Digital Commons Network^™

Joyful Justice, Alexandra Kogl

Faculty Publications

Political Science is not an obviously joyful discipline, and wrestling with injustice in the classroom is not an intuitive way to open the door to joy. But when students and professor alike practice compassion for victims of injustices (such as sexual violence and white supremacy) and for each other, they sometimes find the kind of common ground that allows joy into the room. Treating one another as peers in a community aimed at seeking to understand what justice is and what it feels like, we experience justice as beautiful, shared work that we can practice at a small scale, setting …

A Comparison Study Of Senior And Junior Deck Officers’ Interpretations Of The International Regulations For The Prevention Of Collisions At Sea, Ian Heffernan, Tom O'Mahony

Articles

The International Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea (IRPCS) provide a comprehensive set of instructions for watchkeeping officers to follow and prevent collisions at sea. This study compares how six newly qualified deck officers and six Master Mariners, who were all trained at the same college, applied the IRPCS. Individual, semi-structured interviews were used to uncover how the 12 participants applied and interpreted the rules for three authentic scenarios. Phenomenography was used to capture the qualitatively different means by which participants interpreted the IRPCS. For basic collision avoidance situations, the results indicated little difference between the cohorts' ability …

Editorial: Review Of Hyperbaric Therapy & Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy In The Treatment Of Neurological Disorders According To Dose Of Pressure And Hyperoxia, Paul G. Harch, George Mychaskiw, John H. Zhang, Dominic P. D'Agostino, Keith Van Meter, Enrico M. Camporesi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Stories Of Pastors' Wives, Their Responsibilities, And Their Mental Health, Marsha Patrice Wilson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Church ministry has many written and unwritten rules, responsibilities, and expectations for those who choose to serve in pastoral roles. Some responsibilities and expectations cause church pastors to experience stress and burnout, which has residual effects on their wives and families. Many church leaders or congregations are not aware of or consider the emotional impact of unwritten rules and expectations on the pastors’ wives. The purpose of this narrative research was to explore the stories of Protestant church pastors’ wives and highlight how their various supportive roles in marriage and ministry impacts their emotional and mental health. With a feminist …

Violence Among Nigeria’S Female And Predictors Of Help-Seeking Behavior Using Technology, Abayomi Karunwi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The decision-making autonomy of female intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors to make financial transactions is a stronger predictor of help-seeking behavior that is not yet fully explored. Despite the plausibility of using the mobile phone for financial transactions, it is yet to be explored as a predictor of help-seeking behavior after IPV events through digital financial inclusion. The dataset from the 2018 Nigerian Demographic Health Survey was used to explore if digital financial inclusion could predict help-seeking behavior instead of the severity of abuse among ever-partnered Nigerian female IPV survivors (aged 15 to 49 years) who use their mobile phones …

Remembering The Titans: A Cinematic Pedagogy For Enhancing Understanding And Improving Performance In Tuckman's Stages Of Group Development In Management Education, David S. Fowler, Jon Musgrave, David F. Zinn

International Journal for Business Education

This study examines the effectiveness of using multimedia, specifically Remember the Titans, to teach Bruce Tuckman’s Group Development stages in undergraduate management education. The research investigates whether integrating film-based pedagogy enhances student comprehension and academic performance compared to traditional lecture methods. Using a quasi-experimental design, data were collected over six semesters from undergraduate business students (N = 459) at a private liberal arts university. The study compared pre- and post-implementation cohorts, employing a structured writing assignment as an assessment tool. A quantitative analysis, including independent samples t-tests, revealed a statistically significant improvement in student performance (p = 0.039) after implementing …

Swog S1815: A Phase Iii Randomized Trial Of Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, And Nab-Paclitaxel Versus Gemcitabine And Cisplatin In Newly Diagnosed, Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers, Rachna T Shroff, Benjamin Tan, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: SWOG S1815 was a randomized, open label phase III trial, evaluating gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, and cisplatin (GAP) versus gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) in patients with newly diagnosed advanced biliary tract cancers (BTCs).

METHODS: Patients with newly diagnosed locally advanced unresectable or metastatic BTC, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) and gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), were randomly assigned 2:1 to either GAP (gemcitabine 800 mg/m

RESULTS: Among 452 randomly assigned participants, 441 were eligible and analyzable, 67% with ICC, 16% with GBC, and 17% with ECC. There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between GAP versus GC. Median …

Study Of Long-Term Spectral Evolution And X-Ray And Γ-Ray Correlation Of Blazars Seen By Hawc, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, A. Andrés, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A.Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, A. Bernal, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, F. Carreón, S. Casanova, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño De León, E. De La Fuente, D. Depaoli, N. Di Lalla, R. Diaz Hernandez, B. L. Dingus, M. A. Duvernois, M. Durocher, J. C. Diaz-Velez, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, N. Fraija, S. Fraija, J. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, F. Garfias, A. Gonzalez Munoz, M. M. Gonzalez, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez-Cadena, I. Herzog, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufman, D. Kieda, A. Lara, W. H. Lee, J. Lee, H. Leon Vargas, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, O. Martinez, I. Martinez-Castellanos, J. Martinez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Montes, E. Moreno, M. Mostafa, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, N. Omodei, M. Osorio, Y. Perez Araujo, E. G. Perez-Perez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, M. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Urena-Mena, E. Varela, L. Villasenor, Xiaojie Wang, I. J. Watson, K. Whitaker, E. Willox, S. Yun-Carcamo, H. Zhou

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The HAWC Observatory collected 6 yr of extensive data, providing an ideal platform for long-term monitoring of blazars in the very high energy (VHE) band, without bias toward specific flux states. HAWC continuously monitors blazar activity at TeV energies, focusing on sources with a redshift of z ≤ 0.3, based on the Third Fermi-LAT Catalog of High-Energy sources. We specifically focused our analysis on Mrk 421 and Mrk 501, as they are the brightest blazars observed by the HAWC Observatory. With a data set of 2143 days, this work significantly extends the monitoring previously published, which was based on 511 …

Systematic Evaluation Of Regression Models For The Prediction Of Influenza Cases, Mukul Kandwal

Theses

This study systematically evaluates machine learning models to forecast influenza outbreaks, aiming to enhance public health preparedness through accurate predictions. Laboratory-confirmed influenza case data from the New York State Department of Health (2009–2023) were used to train and test five regression models—XGBoost, Neural Network (MLP regressor), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Random Forest, and Support Vector Regression (SVR)—with preprocessing techniques including differencing and phasing. A leave-one-season-out cross-validation framework and Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE) were employed to rigorously assess performance. Key findings reveal that the Neural Network (MLP regressor) outperformed other models, achieving the lowest SMAPE score (23.7), underscoring the critical …

Ndls Communicator: Week Of 02.10.25, Notre Dame Law School

NDLS Communicator

The Latest News

• Galilee Immersion Program: Exposing first-year law students to the impact of public interest law
• Dennis Wieboldt exemplifies success in Notre Dame Law School's dual degree program

Faculty News and Briefs

• Mary Ellen O'Connell appeared on DW News, where she spoke about President Trump's remarks about potential U.S. involvement in Gaza.
• Sam Bray was mentioned in a Daily Caller article about recent legal injunctions as a result of Trump administration executive orders.
• Rick Garnett was quoted about the meaning of separation of church and state in an NCR article about the St. Isidore of Seville Catholic Virtual School …

Differences In Outcomes For Patients Receiving Labetalol And Nicardipine For Hypertension After Craniotomy, Matthew Owrey, George Sun, Kevin J. Min

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

Background: Acute postoperative hypertension is commonly encountered in patients following craniotomy and is associated with major complications. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate 30-day survival for patients who received labetalol, nicardipine, or both for hypertension after craniotomy.

Methods: Patients 18 and older who underwent craniotomy between January 1, 2010 and January 1, 2023 were included in the study. Three separate analyses were performed comparing each group: 1) labetalol cohort versus nicardipine cohort, 2) labetalol cohort versus both cohort, and 3) nicardipine cohort versus both cohort. The primary outcome was survival at 30 days. Secondary outcomes included …

Against Moralizing Nature: Latin American Romanticism And The Aporias Of The Ecocritical Turn, Claudio Aguayo-Borquez

Modern Languages Faculty Publications

This article argues that the ecocritical turn in literary criticism reproduces the dualisms it seeks to avoid, especially the contradiction between nature and culture. At the same time, ecocriticism risks the veneration of Nature already practiced and promoted within the Romantic tradition in the global epoch of primitive accumulation during the 19th century. To sustain this argument, this article follows three main steps. In the first place, it establishes a characterization of Romanticism's attitude towards Nature, defining it as the literaturization of Nature, following Abrams' notion of supernatural naturalism and Jean Luc-Nancy and Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe's definition of Romanticism as the …

Advances In Machine Learning For Pain Recognition: A Review Of Algorithms, Modalities, And Outcomes, Abdulrahman Alsharif

Theses

The emergence of machine learning (ML) in healthcare has unlocked the transformative potential of pain detection and assessment. By providing new ways to address the challenges associated with subjective and inconsistent pain assessment methods. This review synthesizes recent advancements in ML-based approaches for pain detection, focusing on algorithms, modalities, and datasets. Techniques such as neural networks, transformer models, and multimodal fusion frameworks have demonstrated significant promise in identifying pain from diverse sources, including facial expressions, physiological signals, and synthetic datasets. Key contributions include novel transformer-based architectres like PainAttnNet for analyzing electrodermal activity [1], multimodal datasets such as BioVid for advancing …

Yinyang-Align: Benchmarking Contradictory Objectives And Proposing Multi-Objective Optimization Based Dpo For Text-To-Image Alignment, Amitava Das, Yaswanth Narsupalli, Gurpreet Singh, Vinija Jain, Vasu Sharma, Suranjana Trivedi, Aman Chadha, Amit Sheth

Publications

As Text-to-Image (T2I) models become more advanced, they face a fundamental challenge—balancing conflicting alignment goals such as faithfulness vs. artistic freedom, realism vs. stylization, and verifiability vs. creativity. Existing alignment methods often optimize for one objective at the cost of another, leading to inconsistencies in AI-generated images.
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/="/">In our latest work, YinYang-Align, we introduce a benchmarking framework to systematically evaluate these trade-offs and propose Contradictory Alignment Optimization (CAO)—a multi-objective extension of Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) that enables models to navigate competing alignment goals more effectively.

The International Law Commission's Seventy-Fifth (2024) Session: Immunity Of State Officials From Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction And Other Topics, Charles C. Jalloh

Articles

The International Law Commission (Commission or ILC) held its seventy-fifth session at its seat in Geneva from April 15 to May 31 and from July 1 to August 2, 2024. The Commission was chaired by Mr. Marcelo Vázquez-Bermúdez (Ecuador), and for the first time since its establishment in 1945, elected a majority of three females out of the five officers elected to its bureau annually. The Commission celebrated its seventy-fifth anniversary and progressed its work on the topics in the program of work despite the shortening of the twelve-week General Assembly approved session to ten weeks due to the liquidity …

Marginalized, Secularized, And Popularized? The Prevalence And Patterns Of Paranormal Belief In The United Kingdom, Tom Clark, Joseph O. Baker, Christoper D. Bader

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

There is growing recognition of the prevalence of paranormal beliefs in Western countries. However, most of this interest has been focused on the United States and robust, comparative data remain limited. This study extends this literature to report findings from a national survey of the United Kingdom designed to assess the prevalence and patterns of paranormal beliefs. Although there are many similarities to previous research, the results also suggest that there are significant differences in the scope, clustering, and patterns of paranormalism across contexts. The study makes four contributions to research on the paranormal by a) reiterating the continuing popularity …

Sex And Outcomes Of Patients With Microsatellite Instability-High And Braf V600e Mutated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Vincenzo Nasca, Joseph Zhao, Javier Ros, Sara Lonardi, Koen Zwart, Marwan Fakih, Jeanine M L Roodhart, Jeroen Derksen, Rossana Intini, Francesca Bergamo, Giacomo Mazzoli, Filippo Ghelardi, Marta Ligero, Jitendra Jonnagaddala, Nicholas Hawkins, Robyn L Ward, Durgesh Wankhede, Hermann Brenner, Michael Hoffmeister, Marco Vitellaro, Lisa Salvatore, Claire Gallois, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Chiara Cremolini, Michael J Overman, Julien Taieb, David Tougeron, Thierry Andre, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Raghav Sundar, Javier Carmona, Elena Elez, Miriam Koopman, Filippo Pietrantonio

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the gold standard therapy in patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). A significant proportion of patients show resistance, making the identification of determinants of response crucial. Growing evidence supports the role of sex in determining susceptibility to anticancer therapies, but data is lacking for patients with MSI-H CRC.

Methods: In this real-world cohort comprising 624 patients with MSI-H mCRC receiving ICIs, we investigated the impact of sex on patients' outcomes, overall and according to RAS-BRAF mutational status or type of treatment (anti-PD-(L)1 with or without anti-CTLA-4 agents). We …

Tigit Inhibitor M6223 As Monotherapy Or In Combination With Bintrafusp Alfa In Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors: A First-In-Human, Phase 1, Dose-Escalation Trial, Aung Naing, Meredith Mckean, Anthony Tolcher, Anja Victor, Ping Hu, Marco A F Nogueira Filho, Stephan Gleicher, Daniel Holland, Emilia Richter, Keyvan Tadjalli-Mehr, Lillian L Siu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: M6223 is an intravenous (IV), Fc-competent, fully human, antagonistic, anti-T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT) antibody. Bintrafusp alfa (BA) is a bifunctional fusion protein that simultaneously blocks nonredundant immunosuppressive TGF-β and PD-(L)1 pathways.

Methods: This first-in-human, dose-escalation study in patients with advanced solid tumors (N=58; aged ≥18 years, ECOG PS≤1) evaluated M6223 alone (Part 1A, n=40; M6223 10-2400 mg every 2 weeks, n=32; M6223 2400 mg every 3 weeks, n=8) or with BA (Part 1B, n=18; M6223 300-1600 mg with BA 1200 mg; both every 2 weeks, intravenous). Primary objectives were safety, tolerability, …

Verbal And Numeric Eyewitness Confidence Differentially Affect Decision-Making, Pia Pennekamp

Psychological Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Eyewitness confidence is typically communicated verbally (e.g., certain). Interpretations for verbal confidence statements are variable which could affect decision-making. I explored the extent to which confidence format (i.e., verbal vs. numeric) influences juror decision-making. Participants (N = 468) read a trial vignette in which an expert witness draws attention to the eyewitness's confidence in their suspect identification (uncertain, or certain, or 28%, or 88%). Participants rated the expert's recommendation, rendered a conviction decision, and provided confidence in their decision on a scale of 0 = Not at all confident to 10 = Completely confident. Mock-jurors were more likely to convict …

The Relationship Between Anthropometric Sizing, Fit Issues, And Return Rates In Plus-Size Women's Apparel, Cassondra Smith

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Retail business owners remain concerned with apparel sizing and return sales, as sizing is a frequent predictor of apparel returns and decreased revenue. Grounded in new product development theory (NPD), the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between anthropometric apparel sizing standards, sizing and fit issues, and return sales. The participants were 89 women’s bridal apparel owners and leaders within the retail business sector who completed a 5-point Likert-type survey. The results of the multiple linear regression were significant, 3, 85) = 32.301, p < .001, R2 = .533. In the final model, there were two predictors which were significant, sizing and fit (t = 9.718, p = <.001, ß = .735) and sizing standards (t = 2.478, p = .01, ß = .205). A key recommendation is for retail business leaders to acknowledge the growth in the U.S. female apparel consumer. Further, the alignment of sizing standards and product offerings provides functional apparel and mitigates return sales due to sizing. The implications for positive social change include the potential for the apparel industry to acknowledge the growing complexity of women’s sizing, which is influenced by diverse cultural backgrounds and body types. This shift could promote greater inclusivity, enhance consumer confidence, reduce return rates, and foster broader acceptance of diverse female body types within the industry.

An Educational Intervention Focused On The Care Of Older Adults, Michele Orzehoski

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

It is estimated that by 2050, individuals ages 65 and older will comprise 20% of the U.S. population. Further, research has demonstrated that among these aging adults, 80% have one chronic condition with 77% having at least two chronic conditions. Given this, the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) developed the Age-Friendly Health System framework for the care of older adults centering on what matters, medication, mentation, and mobility, or the 4Ms. In the local organization, leadership determined there was a need for an older adult-centered care model given their population includes aging individuals. Thus, the purpose of this doctor of …

Social Media Influence On African American Women Mental Health And Self-Image, Terressa Sanchez Gamble

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African American women’s perspectives on the influence of social media content on their mental health (i.e., moods, thoughts, and behaviors) and self-image were explored in this qualitative study. The theoretical framework chosen for this study was Festinger’s (1954) social comparison theory, which was used to examine whether there was a logical connection between the study topic and the framework presented. Data were collected through semistructured interviews that were conducted via Zoom. The data from 10 participants’ interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach, resulting in the following two emergent themes: (a) pressure to compare and emulate and …

The Perceptions Of Nursing Faculty Who Experience Student Incivility Behavior, Dehlia Abaya Parsons

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Incivility among nursing students is well documented in the academic, clinical, and leadership literature. Student incivility towards faculty was less studied, and merited investigation because incivility can lead to faculty discontentment, stress, and attrition, exacerbating the scarcity of nursing faculty. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study, which was underpinned by the health belief model, was to explore the perceptions of nursing faculty who experience student incivility in the Western region of the United States. Open-ended, semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 nursing faculty who shared perceptions of their experience of student incivility behavior. Open coding and thematic analysis yielded …

Executive Leadership Practice Through The Lens Of Religiosity And Ethics, Christopherlie Roger

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The specific research problem addressed through this study is executive leadership religiosity and decision-making that leads to unethical behaviors and practices that could result in corporate corruption at Fortune 500 companies in the United States region of New York State. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study research was to explore executive leadership religiosity and decision-making through three research questions, for example, how executive leadership perceives unethical leaders' behaviors and practices that could result in corporation corruption. This study's conceptual foundation and key concepts included religiosity, ethics, decision-making, and the theory of planned behavior. The participants comprised nine executive …

The Need For Collaboration In Nigerian Libraries, John Ogonu, John Gibson Ogonu Dr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper depicts the importance of collaboration of libraries in mitigating the challenges facing the Nigerian Library System. It explains that libraries are facing financial set back as a result of low subvention, currency devaluations, hiking prices of books, journals and databases and changing nature of the library users which always lead to increasing client expectations, changing technologies etc., and these threats can only be overcome through library collaboration. The paper examined three forms of collaborations that exist in Library system. The paper revealed areas for collaboration which includes cooperative acquisition, cooperative cataloguing, cooperative referencing, staff development, library exchange and …

Use Of Electronic Information Resources By Distance Learners Of The Open University Of Sri Lanka, Irosha Marasinghe

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Electronic resources’ availability, accessibility, currency and reliability make distance learners use e-resources for their learning and research activities. This study investigated the use of e-resources in terms of frequency, types of e-resources, purposes of use, and reasons to use by distance learners of the Open University of Sri Lanka. The descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The total population of the study comprises 26,503 active undergraduates of the Open University of Sri Lanka. The stratified random sampling technique was used to select a representative sample of 379 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire and were analyzed using …

Library Staff Perceptions Of Virtual Library And Information Services At Makerere And Uganda Christian Universities, Uganda, Lydia Namugera, Joyce Bukirwa, Constant Okello-Obura

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study, which was underpinned by the ServQual model aims to determine the perceptions of library staff of Makerere and Uganda Christian Universities on the provision of virtual library and information services (VLIS), the challenges faced and strategies for the enhancement of VLIS provision. A qualitative design was used to collect data from eight library staff who were selected through purposive sampling until data reached saturation. The findings indicated that majority of librarians exhibit poor perceptions towards VLIS; as manifested in their reluctance to participate in VLIS provision, their conservatism, which impedes acceptance of new VLIS and their …

Evaluation Of Glass Ionomer With Advanced Glass Hybrid Technology Versus Resin Modified Glass Ionomer In Adult Patients With Carious Cervical Lesions After One Year: A Randomized Clinical Trial., Aya Magdy Zayed, ِAhmed Zoheir El Hoshy, Mohamed Refaat El-Bialy

Future Dental Journal

Aim: Compared the clinical performance by using Advanced Glass Hybrid technology glass ionomer (AGH) in cervical carious lesion, versus resin modified glass ionomer (RMGI) according to modified USPHS criteria over one year. Materials and methods: An overall of 32 elevated carious index adult patients with at least one carious class V cavity on their posterior teeth had been split into 2 equal groups randomly based on the received restoration system. Two pairs of restorations were used, either; Equia Forte HT Fill (AGH) or Fuji II LC (RMGI), both materials were employed in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines. Fillings have …

Bond Strength Of Thermally Aged Cad/Cam Hybrid Nanoceramic Repaired With Nanohybrid Resin Composite, Mostafa Aboushahba, Sara H. Younis

Future Dental Journal

Purpose. To assess shear bond strength (SBS) of nanohybrid resin composite used to repair CAD/CAM Hybrid Nanoceramic ceramic after various surface treatments.

Materials and Methods. SHOFU HC Hybrid Ceramic disks were sliced to obtain circular-shaped specimens (n= 30) were obtained. All specimens were thermocycled (5000 thermal cycles), then specimens were divided into three groups according to the surface treatment performed (sandblasting, HF acid etching, and laser irradiation) (n = 10). Repair procedure with nanohybrid resin composite was performed. SBS values were obtained, and failure modes were determined. Data were statistically analyzed (P ≤ 0.05). Results. The highest SBS …

Alterations Of Tnf-Α And Il-8 Levels In Gingival Crevicular Fluid Among Different Types Of Smoking Following Phase I Periodontal Therapy In Periodontitis Patients, Nouran Abdelmaged Dr., Nivine Ibrahim Ragy Professor, Zienab Farid Dr.

Future Dental Journal

Aim: The purpose of the current research was to evaluate the impacts of different smoking types on GCF levels of TNF-α & IL-8 after phase I periodontal therapy. The study compared between traditional cigarettes and heated tobacco products (HTPs) in contrast to non-smokers following non-surgical treatment of moderate periodontitis patients. Subjects & methods: Forty-five patients with moderate generalized chronic periodontitis had been enrolled in this research. They had been divided into 3 equal groups and received non-surgical periodontal treatment. Samples of gingival crevicular fluid had been collected from periodontal pockets at baseline & after six months. The collected …