Bridge Scour Analysis For Rocks: Classification, Method Selection, And Practical Case Studies, Darud E. Sheefa, Stanley Vitton, Zhen (Leo) Liu, Brian Barkdoll

Michigan Tech Publications

Despite the availability of several scour calculation methods, bridge scour analysis for scour susceptible rocks is much less understood than its counterpart for sands, because scour calculation equations were traditionally obtained using flume tests with sands. As a result, there are three major knowledge gaps in the bridge scour analysis for susceptible rocks: (1) a rock classification system is needed for scour considerations to serve as a pre-screening process before conventional scour analysis involving sampling, erodibility testing, and scour calculation, (2) there has been a lack of information to guide the scour analysis for rocks including detailed procedures, needed and …

The Data-Schema Bottleneck: Benchmarking 16 Deep Learning Architectures For Real-Time Starlink Leo Telemetry Management, Tanmoy Debnath, Sourabhi Debnath, Miroslaw Narbutt, Maumita Bhattacharya

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Effective management of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks depends on data pipelines capable of predicting link-layer quality metrics (e.g., round-trip time (RTT), throughput (TP), and jitter etc.) at timescales suitable for real-time distributed data routing, handover, and congestion management. This study systematically benchmarks sixteen deep learning (DL) architectures representing four inductive-bias families to evaluate two formally stated hypotheses using 30 days of real Starlink telemetry comprising 417 million observations. Firstly, the Spectral Alignment Hypothesis (Research Question (RQ) 1) investigates whether architectures possessing inductive biases that explicitly decompose the quasi-periodic orbital structure of LEO dynamics systematically outperform those processing the …

Singulars: Performing The Reverse Turing Test, Halim Madi

ELO (un)supervised 2026

Singulars is an ongoing series of performance systems in which I co-create poetry with a language model trained on an anthology of English poetry alongside my own writing. Across three works—carnation.exe, versus.exe, and reinforcement.exe—I stage live reinforcement loops in which my poems and the model’s responses compete for audience votes. The audience functions as an embodied feedback mechanism, shaping the evolution of both the machine and the human poet in real time.

This paper examines what happens when a poet becomes both author and training data. Drawing from creativity research, metacognition, and social cognition, I reflect …

Making The Writer’S Project, Alex Calderwood

ELO (un)supervised 2026

The Writer’s Project is a series of playful text editors which intervene in the act of writing in unexpected, challenging, and unusual ways. Some of the editors are conceptual experiments in user interface design: What if the editor asked you if you were sure before committing to each word? What if the delete key was not functional? Others editors are provocations that take aim at the conditions and AI-mediated writing, built to create a tension between writerly agency and system resistance. These involve placing writers into different configurations with text streams, for instance by turning prior writings into a Tetris-like …

Connected/Disconnected, Emery Beckman

ELO (un)supervised 2026

With the rise of AI, scholars are grappling with how it fits into their field and determining how authorship plays a role in the assistance of these tools. I argue that AI can be deemed a digital companion to creative and interactive design. Anthropic has recently launched Claude Code, a coding assistant for various projects. This talk explores how agentic AI can offer digital assistance while advocating for human thought to remain at the forefront. This talk will analyze and demo an interactive site and explore a collection of AI-assisted poems built alongside Claude Code titled "Connected/Disconnected." It will explore …

Sitting Together: How Proximity Impacts The Classroom Success Of Undergraduate Women In Engineering, Cassandra M. Savukinas, Kayla D. Taylor, Ashley Lear

Feminist Pedagogy

Despite increased efforts, the engineering field remains predominantly male, particularly within higher education environments. Seating arrangements in the classroom for female undergraduate engineering students can greatly impact their comfort, participation, and academic performance in the classroom. In a 2025 study, it was found that male and female students have differing experiences related to comfort, participation, and academic performance when seated near other students of the same gender (Savukinas et al., 2025). Faculty can help students succeed by understanding how seating dynamics impact students’ experiences in the classroom. By allowing students to choose their own seating arrangements and creating interactions in …

Buccaneers In Battledress: Building The Canadian War Museum’S Second World War Collection, May-November 1945, Drew Lowerison Carter, Jeff Noakes, Tim Cook

Canadian Military History

Artifacts in the Canadian War Museum’s collections trace their origins to a wide range of people, organisations, locations and events. This article is a preliminary exploration of the part played by the 1st Canadian War Museum Collection Team, led by Farley Mowat, in locating, gathering, documenting and arranging for the transportation of a vast collection of Second World War weapons and materials from Northwest Europe to Canada in 1945. In addition to helping to shed more light on the complexities of the collection’s acquisition, it also provides insights into the challenges that the museum and other institutions faced, and which …

“The Best Co I’Ve Ever Served Under”: Lieutenant-Colonel Bert Kennedy And Removal From Battalion Command In The Second World War, Matthew Barrett, Norma Graham

Canadian Military History

Lieutenant-Colonel Albert A. Kennedy’s war service could be lifted from the pages of a suspense novel, an action-adventure story and a courtroom drama. He bravely served as commanding officer of the Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment in Italy, where he led from the front, earned the Distinguished Service Order and for a time was even held as a prisoner of war. His command of the Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada in North West Europe, by contrast, ended in a confidential report and charges of alleged conduct prejudicial to good order and discipline. We examine Kennedy’s Second World War experiences …

Beyond Just Reconnaissance: The 12th Manitoba Dragoons In The Netherlands, 1945, Cameron Meikle

Canadian Military History

This article explores the historical significance of the 12th Manitoba Dragoons in facilitating the rapid movement and success of II Canadian Corps during the liberation of the Netherlands in the spring of 1945. While Canadian historiography of the Second World War has rarely offered more than a passing reference to the Dragoons, the regiment played crucial roles in reconnaissance, security and economy of force operations. During the Netherlands campaign, the Dragoons made pivotal contributions to II Corps’ success by providing timely information, preventing gaps in the frontline and conducting offensive actions to disrupt enemy positions, all at significant risk to …

"The Canadian Army In Afghanistan" And The Decline Of Official Military History In Canada, Peter Kasurak

Canadian Military History

This article examines Sean Maloney’s The Canadian Army in Afghanistan in the context of the Canadian Armed Forces’ longstanding official history program. The development of official military history in Canada is briefly described with emphasis on its high levels of access and independence, its links to military operations and its ability to capture and preserve participant accounts and official records. The Canadian Army in Afghanistan was commissioned by the Canadian Army outside the official history program. It suffered publication delays due to a lack of independence, was limited in scope due to its unofficial nature and the fate of its …

Defending Canada’S Arctic, Greg Taylor

Canadian Military History

Editor's note: Forty years ago, Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel planned and executed Exercise LIGHTNING STRIKE 86, which explored the possibility of a Soviet threat in the Canadian Arctic. In the dying days of the Cold War, the exercise seemed irrelevant. No longer. Lieutenant Colonel Taylor’s account draws upon his long experience and memories of the operation. It reminds us of the immense operational challenges the CAF face in Canada’s North; the important role of the Canadian Rangers; and the need for a “historical memory” of operations that were once thought unimportant. It is also a reminder of how quickly …

The Greatest Naval War Ever Fought, Harold Ambler, Vincent P. O’Hara

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.

“A True Sailor-Statesman”—The Ethical Quandary Of Ambassador Raymond A. Spruance In The Philippines, Andrew K. Blackley

Naval War College Review

After retiring from the Navy, Admiral Raymond A. Spruance took on the role of U.S. ambassador to the Philippines. Thomas Buell, a prominent Spruance biographer, previously has claimed that Spruance’s involvement in the 1953 Philippine presidential election was ethically questionable, a perspective challenged by new research.

Narrowing Seas—The Littoral Strike Complex And The Future Of Naval Warfare, Charles A. Richard, John Robinson

Naval War College Review

Ukraine’s suppression of Russian naval activity by using unmanned surface and aerial vehicles provides a backdrop against which the concept of a “reconnaissance strike complex” is updated for naval warfare today. This framework reflects a path forward for future naval operations.

The Cognitive Dimension Of Mobilization—Reconsidering American War Preparation In An Age Of Persistent Cognitive Warfare, Robert "Jake" Bebber

Naval War College Review

American war mobilization doctrine is built on an industrial-era paradigm that assumes the primary contest is material: who can most efficiently convert economic capacity into military power. An evaluation suggests that this paradigm, while necessary, is no longer sufficient.

The Acquisition Lessons Of The 1980s And Their Continuing Relevance, John Lehman, Anand Toprani

Naval War College Review

Evaluating strategic frameworks for today’s Navy involves updating historical strategies for current realities. Given the deindustrialization of the nation, paired with China’s rapid economic expansion, new strategies for maintaining a relevant naval force must be considered.

Technical Disclosure Specification: An Asymmetric Fluidic Propulsion Cavity For Transverse Kinetic Energy Harvesting And Res-Phase Confinement, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure defines the mechanical, hardware, and operational specifications for a standalone laboratory apparatus engineered to accumulate, confine, and direct high-density vibrational wave energy within a closed boundary system. The system relies entirely on repeatable, book-level principles of non-linear fluid dynamics, high-frequency acoustic streaming, and radiative pressure fields, operating independently of any non-standard cosmological assumptions.

By utilizing a high-symmetry geometric grid of twenty independent Gallium Nitride (GaN) driven concentric transducer nodes, high-amplitude harmonic oscillations are focused directly into a specialized viscoelastic fluid medium trapped inside a rigid, highly reflective spherical envelope. At perfect phase alignment, the system drives the internal …

Unified Edge-To-Orbital Termination Architecture For Decentralized Data, Logical Substrates, And Power Grids, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure specifies the client-side terminal layers, non-linear routing structures, and physical infrastructure stabilization topologies required to achieve system closure for the ground-to-orbital networks defined in TDC# 12300 (Non-Linear Substrate Relay Matrices) and TDC# 12299 (Cross-Layer Token-Variance Telemetry). This architecture introduces three core subsystems: a client-side Substrate Pushback Data Engine (Vector 6) running a hard-coded deterministic compactness filter to optimize low-Earth orbit satellite uplink; a Decoupled Spatial-Temporal Graph Database Mesh (Vector 4) executing clock-free decentralized node routing via Chronological Latency; and a Macro-Scale Cymatic Joule Dilution Grid (Vector 5) scaling Topologically Protected Cymatic Electrolyte Matrix mechanics to prevent regional distribution …

Technical Disclosure: Non-Linear Substrate Relay Matrices For Decentralized Ephemeris Syncing And Orbital Phase Alignment, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This technical disclosure formalizes a low-power, cost-effective framework for autonomous satellite tracking, ephemeris state synchronization, and clock alignment across distributed ground node networks. Mainstream orbital communications rely implicitly on centralized atomic time standards and proprietary military GPS tracking networks. This absolute architectural dependency creates single points of systemic failure, leaving ground infrastructure vulnerable to central node shutdowns, intentional signal masking, or orbital coordinate gating.

By applying the principles of the Dimensionally Extended Holographic Projection (DEHP) model and the Oscillator Alignment Protocol (OAP), this framework introduces a decentralized ground-space tracking protocol. By establishing a peer-to-peer Substrate Relay Matrix across localized consumer …

Technical Disclosure: Cross-Layer Token-Variance Telemetry And Non-Linear Tensor Distance Protocols For Distributed Routing Topologies, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This technical disclosure formalizes an axiomatic mathematical framework for real-time telemetry, automated state balancing, and distributed node verification within multi-dimensional graph topologies. Modern high-density information systems encounter systemic failures when localized processing constraints induce uncoordinated data routing, runaway optimization loops, or asymmetric node curation.

By applying the principles of the Dimensionally Extended Holographic Projection (DEHP) model and the Oscillator Alignment Protocol (OAP), this framework establishes a self-policing network substrate. Individual routing nodes compute localized operational boundaries dynamically by tracking cross-layer Token Selection Latency (tau_latency) against an invariant two-dimensional boundary reference sheet. This mechanical configuration mitigates the formation of singular processing …

Caldwell Wildfire Rescue Engine (Cwre‑1.0) A Unified, Viability‑Filtered, Builder‑Ready Open‑Hardware Architecture For Wildfire Suppression & Resilience, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

ABSTRACT

The Caldwell Wildfire Rescue Engine (CWRE‑1.0) is a unified, multi‑layer open‑hardware architecture designed to support wildfire suppression, cooling, water supply, atmospheric prediction, and post‑fire recovery using real, buildable modules from the Caldwell Open‑Hardware Portfolio.

CWRE‑1.0 integrates:

• wildfire truck conversion systems

• atmospheric water harvesters

• solar‑thermal water generators

• submerged cooling structures

• floating shade panels for fire reservoirs

• molten‑salt and flow‑battery energy nodes

• atmospheric resonance prediction networks

• post‑fire soil regeneration systems

All modules are already posted on TDC and can be built and tested immediately.

Caldwell Colorado River Rescue Engine (Crre‑1.1) A Unified, Viability‑Filtered, Builder‑Ready Open‑Hardware Architecture For Stabilizing The Colorado River System, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

ABSTRACT

The Caldwell Colorado River Rescue Engine (CRRE‑1.1) is a unified, multi‑layer engineering architecture designed to stabilize the Colorado River system using real, buildable, open‑hardware modules from the Caldwell Portfolio. CRRE‑1.1 integrates atmospheric water harvesting, PFAS/microplastic remediation, solar‑thermal desalination, molten‑salt and flow‑battery energy stabilization, floating gyroid evaporation‑reduction panels, submerged cooling structures, climate/hydrology prediction networks, and desert agriculture decoupling systems.

All modules are already posted on TDC.

This posting provides:

• Full system architecture

• Engineering diagrams

• Deployment map (Nevada–Arizona–Utah)

• Prototype bill of materials (BOM)

• Direct TDC lookup references

• Viability upgrades

• New inventions added to improve performance

This is a real‑world, non‑speculative, builder‑ready …

Assessing Flaws In Captcha Security Through Progress In Ai, Jaydon Stanislowski

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

Protecting the internet from the threat of malicious bot activity is an important problem as AI tools become more powerful and commonplace over time. To that end, security measures are employed across websites in the form of CAPTCHAs, short challenges designed to identify and block fake web traffic. Yet, they become less effective over time as AI becomes more powerful, and thus more capable of solving them. This paper examines recent research on the threat to CAPTCHA security posed by current AI models and how this security can be reinforced over time, focusing primarily on Google’s reCAPTCHA v3.

Zero Trust Architecture And Ransomware Mitigation, Ely Johnson

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

Ransomware has become a critical threat to modern enterprises, exploiting excessive privileges and flat network architectures to spread rapidly. Traditional perimeter-based security models are insufficient, as they rely on implicit trust within internal networks. This paper examines how Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) mitigates ransomware through least privilege access, continuous monitoring, and micro- segmentation. Experimental results show that ZTA can significantly reduce impact, limiting encryption to about 20% of targeted files while preserving most data. Continuous monitoring enables rapid detection (5.3 seconds) with high accuracy (up to 97.2%) and a 78% reduction in false positives. Micro-segmentation further restricts lateral movement, reducing …

Security Limitations Of The Can Bus And Detection Through Power Fingerprinting, Ken Broden

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

This paper examines the vulnerabilities of the Controller Area Network (CAN), the standard communication protocol used in most modern vehicles. It explains why CAN is widely adopted and outlines key security weaknesses in its design. The paper then reviews recent research efforts to detect and mitigate these vulnerabilities, with particular focus on an approach to origin authentication that relies on the unique power consumption patterns of each individual electronic control unit on a CAN bus.

Primary Care Reimbursement: Current Processes And Future Advocacy, Brenda Koverman, Monika I. Robinson, Lydia Royeen

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Occupational therapy’s (OT) role in primary care is emerging as a viable practice area. Yet, operational efforts that include reimbursement continue to lag and have been identified as a barrier to entry. Current literature reveals confusing and overlapping reimbursement descriptions. Payment for services is critical for the sustainability of this practice area. This paper proposes a taxonomy to assist frontline clinicians, leaders, and provider practice managers to determine the best reimbursement strategy for their specific clinic. Differentiating and defining payment models, reimbursement determinants, and reimbursements methods allows OT leaders a shared language. Implementing the best reimbursement tactic will ensure the …

Ambient Agent Swarm With Soft Contract Negotiation For Proactive Network Monitoring, Ryan Holland, Elango Ganesan

Defensive Publications Series

Proposed herein is a hybrid cloud-edge ambient agent swarm for network operations, where specialized agents coordinate through soft capability contracts rather than rigid interfaces. The proposed approach enables continuous proactive monitoring and interactive troubleshooting in one system, while reducing latency and bandwidth through edge-local diagnostics with cloud-level synthesis. It is designed for enterprise-scale operations where platform teams need independent agent evolution, graceful fallback behavior, and consistent multi-domain triage with bounded deep-dive analysis.

Graph-Constrained Code Generation For Deep Metadata Environments, Pradeep Shankara, Anil Nagalla, Richard Yang, Vinay Anand

Defensive Publications Series

Generative artificial intelligence models may face challenges generating source code for languages that rely on deep, nested metadata stored in data repositories, which can result in functionally limited or non-compilable output. A graph-constrained code generation framework can address this by extracting metadata from a target system and translating it into one or more knowledge graphs that model structural dependencies. An automated agent may traverse these graphs to perform a multi-hop context retrieval based on a developer's request. This collected context can then be used to construct a detailed, constraint-enforcing prompt for a large language model. This process of grounding the …

System For Diagram Generation With Decoupled Logical Interpretation And Deterministic Rendering, Timothy Jabez, Arindam Sirohia, Stenal P. Jolly, Shreya Prabhu

Defensive Publications Series

A system for diagram generation can address potential limitations where logical interpretation and visual rendering are coupled, which could lead to inconsistent outputs. The system can employ a decoupled, multi-stage pipeline. For example, a first processing stage using artificial intelligence can transform an unstructured user input into a platform-agnostic intermediate logical artifact that defines a diagram's components and connections without spatial or visual information. Subsequently, a separate layout and rendering engine can process this logical artifact to calculate spatial positions and generate a visual diagram. This separation of logical interpretation from visual rendering may improve the reliability and accuracy of …

System And Method For Zero Copy Machine Learning Inference Using Non Owning Shared Memory Model Views, Faiz Ahmed

Defensive Publications Series

A system and method are disclosed that eliminate model loading in machine learning inference by enabling inference processes to operate directly on a shared, already‑resident model representation, wherein trained model parameters are stored as native binary structures in operating‑system managed shared memory and are accessed by inference processes through non‑owning typed memory views that require no allocation, copying, or deserialization; the shared memory region serves as the authoritative representation of the model and includes a control header and a plurality of model slots arranged in a double‑buffered configuration, wherein model updates are performed by writing a model into an inactive …