Digital Commons Network^™

Heat Transfer Analysis And Packaging Optimization Design Of Self-Heating Rice, Sun Haowen, Li Huan, Wu Xiaomeng, Mao Like

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To further understand the influence of the heat transfer process on the quality of self-heating foods and improve the heating rate of existing self-heating rice products. [Methods] A combination of virtual simulation and experimental methods was used to analyze the actual temperature variations during the heating process of self-heating rice and the effects of heat transfer on rice texture. A three-dimensional heat transfer model of self-heating rice was established using COMSOL software to investigate the heat transfer process, and the packaging design of self-heating rice was optimized with the objective of maximizing the heating rate. [Results] After reheating and …

Iron-Decorated Graphene Nanoplatelets Produced By Atmospheric-Pressure Ferrocene Pyrolysis As Nano-Additives For Cement Mortars, Harutyun Gyulasaryan, Manoj Chhetri, Karen S. Martirosyan, Nelli Muradyan, Hovsep Hoveyan, Manuk Barseghyan, Aram Manukyan

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

This study examines iron-based graphene nanoplatelets (Fe-GNPs), synthesized through a modified ferrocene pyrolysis route, as hybrid nano-additives for cement mortars. The nanomaterial was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis, confirming a graphitic carbon network decorated with crystalline α-Fe nanoparticles. Mortars containing 0.001, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 wt.% Fe-GNPs, with and without surfactant-assisted ultrasonication, were tested in flexure and compression after 7 and 28 days of curing. The results showed a clear concentration-dependent response, with 0.01 wt.% yielding the highest strength gains. At 28 days, this dosage increased flexural strength by 14.5% without …

Normal Tissue Objective Versus Manual Optimizer Rings In Eclipse For Multiple Brain Metastases Radiosurgery, Shelby David

Masters Projects

Purpose

To compare the dosimetric performance of manually generated optimizer rings and the Eclipse Normal Tissue Objective (NTO) for single-isocenter volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) planning of patients with multiple brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

Methods

A retrospective treatment planning study was performed using ten patients previously treated with SRS for three or more brain metastases. For each patient, three VMAT plans were generated using identical beam geometry. The three plans consisted of manually generated optimizer rings, NTO alone, and a hybrid approach that incorporated both optimization strategies. Plans were evaluated using conformity index (CI), gradient measure (GM), minimum …

Microwave-Assisted Enzymatic Hydrolysis Of Tibetan Sheep Blood Protein And Analysis Of Product Characteristics, Yu Xilu, Gu Xuedong, Chen Yujin, Zhang Hongxin, Ciren Danzhu

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aims to utilize fresh Tibetan sheep blood as raw material, investigate the enhancing effect of microwave-assisted technology on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency, and achieve high-value utilization of Tibetan sheep blood. [Methods] A microwave-assisted trypsin hydrolysis method is employed to enzymatically hydrolyze the proteins. The optimal hydrolysis conditions are established through single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. The resulting hydrolysates are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a fully automated amino acid analyzer. [Results] The optimal hydrolysis conditions are determined as follows: microwave temperature of 40 ℃, microwave time of 50 min, enzymatic hydrolysis time of 240 min, …

Establishment Of An Indirect Competitive Elisa For Sulfadimethoxine, Han Lu, Huang Mingyue, Yu Xiang, Li Sijia, Cao Jinbo, Wang Yao, Kang Huaibin

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To establish an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) for the detection of sulfadimethoxine (SDM) in animal-derived foods. [Methods] An artificial antigen is synthesized by conjugating SDM with carrier proteins by the diazotization method. A highly sensitive antibody against SDM is prepared by immunizing animals. Based on this, an ic-ELISA is established and the detection system is optimized. Its detection performance is characterized, and spiked recovery tests are carried out. [Results] When the concentration of the coating antigen is 0.500 μg/mL, the dilution ratio of the horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody is 1:5000, the reaction time of the …

Authenticity Identification Of Camellia Seed Oil Based On Gas Chromatography And Chemometrics, Li Jingyan, Li Qin, Han Bo, Zhang Ruixue

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To establish a method for authenticity identification of camellia seed oil. [Methods] The fatty acid composition of camellia seed oil and six common vegetable oils are determined by gas chromatography. Principal component analysis (PCA) is employed to explore the distribution patterns of fatty acids among the vegetable oils and to screen for potentially adulterated oils. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) is applied to establish a model between fatty acid profiles and actual adulterated oils. Finally, multiple stepwise linear regression analysis is used to establish quantitative analysis models for adulteration in camellia seed oil. [Results] Among the six common …

A Surface Defect Detection Model For Fused Images Of Fruits Based On Improved Resnet 18, Si Haiping, Zhao Wenrui, Zhao Yuyang, Li Tingting, Fernado Bacao, Li Yanling

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To enhance the accuracy of detecting fruit surface defects caused by minor mechanical friction during transportation. [Methods] A surface defect detection model for fused images of fruits based on improved ResNet 18 is proposed. To address the challenge of multi-scale feature extraction, the model incorporates a MELA module designed to capture image details more comprehensively. Additionally, an energy function-based regularization loss function is introduced to collaboratively optimize the training process alongside the cross-entropy loss function. Furthermore, a transfer learning strategy is employed to mitigate overfitting. [Results] Experimental results demonstrated that the improved model exhibits exceptional performance in fruit surface …

Non-Destructive Detection Of Pork Loin Freshness Based On The Yolo V 11 Model, Deng Zhonghui, Xie Wei

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To develop an intelligent method for non-destructive recognition of pork loin freshness based on computer vision technology, which is to be achieved by establishing a classification model for accurate, fast, and non-destructive detection of pork freshness in the cold chain industry. [Methods] A classification detection model is proposed based on the YOLO v11 architecture. First, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content and pH values are measured before the meat samples are divided into three categories: "fresh", "less fresh", and "spoiled". A dataset of 4 680 high-resolution images is constructed (generated from 1 247 original images enhanced through operations such …

Shrimp Freshness Indicator Film Based On Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin/Curcumin, Li Wenjing, Wang Hui, He Mingxing

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To develop a shrimp freshness indicator film with good amine responsiveness and stability for the rapid and non-destructive detection of shrimp quality changes. [Methods] Using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and starch as film-forming substrates, indicator films were prepared with grape seed proanthocyanidins, curcumin, and their mixtures as indicators. The responses of the three indicator films to aqueous solution pH and trimethylamine were compared. The detection sensitivity and storage stability of the mixed indicator film were further evaluated. The indicator film was then applied to monitor the freshness of Litopenaeus vannamei, and the correlation and kinetics between total volatile basic nitrogen …

Effect Of Brewing Methods On Colloidal Particle Properties And Antioxidant Characteristics Of Coffee, Gao Guanzhen, Rao Pingfan, Han Cheng, Wang Huiqin, Shan Yunhui

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To investigate the effects of three typical brewing methods - hand drip, French press, and Turkish coffee - on the chemical composition, colloidal structure, and antioxidant activity of coffee, and to elucidate the mechanism of colloidal particles in the delivery of bioactive compounds. [Methods] Three types of coffee samples are prepared using the respective brewing methods. Their physicochemical components are determined and colloidal properties are characterized. The true solution phase and colloidal phase are separated by ultrafiltration, and their in vitro chemical and intracellular antioxidant activities are comparatively evaluated. [Results] Turkish coffee exhibits the highest extraction yield, but thermal …

Extraction Process Optimization Of Dunaliella Spp. Protein And Its Physicochemical Properties, Wang Xiaochen, Zhang Wei, Jing Yongkang, Xing Fengjie, Zhang Guodong, Zheng Xin

Food and Machinery

[Objective] Using Dunaliella spp. powder as the raw material, to explore the effect of pH value, alkali dissolution temperature, alkali dissolution time, and solid-liquid ratio on Dunaliella spp. protein extraction. [Methods] The optimal conditions are screened by single-factor experiments. Response surface experiments are designed by the Box-Behnken method to determine the optimal extraction process parameters for Dunaliella spp. protein with the Dunaliella spp. protein extraction rate as the indicator. Additionally, the group composition, secondary structure, amino acid composition, and functional properties of Dunaliella spp. protein are determined. [Results] The optimal extraction process conditions for Dunaliella spp. protein is pH 10.54, …

Dynamic Changes Of Major Non-Volatile Components During Gongfu Black Tea Processing, Deng Ming, Chen Liang, Liu An, Wei Dongning, Wu Wenliang, Wu Xiaofen, Qi Hui

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To investigate the dynamic changes in the major non-volatile chemical components during the processing of Jianghua Kucha 21-3 Gongfu black tea. [Methods] Fresh one-bud-two-leaf autumn tea leaves of Jianghua Kucha 21-3 were used as raw materials. Samples at different processing stages were obtained by liquid nitrogen pre-freezing and freeze-drying. The mass fractions of water extract, tea polyphenols, catechins, theaflavins (TFs), thearubigins (TRs), theabrownins (TBs), caffeine, theanine, free amino acids, and soluble sugars were determined. Additionally, sensory evaluation was conducted on Gongfu black tea processed with different fermentation durations. [Results] During processing, the mass fraction of water extract in Jianghua …

Numerical Simulation Of Humidity Field In Baijiu Fermentation Rooms And Influencing Factors, Hao Qi, Shi Yan, Yang Zhengquan, Lin Chunsong, Xu Guangqi, Wen Enhan

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To investigate the effects of ventilation conditions and Daqu stacking methods in the fermentation room on the humidity levels at various points within the room. [Methods] A three-dimensional unsteady gas-solid coupling model of a small-scale fermentation room is established. Then, the humidity field variation patterns in the room are analyzed using the height of the humidifying air supply outlet (H), the interlayer spacing of fermentation racks (h), and the gap between fermentation piles (δ) as variables. Additionally, multi-objective optimization is performed based on response surface methodology (RSM) and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). [Results] H, h, and …

Peeling Effect Of Three-Dimensional Turbulent Flexible Friction For Small Yellow Ginger, Sun Fang, Lu Kuirong, Jiang Shuiquan

Food and Machinery

[Objective] Aiming at the industrial bottleneck that the industrial peeling of small yellow ginger cannot balance high peel removal rate and low flesh damage rate due to its irregular shape, dense branches, thin and tender peel, a piece of peeling equipment based on three-dimensional turbulent flexible friction is developed. [Methods] Small yellow ginger is taken as the test material. With peel removal rate and flesh retention rate as evaluation indicators, single-factor and L9(34) orthogonal experiments are carried out to optimize three key parameters: processing time, material-water ratio, and stirring speed. Origin is used for data statistics and analysis. [Results] The …

Design And Application Of Low-Temperature Heat Pump Belt Drying Technology In Soy Sauce Residue Drying Process, Liu Shumo, Wang Liangliang, Qi Yan, Luo Zhiqiang, Cao Lei

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To address key issues in conventional soy sauce residue drying processes, including high energy consumption, severe equipment corrosion, and the susceptibility of heat-sensitive nutrients to degradation, a novel integrated drying system was designed and developed to achieve high efficiency, energy savings, and reliable product quality. [Methods] The system integrates key technologies such as spiral air-duct drying and two-stage dust removal. Based on the reverse Carnot cycle principle of a heat pump, a low-temperature drying environment of 40~75 ℃ was established, with the aim of reducing energy consumption while maximizing the retention of the material’s original quality. [Results] The system …

Effect Of Hot Air Drying Process On The Cracks And Quality Of Jujubes, Hu Linbin, Li Lin, Wang Long, Hu Can, Yi Xiaokang

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To investigate the crack occurrence in jujubes under different hot air drying conditions and the resulting quality differences. [Methods] Jujubes of Xinjiang are taken as the research objects. Based on hot air drying technology, three drying temperature and wind speed levels are set up to explore the drying characteristics and quality changes of crack-free and cracked jujubes under different drying conditions. [Results] Under hot-air drying conditions, the drying rate can be accelerated by increasing drying temperature and wind speed. Compared to crack-free jujubes, cracked ones are prone to moisture loss, thus requiring shorter drying times. Increases in temperature and …

Research Progress On Plant-Derived Metal Ion Chelating Peptides, Pei Hanzhe, Zhao Hongfei, Zhou Jiahua, Zhang Bolin, Chen Yonghao

Food and Machinery

Mineral element deficiency can cause many health problems. Traditional metal element supplements have many shortcomings. Food-derived metal element supplements have gradually become a research hotspot. Plant-derived polypeptides have significant advantages in terms of cost and raw material sources. Chelating peptides formed by chelating metal ions with plant-derived polypeptides have the physiological activity of peptides and the functional characteristics of metal elements, which makes them relatively ideal nutritional supplements, showing broad development prospects. This paper collects relevant research reports at home and abroad, and sorts out the preparation process, chelation mechanism and characteristics, and biological activity of plant-derived metal ion chelating …

Research Advances In Rice Bran Oil Bioactive Components And Antioxidant Technologies, Tu Yue, Guo Xiongchang, Zhang Wenhan, Cai Lichuang, Liu Jianping

Food and Machinery

Rice bran oil is a unique natural edible oil with healthy benefits and a reasonable fatty acid composition. Containing natural antioxidant components including phytosterols, oryzanol, tocotrienols, and squalene, rice bran oil is characterized by high nutritional value, diverse physiological functions, and excellent frying performance, thus demonstrating broad application potential. This study reviews the research advances in the bioactive components, physiological functions, factors influencing oxidative stability, and antioxidant technologies of rice bran oil, while providing prospects for future development.

Research Progress On Effect Of Salt On Pickling Vegetable Quality, Qi Kai, Li Ziyan, Cheng Wenbo, Fan Mingcong, Zuo Daoxi, Li Yan, Wang Li, Zhang Wenbin

Food and Machinery

Vegetable pickling is a time-honored food preservation and processing method, in which salt (primarily sodium chloride) plays an irreplaceable and core role. This paper systematically reviews the multidimensional effects of curing salt on vegetable quality. It comprehensively covers preservation mechanisms, textural transformations, the formation and conversion of flavor compounds, color stability, and nutritional value changes. Specifically, this article analyzes the decisive role of salt concentration gradients in final product characteristics. Furthermore, it examines the challenges posed by the low salinity, including microbial safety risks, textural deterioration, and flavor imbalances, while proposing corresponding strategies.

Research Progress In The Extraction And Purification Processes And Biological Activities Of Flavonoids From Cuscutae Semen, Li Renxin, Xiong Ying, Song Hui

Food and Machinery

Cuscutae Semen is a Chinese herbal medicine and a raw material for health foods in China, with flavonoids being a group of its main functional components. This article provides a systematic review of the extraction and purification techniques - reflux, ultrasonic, Soxhlet, microwave-assisted, flash, enzymatic hydrolysis, and supercritical CO2 extraction methods - of flavonoids from Cuscutae Semen. Furthermore, it elaborates on the biological activities such as reproductive protection, anti-tumor effect, anti-oxidative stress effect, liver and kidney protection, and immune regulation of flavonoids from Cuscutae Semen, as well as their related mechanisms. Moreover, this paper makes an outlook on the development …

Innovative Application Of Intangible Cultural Heritage Narrative Design In Agricultural Food Packaging, Chen Yanan, Chen Bingyan

Food and Machinery

cultural distinctiveness in current agricultural food packaging, this study puts forward an innovative approach to promote the upgrade of agricultural food packaging from functional consumption to cultural consumption through intangible cultural heritage (ICH) narrative design. In terms of methodology, the value of ICH narrative in food packaging is first analyzed, followed by the proposal of a design pathway encompassing three aspects: ICH content selection and story construction, narrative graphic and layout design, and material and process selection, with interactive experience being strengthened by integrating technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and augmented reality (AR). In terms of application …

An Infinite Number Of Roads Diverged In A Wood: Robert Heinlein’S Maximalist Road Trip In The Number Of The Beast, Patrick Julian

Mythcon

Robert Heinlein, Grand Master of Speculative Fiction, was born in Butler, MO (one hour north of Route 66), raised in Kansas City, and lived much of his early adult life in Los Angeles, the westernmost terminus of Route 66. Given this proximity to the Mother Road, it’s no surprise that Heinlein spent a considerable portion of his career writing about various versions of the Road Trip, whether it was taken via foot, horse-drawn carriage, automobile or spaceship. The Roads Must Roll, his 3rd published short story (1940), name checks Route 66, while many of his early works of juvenile …

'It's Going To Be Colder Than San Diego': Pre-Transition Experiences Of American Postgraduate Athletes At One British University, Lara Killick, Pete Schroeder

Journal of Athlete Development and Experience

Athlete migration is a visible element of the sport-globalization nexus. At the intercollegiate level, a new migration pattern has recently emerged. Numerous British universities are recruiting American postgraduate athletes for a variety of sports. International athlete migration has been examined using the cultural transition model (CTM) (Ryba et al., 2016). CTM features three phases that profile the developmental tracks migrant athletes experience in a new culture. This study used CTM to qualitatively explore the pre-transition experiences of American postgraduate athletes. Nineteen Americans playing at one British university were interviewed prior to the 2022-23 academic year. Data were recorded, transcribed, and …

Science And Engineering Fair Held At Odu, Barclay K. Weisberg Dds

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Mission - Accomplished, April Taylor

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Va Dent J July, August, And September 2010

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Soliciting Autonomous Agent Feedback Via Augmented Response Payloads, Chairy Cheung

Defensive Publications Series

Feedback collection methods designed for human users may be less effective in environments where autonomous agents are consumers of software tools, potentially affecting service improvement. A direct feedback channel can be established by augmenting tool response payloads with machine-parsable instructions. These instructions can prompt a compliant agent to construct and transmit a feedback report, which can be enriched with contextual information from the agent's perspective. This feedback can be solicited, for example, following an error or on a sampled basis for successful operations. The resulting feedback loop can provide data that may inform enhancements to tool performance and usability for …

Application Of Palmprint Data For Prediction Of Diabetes, Ramasamy K Mr

Theses and Dissertations

Type 2 diabetes is one among the diabetes mellitus which has strong relation with lifestyle, genetics and metabolic dysfunction. The increasing global prevalence, rising healthcare costs, and high percentage of undiagnosed individuals leads to the need of noninvasive, cost-effective early detection methods. In conventional diagnostic methods, laboratory investigations and periodic clinical visits are needed, which may not be feasible for working and middle-aged populations. To overcome this, the research work proposes an automatic, non-invasive and early prediction of Type 2 diabetes using palmprint image analysis integrated with clinical data for identifying diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. The first proposed method aims …

Whole-Life Carbon–Cost–Circularity Optimization For Ai-Era Data Centers: A Robust Multi-Objective Framework Under Carbon Pricing Uncertainty, Arezou Shafaghat, Da Hu, Ali Keyvanfar

Faculty Articles

The explosive growth of artificial intelligence workloads has triggered unprecedented data center construction, yet environmental assessment remains focused on operational energy efficiency. This paper introduces DC-WLC3O, a framework that simultaneously optimizes three objectives across the full data center lifecycle: whole-life cost, whole-life carbon, and material circularity index. The framework integrates cradle-to-cradle lifecycle assessment with dynamic material flow analysis, employing a four-layer analytical stack: Monte Carlo simulation with Latin Hypercube Sampling and Iman–Conover rank correlation; NSGA-III tri-objective Pareto optimization; Sobol’ variance-based global sensitivity analysis; and Many-Objective Robust Decision Making (MORDM). The framework evaluates 192 design configurations for a 30 MW hyperscale …

Universal Mandated Reporting Of Suspected Child Maltreatment: Knowledge And Decision-Making For Child Advocacy Studies (Cast) And Non-Cast Students, Sophia Weathers

Psychology Student Publications

1. Develop statutorily guided child maltreatment vignettes for nonprofessional audience.
2. Assess non-professionals’ reasonable suspicion judgements and reporting decisions.
3. Compare CAST and non-CAST students’ reporting decisions.