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Effect Of Handlebar Height On Lower-Limb Biomechanics And Upper Body Kinematics In Elite Pursuit Cyclists, Daniel Williams, Marcus Dunn, Paul Worsfold, Deborah Newton, Steve H. Faulkner, Francesca D'Andrea, Jon Wheat Nov 2025

Effect Of Handlebar Height On Lower-Limb Biomechanics And Upper Body Kinematics In Elite Pursuit Cyclists, Daniel Williams, Marcus Dunn, Paul Worsfold, Deborah Newton, Steve H. Faulkner, Francesca D'Andrea, Jon Wheat

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of handlebar height changes on upper body posture and lower-limb biomechanics in elite pursuit cyclists. Sixteen (9 male, 7 female) cyclists completed 1-minute cycling bouts with different handlebar heights (Preferred, -30 mm and +30 mm). 2D motion capture was used to record upper and lower body joint kinematics and integrated with instrumented force pedals to measure crank and lower limb joint kinetics. A general linear mixed model and repeated measures ANOVA were used to assess discrete and time-series variables. The findings indicate that elite cyclists can adapt ankle and hip …

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Introducing ‘Slide’ - A Portable Device For Assessing Skin-Surface Injury Risk Via The Maxwell Tribo Index, Finlay Taggart, Maxwell Macfarlane, John Mcluckie, Eric O'Donnell, Peter Theobald Nov 2025

Introducing ‘Slide’ - A Portable Device For Assessing Skin-Surface Injury Risk Via The Maxwell Tribo Index, Finlay Taggart, Maxwell Macfarlane, John Mcluckie, Eric O'Donnell, Peter Theobald

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Synthetic turf enhances sports participation through durability, high usage, and low maintenance, but some systems increase the risk of skin abrasions compared to natural grass. This study presents the SLIDE - a portable, cost-effective device that replicates skin-surface interactions and applies the Maxwell Tribo Index (MTI) to quantify skin injury risk per surface. The initial prototype achieved target velocities and pressures, supporting its relevance for on-site testing. Ongoing validation aims to establish correlation between SLIDE and SID outputs across a representative range of MTI values.

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Effects Of Lower Limb Ballistic Training On Leg Kicking And Overall Performance In Swimming: Case Study, Ayman W. Sadek, Paul Grimshaw Nov 2025

Effects Of Lower Limb Ballistic Training On Leg Kicking And Overall Performance In Swimming: Case Study, Ayman W. Sadek, Paul Grimshaw

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This case study aimed to investigate the effects of a lower limb ballistic training program on lower body strength, front crawl flutter kick performance, and sprint swimming performance over 50 meters in a male recreational swimmer. One participant was recruited, and completed a 6-week training program, with pre- and post-tests assessing 50 m front crawl sprint time, 25 m flutter kick sprint time, stroke length (SL), one-repetition maximum (1-RM) squat, and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance. The participant showed improvements in the swimming performance and in SL, as well as some CMJ variables. However, no inferential statistics was conducted due to …

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The Effect Of Baseball Bat Diameter On Batted Ball, Hirotaka Nakashima Nov 2025

The Effect Of Baseball Bat Diameter On Batted Ball, Hirotaka Nakashima

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bat diameter on the batted ball characteristics in baseball. A custom-made bat swing machine swung bat horizontally and hit a ball floating in the air using wind pressure. Three bats of different diameter (6.30 cm, 5.73 cm, and 5.32 cm) were used with 30 trials per bat. Three high-speed video cameras were used to record the movements of the bat and ball near the impact and compared the batted ball characteristics. As a result, bat diameter did not appear to have a significant effect on batted balls.

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Differences In Trunk And Hip Isokinetic Strength Performance Among Cheerleaders With Varying Somersault Technical Levels, Yi-Zhu Liao, Shih-Chung Cheng, Wen-Tzu Tang Nov 2025

Differences In Trunk And Hip Isokinetic Strength Performance Among Cheerleaders With Varying Somersault Technical Levels, Yi-Zhu Liao, Shih-Chung Cheng, Wen-Tzu Tang

ISBS Proceedings Archive

啦啦隊中的站立後空翻 (SBTS) 需要精確的速度控制和軀幹-臀部協調，並依靠特定肌肉的力量。雖然 SBTS 通常可以實現，但更高級的站立全空翻 (SF) 需要更大的力量。這項研究評估了 17 名啦啦隊在 3 種不同速度（軀幹：30-120°/s；臀部：60-300°/s）下的軀幹和臀部等速力量。參與者根據技能分組：僅 SBTS（NSF，n = 9）和同時進行 SBTS 和 SF（SF，n = 8）。雙向變異數分析顯示 SF 組的髖部屈曲峰值扭矩明顯較大（p < .05）。髖部伸展的顯著交互作用顯示 NSF 中 300°/s 和 180°/s 時的扭矩下降（p < .05），而在 SF 中沒有觀察到。研究結果強調了強大的髖屈肌和保持高速髖伸展對於空翻動作的重要性，為有針對性的啦啦隊訓練提供了指導。

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The Effect Of Augmented Reality Glasses On Elderly And Young Adults – A Preliminary Study, Sangyup Lee, Melissa Mache, Chengtu Hsieh Nov 2025

The Effect Of Augmented Reality Glasses On Elderly And Young Adults – A Preliminary Study, Sangyup Lee, Melissa Mache, Chengtu Hsieh

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Falls are a major concern among older adults, often linked to gait adaptations influenced by aging and environmental factors. This study examined the effects of augmented reality (AR) glasses on gait in young and older adults under three conditions: walking without AR glasses (W/O), with AR glasses (AR), and with AR glasses while performing a cognitive task (AR + CQ). Twelve participants (six younger, six older) walked on a treadmill at their preferred speed while gait was analysed using OpenCap. Compared to younger adults, older adults exhibited shorter stride length and narrower step width under AR conditions. Younger adults showed …

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A Pilot Study To Evaluate Sagittal Kinematic Variables In Accelerated Run Using Openpose Markerless Motion Capture System, Mizuki Kitamura, Mitsuo Otsuka Nov 2025

A Pilot Study To Evaluate Sagittal Kinematic Variables In Accelerated Run Using Openpose Markerless Motion Capture System, Mizuki Kitamura, Mitsuo Otsuka

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study evaluated the agreement between OpenPose markerless and marker-based methods in analyzing sprint start performance. Four male students performed ten sprint starts. The Bland-Altman test for average center of mass (COM) horizontal velocity from the beginning motion to 1-m position of the OpenPose markerless method showed a fixed bias of -0.02 m/s, 95% limits of agreement (LoA) from −0.10 to 0.06 m/s, and a proportional bias of r = −0.47. For the 1-m running time, fixed bias was −0.00 s, 95% LoA ranged from −0.09 to 0.09 s, and proportional bias was r = 0.39. In the calculation of …

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Characterizing Cardiac-Locomotion Synchronization And Heart Rate/Gait Cycle Fluctuations: A Pilot Study, Minato Kawaguchi, Kousuke Meguro, Kentaro Takahashi Nov 2025

Characterizing Cardiac-Locomotion Synchronization And Heart Rate/Gait Cycle Fluctuations: A Pilot Study, Minato Kawaguchi, Kousuke Meguro, Kentaro Takahashi

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study investigated cardiac-locomotion synchronization (CLS) during indoor treadmill and outdoor free walking, examining its environmental differences and relationships with heart rate/gait rhythm variability. Twelve participants used wearable ECG and accelerometer sensors for data collection during self-paced brisk walking. We analysed the last 10 minutes of stable walking, calculating mean period, coefficient of variation, and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) slope α. CLS was quantified by the 'Sync rate', the temporal proportion of consistent gait cycle to R-R interval ratios. Results showed significantly higher Sync rates in outdoor walking. Outdoor gait rhythm fluctuation α tended to decrease with increased Sync rate. …

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Impact Techniques For Controlling Ball Trajectories Height In Soccer Instep Kicking, Koichiro Inoue, Neal Smith, Hiroyuki Nunome Nov 2025

Impact Techniques For Controlling Ball Trajectories Height In Soccer Instep Kicking, Koichiro Inoue, Neal Smith, Hiroyuki Nunome

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The present study aims to illustrate the distinct characteristics of foot motion during ball impact by comparing kicks with different ball launching angles. Seven male soccer players performed 42 trials of soccer instep kicking, targeting two different heights (High and Low). Three cameras recorded the ball impact at 2000 Hz. The ball contact point was near the centre for the low target but approximately 10 mm below it for the high target. While the foot swung downward in both cases, its direction was more horizontal for the high target. A greater abduction tilt was observed for the high target, whereas …

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Assessing The Impact Reduction Capabilities Of Gamebreaker Softshell Headgear In Drop Tests, Annette G. Heward-Swale, George Stilwell, Nick Draper, Natalia Kabaliuk Nov 2025

Assessing The Impact Reduction Capabilities Of Gamebreaker Softshell Headgear In Drop Tests, Annette G. Heward-Swale, George Stilwell, Nick Draper, Natalia Kabaliuk

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Softshell headgear is marketed to reduce head impact intensity in contact sports like rugby; however, evidence supporting this remains limited. This study investigated whether selected headgear models, GameBreaker-Pro, a novel GameBreaker-Prototype and a World Rugby (WR) Law 4 approved headgear, attenuate impact intensity under controlled drop test conditions. Peak linear acceleration (PLA), peak rotational acceleration (PRA), and peak rotational velocity (PRV) were measured on a Hybrid III headform fitted with this headgear. Drop tests were conducted from 15-60 cm at five head impact orientations. All headgear reduced impact kinematics relative to the bare headform. GameBreaker headgear achieved 14-22% greater reductions …

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The Influence Of Pinch Holds' Width On The Mechanics And Muscular Activity Characteristics Of The Pinch Technique For Advanced Climbers, Weiya Hao, Yaohan Huang, Shangxiao Li, Yuting Peng Nov 2025

The Influence Of Pinch Holds' Width On The Mechanics And Muscular Activity Characteristics Of The Pinch Technique For Advanced Climbers, Weiya Hao, Yaohan Huang, Shangxiao Li, Yuting Peng

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aims to explore the effects of pinch holds’ width on the mechanics and muscle activity characteristics of the pinch technique in sport climbing. 22 climbers completed maximum gripping or pinching biomechanic test of a jug hold and two pinch holds with different width. The resultant traction force, traction force components, the utilization ratio of traction forces and root mean square (RMS) amplitude of the electromyography (EMG) signals of upper limb muscles were collected. Compared to the jug, traction force decreased by 6%-19% when using the broad pinch and 31%-46% with the narrow pinch (all P < 0.05). The RMS of the pectoralis major, biceps brachii, and latissimus dorsi showed the pattern: jug > the broad pinch …

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Interaction Between The Midsole And Plate In Running Shoes Modifies The Energy Strategy Of The Mtp Joint During Running, Soo-Ji Han, Jusung Lee, Sanghyuk Han, Seongjun Kim, Jongchul Park Nov 2025

Interaction Between The Midsole And Plate In Running Shoes Modifies The Energy Strategy Of The Mtp Joint During Running, Soo-Ji Han, Jusung Lee, Sanghyuk Han, Seongjun Kim, Jongchul Park

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study investigated biomechanical differences of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint according to midsole materials (EVA, PEBA) and carbon plate insertion. Ten male runners performed overground running at 3.89 m/s (±5%) under four footwear conditions. Discrete outcome variables included active and critical stiffness (Kactive, Kcr), push-off time, peak propulsion force, and MTP power transition timing, while statistical nonparametric mapping (SnPM) was applied to joint power. PEBA without a plate did not provide a propulsion advantage but reduced energy loss and enabled more effective joint control than EVA. In contrast, the addition of a plate to EVA facilitated a faster roll-off with …

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The Effect Of Changing Depth And Speed On Ground Reaction Forces During Squat, Ihsen M. Hamed, Hafiz H. Abdalla, Rony Ibrahim Nov 2025

The Effect Of Changing Depth And Speed On Ground Reaction Forces During Squat, Ihsen M. Hamed, Hafiz H. Abdalla, Rony Ibrahim

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study examined the combined effects of squat depth and speed on three-dimensional ground reaction force (GRF) patterns during bodyweight squats in 18 male participants. Imposed speed squats were about twice as fast as preferred speed, and peak knee flexion increased with depth: 99° (partial), 115° (half), and 130° (full). GRFs were measured with dual force plates and analyzed using one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Slow-paced squats generated higher GRFs at the beginning and end of the movement, whereas fast tempo squats yielded a sharper vertical GRF during the bottom transition phase. Squat depth primarily affected horizontal …

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Are On-Field Peak Patellar Tendon Force Estimations From Kinematics And Kinetics Viable? An Exploratory Analysis, Michiel Hagen, Jasper Verheul, Wouter Meynendonckx, Simran Chandani, Yoni Dochez, Margot Vanpachtenbeke, Danilo Santos Catelli, Sabine Verschueren, Jos Vanrenterghem Nov 2025

Are On-Field Peak Patellar Tendon Force Estimations From Kinematics And Kinetics Viable? An Exploratory Analysis, Michiel Hagen, Jasper Verheul, Wouter Meynendonckx, Simran Chandani, Yoni Dochez, Margot Vanpachtenbeke, Danilo Santos Catelli, Sabine Verschueren, Jos Vanrenterghem

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The objective of this study was to explore the potential of peak patellar tendon force estimations across a broad variety of physical exercises based on sagittal plane kinematic and kinetic parameters. Seven patients with patellar tendinopathy and seven healthy individuals performed 24 exercises. Peak patellar tendon forces were calculated through advanced musculoskeletal modelling. Four relevant exercise categories were identified: (1) squats / lunges / step downs, (2) jumping / hopping push-off, (3) jumping / hopping landing and (4) jumping / hopping plyometric. The adjusted R2 values of the regression analyses from kinematic data alone varied between 0.177 and 0.601 …

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No Differences Between Males And Females In The Neural Control Of Explosive Contractions, Anna Grootenhuis, Fiona Hiereth, Jakob Škarabot, Marius Oßwald, Alessandro Del Vecchio, Markus Gruber, Luca Ruggiero Dr. Nov 2025

No Differences Between Males And Females In The Neural Control Of Explosive Contractions, Anna Grootenhuis, Fiona Hiereth, Jakob Škarabot, Marius Oßwald, Alessandro Del Vecchio, Markus Gruber, Luca Ruggiero Dr.

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Males and females exhibit comparable explosive relative to maximal strength. Given the greater proportion of type I fibres area in female muscles, motor units discharge rate (MUDR) in explosive efforts may be higher to compensate for slower contractile properties. To verify this, 22 females and 12 males (20-34 y), performed 10 rapid isometric ankle dorsiflexors, while recording high-density electromyography from tibialis anterior. Relative rate of torque development (RTD) measures (normalised to maximal torque) in the first 150 ms from contraction onset were not different (P > 0.07) between sexes, nor MUDR at the beginning of the explosive efforts (61 ± …

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Estimation Of Biomechanical Parameters During Squat, Walking And Jumping Using Imus, Gilmar Fernandes Dos Santos, Christof Hurschler, Eike Jakubowitz Nov 2025

Estimation Of Biomechanical Parameters During Squat, Walking And Jumping Using Imus, Gilmar Fernandes Dos Santos, Christof Hurschler, Eike Jakubowitz

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to analyze the agreement between the estimation of knee sagittal moment, knee sagittal velocity, knee power and vertical ground reaction force (GRF) using inertial measuring unit (IMU) against well-established motion capture analysis during unweighted squat, walking at self-selected speed, and vertical countermovement jump (CMJ). Eleven healthy participants equipped with retroreflective markers were measured using an optical motion capture system and force platforms. A neural network was created to estimate knee velocity and kinetics, and vertical GRF, using data of 2 IMUs and knee angle as input. The estimations were accurate, with nRMSE values less …

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Characterization Of Shoulder Moments And Force Application In Static And Dynamic Campus Exercises, Juliana Exel Phd, Judith Satzinger, Willi Koller, Arnold Baca, Hans Kainz Nov 2025

Characterization Of Shoulder Moments And Force Application In Static And Dynamic Campus Exercises, Juliana Exel Phd, Judith Satzinger, Willi Koller, Arnold Baca, Hans Kainz

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to characterize shoulder joint moments and force application patterns in static and dynamic campus exercises. Campus exercises are upper-body plyometric movements performed on a ladder-like training board, where climbers ascend using only their arms, without foot support. Twenty advanced/elite climbers performed five trials of each exercise on an instrumented two-rung campus board. Shoulder joint moments on the 3 planes of motion and vertical forces for each limb were computed across the exercise cycles and time series were compared. Results showed that dynamic campus exercises elicited higher shoulder joint moments in the sagittal and frontal planes, particularly during …

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Validating A Markerless Motion Capture Application In Simultaed Snowboarding, Stuart Evans Dr, Christian Merz, Felix Friedl Nov 2025

Validating A Markerless Motion Capture Application In Simultaed Snowboarding, Stuart Evans Dr, Christian Merz, Felix Friedl

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of the present pilot study was to validate the timing and position accuracy of the centre of mass (COM) during a replicative snowboarding training session using a previously validated motion capture system (Simi Motion®) and a mobile markerless monocular motion capture application (SPLYZA Motion). The positional timing of the two-dimensional (2D) COM motion between the two systems were validated in an indoor laboratory condition as two elite snowboarders performed three individual movements, namely a static (isometric) pose as a proxy method for ground truth validation followed by a vertical jump and a single rotation. The position of the …

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Centre Of Mass Acceleration In Freestyle Halfpipe Snowboarding Performed On A Trampoline Using 3d Mobile Motion Capture, Stuart Evans Dr, Christian Merz, Felix Friedl Nov 2025

Centre Of Mass Acceleration In Freestyle Halfpipe Snowboarding Performed On A Trampoline Using 3d Mobile Motion Capture, Stuart Evans Dr, Christian Merz, Felix Friedl

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this preliminary study was to establish if magnitudes of centre of mass (COM) acceleration captured using 3D mobile markerless motion capture (MMC) technology would elicit comparable data to a standard 3D Motion Capture (MOCAP) system in freestyle halfpipe snowboarding. Raw data pertaining COM acceleration was verified in a laboratory condition as two international-level athletes performed a simulated freestyle halfpipe on a trampoline. Raw COM acceleration data from the mobile application was reported in the local reference frame and showed high correlation MOCAP (τ =0.74, f = 20.21) with small effects (η² = 0.17) with no significance difference …

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Machine Learning And Deep Learning Applications In Sports Biomechanical Analysis: A Systematic Scoping Review Of Performance Enhancement And Injury Prevention Strategies, Wissem Dhahbi, Nidhal Jebabli, Manar Boujabli, Marouen Souaifi, Ismail Dergaa, Lamia Ben Ezzdine Nov 2025

Machine Learning And Deep Learning Applications In Sports Biomechanical Analysis: A Systematic Scoping Review Of Performance Enhancement And Injury Prevention Strategies, Wissem Dhahbi, Nidhal Jebabli, Manar Boujabli, Marouen Souaifi, Ismail Dergaa, Lamia Ben Ezzdine

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Aim: This scoping review systematically maps current trends in artificial intelligence applications for sports biomechanical analysis, examining performance enhancement and injury prevention utility, methodological approaches, implementation challenges, and ethical considerations. Methods: A comprehensive analysis synthesized evidence on AI methodologies applied to sports biomechanics across various contexts, including machine learning, neural networks, and deep learning approaches integrated with learning management systems. This review examined data collection modes, analytical approaches, and practical implementation in laboratory and field settings. Results: AI applications evolved from basic statistical modeling to sophisticated machine learning configurations, demonstrating superior performance in technique analysis (94% agreement with international judges), …

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Acl Injury-Related Kinematic Assessment: A Preliminary Study To Compare Marker-Based, Wearable, And Markerless Systems, Claudia Brunetti, Filippo Bertozzi, Pietro Maver, Marco Palombi, Matilde Santini, Manuela Galli, Marco Tarabini Nov 2025

Acl Injury-Related Kinematic Assessment: A Preliminary Study To Compare Marker-Based, Wearable, And Markerless Systems, Claudia Brunetti, Filippo Bertozzi, Pietro Maver, Marco Palombi, Matilde Santini, Manuela Galli, Marco Tarabini

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries often occur in non-contact situations, highlighting the need for effective risk assessment tools. This study compared kinematic outcomes of IMUs (Xsens), markerless (OpenCap) and an optoelectronic system (OMS) – considered the gold standard - in drop jumps with change of direction. Knee and hip sagittal and frontal plane kinematics were recorded concurrently with all three systems in a total of 260 trials. Xsens showed high validity for knee flexion (R2=0.81, RMSE2=0.00), limiting its use in ACL injury prevention research. OpenCap had weaker agreement with OMS (i.e., for knee flexion R2=0.76, RMSE=7.6°) …

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Towards Ai-Based At-Home Phsiotherapy For The Elderly: Comparing Movenet With Vitpose In Human Pose Estimation, Dominik Batić, Srinivas Kachavarapu, Fayçal Nait Irahal, Dagmar Meyer, Carsten Meyer Nov 2025

Towards Ai-Based At-Home Phsiotherapy For The Elderly: Comparing Movenet With Vitpose In Human Pose Estimation, Dominik Batić, Srinivas Kachavarapu, Fayçal Nait Irahal, Dagmar Meyer, Carsten Meyer

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The current tendency to shorten hospital stays requires patients to do rehabilitation exercises independently at home after knee and hip replacement surgeries. To help address the lack of supervision, we are developing a digital system that uses Human Pose Estimation (HPE) to analyse patient motion and provide feedback. In this work, we focus on two system aspects: (1) A tablet-based mobile application with an elderly-friendly interface and (2) a quantitative comparison of a widely used real-time HPE algorithm (MoveNet) with one of the top performers on the COCO benchmark (ViTPose). We provide experimental results for two-dimensional (2D) HPE on public …

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A Novel Pathway To Characterise Footballs For Finite Element Analysis, Megan J. Barnes-Wood, Henrique Ramos, Rafael Santiago, Peter Theobald Nov 2025

A Novel Pathway To Characterise Footballs For Finite Element Analysis, Megan J. Barnes-Wood, Henrique Ramos, Rafael Santiago, Peter Theobald

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study developed a method to characterise materials used in football manufacture for finite element analysis. Quasi-static (0.1/s) and dynamic (10/s and 100/s) uniaxial testing on a FIFA Quality Programme approved football generated hyperelastic material coefficients. Dynamic mechanical analysis was utilised to create Prony series coefficients to inform the viscoelastic behaviour. The model was validated by comparing finite element simulations with experimental data, focusing on dynamic properties including coefficient of restitution, maximum deformation, and contact time. Results indicated a strong correlation, with RMSE between 0.0051 and 10.4310, particularly at 0.8 bar pressure, demonstrating the model’s efficacy for high-strain impacts. This …

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Investigation Of Supervised Machine Learning For Imu-Based Swimming Activity Recognition, Saeed Aram, Isobel M. Thompson, Dominic A. Hudson, Joseph Banks Nov 2025

Investigation Of Supervised Machine Learning For Imu-Based Swimming Activity Recognition, Saeed Aram, Isobel M. Thompson, Dominic A. Hudson, Joseph Banks

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study investigates how IMU sensor data types, feature extraction, window sizes, and supervised machine learning models affect swimming activity recognition accuracy. Using a single IMU on lower back, the system classified strokes, turns, and starts under realistic conditions. Three classifiers of Support Vector Machine (SVM), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA) were evaluated. Five types of statistical feature sets were extracted from window sizes ranging from 1 to 6 seconds with 0.01 second sliding step. The best classifier is SVM, achieving overall accuracy of 0.97 with high accuracy for surface swimming stroke. However, shorter windows had …

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The Effect Of The Eyes-Closed Condition On Muscle Activation, Ground Reaction Force, And 3d Kinematics In Countermovement Jumps, Nada Juma Aldous, Paul Grimshaw Nov 2025

The Effect Of The Eyes-Closed Condition On Muscle Activation, Ground Reaction Force, And 3d Kinematics In Countermovement Jumps, Nada Juma Aldous, Paul Grimshaw

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study investigates the effects of the eyes-closed condition on lower limb muscle activation, ground reaction force, and three-dimensional kinematics during repeated countermovement jumps in healthy young male adults. Data were collected in a controlled laboratory setting using a force platform, 3D motion capture, and wireless electromyography. The results offer insight into the interplay between sensory re-weighting and motor control under altered visual conditions. While key performance parameters remain largely consistent between eyes-open and eyes-closed trials, subtle differences in joint kinematics suggest compensatory adaptations may occur. These findings contribute to a better understanding of sensory integration in dynamic motor tasks …

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Advanced Nanocomposite Materials For Protective Fencing Suits: Enhancing Biomechanical Performance And Sustainability, Ala Husam Subhi Alardah, Mennatalla Sheikhmohamed Saifeldin Kuna, Marwa Al-Ani, Dr. Mostafa Hussein Ramadan Sliem, Dr. Noora Al-Qahtani Nov 2025

Advanced Nanocomposite Materials For Protective Fencing Suits: Enhancing Biomechanical Performance And Sustainability, Ala Husam Subhi Alardah, Mennatalla Sheikhmohamed Saifeldin Kuna, Marwa Al-Ani, Dr. Mostafa Hussein Ramadan Sliem, Dr. Noora Al-Qahtani

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Fencing requires proper protective attire that ensures safety and allows for unrestricted movement by balancing flexibility, durability, and puncture resistance. This study investigates the potential of electrospun nanofiber composites, composed of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and enhanced with reduced graphene oxide (rGO), as a sustainable alternative to traditional fencing suit materials. Characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and dielectric spectroscopy confirmed the uniform incorporation of rGO within the porous nanofiber structure, which enhances the distribution of mechanical loads and energy absorption. The dielectric characteristics of the composite suggest its suitability for applications in adaptive stiffness …

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Almubarez: A Fusion Of Digital Innovation For Fencing Training, Marwa Al-Ani, Abdulnaser Rabie, Amna A. Osman, Prof.Uvais Qidwai, Dr. Noora Al-Qahtani Nov 2025

Almubarez: A Fusion Of Digital Innovation For Fencing Training, Marwa Al-Ani, Abdulnaser Rabie, Amna A. Osman, Prof.Uvais Qidwai, Dr. Noora Al-Qahtani

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Fencing requires agility, accuracy, and strategy, yet current training technologies lack flexibility, detailed analytics, and accessibility. This research introduces Al Mubarez, an AI-powered fencing training robot integrating motion-sensing fabric, Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and real-time performance analysis to provide personalized training. The system incorporates mechanical, electronic, and sensory components, including an aluminium framework, motorized actuation systems, and capacitive touch sensors, while software development focuses on motion control, reaction time evaluation, and AI-driven data visualization. AI models process tactile sensors and motion-tracking data in real time to improve adaptability. The initial phase established a stable mechanical structure and controlled movement …

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Isbs 2025 Conference Proceedings, Rony Ibrahim, Paul Grimshaw, Lina Majed, Philip Graham-Smith Nov 2025

Isbs 2025 Conference Proceedings, Rony Ibrahim, Paul Grimshaw, Lina Majed, Philip Graham-Smith

ISBS Proceedings Archive

These are the proceedings of the 43rd Conference of the International Society of Biomechanics in Sport

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Scientific Characterization Of Historic Mortars Dating From The 15th-Century Of A Historical Building In Algeria: A Case Study, M. E. Belgacem, N. Rabahi-Touloum, R. Neves, Y. Ouldkhaoua Nov 2025

Scientific Characterization Of Historic Mortars Dating From The 15th-Century Of A Historical Building In Algeria: A Case Study, M. E. Belgacem, N. Rabahi-Touloum, R. Neves, Y. Ouldkhaoua

Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies

This research investigates the historic mortars (Aggregate/Binder (A/B) ratio) of a historical patrimony building, dating from the 15th century, in Algeria, for restoration purposes. It is well known that thorough characterization is essential for successful restoration. To this end, several techniques, including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), optical microscope were used to characterize the historic mortars. A mechanical test was used to characterize the compressive strength of a historic mortar. For a comprehensive characterization, A/B ratios were estimated using both Digital Image Analyses (DIA) and chemical analyses. The results obtained provided clear information on …

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Encapsulation Of Corrosion Inhibitors: Methods, Preparation, And Emerging Applications, Mahdi M. Hanoon, Baha. S. Mahdi Nov 2025

Encapsulation Of Corrosion Inhibitors: Methods, Preparation, And Emerging Applications, Mahdi M. Hanoon, Baha. S. Mahdi

AUIQ Technical Engineering Science

Corrosion remains a critical global challenge, imposing substantial economic, safety, and environmental burdens across infrastructure, transportation, marine, and energy sectors. Traditional corrosion inhibitors, while effective, suffer from rapid depletion, uncontrolled release, environmental risks, and limited long-term stability. Encapsulation of corrosion inhibitors has emerged as a transformative strategy, enabling controlled and stimuli-responsive release, improved stability, and self-healing capabilities. This mini review provides a comprehensive overview of encapsulation technologies, including polymeric microcapsules, inorganic carriers, hybrid systems, and advanced nanoengineering approaches. Preparation methods, ranging from physical and chemical routes to emerging microfluidic and electrospinning techniques, are critically examined. Furthermore, the article highlights state-of-the-art …

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