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Lead Acid Battery Recycling In The Current Tanzania Industrialization Drive: Challenges And Opportunities, Divina D. Kaombe Dec 2022

Lead Acid Battery Recycling In The Current Tanzania Industrialization Drive: Challenges And Opportunities, Divina D. Kaombe

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

ABSTRACT Advancements in automotive technologies, Information and Communications Technology and renewable energy technologies have increased the use of lead acid batteries as a source of portable and rechargeable energy. This has considerably increased the number of spent batteries with adverse effects on the environment and human health; which calls for recycling of spent batteries. This work was conducted to investigate challenges facing the formal business of recycling spent batteries and potential manufacturers of new lead-acid batteries in Tanzania. The work involved collection of information from key stakeholders such as collectors, dealers, Tanzania Revenue Authority and recyclers. It was found out …

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The Effect Of Diabetes Exercise On The Quality Of Life Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Nur Rachmawati Maulida, Jongky Hendro Prajitno, Nuniek Nugraheny Sulistiawaty Dec 2022

The Effect Of Diabetes Exercise On The Quality Of Life Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Nur Rachmawati Maulida, Jongky Hendro Prajitno, Nuniek Nugraheny Sulistiawaty

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Physical inactivity and obesity are some of the main risk factors for diabetes mellitus (DM). The presence of DM might result in impaired quality of life (QoL). Our study aimed to firstly determine the association between diabetes exercise status and the QoL in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and secondly to explore other factors associated with QoL among T2DM patients. This was an observational study with cross-sectional design of T2DM patients in dr. Trimurti primary health care (PHC) from January - December 2019. The subjects were recruited consecutively then categorized into treatment group (who performed diabetes exercise …

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Digital Technology In Physical Education Distance Learning During Pandemic: Teachers' Perspective, Soni Nopembri, Saryono Saryono, Nur Rohmah Muktiani, Anastasia Erlina Listyarinni, Mohd Izwan Bin Shahril Dec 2022

Digital Technology In Physical Education Distance Learning During Pandemic: Teachers' Perspective, Soni Nopembri, Saryono Saryono, Nur Rohmah Muktiani, Anastasia Erlina Listyarinni, Mohd Izwan Bin Shahril

Jurnal Keolahragaan

The aims of study to describe the utilization of information technology and telecommunications in Physical Education (PE) distance learning process during the covid-19 pandemic. This quantitative study conducted with a survey method. The subjects of this study were primary and secondary school PE teachers who were determined based on clusters of three regions/regions, namely: schools in urban, suburban, and rural areas in the Special Region of Yogyakarta with a total of 238 people. Data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to the primary and secondary school PE teachers online and offline. The data analysis applied is descriptive quantitative with percentages. …

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The Effect Of Online-Based Assignment Responses And Student Creativity In Pjok During Pandemic In Rural And Urban Area, Padli Padli, Yanuar Kiram, Irfan Arifianto, Yogi Setiawan, Jeki Haryanto, Heru Syarli Lesmana Dec 2022

The Effect Of Online-Based Assignment Responses And Student Creativity In Pjok During Pandemic In Rural And Urban Area, Padli Padli, Yanuar Kiram, Irfan Arifianto, Yogi Setiawan, Jeki Haryanto, Heru Syarli Lesmana

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Creativity is an ability that must not be lost during a pandemic. The purpose of this study is to find out whether there is an influence of online-based task responses to students' creativity during the pandemic period and the difference is based on students living in rural and urban area. This type of research is a mixed method collected through an online-based assignment response questionnaire instrument, student creativity questionnaire instrument, and interview instruments. The sample of this study was a student of the 2017 physical education, health and recreational education program at Padang State University with a number of 68 …

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The Effect Of Low Impact Aerobic Exercise On Increasing Physical Fitness For The Elderly, Cerika Rismayanthi, Muhammad Ikhwan Zein, Rizki Mulyawan, Risti Nurfadhila, Rifky Riyandi Prasetyawan, Muhammad Sigit Antoni Dec 2022

The Effect Of Low Impact Aerobic Exercise On Increasing Physical Fitness For The Elderly, Cerika Rismayanthi, Muhammad Ikhwan Zein, Rizki Mulyawan, Risti Nurfadhila, Rifky Riyandi Prasetyawan, Muhammad Sigit Antoni

Jurnal Keolahragaan

This study aimed to investigate the effect of low-impact aerobic exercise on increasing physical fitness for the elderly. This one group of pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research recruited elderly subjects from Sumber Waras Elderly Association in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Twenty-four elderly subjects aged 60-70 years old participated in the 16 sessions of aerobic exercise intervention. All subjects completed pre-and post-intervention physical fitness tests comprising the aerobic/cardiovascular (CV) endurance (2 minutes step test), upper body strength (arm curl test), lower body strength (chair stand test), upper body flexibility (back scratch test), core and lower body flexibility (sit and reach test) and balance (8 foot …

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The Effect Of Teaching Style On Affective And Cognitive Motivation In Physical Education, Nur Azis Rohmansyah, Sri Mawarti, Ashira Hiruntrakul Dec 2022

The Effect Of Teaching Style On Affective And Cognitive Motivation In Physical Education, Nur Azis Rohmansyah, Sri Mawarti, Ashira Hiruntrakul

Jurnal Keolahragaan

The theory of accomplishment-generating motivation only adopts a social cognitive method to research behavior and motivation in sports education settings, illuminating how achievement goal theory is useful for anticipating and explaining beliefs, reactions, and behaviors in achievement settings. This study aimed to investigate how different teaching approaches teacher-centered and student-centered affected the emotional and cognitive motivational responses of students during physical education classes. Using several Mosston and Ashworth teaching methods, including command style, reciprocal style, and guided exploration style, four teachers instructed 92 students. To evaluate teaching style, the Ames coding system was employed. In this inquiry, a strategy of …

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Feasibility Of Audio-Visual Teaching Materials To Support Tennis Learning, Septian Raibowo, Abi Fajar Fathoni, Sapto Adi Dec 2022

Feasibility Of Audio-Visual Teaching Materials To Support Tennis Learning, Septian Raibowo, Abi Fajar Fathoni, Sapto Adi

Jurnal Keolahragaan

This study aims to produce court tennis audio-visual teaching materials and determine the effectiveness of audio-visual teaching materials to support court tennis learning. This research is development research with stages: needs analysis, data collection, product development, expert validation, product testing, product revision, and evaluation. The subjects of this study were taken using a random sampling method, amounting to 47 people. The instruments used to collect data were questionnaire sheets, expert validation sheets and further tests were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Seeing the effectiveness of the product using an experimental design with the format "one group pretest-posttest design", which does not …

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Body Fat Levels And Its Negative Correlation To Apnea Duration, Kukuh Pambuka Putra, Rambu Lawu Nedi Kristanti Retno Triandhini, Aditya Wicaksana, Sanfia Tesabela Messakh Dec 2022

Body Fat Levels And Its Negative Correlation To Apnea Duration, Kukuh Pambuka Putra, Rambu Lawu Nedi Kristanti Retno Triandhini, Aditya Wicaksana, Sanfia Tesabela Messakh

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Apnea ability is the main determining factor of freediving performance. Apnea relates to physiological factors that might be experienced by a free diver hence its ability is highly likely to correlate with various factors of human physiology. One of the suspected factors that affect apnea duration is body fat level. The fact that fat is distributed in almost all parts of the body, including respiratory organs and tracts, arises the suspicion of a possible correlation between fat accumulation and apnea ability. This research studies the correlation between body fat level and apnea duration. 30 males, aged 18-22 were the research …

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The Effectiveness Of Massage Therapy Combined With Stretching Toward Blood Pressure Of Elderly People With Hypertension, Enggista Hendriko Delano, Wara Kushartanti, Abiyyu Amajida, Muhammad Fatih Humam, Sabda Hussain As Shafi Dec 2022

The Effectiveness Of Massage Therapy Combined With Stretching Toward Blood Pressure Of Elderly People With Hypertension, Enggista Hendriko Delano, Wara Kushartanti, Abiyyu Amajida, Muhammad Fatih Humam, Sabda Hussain As Shafi

Jurnal Keolahragaan

The high case of hypertension in the elderly requires curative action. One of the efforts to prevent and treat hypertension is by nonpharmacological methods with massage therapy combined with stretching. This research aimed to discover the effectiveness of massage therapy followed by stretching toward the blood pressure of older people with hypertension. Employing a Quasi Experiment design with one group pretest-posttest, the study involved 25 people who had hypertension With 14 of which were selected using specific criteria. The research used Digital Sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure. The treatment given to the samples was massage therapy for hypertension with the …

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Development Of Modified Shotput Devices: How Are The Orthodox And Obrien Styles Implemented?, Heru Sulistianta, Fitri Agung Nanda, Hauzan Ariq Abdurarahman Dec 2022

Development Of Modified Shotput Devices: How Are The Orthodox And Obrien Styles Implemented?, Heru Sulistianta, Fitri Agung Nanda, Hauzan Ariq Abdurarahman

Jurnal Keolahragaan

The development of shotput media is one way that physical education teachers can maximize learning outcomes. The research aims to reveal the development of the results shotput modification tool and the results of the implementation effectiveness modified tool through the orthodox and Obrien styles. This research uses the development of Borg and Gall and effectiveness test research. The modified tool was assessed by material, and media experts and has been tested with the results to be presented in the sub-subexplanation explanation results and discussion. Furthermore, after the results are obtained regarding the appropriate modification tools that can be …

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An Overview Of The Significance And Application Of Constructability In Value Engineering, Samereh Jadidoleslami, Mojtaba Azizi Dec 2022

An Overview Of The Significance And Application Of Constructability In Value Engineering, Samereh Jadidoleslami, Mojtaba Azizi

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Value Engineering (VE) and constructability are not distinct; instead, they are complementary work processes that may be used as vital elements in achieving total quality. Constructability is a value management (VM) tool developed as an attempt to integrate design and construction activities. VE is often implemented when there is a limited chance to influence the cost and time of the project effectively. Thus, project contractors and owners conduct VE analysis before construction by applying the constructability process. The activities of these two processes somehow complement each other in achieving their goals. Considering the output of existing VE approaches, it seems …

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Adopting Emerging Technology To Promote Circular Economy In The Built Environment, Mohammed Ali Berawi, Perdana Miraj, Mustika Sari Dec 2022

Adopting Emerging Technology To Promote Circular Economy In The Built Environment, Mohammed Ali Berawi, Perdana Miraj, Mustika Sari

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Technology has long been regarded to be one of the key drivers of economic growth and a major contributor to a nation's competitiveness. Technology is seen as a significant instrument for increasing the value of a product, project, or service while using the same amount of available resources or capital. Rapid technological improvement and invention have contributed to more efficient and innovative output in a variety of areas, including but not limited to construction, healthcare, energy, tourism, and manufacturing. However, many industries are currently under intense pressure to reduce their use of energy, material, and other non-renewable energy resources. The …

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A Thematic Literature Review On The Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Indian Real Estate, Manaswi S. Bothlikar, Triveni Prasad Nanda Dec 2022

A Thematic Literature Review On The Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Indian Real Estate, Manaswi S. Bothlikar, Triveni Prasad Nanda

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the world badly. Almost all activities were suspended, and thus it severely impacted the economy, including the real estate sector. This ongoing pandemic has pushed the sentiments of the sector to their all-time lowest. This research aims to analyze the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the real estate industry in India, as well as to determine the most impacted segments. Report achives from eminent property consultants including Knight Frank, Coldwell Banker Richard Ellis (CBRE), and Cushman & Wakefield were reviewed in this study. The qualitative analysis done to the reports and literature shows that …

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Integrating Building Information Modeling (Bim) And Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Uav) For Building 3d Modeling: A Case Study Of Wisma Sri Mahkota Bengkalis, Hendra Saputra, Fanni Azizan, Nurul Fahmi Dec 2022

Integrating Building Information Modeling (Bim) And Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Uav) For Building 3d Modeling: A Case Study Of Wisma Sri Mahkota Bengkalis, Hendra Saputra, Fanni Azizan, Nurul Fahmi

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The demand for geospatial information of a region grows in numerous sectors, as does the method of mapping operations. Various advanced technology has been utilized to support survey and mapping activities, including Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). This study aims to develop a method to digitize building documentation by integrating the UAV in the Building Information Modelling (BIM) by considering a lodging property in Bengkalis regency as the case study. Orthophoto data obtained from processing aerial photos taken using three flight paths, namely Nadir, Oblique, and Circular, was used to develop the BIM 3D model. The accuracy of the developed BIM …

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Perception Of Housing Quality By Households In Peri-Urban Neighbourhoods Of Owerri Municipality, Ikechukwu A. Diugwu, Michael N. Eneje, Haruna D. Musa, Saheed O. Yusuf, John D. Njoku Dec 2022

Perception Of Housing Quality By Households In Peri-Urban Neighbourhoods Of Owerri Municipality, Ikechukwu A. Diugwu, Michael N. Eneje, Haruna D. Musa, Saheed O. Yusuf, John D. Njoku

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Basic housing infrastructure influences the comfort of several residents. There are, however, indications that the residents in severalurban housing estates in Nigeria are dissatisfied with their housing infrastructures and maintenance. Therefore, this study focuses on evaluating the relationship between the quality of housing infrastructure and the decision of occupants on where to live. Thisstudy involved the application of a quantitative approach with the aid of a structured questionnaire to collect data from residents. The survey was conducted in six selected neighbourhoods of Owerri Municipal area with the occupants as respondents (n=399). Moreover, the chi-square test of independence was applied to …

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Renewable Energy For Overcoming The Dilemma Of Darkness In Nigerian Urban Centers, Yeken A. Sanusi Dec 2022

Renewable Energy For Overcoming The Dilemma Of Darkness In Nigerian Urban Centers, Yeken A. Sanusi

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Cities are unique centers of energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. Although electricity provides multiple functions for urban residents, its supply in Nigerian urban centers is poor, and the attempts to understand this problem have been limited to national level. Therefore, this study aims to explore the dimensions of electricity supply problem; assess adaptations by households to inadequate electricity supply; examine the use of renewable energy-related facilities; and understand the perception of renewables by urban households, with five residential neighborhoods in Minna, the capital of Niger state, were covered. Data were collected using a questionnaire and the Facility Observatory Technique …

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Reviewing The Indicators For Assessing Construction Company And Project Performance, Valeriia Arteeva, Angi Skhvediani Dec 2022

Reviewing The Indicators For Assessing Construction Company And Project Performance, Valeriia Arteeva, Angi Skhvediani

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

This paper is devoted to analyzing and systematizing indicators for assessing the performance of construction companies and projects. This topic is relevant because financial performance and other indicators of sustainable development are increasingly considered when determining the performance of construction companies. The systems of indicators developed by researchers for construction companies and projects are usually based on one of the three performance assessment models: the Balanced Scorecard Model (BSC), the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM), and the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). In this study, we systematized the indicators presented in 18 papers on performance evaluation of construction companies and …

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Evaluating The Implementation Of Solar Home Systems (Shs) In Sumba – East Indonesia, Anita Yuan, Daniel Pinka, Emerita Setyowati Dec 2022

Evaluating The Implementation Of Solar Home Systems (Shs) In Sumba – East Indonesia, Anita Yuan, Daniel Pinka, Emerita Setyowati

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The lowest electrification rate in Indonesia is in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) province, leading to a high poverty rate and low education level. At the same time, NTT has higher solar irradiance than the Indonesian average, which can be used for electrification. In 2019-2021, seventeen (17) Solar Home Systems (SHS) were installed in churches with no electricity grid connection to address these challenges. These systems serve church community activities as well as learning centers for students. The first system design was improved and adopted in 2020 and 2021 to meet users’ needs better. However, the COVID-19 pandemic made it difficult …

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Penerapan Praktik Lean Service Melalui Value Stream Mapping Padadepartemen Food And Beverage Service Hotel X, Putri Sangga Langit, Rizqiah Insanita Dec 2022

Penerapan Praktik Lean Service Melalui Value Stream Mapping Padadepartemen Food And Beverage Service Hotel X, Putri Sangga Langit, Rizqiah Insanita

Jurnal Manajemen dan Usahawan Indonesia

The development of the hospitality industry in Indonesia increasingly pushes the hotel business to provide the best service for hotel guests. As one of the most affected by customer satisfaction, the Food and Beverage Service (FBS) department of every hotel needs to provide the most effective and efficient services. The study which held at Hotel X is purposed to identify and eliminate wastes in the room service breakfast set process at Hotel X using the value stream mapping method in order to attain effectivity and efficacy in services. In addition, this study also provides suggestions for improvement to attain the …

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Annual Report 2021 - 2022, Houston Academy Of Medicine - Texas Medical Center Library Dec 2022

Annual Report 2021 - 2022, Houston Academy Of Medicine - Texas Medical Center Library

Annual Reports: 1943 - Present

This file contains the Annual Report for the library from 2021-2022.

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Paniniwala Sa Harô: Replektibong Pamumuhay Ng Mga Waraynon, Aldwin B. Amat Dec 2022

Paniniwala Sa Harô: Replektibong Pamumuhay Ng Mga Waraynon, Aldwin B. Amat

Malay Journal

Ang pag-aaral na ito ay may kaugnayan sa pagdalumat sa mga paniniwala sa harȏ kaugnay sa pamumuhay ng mga Waraynon. Mula sa paglilihi, panganganak hanggang sa kamatayan ay makikita ang malalim na pananalig ng mga Waraynon sa harȏ, sinasamahan nila ito ng mga bulong o orasyon sa pagtupad ng kanilang mga kahilingang bumuti ang kanilang mga karamdaman at umayos ang kanilang buhay. Sa yaman ng paniniwalang ito ay mahalagang maidokumento ito upang manatili ito sa kamalayan ng mga Waraynon. Sa panimulang gawain ng paglilikom ng mga panitikang oral kagaya nito ay malaki ang maiaambag sa pagpapaunlad ng kulturang Waraynon lalo …

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“Pasmado, Kailangan Bang Mangamba?”: Pagdalumat Sa Salitang Pasma Bilang Isang Konseptong Pilipino, Ian Mark Nibalvos Dec 2022

“Pasmado, Kailangan Bang Mangamba?”: Pagdalumat Sa Salitang Pasma Bilang Isang Konseptong Pilipino, Ian Mark Nibalvos

Malay Journal

Ang salitang pasma ay matagal nang nasa kamalayan ng mga Pilipino ngunit hanggang sa kasalukuyan ay hindi pa rin naipaliliwanag ang kahiwagaang taglay nito. Ito ay walang siyentipikong basehan kaya patuloy pa ring itinuturing bilang isang “folk illness.” Ang saliksik wikang ito ay naglalayong magbigay-kontribusyon sa intelektuwalisasyon ng wikang Filipino sa pamamagitan ng pagtalakay ng konseptong pangkalusugan upang lubos na maunawaan ito ng mga Pilipino. Isang rebyu ng literatura at pag-uugnay-ugnay ng mga ito ang ginawa ng mga mananaliksik upang matugunan ang pagbabatayan sa pagbuo ng konsepto ng pasma. Nabuo ng mga mananaliksik ang sariling depinisyon ng salitang pasma: Ang …

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Mga Kontribyutor Sa Isyu At Panawagan Sa Kontribusyon, Malay Journal Dec 2022

Mga Kontribyutor Sa Isyu At Panawagan Sa Kontribusyon, Malay Journal

Malay Journal

Ipinakikilala rito ang mga awtor ng mga artikulong nakapaloob sa isyu. Inilalahad din ang mga mahahalagang detalye para sa mga interesadong magsumite ng pananaliksik sa journal.

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2022 Scholarly Productivity Report, Missouri University Of Science And Technology Dec 2022

2022 Scholarly Productivity Report, Missouri University Of Science And Technology

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Scholarly Productivity Reports

No abstract provided.

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Comparison Of Ultrasonography And Cone Beam Computed Tomography In The Differential Diagnosis Of Periapical Lesions: A Prospective Radiopathological Study, Gozde Serindere, Ceren Aktuna Belgin, Mert Bulte, Didar Gursoy, Fariz Salimov Dec 2022

Comparison Of Ultrasonography And Cone Beam Computed Tomography In The Differential Diagnosis Of Periapical Lesions: A Prospective Radiopathological Study, Gozde Serindere, Ceren Aktuna Belgin, Mert Bulte, Didar Gursoy, Fariz Salimov

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between ultrasonography (USG) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the accuracy between histopathological diagnosis and preliminary diagnosis in the diagnosis of periapical lesion. Methods: 20 patients with periapical lesion in the jaw, were included in the study. The presence of expansion or perforation and dimensions of the lesion were performed with CBCT. In the examination of the lesion with USG, shape, echogenicity, vascularization of the lesion and the presence of buccal expansion and perforation, were determined. Subsequently, a biopsy was taken from the lesion for histopathological examination and …

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Vol3iss6cover, Hca Healthcare Dec 2022

Vol3iss6cover, Hca Healthcare

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine Covers

Cover for Volume 3 Issue 6 of the HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

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Agenda Control In The Indian Parliament And The Impact On Its Oversight Function – Analysis And Evidence, Maansi Verma Dec 2022

Agenda Control In The Indian Parliament And The Impact On Its Oversight Function – Analysis And Evidence, Maansi Verma

Socio-Legal Review

Separation of powers is understood as the diffusion of powers among different branches of the government, with each branch acting as a check on the other. This principle is considered an anti-thesis to totalitarianism, preventing the absolute concentration of power and thus protecting liberty. The Cabinet-style parliamentary form of government, with its genesis in Britain, fused together the executive with the legislature. This resulted in powerful executives and weakened legislatures with limited oversight capabilities. As institutions evolved over time, internal rules and procedures also evolved both as constraints and enablers of executive dominance, by distributing the powers of agenda control. …

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‘Private Acts’ And Structural Inequality: Law And Housing Discrimination, Rowena Robinson Dec 2022

‘Private Acts’ And Structural Inequality: Law And Housing Discrimination, Rowena Robinson

Socio-Legal Review

This paper focuses on law and housing discrimination within the context of a sociological understanding of the cumulative disadvantageous effects of what are legally considered ‘private acts’. It therefore brings a distinct perspective to the examination of vertical versus horizontal rights. The paper particularly focuses on housing discrimination against Muslims in urban areas against the background of marginalisation, conflict, and violence. It seeks to think about housing segregation as both producing discrimination, targeted violence, economic inequality, and social exclusion as well as itself being a product of these factors. Public policy in the form of equal opportunities legislation has been …

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Women, Gender Politics, And Resistance In Kashmir, Seema Kazi Dec 2022

Women, Gender Politics, And Resistance In Kashmir, Seema Kazi

Socio-Legal Review

This article focuses on Kashmiri women and the gender politics underpinning the August 5, 2019 revocation of Article 370 in Kashmir. Reclaiming Kashmiri women’s property rights was among the justifications cited by the state for revoking Kashmir’s autonomy. Paradoxically, however, most analyses centered on its political implications. Kashmiri women’s opinions regarding the revocation, the state’s use of the women’s rights argument to justify the same, or Kashmiri women’s rights and experiences in the wake of the revocation were seldom the subjects of discussion or analysis. Beginning with a brief overview of Kashmiri women’s role in the Kashmiri struggle, I juxtapose …

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The Internal Audit Functions: Competence, Effectiveness And External Auditors ' Reliance In Tanzania, John Sosthenes, Ernest G. Kitindi, Judika L. King'ori Dec 2022

The Internal Audit Functions: Competence, Effectiveness And External Auditors ' Reliance In Tanzania, John Sosthenes, Ernest G. Kitindi, Judika L. King'ori

Business Management Review

This study examines the influence of internal audit function competence on the extent of external auditors ' reliance on internal audit function work and whether the internal audit function effectiveness mediates such a relationship. Data was collected from 100 external auditors of the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange-listed companies and analysed using a Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling. The result indicates that internal audit function competence does not affect the external auditors ' reliance on internal audit function work. Nevertheless, the result shows that the competence of internal audit function has a positive effect on the external auditors ' …

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