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National Warriors In God's Vineyards: Political Catholicism And The Problem Of Militant Clergy In Fascist Croatia, Rory Yeomans

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

"Religion, and particularly Catholicism, has long been a source of contention among historians of the Ustasha regime and Independent State of Croatia [Nezavisna Država Hrvatska]. Aside from debates about the number of Serbs murdered at the Jasenovac concentration camp complex, there can be few topics related to the wartime Croatian state that have generated as much research or provoked such controversy as the conduct of the Catholic Church and clergy under the Ustasha regime...

...This article aims to provide an insight into the ambiguous relationship between Catholicism and the Ustasha regime as well as the synthesis between religion and fascist …

2025-2026 Graduate Catalog, Morehead State University. Registrar's Office.

Morehead State Catalog Archive

2025-2026 graduate catalog for Morehead State University.

Advancing Sustainability In Civil Engineering Technology Through The Engineering For One Planet Framework, Dalya Ismael, Vukica M. Jovanovic, Murat Kuzlu, Charles Lowe, Lisa Bosman

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

As global environmental challenges intensify, integrating sustainability into engineering technology education is increasingly critical. Yet, many programs lack comprehensive methods to embed sustainability principles, leaving graduates underprepared to address real-world environmental issues. Courses on sustainability often approach it in isolated or superficial contexts, unable to capture its complexity. The purpose of this study is to showcase one approach for embedding the Engineering for One Planet (EOP) framework into the Sustainable Building Practices course within the Civil Engineering Technology Department. The newly developed curriculum integrated learning outcomes from three EOP topics: Environmental Impact Assessment, Materials Selection, and Systems Thinking. Students were …

Flipped Classroom Techniques In A Thermodynamics Course In Engineering Technology, Nathan Luetke, Orlando Ayala, Vukica Jovanovic

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Teaching undergraduate thermodynamics presents numerous challenges to educators due to its inherently complex and abstract nature. The vast array of applications in engineering requires educators to strike a balance between theoretical principles and practical examples, thereby creating a meaningful and applicable learning experience. This paper presents an approach to teaching an undergraduate thermodynamics course in engineering technology developed over four consecutive semesters blending traditional lecture-based teaching with flipped classroom techniques. The teaching methods used, and modifications made each semester are presented along with student performance.

Modified Waspas Technique For Triangular Fuzzy Neutrosophic Number Multiple-Attribute Decision-Making To Safe Operation Risk Assessment Of Batteries In Energy Storage Power Stations, Lunsen Zou, Zhiqiang Wang, Jin Wang, Linwei Wang, Liangrui Zhou

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

With the proposal of China's "dual carbon" goals and the rapid development of the energy storage industry, in recent years, there have been more and more reports on safety accidents of energy storage power stations in the application of the energy storage industry. It can be seen that the pressure and safety hazards of the safe operation of energy storage power stations have significantly increased, and safety issues have become the main bottleneck restricting the good development of the energy storage industry. The safe operation risk assessment of batteries in energy storage power stations could be considered (MADM). Recently, the …

An Approach To Numerical Solutions For Refined Neutrosophic Differential Problems Of High-Orders, Ahmed Salem Heilat

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The main goal of this paper is to studying a new numerical method for finding the refined neutrosophic numerical solutions to some refined neutrosophic differential problems of high orders. We use high-degrees refined neutrosophic polynomials to get the approximated solutions, where we apply our method on two different refined neutrosophic boundary value problems with numerical tables to compare the novel findings with classical ones.

Lagrange-Integrated Gra Model For Urban Landscape Sculpture Site Selection With Neutrosophic Decision-Making, Qiwei Liu, Jiayin Li, Chang Liu

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Urban landscape sculpture plays a crucial role in preserving cultural heritage, enhancing city vitality, and reflecting the lives of urban citizens. With the continued development of landscape sculpture in modern urban environments, the process of site selection has become increasingly important. A well-chosen location can establish a positive interaction between sculptures and urban activities. Traditionally, site selection methods have been largely theoretical, lacking quantitative foundations, which made practical application challenging for designers. To address this, site selection for urban landscape sculptures can be approached as a multiple-attribute decision-making (MADM) problem. Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) is an effective method for handling …

Enhanced Madm Strategy With Heptapartitioned Neutrosophic Distance Metrics, Mohamed Eassa, M. Myvizhi, Mohamed Elkholy, Ahmed Abdelhafeez, Hussam Elbehiery

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In this work, a novel methodological approach to multi-attribute decision-making problems is developed and the notion of Heptapartitioned Neutrosophic Set Distance Measures (HNSDM) is introduced. By averaging the Penta-Partitioned Neutrosophic Distance Measures under particular conditional criteria, the suggested technique ranks the options. Additionally, we explore the fundamental characteristics of HNSDM and provide several illustrative theorems. The Heptapartitioned Neutrosophic Set Distance Measures are formulated based on the Hepta Neutrosophic Set. Lastly, a practical numerical example is provided to illustrate the efficacy of the suggested methodology.

Correlation And Regression Coefficients Of Neutrosophic Graph Products Using Minimum Spanning Tree For Enhancing Healthcare Strategies, A. Meenakshi, Shivangi Mishra J

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This paper investigates the correlation and regression coefficients (CRCs) of single-valued neutro sophic graph products (SVNGPs) with a focus on the minimum spanning tree (MST) and their applications in enhancing healthcare strategies. Single-valued neutrosophic Graph (SVNG) is an extension of traditional graph theory that uses neutrosophic logic to solve uncertainties and indeterminacy. We have introduced the modular and strong products of SVNGs and calculated the CRCs with and without using MST to evaluate the relationships within healthcare networks. A comparative analysis has been done for CRCs with and without MST which helps to increase the accuracy and efficiency of CRCs. …

A Cross-Entropy-Based Framework Using Hypersoft Type-2 Neutrosophic Numbers For Innovation Capability Evaluation In Central Cities Of Emerging Economies, Xiangke Zhang, Shoukui He, Xu Chen

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The comprehensive evaluation of innovation capabilities in central cities of emerging countries is essential for promoting regional economic growth. This evaluation examines various factors, such as scientific activities, innovation infrastructure, talent resources, and policy environments, offering insights into the current innovation landscape and future potential. By guiding the allocation of resources and optimizing innovation policies, it fosters the transformation of technological achievements and accelerates urban economic transformation and sustainable development. Moreover, it helps cities attract investment and skilled talent, enhancing their competitiveness and influence. This evaluation is a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) challenge, for which the cross-entropy method has been recently …

Utilizing Cocoso And Interval Neutrosophic Magdm With Superhypersoft For Competitiveness Assessment In Rural Tourism Of Surrounding Cities, Aiping Cui, Zhiyao Liu

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

With rising living standards, rural tourism near cities has rapidly developed, playing a key role in the sustainable development of urban economies and societies. Factors like ecological environment, historical and cultural resources, and landscape significantly influence the competitiveness of rural tourism. However, current research on this topic is still in its early stages, with a focus on tourism benefits to cities, often overlooking other impacts. Rural tourism boosts employment, promotes rural industries, and increases farmers' incomes, accelerating rural urbanization and economic growth. Therefore, evaluating the competitiveness of rural tourism near cities is essential for its development. The evaluation of rural …

Enhancing Neutrosophic Data Analysis: A Review Of Neutrosophic Measures And Applications With Neutrostat, Zahid Khan, Katrina Lane Krebs

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Neutrosophic statistical measures analyze data that is not fully determined, often due to imprecise observations. This type of data presents a major concern in neutrosophic statistics. The existing literature cat egorizes neutrosophic measures into two types: descriptive and inferential, aiming to broaden the categorization of statistics in these two major areas. Every statistical measure can be contextualized within the neutrosophic framework by acknowledging the inherent imprecision, vagueness, or not fully defined. In this study, the major focus is on reviewing existing neutrosophic measures rather than proposing new ones. The aim is to enhance current neutrosophic structures to make them more …

A Novel Approach To Assessing Art Education Teaching Quality In Vocational Colleges Based On Double-Valued Neutrosophic Numbers And Multi-Attribute Decision-Making With Tree Soft Sets, Heng He

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

To promote stable and sustainable growth in vocational education, it is crucial to innovate and adapt the teaching methods of art education to align with modern educational trends. A comprehensive analysis of the art education curriculum is necessary to drive reform and modernize teaching methodologies, ensuring the continued relevance and effectiveness of art instruction. By updating art education, students can enhance their aesthetic appreciation, develop a refined understanding of high-quality artworks, and experience consistent growth in their artistic development. Moving beyond traditional teaching models is essential for the ongoing advancement of art education in vocational colleges. The evaluation of teaching …

A Novel Analysis On The Perception Of Physical Environmental Quality: An In-Depth Study Comparing The Neutrosophic Likert Scale With Score Function And The Classic Likert Scale - Statistical Analysis Of Data From A Restaurant Survey, Seher Bodur, Serpil Kaya, Selçuk Topal

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

There are studies examining the quality of the physical environment in the restaurant industry. However, these studies have only been conducted using Likert scale. Since the neutrosophic scale has not been used in the restaurant industry before, it is considered to be an important gap. For this reason, it is aimed to investigate the perceptions of physical environmental quality in restaurants by using Likert and neutrosophic scales for the first time. By applying Exploratory Factor Analysis, evidence is presented that a single factor adequately incorporates both scales, thus optimising the assessment procedure. Their consistency and reliability in assessing environmental perceptions …

A Python Framework Enhancement For Neutrosophic Topologies, Giorgio Nordo, Saeid Jafari, Maikel Yelandi Leyva V Azquez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This paper introduces an extension to the Python Neutrosophic Sets (PYNS) framework, originally detailed in [13], with the addition of the NSfamily class for constructing and manipulating neutrosophic topologies. Building on existing classes like NSuniverse and NSset, the NSfamily class enables the definition and testing of neutrosophic families as basis and sub-basis for neutrosophic topological spaces. This extension provides tools for verifying closure properties under union and intersection, and for determining whether a given family constitutes a neutrosophic topology. Through implemented algorithms, the framework automates the generation of topologies from families of neutrosophic sets, offering an efficient tool for advancing …

A Triangular Fuzzy Neutrosophic Model For Assessing And Optimizing Educational Quality In University Badminton Initiatives: A Comprehensive Study, Yi Zheng, Jun Chen

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The evaluation of teaching quality in public badminton classes at general universities primarily considers students' learning outcomes, teachers' teaching abilities, class organization, and the appropriateness of the teaching content. Evaluation criteria include students' mastery of skills, participation, interest development, and teachers' teaching methods, classroom management, and interaction effectiveness. By combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, the evaluation aims to assess teaching quality, promote improvements, enhance students' physical fitness and sports skills, and support teachers' professional development and improvement of teaching standards. The teaching quality evaluation of public badminton classes at general universities is a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM). In this paper, a …

On Schur Complement In K-Kernel Symmetric Block Quadri Partitioned Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrices, K. Radhika, T. Harikrishnan, R. Ambrose Prabhu, P. Tharaniya, M.John Peter, M. Anandhkumar

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In this paper, we present equivalent characterizations of k-kernel symmetric (k-KS) Quadri Partitioned Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrices (QPNFMs). Additionally, we establish the necessary and sufficient conditions for the Schur complement (SC) within a k-KS QPNFM to be k-symmetric. The study also offers equivalent characterizations of both KS and k-KS QPNFMs. A few fundamental examples of KS QPNFMs are provided to clarify these concepts. It is shown that although k-symmetry implies k-KS, the converse does not necessarily hold. Several fundamental properties of k-KS QPNFMs are also derived. Finally, decision-making model utilizing QPNSMs has been successfully developed and validated through its application to …

Dvnn-Cocoso: A Hybrid Neutrosophic Model For Evaluating Social And Economic Impacts Of Sports Event, Changshun Bai, Pute Lan

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The evaluation of the social benefits of major sports events is a multifaceted process, focusing on assessing the positive impacts such events bring to a host city and society. These benefits include promoting public health, fostering national pride and social cohesion, boosting local economies, and improving infrastructure. This evaluation process can be viewed as a multiple-attribute decision making (MADM) problem. This study introduces a novel double-valued neutrosophic number CoCoSo (DVNN-CoCoSo) technique for MADM, incorporating DVNN Hamming distance (DVNNHD) and DVNN Logarithmic distance (DVNNLD). This method effectively handles the uncertainty inherent in evaluating social benefits. A numerical example of social benefits …

Solving The Shortest Path Based On The Traveling Salesman Problem With A Genetic Algorithm In A Fermatean Neutrosophic Environment, Prasanta Kumar Raut, Surapati Pramanik, Deepak Kumar Mohapatra, Srikanta Kumar Sahoo

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most significant and well-known optimization problem that is frequently limited by uncertainty in edge lengths. Existing methods fail to effectively model and solve such problems in uncertain environments. To address this gap, we propose a novel approach that combines a genetic algorithm (GA) with Fermatean neutrosophic numbers to provide a more robust representation of uncertainty. This work presents a comprehensive framework for evaluating the shortest path in a given network by precisely characterizing uncertain edge lengths. The proposed methodology is tested on various TSP scenarios of varying complexities, demonstrating its ability …

, Cloud Computing And Neutrosophic Logic: Navigating Uncertainty In Educational Administration, Ibrahim Yasser, Aya A. Abd El-Khalek, Huda E. Khalid, A. A. Salama, Ahmed K. Essa

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Educational institutions face inherent uncertainties in student performance, stakeholder priorities, and data analysis. This paper explores how cloud computing, with its data storage, analytics, and collaboration tools, can address these uncertainties in educational administration. We propose a neutrosophic framework utilizing "truth," "falsity," and "indeterminacy" values to represent these complexities within educational data. Real-world case studies analyze how cloud computing can reduce uncertainties and improve decision-making. Our findings reveal that cloud computing offers significant potential for navigating the "fog" of educational administration, but its effectiveness is enhanced by considering the "indeterminacy" inherent in educational data through the neutrosophic framework. This research …

Regime Framework For Performance Ability Evaluation Of Excellent Football Players With Probabilistic Simplified Neutrosophic Sets, Dongdong Liu

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The evaluation of an excellent football player's performance abilities involves assessing their overall capabilities based on in-game performance. Key evaluation dimensions include technical skills (such as passing, shooting, dribbling, etc.), tactical awareness, physical fitness, mental resilience, and teamwork. Through data analysis, video review, and coach feedback, the player's impact and contribution to the game are comprehensively evaluated, helping to determine their actual level in matches and provide guidance for future development. The performance ability evaluation of excellent football players is multiple attribute decision-making (MADM). The REGIME proves to be an effective method for tackling MADM challenges. The Probabilistic Simplified Neutrosophic …

Interval Valued Secondary K-Range Symmetric Quadri Partitioned Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrices With Decision Making, K. Radhika, S. Senthil, N. Kavitha, R. Jegan, M. Anandhkumar, A. Bobin

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The objective of this study is to establish the results concerning Interval-Valued (IV) Secondary k-Range Symmetric (RS) Quadri Partitioned Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrices (QPNFM). We have applied the RS condition within the neutrosophic environment to explore the relationships between IVQP s−k- RS, s-RS, IVQP k-RS, and IVQP RS matrices. This analysis has yielded significant insights into how these various matrix types interrelate and their structural properties. We have established the necessary and sufficient criteria for IVQP s−k-RS IVQPNFM, along with various generalized inverses of an IVQP s−ks- RS fuzzy matrix to maintain its classification as an IVQP s−k- RS matrix. Furthermore, …

A Methodological Approach To Decision-Making Using Interval-Valued Neutrosophic Framework For Enhancing And Evaluating English Blended Teaching Quality, Ying Du

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The future of blended English instruction in universities is promising, driven by ongoing technological advancements and the increasing diversity of educational needs. This teaching model is expected to better integrate the strengths of both online and in-person learning, providing students with more flexible and personalized learning experiences. By combining these two modalities, blended instruction can improve student motivation and engagement while allowing educators to continuously refine their teaching methods and materials based on real-time data and feedback. As a result, blended learning is projected to become a more widespread and preferred method of instruction in higher education. In terms of …

A Neutrosophic Fixed Charge Multi-Objective 4 Dimensional Multi-Item Transportation Problem With Carbon Emission And Budget Constraints, A.N. Revathi, S. Mohanaselvi

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This paper seeks to address 4-dimensional transportation challenges by integrating budget con straints, vehicle speed, carbon emissions, and optimizing for maximum profit and minimum time. The rising number of vehicles, varying road conditions, and diverse vehicle types used to meet daily needs have exacerbated issues like global warming and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Our goal is to reduce carbon emissions for a cleaner environment. Single-objective, single-item transportation systems are often insufficient for scenarios with multiple criteria. Thus, we adopt a multi-objective, multi-item decision-making approach to tackle real-life transportation problems. Practical challenges frequently involve uncertainties stemming from time pressures, insufficient data, …

On A Novel Topological Space Based On Partially Ordered Ring Of Weak Fuzzy Complex Numbers And Its Relation With The Partially Ordered Neutrosophic Ring Of Real Numbers, Raed Hatamleh

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This work is dedicated to studying for the first time a novel topological space generated by weak fuzzy complex intervals based on the partial ordered ring structure of weak fuzzy complex numbers, where we build a topology structure over these intervals. Also, we present many novel results as mathematical theorems, mathematical proofs, and many related examples. On the other hand, we use the AH-isometry to determine the relationship between the weak fuzzy complex intervals, and neutrosophic intervals.

Neutrosophic Sets And Systems, Vol. 78,2025, Florentin Smarandache, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Maikel. Leyva Vazquez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

the whole volume

The Second Bite At The Apple Watch Through The United States Customs And Border Protection: A Further Whittling Of Patent Rights Post-Ebay, Thomas R. Langdon

Missouri Law Review

Underlying the patent system is a bargain between the general public and patent owners. In exchange for the limited-time right of the patentee to exclude others from making, using, or selling their patented invention or process, the public receives the benefit of both the disclosure of new and useful inventions and processes and the increased incentive to innovate. The Supreme Court’s eBay v. MercExchange decision, however, fundamentally changed this bargain by removing the presumption of injunctive relief for patent owners upon a finding of infringement in Article III courts. The Court replaced this presumption with a four-factor test, making it …

The Civil War In The Jackson Purchase Region Of Kentucky: A Preliminary Bibliography

Jackson Purchase Historical Society Journal Archive

The Civil War in the Jackson Purchase Region of Kentucky: A Preliminary Bibliography

William H. Mulligan, Jr.

Ex-Confederate Reunion And Parade

Jackson Purchase Historical Society Journal Archive

Ex-Confederate Reunion and Parade

Talley Bailey

Jackson Purchase Railroads

Jackson Purchase Historical Society Journal Archive

Jackson Purchase Railroads

Ricky-Dale Calhoun