Digital Commons Network^™

Prefrontal Engagement In Cognitive Flexibility Across Paradigms, Katarina Kalajzic

Honors Scholar Theses

Cognitive flexibility is an executive function that involves dynamically adapting behavior in the face of changing environmental circumstances to achieve a particular goal. Disrupted in numerous psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, OCD, and depression, the neural correlates of cognitive flexibility are not well understood. However, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is strongly implicated in executive function and attentional control processes. Thus, we sought to examine the neural circuitry involved in distinct cognitive flexibility tasks – the attentional set-shifting task and the probabilistic 2-armed bandit task. Through optogenetic suppression, we targeted pyramidal neurons of the rodent medial prefrontal cortex, an …

Awareness Of Green Infrastructure Projects Near Johnson Creek Restoration Sites In Portland, Oregon, Kate R. Cullinan, Anita T. Morzillo

Honors Scholar Theses

Green infrastructure plays an increasingly important role in managing stormwater and improving human connection to nature in urban areas. My objective was to examine resident awareness of green infrastructure (GI) projects near Johnson Creek restoration sites in the City of Portland, Oregon. Using a mail survey, residents reported their awareness of local water features undergoing restoration. Geographic Information Systems analysis was used to measure the distance, by both street network and Euclidian distance, from each respondent’s residence to the closest active green infrastructure water feature project. Linear regression was used to determine the relationships between the three dependent variables and …

Ai In Wonderland, Bodj Oliver Alngohuro

Honors Scholar Theses

Studies in sound symbolism have revealed a baseline preference for people to associate certain sounds with certain concepts. The Bouba/Kiki effect, for instance, reveals a preference for individuals to associate “Bouba” with a round shape and “Kiki” with a sharp shape (Köhler 1929). Other studies have revealed other associations with certain sounds and names with concepts, such as “Mil” referring to something small and “Mal” referring to something big (Sidhu and Pexman, 2017). This study looks at LLMs and how they compare to humans concerning intuitions for certain names based on sound symbolism.

Munificence: The History And Legacy Of The Munson Steamship Line, 1865–1955, Nicholas C. Benda

Honors Scholar Theses

This paper provides an overview of the Munson Steamship Line, an American steamship company founded by Captain Walter David Munson. A veteran of the American Civil War, Captain Munson visited Cuba following the war’s conclusion and became involved in Cuba’s oil and sugar industries, gradually becoming involved in the international sugar shipping trade. An 1890 innovation in shipboard technology and its impact on the Cuban American molasses trade was a moment that established a multi-generational maritime empire, officially incorporating the Munson Steamship Line shortly after the American intervention in the Cuban War of Independence and expanding throughout the Atlantic. His …

Pathogenic Leptospira Adherence To Epithelial Cells: A Comparison Between Different Hosts Based On Outcome Of Disease, Imaan G. Masood

Honors Scholar Theses

Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease with global distribution caused by infection with pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Bacterial adherence to host cells is considered a crucial step in leptospiral infection and dissemination. However, the role of host-specific cellular interactions in disease outcome remains poorly understood. In this study, the adherence of pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar Manilae strain L495 and saprophytic Leptospira biflexa serovar Patoc I to kidney epithelial cell lines was investigated. The differing cell lines modeled reservoir, subclinical and acute disease hosts. Infection of rat kidney (RK3E), mouse kidney (TCMK-1), and hamster kidney cells (HaK) were evaluated …

Too Big To Fail Or Built To Survive? Government Intervention And Corporate Resilience In The Global Automotive Industry During The 2007–2009 Financial Crisis, Reagan A. Waurishuk

Honors Scholar Theses

The 2007-2009 financial crisis displayed how many industries lacked sustainability during times of market volatility. It revealed structural vulnerabilities, especially in the global automotive industry. This case study and analysis intend to examine why certain major automakers were able to survive the crisis without bankruptcy, such as Ford, Toyota, Honda, and BMW AG, while other competitors required company-wide restructuring and government assistance. This research investigates the extent and timing of government support. It also investigates the influence of these loans on firm rebound rates and whether the companies that were provided with aid were prioritized based on size or weakness. …

Multiplexing Reductive Alkylation Of Peptides For Quantitative Proteomics, Kevin C. Souza

Honors Scholar Theses

Reductive alkylation is a robust and commonly used labeling technique for quantifying proteins and peptides in complex samples using mass spectrometry. This technique involves the attachment of alkyl groups to an amino group at the N-terminus and lysine residues of a peptide, causing a mass shift that is detectable using mass spectrometry. This work aims to explore the application of reductive alkyl labeling in multiplexed quantitative proteomics. The first part of the study investigates the effectiveness of the labeling of peptides using a variety of aldehydes via reductive alkylation. The aldehydes were chosen, such that they provided various degrees of …

When Mac Shouldn’T Smile Back: Anthropomorphic Logo And Effect On Consumer Perceptions Of Generative Artificial Intelligence, Ainsley E. Ballard

Honors Scholar Theses

Drawing on prior research suggesting that anthropomorphic design can increase trust, liking, and perceived competence, this research investigates whether these effects extend to generative artificial intelligence logos. A three-group between-subjects study was conducted to examine how varying levels of logo anthropomorphization influenced consumer perceptions of an artificial intelligence brand. In being assigned to one of three logo conditions, humanoid (high anthropomorphism), animalistic (moderate anthropomorphism), or nature/geometric (low anthropomorphism), participants evaluated the new logo across multiple dimensions, including liking, brand fit, trustworthiness, and willingness to buy. Contrary to the initial hypothesis, the low anthropomorphism condition consistently received the most positive ratings, …

Factors Affecting Pedestrian-Vehicle Conflicts: An Empirical Analysis, Christo D. Jamo

Honors Scholar Theses

The number of pedestrian deaths increased by 78% between 2009 and 2023, while other motor vehicle crash deaths increased by 13% in the same period [1]. To identify potential pedestrian safety measures, this study analyzed the effects of location-based demographics, pedestrian phasing type, and other physical infrastructure and behavior variables on the probability of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts at signalized intersections, which is a surrogate measure of crash risk. Data were collected from 55 intersections in Connecticut, and the pedestrian-vehicle interactions were classified by severity based on the Swedish Traffic Conflict Technique: undisturbed passage, potential conflict, minor conflict, or serious conflict. Because …

Gender-Neutral Insurance Reform In The United States: Actuarial Challenges In Pricing And Reserving, Matthew O'Connor

Honors Scholar Theses

This paper examines whether gender remains an appropriate rating variable in the U.S. insurance industry. Gender has historically been used across several lines of insurance because it has demonstrated predictive value in areas such as mortality, claim frequency, and health utilization. However, the continued use of gender creates challenges as insurance systems attempt to accommodate individuals who do not fall within traditional male/female binary classifications.

The paper first reviews the current state of gender use in U.S. insurance, including examples from auto, health, life, and annuity markets. It then considers equity and ethical concerns, particularly the tension between actuarial fairness …

Inosine Accelerates Cancer Cell Killing By The Experimental Antifolate Ucp1162: Implications For Novel Combination Treatments, Reshma Ramesh, Charles Giardina, Alan Kuo

Honors Scholar Theses

Antifolates disrupt one-carbon metabolism (OCM), which stops nucleotide synthesis and therefore slows down cell proliferation. Our experimental antifolate, UCP1162, stops de novo purine synthesis and thymidine synthesis by targeting the OCM pathway. We investigated whether the downstream metabolites of OCM pathway: methionine, thymidine, and inosine, affect the cell death caused by UCP1162 using MV4-11 leukemia cells. Thymidine was found to partially rescue MV4-11 cells from UCP1162, in contrast, inosine was found to accelerate the cell death caused by UCP1162. These cytotoxic effects of UCP1162 alone and in combination with inosine were irreversible, as removal of treatment did not restore cell …

Policing The Bench: Why State Legislatures Target Judicial Ethics Commissions, Emily R. Grayson

Honors Scholar Theses

This thesis examines the factors driving state legislatures to restructure judicial ethics commissions. Although judicial autonomy is foundational to the American legal system, these reforms signal a growing legislative willingness to exert direct influence over the bench. With a particular focus in Texas and Georgia, this study compares the variables that shape reforms and the common themes that are present in the legislative debates. Using Devlin and Wildeman’s (2021) framework as a guide, the specific arguments made by legislators regarding these reforms are examined in an effort to understand how they justified or contested the changes. By analyzing legislative discourse …

Validation Of A Real-Time Pcr Laboratory Developed Test For The Detection Of Pneumocystis Jirovecii In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples, Caitlyn Moon

Honors Scholar Theses

Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic, host-obligate fungal pathogen responsible for causing P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in humans. PJP is treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), a strong broad-spectrum antibiotic that carries risk of renal and hepatotoxicity. Therefore, rapid diagnosis or exclusion of PJP is crucial to ensure PJP-positive patients receive effective treatment and PJP-negative patients avoid unnecessary antibiotics. Unlike most microorganisms, P. jirovecii cannot be cultured, presenting complications for the typical methods of diagnosing fungal pathogens. Historically, the gold standard for diagnosis was direct microscopic examination with stains such as methenamine silver and calcofluor white, but this diagnostic technique requires highly skilled …

Home Cage Pre-Training Enhances Behavioral Task Performance In Head-Fixed Mice, Richard Zou, Claudia Mizerek, Nicholas Audette Dr.

Honors Scholar Theses

Animals utilize predictive processing to improve the processing of sensory information by reducing neural responses to anticipated stimuli and increasing responses to unexpected ones. Prior studies use simple, single-prediction, head-fixed behavioral paradigms, leaving it unclear how the brain stores and processes multiple predictions. Animals must be taught sound generating behaviors to study multiple, simultaneous predictions; however, learning in head-fixed conditions is inefficient. Therefore, we developed a two-lever behavioral task with auditory feedback and exposed mice to the task in home cages prior to switching to head-fixed training. Behavioral analysis suggests that mice understand key components of the task during pre-training, …

Play To Win: A Randomized Controlled Trial To Assess The Effects Of Play-Based Training On Upper Extremity Function In Children With Hemiplegia, Vivian London

Honors Scholar Theses

Hemiplegia, or paralysis of one side of the body, is the primary symptom of unilateral cerebral palsy, a subtype of cerebral palsy, the most common movement disorder in children. Standard of care is regular physical and occupational therapy to improve performance in bimanual activities, but conventional therapy can be expensive and draining for caregivers and children, so a need exists for a novel intervention that can take place at home and that is economical for families while being engaging for children. This thesis reports data from a subset of ten children seen as part of a randomized controlled clinical trial …

Undergraduate Nursing Students’ Reactions To Germ Exposure Based On The Big 5 Personalities, Elizabeth Macdonald

Honors Scholar Theses

Despite extensive didactic and clinical training, variability in adherence to infection prevention practices in undergraduate nursing students exists. Individual differences, such as personality, may help to explain this inconsistency. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which the Big Five personality traits were associated with self-reported pathogen mitigation or avoidance behavior in undergraduate nursing students. An online survey design was used with undergraduate nursing students. Participants were presented with scenarios depicting different pathogen exposures and asked to indicate their likelihood of engaging in pathogen mitigation behaviors. The Big Five personality traits were also assessed, and bivariate …

Identifying And Quantifying The Presence And Benefits Of Natural Products In Commonly Consumed Herbs, Fruits, And Teas, Angelica Velasquez

Honors Scholar Theses

Natural products are primary or secondary metabolites derived from plants, animals, or microorganisms that display bioactive properties which can be beneficial to human health. Such properties include antibiotic, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and may play a role in drug discovery. These compounds can be isolated and synthetically altered to enhance their therapeutic potential. However, isolating individual compounds from natural sources is often challenging due to their low abundances. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) enables the detection of trace-level metabolites, making it an indispensable tool in the screening process. In this study, GC-MS was utilized to identify and quantify natural compounds in 12 …

The Development Of A Crispr-Based Calibrated Functional Assay For Classifying Pathogenicity Of Msh2 And Msh6 Variants In Lynch Syndrome, Olivia N. Amodeo

Honors Scholar Theses

Lynch syndrome is a hereditary disease caused by the inheritance of a mismatch repair gene variant. Individuals with this condition are predisposed to cancer development, most commonly colorectal cancer. Current guidelines for variant classification are based on numerous evidence categories, including functional evidence. However, many novel clinical variants are not well characterized, and evidence is difficult to obtain if functional assays are not calibrated.

To address this, our lab created a calibrated functional assay that calculates an odds of pathogenicity score for MSH2 and MSH6 gene variants that can be used as evidence for classifying variants of uncertain significance. This …

Connecting The Dots: Hbcus, Access To Ai Education, And The Realities Of Public-Private Collaboration, Whitney Wells

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to reshape workforce demands and educational priorities, this partnership has emerged as a potentially effective mechanism for advancing equitable access to emerging technologies. However, limited research has explored how and why diverse organizations engage in such collaborations, particularly in regions facing persistent educational and economic disparities. This study examines the organizational motivations driving participation in the Mississippi AI Collaborative (MAIC), a multi-sector partnership involving a higher education institution, industry partners, nonprofits, and a K-12 system. While the MAIC focuses specifically on AI education and training, the purpose of this study is not to examine AI …

A Needs Assessment For College Students Of Incarcerated Parents (Csips), Deetra A. Wiley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The presence and needs of children of incarcerated parents are largely invisible within higher education, even though they experience a variety of adverse social, emotional, and academic outcomes. A population that navigates complex trauma, financial instability, stigma, and institutional neglect with limited support is the focus of this dissertation in practice (DiP): College Students of Incarcerated Parents (CSIPS). This manuscript assesses the availability of institutional services and examines the academic challenges faced by CSIPS, as guided by the Advocacy Strategy Framework (Kozleski, 2010). A thorough examination of the literature has revealed that a sense of belonging and academic persistence are …

School Counselor Preparation For Supporting Special Education Competencies In Mississippi, Rachel Mcclain

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

School counselors play a critical role in supporting the academic, social, emotional, and career development of students with disabilities (SWD) in K-12 educational settings. However, current preparation standards provide limited guidance regarding how school counseling programs should prepare school counselors-in-training to work with special education populations. This qualitative case study explored how two CACREP-accredited school counseling programs in Mississippi prepare school counselors-in-training to support SWD. Participants included school counselor educators, site supervisors, and school counseling interns affiliated with the programs. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and a document review of course syllabi and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed …

Exploring Integrated Arts Education For Students With Autism, Karen Denise Harrison

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often misunderstood because of challenges in communication, social-emotional development, and sensory processing. Neuroscience research highlights that individuals with ASD process information and stimuli differently, particularly in areas related to sensory integration, executive functioning, and emotional regulation. Traditional educational methods often isolate these students from their neurotypical peers, reducing opportunities to engage meaningfully with standards-based curricula. Integrated arts education offers an alternative approach, aligning with neuroscience principles by engaging multiple brain regions through movement, rhythm, imagery, and creativity, allowing students with ASD to demonstrate their learning through project-based and creative experiences that meet diverse …

Could Grange Membership Reduce Brain Drain?: Perceptions Of Student Fraternal Members On Returning To Rural America After Graduation, Amanda Leigh Brozana

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Rural communities across the United States continue to experience population decline as young adults with postsecondary aspirations often leave their hometowns in pursuit of educational and economic opportunities. This migration, commonly referred to as rural brain drain, is often a result of the cumulative effects of limited access to postsecondary resources, career pathways, and community infrastructure that support rural retention. While extensive research documents the economic and educational dimensions of this phenomenon, fewer studies explore the influence of social, civic, and fraternal organizations on sustaining rural identity and fostering connection to place. This Dissertation in Practice proposes a study to …

The Impact Of County School Zone Policies On Retention And Racial Composition In Schools: A Study Of Florida's Ten Largest Urban School Districts, Jazanae Alize Humphries

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study explores how zoning policies contribute to academic disparities in Florida’s Ten largest urban school districts. This study selected Florida because it operates a large public school system with diverse urban districts that enforce geographic assignment policies within shared statewide policies. These districts serve large populations, manage substantial demographic inequality, and rely heavily on boundary based school assignment, making them significantly important to examine zoning governance in education. To better understand this for Florida districts is significantly important as there is limited research on how zoning policies are enforced across large districts, which serve the majority of urban black …

Institutional Strain And Substance Coping: Analyzing Perceived Racial Discrimination As A Predictor Of Adolescent Marijuana Use, Fahad Bin Islam Khan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the relationship between perceived racial/ethnic discrimination, psychological distress, and youth marijuana consumption through the lens of the General Strain Theory. It uses the complete-case sample from the 2023 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), which surveyed 17,268 high school students across the United States, in a cross-sectional study. The study used logistic regression analyses to assess the association between perceived racial or ethnic bias (e.g., actual discriminatory experiences), psychological distress, and substance use (marijuana), and how closely emotional stress linked these two phenomena. The results indicate that perceived discrimination has a significant positive association (greater likelihood) with both …

Kairosformer: Hybrid Transformer For Time Series Forecasting, Koichi Nishida

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Long-term time-series forecasting is a fundamental problem in real-world applications such as financial modeling and weather forecasting. While Transformer-based architectures have shown strong performance in sequence modeling like natural language processing and computer vision, their direct application to time-series forecasting faces challenges including quadratic computational complexity and capturing inherent temporal dependencies. Recent works such as Informer and Autoformer address these limitations through sparse attention mechanisms and series decomposition, but introduce trade-offs between predictive accuracy and computational efficiency.

In this thesis, we propose Kairosformer, a Transformer-based architecture for long-horizon time-series forecasting that integrates probabilistic attention with series-wise temporal aggregation. By combining …

A Framing Analysis Of The Uvalde School Shooting In Two National Newspapers, S M Shams Rahman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates the media framing of the May 24, 2022, shooting at the Robb Elementary School in Uvalde, Texas, by comparing the coverage of two national newspapers, The Washington Post and The New York Times. Using the spatial-temporal scheme provided by Chyi & McCombs (2004), this study conducted a quantitative content analysis of 241 samples from a month’s coverage of the event in the two newspapers. The study attempted to identify whether there was any difference in the use of spatial, temporal, and spatial-temporal combination frames between the two newspapers, and whether there were any significant frame-changing patterns in …

A Generalization Of Plane Partitions And Approximations Of The Resulting Function, Annette Jeanine Shinn

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is a generalization of two results which involve finding approximations of partition functions. The first is by Ayla Gafni in 2016, who found an approximation for the number of ways to partition a number n into k-th powers. The second is by E. M. Wright in 1931, who found an approximation for plane partitions. We look at a generalized partition function pk1,k2(n) that includes both cases and find an approximation for pk1,k2(n).

With Equity And Inclusivity For All: Self-Reported Preparedness Of Band Directors To Teach Students With Exceptional Needs, Kendra Jenkins Lee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The traditional memory theory of personal identity relies on an implicit storage model of memory to explain how the self persists over time. This model assumes that memories endure as stable representations that can be accurately retrieved, and that such representational continuity grounds diachronic identity. However, contemporary cognitive science demonstrates that remembering is an active and reconstructive process. Each act of recall reorganizes and transforms prior experience during the window of ecphory. This reconstructive reality poses a significant philosophical challenge. If memory is inherently unstable and transformable, it cannot straightforwardly ground the kind of continuity the theory requires.

In this …

Three Implications For Leibniz’S Principle Of Sufficient Reason, Josiah Omiecinski

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Principle of Sufficient Reason (PSR) states that for everything that is the case, there is a reason for it being the case. The PSR has been a widely used principle in philosophy dating back to Parmenides (~500 BCE). While many philosophers are commonly associated with the PSR, none are as strongly associated with it than Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. This paper derives three surprising implications for Leibniz’s PSR from Leibniz’s claim that God, an unlimited mind, does not engage in reasoning while limited minds, like humans, do engage in reasoning. The implications are: A distinction between the PSR qua a …