P. Good, Steven A. Kannenberg, Justine E. C. Missik, Kanishka Mallick, Kul Khand, Youngryel Ryu, Kuno Kasak, A. Christopher Oishi, David E. Reed, Xiangzhong Luo, Carl J. Bernacchi, Dennis Baldocchi

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Ecosystem exchanges of carbon, water, and energy are central to Earth system functioning, yet their sensitivities to environmental variability remain poorly constrained across biomes and climates. Here, we analyzed ≥ 5 years of eddy covariance data from 87 AmeriFlux sites (964 site-years) spanning six vegetation types and a broad range of climatic conditions to examine the controls and multi-year trends of gross primary productivity (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET), water-use efficiency (WUE), and the Bowen ratio. We trained boosted regression tree ensembles with environmental (air temperature, vapor pressure deficit, soil water content, atmospheric CO2, radiation, wind speed) and temporal (month, year) variables …

Survival Politics On A Working Waterfront: Rules Change Faster Than Prices In The South Texas Shrimp Fishery, Owen Temby, Anthony R. Lima

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

In 2024–2025, the U.S. and Texas governments raced to save Gulf shrimp. Texas passed a truth-in labeling law for food service in restaurants. Federal agencies added antidumping and countervailing duty orders and new tariffs. This case follows Brownsville and Port Isabel, where dock prices slid while boats and crews aged. We frame the response as survival politics: urgent and improvised moves to keep a livelihood going even when imports set the price. Using legislative hearings, agency notices, local reporting, and port records, we show that rules reset faster than prices. Inventories, contracts, and supplier substitution delay any lift at the …

Plant-Based Dietary Patterns Are Associated With Slower Epigenetic Aging, Hyunju Kim, Christina A Castellani, Jiantao Ma, Alexis C Wood, Audrey Ting, Morgan E Grams, Bing Yu, Kelly Ruggles, James S Floyd, Dan E Arking, Casey M Rebholz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Greater adherence to plant-based diets is associated with health benefits. Dietary intake can modify DNA methylation patterns, but it is unknown whether plant-based diets in a largely non-vegetarian population are associated with DNA methylation-based epigenetic aging measures. We examined the associations between 4 different types of plant-based diets indices (PDI) [overall PDI, provegetarian diet, healthy PDI, and unhealthy PDI] and epigenetic aging. We used data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (N=2,810) and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, N=2,056). PDIs negatively scored higher intake of animal products and positively scored higher intake of all or selected …

External Fixation Assisted Intramedullary Total Femur Arthroplasty: A Case Report, Matthew Hnatow, Blake Martin, Emma Herrera

School of Medicine Publications

Introduction:Total femur replacement (TFR) is a salvage procedure for patients with multiple failed hip and knee arthroplasties and is associated with high complication rates. Intramedullary TFR has emerged as a technique to preserve critical soft tissue attachments; however, maintaining limb length, alignment, and rotation remains challenging.

Case Presentation: We describe a novel case of intramedullary TFR utilizing external fixation to address these technical challenges. A 64-year-old male with subsidence of a hinged knee tumor prosthesis to the level of the greater trochanter underwent intramedullary TFR. External fixation was applied to the residual femoral and tibial bones to maintain …

Science Challenges And Solutions To Support Implementation Of The Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Agreement, Claire L. Szostek, Angus Atkinson, Victor Martinez-Vicente, Ana M. Queirós, Peter I. Miller, Kerry L. Howell, Rebecca C. Millington, Susan Kay, Matthew Faith, Karen Tait, Elizabeth Talbot, Andrew Rees, Chris Lyal, Jeff Ardron, Matthew Frost

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement provides a new opportunity to consolidate and achieve global marine environmental goals. Here we focus on how science and technology will support its implementation. We provide an overview of existing scientific knowledge and methods that are scalable to Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ). Reviewing data gaps, challenges and opportunities, we outline solutions and a roadmap focused on enhancing resources and capacity.

Synthesis, Characterization, And Biological Potentials Of Chalcones Derivatives, Acer Juma Hamad, Hamdia Hateem Jawad, Kadhim Abdulwahid Aadim

Baghdad Science Journal

This work aims at synthesizing chalcone derivatives using Acetophenone and benzaldehyde derivatives as the primary components. The chalcone compounds [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] have been produced through Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction, which involves combining benzaldehyde derivatives (such as 4-bromobenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-(dimethyl amino)benzaldehyde, and o-Nitro benzaldehyde) with acetophenone or its derivatives. This reaction takes place when an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and ethanol are combined at room temperature. The generated products were examined employing carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance ¹³C-NMR, proton nuclear magnetic resonance ¹H-NMR, ultraviolet (UV), and infrared (IR) spectroscopic techniques. Each compound was tested to determine how …

Knockdown Of Tyrosine Kinase Receptor Fgfr1 Via Azd4547 Suppresses Breast Cancer Proliferation, Migration, And Invasion In Brca1 Mutant Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (Ascs) Via Il-6 And Tnf-Α Modulation, Nahid Sabah Aldin Saber, Zahraa Ali Mohammed

Baghdad Science Journal

Breast cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease that poses significant challenges in identifying novel therapeutic strategies and new therapeutic targets. Recent research has identified adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) role in the progression of small tumors. Mutations in Breast Cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) are known to play a crucial role in DNA repair and cell cycle regulation. BRCA1 mutations have been associated with increased risks of breast and ovarian cancer. Moreover, studies have shown that Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1) is involved in initiation of many cancers, including breast cancer. In the present study, we aim to investigate the role …

Quantitative Analysis Of Thiamine, Riboflavin, And Niacin Vitamins By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography In Pharmaceutical Sample Tablets And Drops, Sarra A. Abrahem, Suhad A. Ibrahim, Alaa Sh. Abdulbari, Noor M. Ali, Maryam Y. Hashim

Baghdad Science Journal

Levering cutting-edge high-performance liquid chromatography techniques with a C-18 column, we meticulously crafted a gradient of MeOH and glacial CH₃COOH (96–5%), pulsating through at a mesmerizing 1.2 ml/min. With ultraviolet detection at a precise wavelength of 245 nm, we unraveled the mysteries of these vital nutrients. Thiamine reveals itself at a retention time of 3.5 min, followed by Riboflavin at 8.1 min and Niacin at 10.8 min. The findings of this study were not just a spectacle of scientific powers but were also rigorously benchmarked against commercial drugs, ensuring accuracy and reliability in our analysis.

Studying The Level Of Amyloid-A And Fibrinogen-Like Protein 1 And Other Biomarkers In The Sera Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Of Iraqi Patients, Aya Waleed Aziz, Bushra Faris Hasan

Baghdad Science Journal

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) isa common chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovitis causing pain and inflammation and can result in joint destruction, its risk factors involve a family history of disease, obesity, smoking as well as viral infections. In this study, serum amyloid A and fibrinogen-like protein 1 were evaluated in 80 patients and 40 healthy controls (both men and women). Measurement of SAA, FGL1, RF, CRP, and MPO were performed using ELISA kits, the colorimetric method has been employed for estimating lipid profile, and Westergren method has used to measure ESR. The results indicated that levels of SAA, FGL1, MPO, …

Determination Of Trace Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B6) In Dosage Forms And Redbull Samples Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Technique Coupled With Spectrophotometry, Sally Ghanem Ahmed, Wijdan Shakir Khayoon

Baghdad Science Journal

This paper introduced a sensitive determination method measurement spectrophotometric coupled with dispersive liquid-liquid micro extraction based on charge transfer complex formation between pyridoxine hydrochloride and chloranil using alkaline buffer (pH = 10.5). After that, the extraction of charge transfer complex was conducted by injection a mixture of chloroform and acetone solvents followed by spectrophotometric measurement of tiny organic droplets at λ = 535 nm. The important parameters affecting the formation of the complex and efficiency of DLLME such as concentration of chloranil, volume and pH of buffer solution, reaction time and the optimum conditions of DLLME has been studied and …

First Record Of Keratitis Caused By Valkampfia In Iraq, Turkan K. Karyagdi

Baghdad Science Journal

Acanthamoeba is the most well-known causes amoebic keratitis. However, other free-living amoebas (FLA), such as Valkampfia, can also causes of keratitis. Twenty-two samples were collected from cases suspected of amoebic keratitis in Kirkuk Hospital to investigate the presence of Acanthamoeba . Cultivation process was carried out directly on non-nutrient agar (NNA) medium supported with killed Escherichia coli bacteria. Inverted and light microscope were used at 40X magnification to diagnose cultures growth .Only two samples showed positive growth on NNA medium. However, no any presence of Acanthamoeba was observed as were expected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which ampilified by …

Distribution Of Some Antibiotic Resistance Genes Among Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolated From Patients Lying Icu In Al-Najaf /Iraq, Ghufran Rajab Taher, Ahlam Kadhim Alyasseen

Baghdad Science Journal

Acinetobacter baumannii is a significant nosocomial pathogen, affecting immunocompromised and critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs). The emergence of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) poses a threat due to its resistance to multiple antibiotics. This study investigates the prevalence of carbapenemase-encoding genes among CRAB isolates from ICU patients at AL-Sadder hospital/ Najaf. Eight sputum specimens were collected from ICU patients suspected of A. baumannii. The isolates were identified through morphological, biochemical tests and the Vitek 2 Compact system. Antibiotic sensitivity was determined by the Vitek 2 Compact system (using AST card). only 5 A. baumannii isolates have been …

Volume 60-1 Full Issue, Ryan Brown

Journal of STEM Teacher Education

No abstract provided.

A Mixed-Methods Study Of Teacher Collaboration In A Steam Professional Development Program, Katherine B. King, Justina R. Jackson, Talia C. Kessler, Meltem Alemdar

Journal of STEM Teacher Education

Teacher collaboration can be a powerful but challenging practice for K-12 educators. This is particularly true in the context of STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and math) education, in which disciplines are integrated through innovative, student-centered teaching strategies. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach was employed to understand the impacts of a 5-year STEAM professional development program on K-12 teachers’ collaboration efforts. Using quantitative and qualitative methods and social network analysis (SNA), the study explored the nature of STEAM collaboration and identified aspects that supported and hindered successful collaboration. Quantitative analyses demonstrated that, after participating in the program, the teachers engaged …