Digital Commons Network^™

Impacts Of Co2/Ch4/N2 Adsorption/Desorption On The Macromolecular Structure Of Anthracite: Insights From In Situ Raman Spectroscopy, Wang Tian, Pan Jienan, Li Meng, Wang Kai, Tang Zhuyun, Cheng Nannan, Hou Quanlin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Methods The adsorption/desorption of coalbed methane (CBM) not only induces the macroscopic deformations of coals but also significantly alters their macromolecular structures, with different gases exhibiting greatly varying mechanisms and influence degrees. Utilizing an independently developed in situ laser Raman spectroscopy system, this study revealed the differential structural responses and mechanisms of anthracite under CO₂, CH₄, and N₂ injection. Results and Conclusion Experimental results indicate that gas injection led to notable blue shifts in the D₄, D, D₃, and G peaks characterizing the microcrystalline structures of coals. In contrast, …

Advances In Research On Geological Evaluation Of Compressed Air Energy Storage In Underground Gas Storage Facilities, Jiang Wen, Huang Leqing, Zhang Songhang, Ma Huiying

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Against the backdrop of achieving peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality globally, renewable energy has developed rapidly and is gradually changing the world's energy mix. However, the intermittent and fluctuating nature of photovoltaic and wind power energy is prone to cause grid frequency fluctuations and reduced power supply reliability. Compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology has emerged as the key to the stable operation of the green power grid thanks to its large capacity and low cost.Methods Based on a systematic review of domestic and international literature in recent years, this study organizes the current theoretical and …

Log-Based Identification Of Sedimentary Facies In Coal Measures In The Southern Wuxiang Block, Shanxi Province, China, Jin Yi, Tian Yunqing, Song Huibo, Hu Bin, Yu Zhenfeng

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The Carboniferous and Permian coal-bearing strata in the southern Wuxiang block, Qinshui Basin, Shanxi Province, China contain abundant coalbed methane (CBM) resources. To develop intelligent discrimination technology for CBM exploration in this block, it is necessary to establish lithology discrimination criteria based on log data, reveal the response relationships between logging and sedimentary facies, and determine sedimentary patterns. Methods Using a comprehensive analysis of lithologies, sedimentary facies, and logging facies, this study systematically investigated the distributions of logging and sedimentary facies in the Shanxi and Taiyuan formations—the primary coal-bearing strata in the southern Wuxiang block. By comprehensively analyzing the …

Spatial Distribution Of Coalbed Methane Migration Pathways And Selection Of Optimal Target Areas For Coalbed Methane Extraction For Abandoned Mines, Liu Qinjie, Yang Youxing, Wu Benniu, Duan Minke, Deng Zhuoyue, Guo Chenye, Sun Qiang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Methods The spatial distribution and long-term evolution of effective migration pathways determine the migration pathways of residual coalbed methane (CBM) in abandoned mines. Furthermore, they provide an important basis for selecting the optimal target areas for CBM extraction drilling in abandoned mines and maximizing extraction efficiency. This study investigated the first mining area at the first horizontal elevation of the Songzao Coal Mine in Chongqing. Using a comprehensive approach that integrated theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and physical simulation experiments using similar materials, this study systematically examined the distribution patterns of effective CBM migration pathways in abandoned mines under …

Geochemical Characteristics And Genesis Of Element Enrichment Of Niobium-Rich-Rare Earth Metal Layer In Longtan Formation Of Zhina Coalfield, Ding Yunlong, Wang Fangfa, Li Bi, Tang Lifang, Yang Yi, Li Shangyuan, Wang Xiaofang, Zou Yinhong, Wang Yang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background With the increasing demand for strategic metals and the gradual depletion of traditional metal deposit resources, coal and coal-bearing rock series are considered to be potential sources of rare metals, and coal series associated has become one of the main directions of current mineral exploration. A set of coal measure strata rich in niobium (Nb) and rare earth elements (REE) has been found in Zhina coalfield, western Guizhou and the contents of Nb and REE are as high as 334.89 μg/g and 1014.51 μg/g, respectively. This discovery is of great significance to the theoretical study of coal measure metal …

Macroscopic Failure Characteristics And Seepage Pattern Of Damaged Goaf-Side Coal Pillars Under Confined Water Accumulation, Liu Weitao, Chen Dongqi, Liu Yuben, Du Yanhui, Zhao Jiyuan

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background The method of supporting roadways using small coal pillars has been widely applied in China. As a result, the stability of goaf-side coal pillars affects mining safety. Resulting from multiple disturbance effects, coal pillars tend to contain various types of damage fractures. The confined water environment in goaves with water accumulation might cause the instability failure of damaged goaf-side coal pillars. Methods To investigate the impacts of the damage fracture structure on coal stability, this study introduced the concept of relatively stable initial damage fractures. Based on the theory of damage mechanics, this study constructed hydro-mechanical-damage (HMD) coupling models …

3d Advanced Geological Prediction Based On Reflected Seismic Waves And Its Application Effects, Cai Sheng

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective For the advance geological prediction of tunnels based on reflected seismic waves, the traditional 2D observation method tends to cause spatial positioning deviations of anomalies. To overcome this limitation, this study developed a 3D seismic wave-based advance geological prediction method according to the actual geometries of tunnels. Methods Using the technical path consisting of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and engineering verification, this study solved key technical challenges including 3D wavefield reconstruction, spatial modeling, and migration imaging in the 3D detection system. Based on the principle of geometric seismology, this study demonstrated the enhancement effects of 3D observation on the …

A Time Series Forecasting Model Integrating Spatial Features For Inter-Borehole Resistivity And Its Application, Wang Jianghong, Liu Shuo, Wang Gang, Xue Wuqiang, Li Bofan

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Mine resistivity prediction serves as a core technique for water hazards monitoring in coal mines. However, due to sparse monitoring points and insufficient spatial resolution, conventional prediction approaches fail to capture dynamic resistivity variations under complex geological conditions.Objective and Methods To address this challenge, this study developed a deep learning-based time series forecasting model integrating spatial features for inter-borehole resistivity. Using a prediction framework constructed based on long short-term memory (LSTM) and critical spatial monitoring points selected through Pearson correlation analysis, this model (also referred to as the LSTM model) enabled high-precision prediction of resistivity in unknown areas. …

Hybrid Differentiator-Based Method For Estimating The Drilling Speed Of A Vehicle-Mounted Drilling Rig During Surface Drilling For Mine Rescue, Wang Yunfei, Zhao Jiyun, Hu Yongjie, Zhang Zongyang, Pan Xiaochen

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Vehicle-mounted drilling rigs (VMDRs), key devices in surface drilling for mine rescue, directly connect the ground and underground disaster-hit areas through vertical drilling, thereby creating rescue channels for trapped people. In this case, the drilling speed of VMDRs serves as an important indicator for evaluating surface drilling operations. However, directly determining the drilling speed is challenging due to the limitations of position sensors. Methods This study developed an estimation method based on a new hybrid differentiator (NHD), allowing the drilling speed to be calculated using measurable displacement signals. First, a continuous switching function was devised, and its convergence characteristics …

Parameter Characteristics And Rock-Breaking Mechanisms Of Horizontal Drilling Of Underground Collapsed Bodies In Coal Mines, Yao Ningping, Dou Xuqian, Han Zhaoyang, Zhang Guohua, Sun Yuchen, Li Hao, Wang Li

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective With continuously increasing coal mining depth, the risks of hazards such as roof collapse and personnel entrapment caused by high in situ stress and mining-induced pressure have significantly intensified. Drilling emerges as a key means of rapidly establishing rescue passageways. However, the drilling process tends to face multiple challenges, including complex geological structures, unstable collapsed bodies, and low drilling efficiency. Methods This study aims to reveal the rock-breaking mechanisms during the drilling of collapsed bodies, optimize drilling parameters to ensure reliable borehole formation, and achieve efficient drilling of collapsed bodies. To this end, this study developed a large-scale experimental …

The Association Of Smoking, Education, And Income Level With Cancer In Mexican Migrants At The U.S./Mexico Border, Carlo Opont

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cancer is a major public health problem in the United States and around the world. The condition is reported to be among the leading causes of death and has a significant impact on quality of life. The purpose of this study was to explore the association of smoking, education, and income level with cancer in the Mexican migrant population at U.S./Mexico border while controlling for age and gender. This quantitative, retrospective, cross-sectional study with a sample size of 988 used secondary data from the Mexican Migrant Project to explore the potential association between smoking, education and income level with cancer …

Successful Hiring Strategies Of Unmanned Aerial System Leaders In The United States, Gerald Evans

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Ineffective hiring strategies in the unmanned aerial systems (UAS) industry can result in performance deficiencies, increasing operational costs and reducing profitability, which hinders industry growth. UAS leaders are concerned about these impacts on organizational and economic outcomes. Grounded in Kristof-Brown’s person–organization fit theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry project was to explore the strategies used by UAS industry leaders who successfully hired personnel capable of minimizing performance inefficiencies. The participants were six UAS industry leaders in the United States who had effective hiring practices. Data were collected using semistructured interviews. Through thematic analysis, three themes were identified: importance …

Parent Roles Supporting Curriculum And Instruction With Virtual Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Keli Louise Amprey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The COVID-19 pandemic created an educational crisis when schools across the United States closed abruptly, requiring parents to assume new roles as facilitators of online learning without adequate preparation. Guided by Bandura’s social learning theory, the purpose of this retrospective basic qualitative study was to investigate parents’ perceptions of their roles as instructional and curriculum facilitators for elementary-level students during COVID-19 distance learning. Research questions examined how parents described their roles as online instructional facilitators, what challenges they faced in supporting curriculum and instruction virtually, and what types of support they needed to succeed in their new educational roles during …

Epidemiological-Based Study Of Sars-Cov-2 In Faisalabad, Sana Ullah, Muhammad Waseem Khan, Qurat-Ul- Ain, Khushbu Farva, Niaz Muhammad Khan, Hayat Ullah

Biological Engineering Student Research

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) raced around the world across different populations; there needs to be a consolidated effort to understand the divergence of the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. Population-based epidemiological characteristics studies measure the extent of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a country. The current research study was designed to report epidemiological data from Pakistan. For this purpose, 246 SARS-CoV-2-infected patients were included in the study. For SARS-CoV-2 confirmation, viral samples were collected from all the study participants; SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by viral nucleic acid detection using a nucleic acid detection kit. After SARS-CoV-2 confirmation, all the study participants …

Lanthorn, Vol. 60, No. 02, August 25, 2025, Grand Valley State University

Volume 60, August 4, 2025 – April 20, 2026

Lanthorn is Grand Valley State's student newspaper, published from 1968 to the present.

Probing The Effect Of Peg-Dna Interactions And Buffer Viscosity On Tethered Dna In Shear Flow, Fatema Tuz Zohra, Huda Al-Zuhairi, Jefferson Reinoza, Hyeongjun Kim, Andreas Hanke

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

DNA flow-stretching is a widely employed, powerful technique for investigating the mechanisms of DNA-binding proteins involved in compacting and organizing chromosomal DNA. We combine single-molecule DNA flow-stretching experiments with Brownian dynamics simulations to study the effect of the crowding agent polyethylene glycol (PEG) in these experiments. PEG interacts with DNA by an excluded volume effect, resulting in compaction of single, free DNA molecules in PEG solutions. In addition, PEG increases the viscosity of the buffer solution. By stretching surface-tethered bacteriophage lambda DNA in a flow cell and tracking the positions of a quantum dot labeled at the free DNA end …

Mri-Guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy For Neuropathic Pain In An Adolescent With Cranial Metastases: Illustrative Case, Sarah G Van Winkle, Danika L Paulo, Ashwin Viswanathan, Daniel Curry, Nisha Gadgil

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Neuropathic cancer pain (NCP) is a debilitating condition that is often refractory to conventional medical management. MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) central lateral thalamotomy (CLT) is an incisionless neurosurgical option for neuropathic pain palliation, but its use in pediatric patients and those with cranial metastases, a relative contraindication to MRgFUS, remains largely unexamined.

Observations: A 16-year-old male with metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) with numerous cranial metastases experienced severe, diffuse, refractory NCP. The patient underwent bilateral CLT with MRgFUS. After the procedure, the patient experienced complete and durable resolution of his neuropathic pain. He only reported occasional somatic pain at sites of …

Steering Indian Financial Services Towards Digital Operational Resilience: A Cross-Sectoral Approach, Vaibhav Vijay Nishad, Smruti Kulkarni

Indian Journal of Law and Technology

In India, among the three financial regulators, RBI’s recent focus on creating a robust ICT risk management framework has been at the forefront of the country’s digital operational resilience strategy. The continuous cyber threats and recent digital operational failures have highlighted the need for further enhancements to strategies that establish strong ICT risk management. Addressing these cybersecurity vulnerabilities requires more than prescriptive rules; it demands holistic, flexible, adaptive, and coordinated regulatory approaches to strengthen digital operational resilience. This paper analyses the key issues that need resolution to advance these efforts. We identify the misalignment of economic incentives for compliance as …

Centring Marginalisation In The Development Of Digital Courts: Reflections From Argentina, India, Kenya, And Malaysia, Siddharth Peter De Souza, Varsha Aithala, Francisco Mignaquy, Mercy Muendo, Anisha Nadkarni

Indian Journal of Law and Technology

This paper presents a multi-jurisdictional analysis of digitalisation of justice and the perceived role of courts as public institutions upholding the rule of law and ensuring access to justice to all. Using selected examples from Argentina, India, Kenya and Malaysia, it examines the impact of digitalisation efforts of these countries on their citizens, marginalised populations, the State and private sector. We propose to design an approach to digital justice that centres people on the margins of digital transformation of courts. This includes three elements – first, engagement with people centered perspectives; second, focus on disadvantage and addressing socio-technical factors; and …

A Comparison Of Diving Behavior Of Goose-Beaked And Dense-Beaked Whales From Tagging Studies In Multiple Ocean Basins, Jay Barlow, Robin W. Baird, Janelle Badger, Gregory S. Schorr, Erin A. Falcone, Shannon N. Coates, Peter L. Tyack, Andrew J. Read, Leigh S. Hickmott, John W. Durban, Diane Claridge, Natacha Aguilar De Soto, Daniel Miranda Gonzalez, Fleur Visser, Machiel G. Oudejans, Stacy L. De Ruiter, David A. Sweeney, Brenda K. Rone, Stephanie L. Watwood

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Studies of cetacean diving behavior in multiple locations in different ocean basins allow for an assessment of variability within and among populations. We examine foraging dive behaviors of goose-beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris) and dense-beaked whales (Mesoplodon densirostris) using data from 132 tagged whales in seven locations in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea. Acoustic recording tags are used to identify foraging dives by the presence of echolocation. For other tag types, foraging dives are identified based on maximum dive depth. Five parameters are used to characterize foraging dives: maximum dive depth, foraging dive duration, dive cycle duration, …

The Legal Implications Of The Altman Z-Score As A Tool For Bankruptcy Prevention Through The Case Study Of Pt. Sri Rejeki Isman Tbk (Sritex), Samuel Baringin Doloksaribu

Technology and Economics Law Journal

Indonesia’s bankruptcy law, as regulated by Law No. 37 of 2004, allows debtors to be declared bankrupt based solely on the existence of two creditors and one unpaid debt, without requiring a substantive assessment of their financial health, raising concerns about fairness, legal certainty, and economic impact. This thesis investigates whether predictive financial models such as the Altman Z-Score can be integrated into Indonesia’s legal framework to improve early detection and prevention of corporate insolvency. The central question is how these models can be legally recognized and implemented, and what challenges or reforms are necessary to facilitate their use. Employing …

3d-Printable Hydrogel With Rapid Ambient Self-Healing, Anna M. Petre

Research from the Berry Summer Thesis Institute, 2025

Inspired by nature, soft robots composed of compliant (“soft”) materials are well-suited for uncertain, dynamic tasks requiring safe interaction between a robot and its environment. Soft robots with the ability mend minor damage (e.g. perforations, tears) have been enabled by the rapid development of self-healing soft materials. Recently, one of these hydrogel materials (internally dubbed “BeckOHflex”) – made entirely from commercially available precursors – was developed with several appealing characteristics including rapid ambient self-healing, 3D printability on commercial machines, and competitive mechanical properties. However, the self-healing performance of BeckOHflex falls short of competitors that leverage custom-synthesized precursors. This project aims …

Co-Culture 3d Model For Breast Cancer, Anh Duc Nguyen

Research from the Berry Summer Thesis Institute, 2025

The ability to replicate the tumor microenvironment using 3D models have allowed researchers to study the tumors in vitro closer to their in vivo counterparts without the drawbacks of those models. The 3D co-culture model is an improved version of the 3D monoculture model, capable of replicating the tumor microenvironment, letting researchers study cancer response mechanism, tumor metastases, drug resistance, simulate cell-cell interactions, etc., in breast cancer. The models can be classified into four classes based on their formation method and content, all of which have different advantages and disadvantages.

Intelligent Motion Tracking: A Low-Cost Surveillance Framework Using Soc Devices And Sensor Fusion, Aung Myat Khaung, Nicholas Michael Stiffler

Research from the Berry Summer Thesis Institute, 2025

This thesis presents the design and implementation of a lightweight surveillance system capable of realtime motion detection, object tracking, and behavioral history reconstruction in controlled environments. The system uses System-on-Chip devices such as Raspberry Pi boards equipped with NOIR cameras, monocular cameras, and break-beam sensors that work together to detect and track single or multiple moving objects like colored balls. The prototype is validated in structured settings with the goal of eventual deployment in more dynamic environments, addressing the challenge of reliably tracking visually similar objects with minimal distinguishing features. The architecture integrates computer vision with sensor fusion by combining …

An Investigation Of Hydro-Morphological Changes At The Estuarine Outlet Of Kitchener Drain, Northern Coast Of Egypt, Nada Mansour, Karim Nassar, Mahmoud El-Gamal, Tharwat Sarhan

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In recent years, sedimentation and coastline erosion have occurred in the Kitchener Drain, where its outflow meets the Mediterranean Sea. Several measures have been taken to mitigate the impact of these problems. Excavation continues toward the drain's outlet, and there have been multiple stages of hard protection work, such as groins along the drain's eastern and western banks. What would happen if the working near the drain was kept, where accretion and erosion are most severe. The Coastal Modelling System (CMS) was used to find it out. The two-dimensional hydrodynamic circulation model known as the CMS is outfitted with modules …

Learning Neural Point Processes For Long Event Sequences, Zhuoqun Li

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This research presents a comprehensive series of studies aimed at advancing learning neural point processes for long event sequences, with applications spanning disaster resilience, crime forecasting, and healthcare. Structured around three interconnected studies, this work addresses core challenges in temporal point process (TPP) modeling, efficient handling of long event sequences, and improving accuracy over extended forecasting horizons by reinforcement learning.

The first study proposes the Sparse Transformer Hawkes Process (STHP) to model long asynchronous event sequences. Traditional neural network-based TPPs struggle with long event sequences due to computational inefficiencies. To address this, the STHP model combines two components: a temporal …

Novel Nano-Composite Materials (Nncms) With The Designations J1, J2, And J3 For Removal Several Harmful Ions, Mohammed K. Al-Doseri, Safaa. R. Fouda, Mohamed Mossad, Mahmoud H. Mahmoud

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The most toxic material to the environment is heavy metals. remove heavy metals from wastewater is done by adsorption. Many papers have been done using different materials to take off toxic dangerous ions from wastewater. Noval Nano-composites material (NNCM)as designated as J1, J2, and J3 the most used adsorbents in this study. To conduct the experiments, synthetic wastewater was generated in the lab. Batch experiments were conducted to create the best conditions for removing these ions from the wastewater. The optimum conditions obtained were 90 min optimum contact time, and pH equal seven, optimal NNCM dose was 0.5 g/L achieving …

Transfer Learning-Based Multi-Sensor Approach For Predicting Keyhole Depth In Laser Welding Of 780dp Steel, Byeong-Jin Kim, Young-Min Kim, Cheolhee Kim

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Penetration depth is a critical factor determining joint strength in butt welding; however, it is difficult to monitor in keyhole-mode laser welding due to the dynamic nature of the keyhole. Recently, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been introduced for real-time keyhole depth measurement, though accurate results require meticulous calibration. In this study, deep learning-based models were developed to estimate penetration depth in laser welding of 780 dual-phase (DP) steel. The models utilized coaxial weld pool images and spectrometer signals as inputs, with OCT signals serving as the output reference. Both uni-sensor models (based on coaxial pool images) and multi-sensor models …

Exploring Arabic Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Review, Lamar Aljahdali, Joud Kaki

Effat Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper presents a comprehensive review of Arabic large language models (LLMs), exploring their capabilities, limitations, and potential impact on the Arabic NLP landscape. We analyze the performance of prominent LLMs, including JAIS, AraBERT, and BLOOM, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses on various NLP tasks. The review delves into critical challenges faced by Arabic LLMs, such as domain adaptation, cross-lingual capabilities, and ethical considerations. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the importance of responsible development and deployment practices for LLMs, ensuring fairness, transparency, and cultural sensitivity.

Analog To Digital Converters Topologies For Radar System Application: A Comparison, Kulsoom Mateen, Wafa Alharbi, Aziza I. Hussein

Effat Undergraduate Research Journal

Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) that convert analog signals into digital ones play a significant role in radar systems. The accuracy and resolution of radar readings are significantly influenced by the quality and performance of ADCs. This paper discusses and compares the application of five different types of ADCs in radar systems. It also elaborates on each ADC's working principle, advantages, and limitations. The parameters compared are resolution and dynamic range, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), latency and sampling rate, power consumption, size, and cost. After thorough research, we concluded that each ADC differs depending on the designer’s desired application. For example, flash ADCs …