Digital Commons Network^™

Law And Social Justice: Operationalizing Stakeholder Theory In Governmental Regulations And Corporate Decision-Making For Social And Economic Sustainability, Resilience, And Democracy, Daniel Herron, Laura Powell

Pace International Law Review

It is time to shed the twentieth century capitalistic ways of shareholder maximization. It is time to fashion a “new” capitalism which retains the competitive dynamic but redefines its force to create a more socially just society. That is a huge order, to say the least. But, there is a path to that end. The 2019 U.S. Business Roundtable’s announcement, the creation of the Benefit Corporation, and the United Kingdom’s 2006 Companies Act began that process. These developments are enabling the beginning of the redefining of one of the bedrocks of capitalism: fiduciary obligation. The methodology of these developments is …

Decreasing The United States’ Maternal Mortality Rate: Using Policies Of Other High-Income Countries As A Model, Leah Frattellone

Pace International Law Review

The United States has the highest maternal mortality rate among high-income countries. This article focuses on policies the United States can implement to decrease the maternal mortality rate, with a focus on access to abortion, the standard of care for pregnant women and new mothers, access to healthcare, and family leave. This article also explores policies surrounding those areas in other high-income countries and analyzes the differences in both the actual policies and the outcomes of those policies. To effectively decrease the maternal mortality rate in the United States, policies from other high-income countries, with lower maternal mortality rates should …

Helping Spanish Heritage Speakers Decolonialize Their Attitudes Towards The Language: The Classroom As A Community That Aims To Heal Generational Linguistic Wounds., Claudia Pozzobon Potratz

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Generational language wounds are the result of language loss caused by trauma, discrimination, or deficit narrative. Heritage language instructors can learn to identify manifestations of these wounds and help their students heal so they can have a healthy relationship with their language and culture.

Actitudes En Pro Y En Contra Sobre El Uso Del Lenguaje Inclusivo Y Su Enseñanza En El Salón De Clases De Shl., Brisa Del Bosque, Mica Boh

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Con esta investigación, buscamos predecir si la enseñanza del lenguaje inclusivo en español en los salones de clase de español como SHL y como L2, provocará que su uso continúe en la lengua española o pase como una moda efímera.

Encuestamos a 75 instructores de Español K-12 en los Estados Unidos, que compartieron sus opiniones sobre la enseñanza y el uso del lenguaje inclusivo. La mayor parte de los instructores que respondieron nuestra encuesta, han enseñado a estudiantes de SHL y L2.

Como instructores de español, se puede ignorar la propuesta del lenguaje inclusivo y seguir enseñando de la forma …

Towards Shl Benchmarks From The Bottom-Up: High-School Teachers As Curriculum Designers, Isabel Torrubia Gortari, Maureen Wrightson, Elisa Gironzetti

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Spanish heritage language (SHL) programs at the secondary level lack a set of standards that address the linguistic, social, affective, and professional needs of students (Potowski & Carreira 2004) and guide the curricular decisions of administrators and teachers. While several curricular proposals currently exist for post-secondary education (e.g., Beaudrie, Amezcua, & Loza, 2021), these are not always easily adaptable or applicable in a secondary school program and can be perceived by secondary teachers as a top-down imposition disconnected from their reality. To address this need, our project engaged researchers, high-school teachers, and administrators in a long-term initiative aimed at: a) …

Mi Arte Es Mi Lengua: Promoting Nuestro Español Through Art And Resistence, Christian Faltis

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

The presentation weaves a discussion of nuestro español and how it has been portrayed with art that I have created on various topics concerning the treatment of bilingual Spanish speakers and how to resist this treatment by creating space for these students to expand their Spanish repertoires.

The Open Pedagogy Cycle: Open Educational Resources By And For Students, Marco Adrián Pevia

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Title: The Open Pedagogy Cycle: Open Educational Resources By and For Students

50 word abstract:

Open pedagogy is a continuous cycle that begins with students as creators of resources that can then serve various purposes in the Spanish classroom. In this presentation, I will show how OER created by SHL students can be adapted to be used by learners of Spanish at different levels.

Presentation description:

Open pedagogy (OP) is the practice of supporting students to be creators of open educational resources (OER) to exist beyond the classroom and serve a greater role in the community (Johnston & Stewart, 2020). …

Unveiling Authenticity: Narrowing Linguistic Patterns Among Spanish Heritage Speakers In The Usa, Edgar Vargas, Sonia Balasch

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Unveiling Authenticity: Narrowing Linguistic Patterns among Spanish Heritage Speakers in the USA

This abstract discusses the importance of identifying and narrowing common linguistic patterns among Spanish heritage speakers to assess the authenticity of their written assignments in educational settings. Spanish heritage speakers, who possess varying levels of proficiency in both English and Spanish, face unique challenges when expressing their authentic voice and cultural background in their essays. By employing linguistic analysis, it becomes feasible to evaluate the authenticity of their written work, promoting linguistic and cultural integrity.

Understanding and distinguishing linguistic patterns commonly found among US Spanish heritage speakers (Escobar …

From Language Brokering To Professional Translation In Hl Education, Laura Gasca Jiménez

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Research has shown that language brokering—i.e., the language practice whereby bi/multilingual individuals with no formal training in translation or interpreting linguistically mediate between two or more parties, usually adult family members and individuals from the dominant culture (Kam, 2011)—is a common language practice of heritage language (HL) speakers (e.g., Antonini, 2015; Cline et al., 2010; Hall & Sham, 2007; Kwon 2014; López, Lezama & Heredia, 2019; Orellana, Dorner & Pulido, 2003). Despite HL education’s recognition, validation, and integration of students’ language varieties and diverse community practices, language brokering is rarely acknowledged in pedagogical proposals and consequently not integrated as a …

Yosoy. Language Education Through Culture: A Project For Spanish-English Bilingual Children And Families., Maria Luisa Parra, Marcela Fritzler

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

About one-third, 17.9 million, of the nation’s Latina/o/e population is younger than 18 (Krogstad & Gonzalez-Barrera 2018), being the majority bilingual (Krogstad & Gonzalez-Barrera, 2015), with no access to quality bilingual education to address their strengths and needs (García 2014). Questions about this group’s future capabilities to speak Spanish are central to current theoretical and pedagogical inquiries, efforts, and research. The linguistic dynamism between Spanish and other languages that characterizes this group also raises essential questions about the intergenerational continuity of Spanish and its meaning for young Latina/o/e identities (Valdés 2015).

Many families experience interactions in Spanish with sentimientos encontrados …

Cultura Y (Ataque De) Corazón: A Training For Health Professionals Needing Medical Interpretation Services, Elizabeth Dudek, Shelby Edwards

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Limited English proficiency is a known barrier to quality health care outcomes (Green 2017, Helmi 2021). Inclusion of a certified language interpreter during health care encounters improves outcomes among ESL (English as a Second Language) patients (Karliner, Jacobs, Chen, and Mutha 2007). Interpretation with a certified interpreter promotes understanding between patients and their medical providers, and advances both health and race equity (Foiles Sifuentes, Robledo Cornejo, Castaneda-Avila, Tija, and Lapane 2020). Most health care workers receive no formal training in how to use an interpreter with limited English-proficiency patients. Located in the Hispanic Heritage District of an increasingly Latine mid-sized …

Empowering Spanish Heritage Learners Through A Community Informed, Online Medical Spanish Curriculum, Bonnie C. Holmes Ph.D., Kenneth Rhee Md

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

The lack of standardized medical Spanish curriculum leads to variable content and quality, often neglecting heritage language learners. Also, community engagement efforts seldom extend to curriculum development. Learn about a collaboration between Spanish faculty and a physician to create an innovative, virtual Spanish for healthcare curriculum that addresses these challenges.

Study Abroad As A Tool For Internationalization And Linguistic Justice: A Case Study On Latine Medical Humanities And Healthcare Interpreting Students, Melissa Wallace, Michelle Marie Pinzl

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Study abroad as a tool for internationalization and linguistic justice: A case study on Latine medical humanities and healthcare interpreting students

Mobility programs are an essential vehicle for fomenting global competencies and for internationalizing the curricula of students preparing to serve patients as clinicians or as healthcare interpreters (Wu et al. 2020). This presentation examines a study abroad program designed for Spanish-speaking students of medical humanities and healthcare interpreting at the University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), a public Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) where 59 percent of students identify as Latine (UTSA 2022b) and 45 percent are first-generation college …

Visual Arts And Telecollaboration In The Spanish Heritage Language Classroom, Daniela Núñez De Álvarez Stransky, Paola Guerrero, Diego Pascual Y Cabo

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

No abstract provided.

Powdery Mildew Of Bigleaf Hydrangea: Biology, Control, And Breeding Strategies For Resistance, Christina Jennings, Fulya Baysal-Gurel, Lisa W. Alexander

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Hydrangea macrophylla, commonly known as bigleaf, garden, French, or florist hydrangea, is the most economically important member of the Hydrangea genus, with a breeding history spanning hundreds of years. Bigleaf hydrangea breeding improvement has largely focused on aesthetic traits and there are few varieties tolerant or resistant to major diseases such as powdery mildew. Powdery mildew is an obligate biotrophic Ascomycete in the order Erysiphales represented by approximately 900 species worldwide. The disease-causing agent in hydrangeas is Golovinomyces orontii (formerly Erysiphe polygoni DC), which tarnishes the beauty, growth, and salability of bigleaf hydrangea plants, especially those packed closely in production …

Protecting Human Rights In The Americas: The Continuous Role Of The Inter- American Commission On Human Rights, Claudio Grossman

Contributions to Books

The Inter-American Human Rights System (IAHRS) fosters structural transformations throughout the Americas. This collection of analyses builds upon the studies on Ius Constitutionale Commune en América Latina and Latin American transformative constitutionalism to map out both the ground-level human rights impact of the IAHRS and the institutional characteristics that have enabled such fundamental changes in social reality. The volume starts with essays framing the concept and context of IAHRS impact. Then it navigates thematic analyses on specific rights and types of violations that are front and center to the protection of human rights in Latin America. The concluding essays explore …

A 20-Year Ecotone Study Of Pacific Northwest Mountain Forest Vulnerability To Changing Snow Conditions, Todd R. Lookingbill, Jack Dupuy, Ellery Jacobs University Of Richmond, Matteo Gonzalez, Tihomir S. Kostadinov

Geography and the Environment Faculty Publications

Background: Global climate change is expected to significantly alter growing conditions along mountain gradients. Landscape ecological patterns are likely to shift significantly as species attempt to adapt to these changes. We evaluated the extent to which spatial (elevation and canopy cover) and temporal (decadal trend and El Niño–Southern Oscillation/Pacific Decadal Oscillation) factors impact seasonal snowmelt and forest community dynamics in the Western Hemlock–True Fir ecotone region of the Oregon Western Cascades, USA. (2) Methods: Tsuga heterophylla and Abies amabilis seedling locations were mapped three times over 20 years (2002–2022) on five sample transects strategically placed to cross the ecotone. Additionally, …

The Great Depression And Canada's Major Originalist Decade, Preston Jordan Lim

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

Few periods of Canadian history have been as momentous or terrible as the Great Depression. The Dominion and provincial governments’ inability to combat financial and environmental catastrophe led many Canadians to openly question the appropriateness of their constitutional framework. As legal historians have since documented, many leading jurists of the time believed that a strong central government could, through the institution of national programs, contain the Great Depression; in the eyes of these 1930s jurists, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council—then Canada’s apex court—had sapped the federal government of its powers by misinterpreting the British North America Act, 1867 …

Resilient Education Facilities With Special Focus On Classrooms To Be Compatible With The Covid-19 Crisis, Gehan Nagy, Gehan Nagy, Khaled Dewidar, Omar Atef A

Architectural Engineering

In recent months, the World Health Organization (WHO) expressed concern about the spread of a new pandemic after the COVID-19 pandemic, which had a significant impact on education. UNICEF says Over 168 million children’s classrooms around the world have been shuttered. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to identify the criteria and requirements of resilient design for classrooms to avoid closures during crises. Researchers have addressed the relationship between spaces and the spread of viruses inside them, so the research assumes that there is a relationship between the design criteria of classrooms and the spread of viruses inside …

Water Stress Index And Stomatal Conductance Under Different Irrigation Regimes With Thermal Sensors In Rice Fields On The Northern Coast Of Peru, Lia Ramos-Fernández, Maria Gonzales-Quiquia, José Huanuqueño-Murillo, David Tito-Quispe, Elizabeth Heros-Aguilar, Lisveth Flores Del Pino, Alfonso Torres-Rua

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

In the face of the climate change crisis, the increase in air temperature negatively impacts rice crop productivity due to stress from water scarcity. The objective of this study was to determine the rice crop water stress index (CWSI) and stomatal conductance (Gs) under different irrigation regimes, specifically continuous flood irrigation treatments (CF) and irrigations with alternating wetting and drying (AWD) at water levels of 5 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm below the soil surface (AWD₅, AWD₁₀, and AWD₂₀) in an experimental area of INIA-Vista Florida and in six commercial areas of the …

Updates On Management Of Gliomas In The Molecular Age, Ali Ahmed Mohamed, Rakan Alshaibi, Steven Faragalla, Youssef Mohamed, Brandon Lucke-Wold

Student Publications

Gliomas are primary brain tumors derived from glial cells of the central nervous system, afflicting both adults and children with distinct characteristics and therapeutic challenges. Recent developments have ushered in novel clinical and molecular prognostic factors, reshaping treatment paradigms based on classification and grading, determined by histological attributes and cellular lineage. This review article delves into the diverse treatment modalities tailored to the specific grades and molecular classifications of gliomas that are currently being discussed and used clinically in the year 2023. For adults, the therapeutic triad typically consists of surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. In contrast, pediatric gliomas, due …

Neutrosophic Insights Into Military Interventions: Assessing Legitimacy And Consequences In International Law, Salame Ortiz Mónica Alexandra, Jiménez Martínez Roberto Carlos, Piñas Piñas Luis Fernando

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This scientific paper analyzes the legitimacy of military interventions within the framework of international law and their potential consequences. It highlights the need to support these interventions with robust legal and moral reasoning due to their complexity and controversy in the international community. The interpretation of legal and ethical principles can be subjective and lead to disagreements among states and international actors. The consequences of military interventions are explored, ranging from loss of life and infrastructure destruction to population displacement, political instability, and humanitarian crises. Legality and proportionality in interventions are essential to ensuring their legitimacy, and the potential consequences …

Communication Patterns And Characteristics Of Family Caregivers And Persons Living With Dementia: Secondary Analysis Of Video Observation, Sohyum Kim, Wen Liu, Sandra Daack-Hirsch, Kristine N. Williams

SAGE Open Access Agreement Publications-Archive

Background:

It is essential to characterize communication patterns for better health outcomes for family caregivers and persons living with dementia.

Objective:

This study aimed to examine the relationships between communication patterns and the characteristics of dyads of family caregivers and persons living with dementia.

Methods:

A secondary analysis was conducted using 75 video-recorded home care observations from 19 dyads. Participant characteristics and caregiver burden, depression, and sense of competence were collected from the parent study. The video-recorded dyadic communication patterns were assessed using a coding scheme developed based on Communication Accommodation Theory and Classical Test Theory. The relative frequency of …

Juvenile Eosinophilic Fasciitis: A Single Center Case Series, Leigh A Stubbs, Oluwaseun Ogunbona, Emily Beil, Vibha Szafron, Adekunle Adesina, Sara Anvari, Jamie Lai, Andrea Ramirez, Matthew G Ditzler, Marietta Deguzman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare disease characterized by skin induration and musculoskeletal abnormalities. Diagnostic criteria for EF are based on adult populations. There is a need to expand the literature on EF in children due to limited reported cases and potential differences compared to adults.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records for six pediatric patients diagnosed with EF at our institution between November 2011 and April 2023. Inclusion criteria required patients to be under 18 years of age at the time of diagnosis and to have confirmed diagnosis through clinical history, imaging, and histology.

RESULTS: …

Diverse Voices And Experiences: Insights From Shl Students And Instructors In The Midwest, Rachel Garza, Leslie Del Carpio

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Enrollment in university Spanish heritage language (SHL) program benefits learners via gains in cultural pride, linguistic self-confidence, Latinx college retention rates, and overall personal and academic benefits (e.g., Beaudrie & Ducar, 2005; Holguín Mendoza 2018; Prada & Pascual y Cabo, 2022). Over the past decade the number of SHL programs in U.S. universities has continued to rise, including in regions such as the Midwest without “long-established Spanish-speaking communities” (Beaudrie, 2012). The present study represents the next step in understanding what creates the success of an SHL program comprising of six intermediate and advanced course offerings in a large Midwest university. …

Ni Modo Mijo, Tú Dale Gas: Interpreting Strategies Used By Spanish Heritage Speakers As Child Language Brokers, Reynaldo Romero

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Ni modo mijo, tú dale gas: Interpreting strategies used by Spanish heritage speakers as child language brokers

Many immigrant families often depend on their children, who have become fluent in English, for translation, interpretation, and other linguistic and cultural needs. This study aims to identify strategies used by Spanish heritage speakers when they functioned as child language brokers and ad hoc interpreters in medical settings. 71 Spanish heritage speakers in four sections of a medical Spanish class completed three journal assignments on topics designed to reflect on their experiences, attitudes, and assumptions as ad hoc interpreters in medical settings. …

Spanish Heritage Learners Speak Out: A Flipgrid-Based Journey To Fluency, Julia Oliver Rajan

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Learn how Flipgrid, a dynamic video-based platform, empowers Spanish heritage speakers to enhance pronunciation and fluency. This presentation shares insights from ten students who created reflective video clips, showcasing Flipgrid's interactive approach. With external exams and self-evaluations, their progress was evident. Discover Flipgrid's potential in the Spanish heritage classroom, fostering community and celebrating linguistic heritage.

Raising Critical Language And Cultural Awareness Through The Arts: A Call For The Inclusion Of Creativity In The Spanish Heritage Language Curriculum, Maria Luisa Parra

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Raising Critical Language and Cultural Awareness through the Arts: A Call for the Inclusion of Creativity in the Spanish Heritage Language Curriculum.

Article 9th of the World Declaration on Higher Education for the Twenty-First Century (UNESCO), proposes critical thinking and creativity as a model of knowledge and experimentation still not explored enough in higher education. Responding to this statement, and framed within Beaudrie’s and Wilson's (2022) instructional goals for teaching Spanish as heritage language (SHL), the goal of this presentation, based on the author’s previous work, is to show the benefits of incorporating the arts and creativityas an approach to …

Experiencias De Estudiantes Latines En La Educación Superior Estadounidense: Navegando Espacios Y Pertenencia En Una Universidad Privada De Población Predominantemente Blanca, Inés Vañó García

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

No abstract provided.

Teachers’ Raciolinguistic Ideologies In The Shl Classroom: Considerations For Shl Teacher Development, Valeria Ochoa, Sergio Loza

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Abstract: As Latinx enrollment in US university Spanish-language courses continues to rise (Beaudrie & Marrero-Rivera, forthcoming), numerous studies detail the transformative potential of SHL pedagogy for US Latinxs as an educational experience (e.g., Holguín Mendoza, 2018; Leeman, 2005). Recent progress has been driven by the study of language ideologies as a critical area of inquiry to reckon with the disparities that US Latinxs face within SHL education (Loza & Beaudrie, 2022). Such disparities are predicated on dominant raciolinguistic ideologies that often impose idealized language varieties and identities on Latinx youth (Barillas Chón, 2022). Although critical materials, curriculum, and pedagogical approaches …