Digital Commons Network^™

Human Security Or State Security? Afghan Refugees And Policy Dilemmas In Pakistan, Saad Zakria, Azmat Ullah

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Between 2008 and 2022, Pakistan faced a complex policy dilemma in managing Afghan refugees, balancing humanitarian obligations with national security concerns. After hosting Afghan refugees for more than four decades, Pakistan's approach gradually shifted from humanitarian accommodation and regional solidarity to securitization, stricter documentation, border controls, and repatriation efforts. Analysis of secondary data shows that many refugees experienced legal uncertainty, limited access to education and healthcare, poor labor conditions, and pressure to return despite instability in Afghanistan. Simultaneously, Pakistan confronted genuine challenges, including terrorism risks, irregular migration, economic burdens, declining international assistance, and pressure on public services. The study argues …

Islamic Hijab As A Border Of Cloth: A Critical Spatial Theory Perspective, Latifah Abdulgani Abdulrahman Bin Nafisah

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the Islamic hijab, transcending traditional interpretations that often focus solely on political, cultural, religious, or gender dimensions. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the hijab through the application of critical spatial theory. It also fills this theoretical gap by providing a theoretical overview of the hijab with reference to Henri Lefebvre's concept of the spatial triad and Edward Soja's concept of Third Space, mainly. Using a conceptual and interdisciplinary strategy, the research combines the idea of sacred space in Islam with contemporary spatial theory to create a holistic understanding of …

Lexicogrammatical Specificities In L2 Academic Writing: An Across And Within Disciplinary Corpus Linguistic Study, Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Mushtaq, Maryyam Jabeen, Ali Raza Siddique

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This corpus-based study investigated disciplinary specificities in the use of lexicogrammatical features in academic writing produced by the writers of English as a second language (L2) across and within disciplines. The corpus for this study was developed from the doctoral dissertation texts of four disciplinary groups across 16 disciplines and was analyzed systematically in AntConc after tagging with TagAnt and Multidimensional Analysis taggers. The corpus comprised 160 doctoral dissertations (10 per discipline, 40 per disciplinary group) totalling 3,613,190 words: arts and humanities (English, history, linguistics, philosophy), social sciences (economics, law, politics, sociology), life sciences (agriculture, biology, food sciences, psychology), and …

Women In The Intellectual World Of Rızaeddin Bin Fahreddin From Idyll-Ural Turks, Ümit Akin

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Rızaeddin Bin Fahreddin, one of the most important intellectuals of Russian Turks, produced many works in the fields of religion, literature, philosophy, and pedagogy. While he was still a student at the madrasah, his acquaintance with the reformist thought of Mercani, a reformist thinker from the Idyl Ural Turks, brought about a discussion and questioning in his world of ideas. According to him, the awakening of the Muslims of Russia from the sleep of heedlessness could only be possible through education. For this reason, he devoted his life to research in this way, tried to find out the reasons for …

Salivary Evaluation Of Lactoferrin, Calprotectin, Flow Rate, And Ph In Pregnant Women And Their Role In Oral Disease Progression: An In Vivo Study, Zaid Hamzah Helwas Haider, Maha Abdulkareem

International Arab Journal of Dentistry

Introductions: Pregnancy induces hormonal and immunological changes that may alter salivary composition. However, the interaction between salivary biomarkers and pregnancy stage in relation to oral disease progression remains incompletely understood.

Aim: This study evaluated salivary lactoferrin, calprotectin, mucin, flow rate, and pH during pregnancy and examined their associations with dental indices across gestational stages.

Methods: Ninety women aged 25–30 years were enrolled in a case–control study and equally categorized as firsttrimester pregnant, third-trimester pregnant, or non-pregnant controls. Unstimulated saliva was collected for biomarker quantification using ELISA. Oral health was assessed using plaque, gingival, and calculus indices, along …

The Parthenon, October 15, 2026, Trista Honaker, Davina Snyder, Soleil Woolard, Alana Romero-Lozano, Claire Johnson, Hannah Anderson, Tally Mamula

The Parthenon

No abstract provided.

Combined Effects Of Postdistillation Residue Blends From Medicinal Plants On In Vitro Ruminal Microorganisms, Enzymes, Nitrogen And Energy Efficiency, And Antioxidant Status, Mojtaba Akbari Shooshood, Javad Rezaei, Mahdi Ayyari, Yousef Rouzbehan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the combined effects of postdistillation residue blends, including pomace, wastewater, and their mixture, derived from rosemary (RO), fennel (FE), spearmint (SP), and rose (ROS), on in vitro microbial populations, enzymatic activities, fermentation, and antioxidant status were evaluated using the gas production technique. The three phytobiotic blends were MP (mixed pomace of RO, FE, SP, and ROS; 1:1:1:1 ratio), MW (mixed wastewater of RO, FE, SP, and ROS; 1:1:1:1 ratio), and MPW (mixed pomace–wastewater of MP and MW; 1:1 ratio). Each blend was used at 2% and 3% of diet dry matter (DM). The experimental diets were as …

Ethylcyanoacrylate Adhesive And Microperforated Polyethylene Tape For The Cutaneous Closure Of Bitches Following Unilateral Total Mastectomy, Leonardo Martins Leal, Fábio Rodrigo Castro Bastos, Joseneia Boeing, Gabriel Aguiar Pavilak, Isaac Romani, Tais Harumi De Castro Sasahara, Paola Castro Moraes

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The use of ethylcyanoacrylate (Super Bonder®) adhesive and microperforated polyethylene tape (Transpore) for the cutaneous closure of extensive wounds following unilateral mastectomy was evaluated, and the healing process was clinically assessed. Included in the study were 15 bitches diagnosed with mammary neoplasia, aged 4–14 years and weighing 3–33 kg. All bitches underwent a 30–60 cm craniocaudal cutaneous incision through the skin in the ventral thoracoabdominal region. Following excision of the tumor and the entire mammary chain, the adjacent tissues were approximated with polyglecaprone 25 sutures. Skin-edge coaptation was achieved through the application of adhesive to half of each wound, while …

Investigation Of Feed Values With In Vitro Technique And Chemical Properties, Particle Size Of Total Mixed Rations Prepared In Commercial Dairy Farms, Özlem Karcioğlu, Betül Zehra Sariçi̇çek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to investigate the chemical and physical properties and feed values of total mixed rations used on dairy cattle farms in Ankara Province. Included in the study were three farms from each of the five districts of Ankara Province (atotal of 15 commercial dairy farms). Total mixed ration (TMR) samples were collected weekly from each farm over a 3-month period in 2025. The chemical composition (crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL)), in vitro digestibility parameters (in vitro gas production (IVGP), methane production (MP), organic …

Optimizing Marination Methodology, Holding Temperature, And Holding Time To Upgrade The Physicochemical And Sensorial Attributes Of Japanese Quail (Coturnix Japonica) Breast Fillets, Naveen Uduwawithana, Ruvini Mutucumarana

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim was to optimize the effect of meat marination method (unmarinated, tumbling, injection, and immersion), holding temperature (4 oC and 8 oC), and holding time (4 h, 8 h, and 12 h) on the physicochemical and sensorial properties of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) breast fillets. Ninety-six deboned breast fillets (mean weight ± SD; 10 g ± 2) from 42-day-old unsexed Japanese quails were marinated. Injection marination showed the highest uptake (p < 0.05). The method × temperature × time interaction (p < 0.05) was significant for cooking yield, meat pH, hardness, cooking loss, and surface color lightness (L*). The highest pH (p < 0.05) was reported when the unmarinated control was retained for 8 h. Tumbling marinated meat when held for 12 h at 8 oC yielded the maximum cooking yield (60.3%). The cooking loss was minimal in unmarinated, tumbled, and immersion-marinated meat when held for 12 h. Irrespective of the temperature, 4-h holding time caused the minimum meat hardness in all four treatments. Tumble-marinated meat when held for 12 h at 8 oC resulted in the minimum cooking loss, hardness, and lightness (L*), as well as the maximum cooking yield. Meat when held at 4 oC for 4 h following injection marination had the highest scores for color, aroma, marinade penetration, flavor, and overall acceptability. In conclusion, quail breast fillets when tumble-marinated and held at 8 oC for 12 h were the best in terms of overall meat quality. Quail breast fillets held for 4 h at 4 oC following injection marination were rated highest by the panelists.

Integrated Multigeneration System Utilizing Industrial Gas Engine Waste Heat For Power, Oxygen, Hydrogen Generation, And Process Heat Supply: A Thermodynamic, Exergo-Economic, And Environmental Analysis, Md Musfiqur Rahman, Md Shahriar Mohtasim, Barun K. Das

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Integrating waste heat recovery units into industrial energy infrastructure provides a sustainable solution by reducing reliance on fossil fuels and improving substantial plant efficiency. Recent studies have addressed this issue using Brayton, Rankine, organic Rankine, thermoelectric, and electrolysis-assisted waste heat recovery systems for power, heat, hydrogen, or other useful outputs. However, many configurations recover exhaust gas and jacket water heat separately, focus mainly on electricity, and provide limited source-to-sink matching for industrial steam, process heat, oxygen demand, cost, and environmental performance. This study proposes a source-to-sink matched multigeneration system for a 10 MW Wärtsilä 20V34SG gas engine, where each waste …

“All The World Is A (Debate) Stage”: College Debates As A Form Of Civic Engagement, Sara S. Whipple, Valentina Dimitrova-Grajzl, Kim Connolly

eJournal of Public Affairs

Political division and self-censorship in the United States have risen considerably in recent years. One means of countering such divides and siloed dialogue is through civil discourse that exposes people to diverse viewpoints. In an effort to bridge partisan divides, the Braver Angels Organization developed a debate format centered on these principles. Virginia Military Institute is one college campus that has adopted such debates as a form of civic engagement. In this paper we describe the development of the VMI College Debates and Discourse Program which has become a leading community of practice in civil discourse and engagement across college …

Civic Engagement And Community-Based Learning: Testing A Pedagogical Pathway To Transformative Learning, Joellen Pederson, Phillip Poplin, Alix Dowling Fink

eJournal of Public Affairs

Harry Boyte (2008) contends that civic agency requires an “enabling environment” and a “broader set of capacities and skills required to take confident, skillful, imaginative, collective action in fluid and open environments where there is no script” (p. 10, 11). The Field Immersion Framework (FIF), an adaptable four-stage pedagogical scaffold, engages students in place-based learning and civic engagement by immersing them in contentious civic issues in the communities in which the issues are contested. In several iterations of an FIF-structured course focused on the stewardship of public lands, we implemented a reflection activity that drew on elements of Hoggan’s (2016) …

Community Engagement And A Preservice Teachers Mathematics Course, Jean M. Mistele

eJournal of Public Affairs

This article focuses on a civic engagement experience, as defined by Ehrlich (2000), between preservice teachers enrolled in a math class and a local community-based partner located in a mid-Atlantic state in rural Appalachia. The mathematics course is one of three required for graduation and it is taught in the Mathematics and Statistics department. The content includes algebra, probability, and statistics for grades K-8. Some of the mathematics lessons include social issues such as water quality and endangered species using real world data, which is the foundation for the two semester project options: 1) research or 2) community engagement. The …

Creating Student-Generated Infographics To Foster Civic Engagement Research In A First-Year Seminar, Carlton A. Usher

eJournal of Public Affairs

Infographics, visual tools like charts or diagrams, simplify complex data into accessible formats. This study explores how student-generated infographics foster civic engagement in a first-year seminar. Survey data from first-year students (N=29) revealed 85% rated the project highly valuable, and 87% reported improved retention of societal issues. While research was the least favored aspect, students praised the project’s creativity and peer-sharing potential, with 40% emphasizing its value for visual learning. Most expressed confidence in sharing their work publicly. These findings support the use of infographics as a pedagogical tool for enhancing civic engagement among first-year students navigating academic transitions. Future …

Overcoming Barriers To Housing And Community Engagement In The Bronx, Pamela Ransom Dr., Aboubkar Keita

eJournal of Public Affairs

Understanding the complex factors affecting engagement related to available community resources related to housing access and supports in urban areas where housing is scarce, is crucial because of the varied hazards contributing to current high levels of housing demand and stress impacting large numbers. This project explored perceptions, barriers, and opportunities to foster community engagement around housing supports, with a special focus on issues in the Bronx in New York City. By prioritizing attention to a holistic, collaborative approach to needs assessment and implementation of a pilot project for change using the Constructive Action educational methodology, the article presents a …

Global Advocacy Plan: My Heart Ok, Lucille J. Downing, Estevao F. De Souza, Katherine M. Pallas

Global Advocacy

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an umbrella term that encompasses heart disease and stroke and remains the leading cause of death for both women and men in the United States and worldwide. Although this burden is well documented, awareness of CVD risk factors and prevention strategies is often limited at the local level, particularly among rural and underserved populations in Oklahoma, where elevated cardiovascular risk and mortality persist.

The My Heart OK advocacy plan aims to bridge CVD-related disparities in Oklahoma through patient-centered, nurse-led educational outreach designed to increase awareness of disease burden, risk profiles, symptom recognition, and lifestyle modification. Aligned …

2026-10-15 Why Don’T You Have A Seat At Primetime? [Review], Maya Deguzman

The Spectator Online

No abstract provided.

Implementing A High-Risk Screening Checklist To Reduce 30-Day Readmissions In Skilled Nursing Facility Residents, Kayla G. Williamson

Group: Nebraska Methodist College

Hospital readmissions from skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) contribute to poor patient outcomes, increased healthcare costs, and financial strain on healthcare systems. Older adults in SNFs are at increased risk for rehospitalization due to chronic illness, polypharmacy, and functional decline. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to implement a standardized high-risk screening checklist to improve identification of residents at risk for hospital readmission and reduce preventable 30-day readmissions among adults aged 65 years and older in a skilled nursing facility.

This project used a quasi-experimental pre- and post-implementation design without a control group and was guided by the Chronic …

Stewards Of Data: A Practical Handbook For Undergraduate Researchers In Engineering And Applied Sciences, Şenay Purzer, Wei Zakharov, Carla B. Zoltowski

Purdue University Press Books

Filled with actionable guides and real-world examples, Stewards of Data: A Practical Handbook for Undergraduate Researchers in Engineering and Applied Sciences allows readers to utilize the provided templates and guides almost immediately. In today’s world, data is ubiquitous and AI is growing exponentially. Practicing ethical data management is, therefore, crucial. Ensuring that data is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable is essential. This book is an interdisciplinary effort aimed at embedding ethical data life-cycle management education into undergraduate research. The authors present a Data Steward Framework, which serves as a guide for undergraduate researchers, the graduate students who mentor them, postdocs, …

Illuminating Perspectives Through Critical Visual Literacy, Wanju Huang, Filipa Machado Rodrigues, Lee Okan, Catalina Huilcapi-Collantes, Ellen Corrigan, Peter Klubek

Purdue University Press Books

Illuminating Perspectives Through Critical Visual Literacy exemplifies the initiatives put forth by the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA), a diverse community of professionals dedicated to enhancing people’s understanding of how to interpret visual stimuli and engage with their visual surroundings. Featuring peer-reviewed essays that encourage ongoing dialogue among diverse groups, this book intends to spark new insights into everything from the arts and sciences to business and instructional technology. A key strength of IVLA is its variety of scholarly conferences and publications that encourage thought-provoking interaction between practitioners and theorists. Illuminating Perspectives Through Critical Visual Literacy showcases insightful works that …

Analytical Biochemistry: A Practical Handbook For Undergraduates, Mark C. Hall

Purdue University Press Books

Methods for characterizing proteins are central to the early stages of drug development and are highly relevant to careers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. These skills are best learned through hands-on practice in academic laboratory settings. Analytical Biochemistry: A Practical Handbook for Undergraduates presents a laboratory course specifically designed to teach protein analytical techniques to postsecondary students in biochemistry and related fields. Readers are guided through a semester-long research project that mirrors how scientific work is conducted in both academic and industry environments. Instead of focusing on isolated weekly exercises, students work toward a single overarching goal and learn …

Hrae-Stack: A Leakage-Controlled, Calibrated, And Explainable Stacking Framework For Icu Mortality Prediction, Kareem Hameed Khalaf, A. Moallemi Khiavi, Dhafar Hamed Abd

Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

ICU mortality prediction requires more than good discriminative ability; the development process should minimize optimistic bias and produce clinically meaningful probabilities. In this work, we introduce HRAE-Stack, a heterogeneous stacking method that combines fold-dependent preprocessing, consensus feature selection, four tree-based models, entropy-modulated out-of-fold meta-features, Bayesian ridge averaging, and probability calibration. We estimated all transformations and model selection decisions within development folds and fixed them before the model is evaluated on the unobserved held-out partition. Mean receiver operating characteristic–area under the curve (ROC-AUC) was 0.974 ± 0.018, and the mean Brier score was 0.045 ± 0.032 for 10-fold cross-validation. ROC-AUC for …

The Non-Biblical Source Of Medieval Usury Prohibitions, Phil Gramm, Patrick Gray, Robert B. Ekelund

Journal of New Finance

Ecclesiastical and secular prohibitions of usury—often equated with any charging of interest on a loan—and their impact on commerce and economic progress in medieval Europe have long been recognized. In this paper we revisit one aspect of the debate, namely, the use of the ancient philosophical sources and the biblical texts by ancient and medieval writers. On the basis of a close reading of the Parable of the Talents (Matthew 25:14-30) and a review of the secondary literature devoted to it, we argue that in the New Testament Jesus attaches no moral stigma to moneylending. It is therefore surprising that …

Infrastructure Versus Ethnicity: An Examination Of Digital Competency Development Among Vietnamese Preservice Teachers, Tieu Thi My Hong, Le Thi Van Anh

Higher Learning Research Communications

Objectives: This study examined digital competency levels and influencing factors among Vietnamese ethnic minority preservice teachers to test whether infrastructure transformation challenges deficit-based assumptions about ethnic minority students’ digital competency.

Methods: Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, we surveyed 1,405 preservice teachers across Vietnam (41.4% ethnic minorities) using a DigCompEdu-adapted instrument across five domains, followed by semi-structured interviews with 24 participants.

Results: Ethnic minority preservice teachers demonstrated competency equivalent to Kinh-majority peers (M = 3.57 vs. 3.59, p = .541, d = .02) across all five domains. Preparation pathway was statistically associated with competency, although the effect was small …

Art Inquiries, Vol. 21, Oct. 15, 2026 - Full Issue, Kris K. Belden-Adams

Art Inquiries

No abstract provided.

Floras, Manuals, & Checklists Of The Vascular Plants Of North America: A Bibliography, James P. Smith Jr

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Apoptosis In Peripheral Blood And Milk Immune Cells During Lactation In Dairy Cows With Subclinical Mastitis, Mykola Mykolayovich Zhelavskyi

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The lactation cycle is considered one of the most physiologically demanding periods in dairy cows and is accompanied by substantial immunological remodeling. In the present study, spontaneous apoptosis of lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils was evaluated in clinically healthy Ukrainian Black and White dairy cows (n = 28, aged 3–5 years) during different stages of the lactation cycle: colostrum period (3–5 days), mid‑lactation (90–150 days), drying‑off (5–7 days), and dry period (12–20 days). A further group of 28 cows with subclinical mastitis confirmed by the California Mastitis Test was also included in the study. Peripheral blood and milk samples were collected …

Changes In Mohair Cortisol Concentration And Fiber Growth During Gestation In Angora Goats, Beyzanur Aköz, Erkan Pehli̇van

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis plays a central role in regulating long-term stress responses. Keratin-based matrices represent a noninvasive approach for assessing long-term HPA axis activity in farm animals. The present study investigates gestational changes in mohair cortisol concentration and mohair fiber length in Angora goats under routine farm conditions. Clinically healthy does (n = 29; 14 aged 1.5 years and 15 aged 2.5 years) were monitored during the breeding season, and pregnancy was confirmed in 16 does. Mohair samples were collected monthly, fiber length was measured, and cortisol concentrations were quantified using an ELISA. Mohair cortisol concentrations were not significantly …