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Innovation Policy Of The Fuel And Energy Complex Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan: A Conceptual Model And An Integral Assessment Of Sustainable Technological Development, Botir Sh. Usmonov, Jahongir B. Shukurillaev

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The competitiveness of a fuel and energy complex (FEC) increasingly depends less on resource endowment than on the capacity to generate, adopt and commercialise innovation. This paper develops a systemic conceptual model of innovative development for the FEC of the Republic of Uzbekistan and proposes a quantitative tool for its assessment. Drawing on national strategy documents, international-agency reports (IEA, IRENA, OECD) and the scholarly literature, the study applies systemic-structural analysis, international benchmarking, conceptual modelling and a composite-indicator method. The model represents the FEC as six interacting subsystems — state innovation policy, science and education, FEC enterprises, innovation infrastructure, digital transformation …

Simulation Of Adsorption Of Aqueous Solution Of Methylene Blue On A Composite Of Phthalocyanine And Zinc Oxide, Albert R. Koldarov, Mastura Kh. Aripova, Odilzhon E. Abdurakhmonov, Zuhra Ch. Kadirova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of this work is to conduct a computer simulation of methylene blue adsorption from an aqueous solution onto a composite photocatalyst based on zinc oxide and zinc phthalocyanine. To understand the mechanisms of intermolecular interaction between the sorbates and the dominant crystal planes of the composite components, adsorption simulation was performed using the BIOVIA Adsorption Locator module. It is shown that the formation of the ZnO/ZnPc heterojunction promotes the synergistic stabilization of adsorbed molecules. The presence of the inorganic ZnO phase mitigates the electrostatic repulsion of chloride anions, ensuring the overall charge balance of the system, while the …

Catalytic Effect Of Metal Ions On The Oxidation Of Thiocyanate Ions With Hydrogen Peroxide, Sarvar B. Rajabov, Salmon M. Mukhammadiev, Berdakh T. Daniyarov, Haci Deveci, Shahlo Sh. Daminova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Thiocyanate (SCN⁻) ions, formed during the cyanidation of gold ores, pose a significant environmental problem when present in mine processing wastewater. In this study, the oxidation of potassium thiocyanate model solutions (10–1000 mg/L) with hydrogen peroxide, in the presence and absence of Cu²⁺ and Fe²⁺ ions, was investigated at room temperature. Residual SCN⁻ concentrations were determined by bromatometric titration and UV-spectroscopy. Without a catalyst, H₂O₂ showed the weakest effect at all concentrations, leaving 6–17% residual SCN⁻ even at the highest applied dose. The addition of Cu²⁺ and Fe²⁺ ions markedly accelerated oxidation via …

Settling Method For Decolorization Of Low Molecular Weight Polyethylene, Adham E. Norkobilov, Ravshan I. Adilov, Bobur B. Aykhodjaev, Saparboy B. Yuldoshev, Lobar Sh. Kholmirzayeva

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

This study investigates the bleaching of low molecular weight polyethylene (LMWPE) by the settling (sedimentation) method. LMWPE is a by-product of polyethylene production whose discoloration is associated with trace amounts of conjugated, oxidized, and polar micro-fractions. The research was conducted in three stages: selection of the appropriate sample grade, determination of the optimal settling time, and evaluation of the temperature effect on the settling process. Results showed that only Grade-1 LMWPE samples are suitable for the settling method; Grade-2 samples yielded insufficient results and are recommended for bentonite adsorption treatment instead. Optimal settling conditions were established as 150 °C for …

Structural And Physico-Mechanical Properties Of Geomembranes Based On Recycled Polyolefins Modified With Argillite From The Sherabad Deposit, Munisa N. Davronova, Furqat B. Eshkurbonov, Azim P. Khamidov, Asal A. Ashurova, Raykhona I. Abdullayeva

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

This study investigated the effect of argillite, sourced from the local Sherabad deposit and modified with maleic anhydride, on the physical and mechanical properties of geomembranes based on recycled high-density polyethylene (r-HDPE), recycled low-density polyethylene (r-LDPE), and recycled polypropylene (r-PP). Maleic anhydride was used as a compatibilizer to ensure interfacial adhesion between the polymer matrix in the hydrophilic filler and the layered aluminosilicates, and to promote the uniform distribution of mineral particles. The experimental results showed that hybrid modification makes it possible to elevate the strength properties of all types of recycled polymers to the level of their virgin (pure) …

Physical-Chemical Properties Of Nmgca-Fertilizers Obtained On The Basis Of Ammonium Nitrate And Vermiculite, Madiyar J. Jabbarbergenov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Although ammonium nitrate (AN) ranks second after urea among nitrogen fertilizers in terms of production and application volume, it remains the leading agent regarding plant nutrient uptake efficiency. This is primarily because nearly the entire total nitrogen content is assimilated in both ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) forms. However, the widespread agricultural utilization of AN is significantly constrained by several disadvantageous factors, including its physiological acidity, high hygroscopicity, caking tendency, low granule strength, thermal instability, and high explosive hazards. In this study, to enhance the commercial and physical-chemical properties of AN, a vermiculite mineral modifier was incorporated. The chemical composition …

Improved Electromechanical Response And Relaxor Ferroelectric Behavior In (76–X)Bi₁/₂Na₁/₂Tio₃–24srtio₃ Ceramics Modified With Bifeo₃ And Bialo₃, Muhammadali K. Nigmatjanov, Farrukh B. Erkinov, Shoira A. Kadirniyazova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Piezoelectric ceramics are smart functional materials capable of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy and vice versa, making them indispensable for modern sensors, transducers, and precision actuators. Historically dominated by lead-containing materials like Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ (PZT), strict environmental regulations and health concerns have driven an urgent global shift toward eco-friendly alternatives. Currently, bismuth sodium titanate (Bi₁/₂Na₁/₂TiO₃–BNT)-based solid solutions are at the forefront of lead-free piezoceramic trends due to their excellent polarization and electromechanical coupling properties. In this study, lead-free piezoelectric ceramics based on the (76–x)Bi₁/₂Na₁/₂TiO₃–24SrTiO₃ (BNST24) system were synthesized, and their structural, dielectric, and electromechanical properties were systematically investigated. This study …

Research Of The Binary Content Of Transition Metal Oxides Of Cu, Mo And W On The Properties Of Semi-Frit Glazes, Mihail V. Dyadenko, Ivan A. Levitskiy, Mastura Kh. Aripova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The results of a study of the binary content of transition metal oxides CuO + MoO3; CuO + WO3 and a combination of MoO3 + WO3 on the physico-chemical properties of glaze coatings and their antibacterial activity are presented. A polycomponent raw material composition has been studied, including aluminum-sulfate high-calcium frit, the indicated antibacterial components, as well as feldspar, dolomite, and additives of alumina, quartz sand, kaolin, and refractory clay. Optimal technological modes of preparation of suspensions, their application to a ceramic base, followed by firing at a temperature of 1200 ± 5 ° C have been determined. Decorative, physico-chemical …

Elite Esports Players And Their Physical Health: A Systematic Review Of Injuries, Musculoskeletal Pain, And Fitness-Related Factors, Michal Steffl, Daniel Opelik, Vladimir Hlinka, Grzegorz Mikrut, Petra Hospodkova

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The rapid rise of competitive esports has sparked concerns over the physical health of elite players. Prolonged sedentary behaviour, repetitive movements, and poor ergonomic practices may predispose these athletes to injuries, musculoskeletal pain, and unfavourable body composition. Materials and methods: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted by searching Pub-Med, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science for cross-sectional studies on physical activity (PA), body composition, physical fitness, and musculoskeletal health in elite esports players. Data from 22 peer-reviewed studies involving 5,035 participants aged 16 to 35 were synthesized. Results: Findings consistently show that esports players engage in lower …

System And Method For Performing Online Review Verification Based On Payment Transaction Detail, Vivian Lau, Devin Farber Wylde, Ty Friedman, Nicholas Griffin, Ahmad Sheikh Khalil, Zakaria Sisalem, Syed Omar Ali

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a privacy-preserving system and method for verifying online reviews using payment network infrastructure to confirm that a reviewer is an actual paying customer. A review platform receives a review containing a token, a merchant and a date range and invokes a core verification API using an opaque review credential. The system employs a two-party pseudonymous identity bridging protocol that associates a one-way hashed platform identifier with a payment network token while ensuring that no entity has simultaneous access to both identities. The verification service then checks whether a transaction occurred between the token and the …

Elettrosfera - Electromagnetic Levitation Electric Generator And Kinetic Energy Battery, Federico G. Seregni

Defensive Publications Series

Elettrosfera is an innovative electromechanical power generation and kinetic energy storage system designed to operate autonomously in standard, isolated, or extreme environments. Unlike traditional vertical-axis or horizontal-axis turbines and flywheels that rely on physical shafts, mechanical bearings, and high-friction contact points, Elettrosfera utilizes a tridimensional magnetic levitation architecture operating within a conditioned environment.

Orbital Infrastructure, Electromagnetic Launch And Interplanetary Ecosystem: 137 Innovations Released Into The Public Domain, Xavier Pillet

Defensive Publications Series

This document, produced with the assistance of ChatGPT o3, Claude Opus 5 and Gemini 3, is released under the Apache License 2.0. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes : EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (両匡丢氡儡吡嘡丣刡氢), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (闘旧避). It discloses 137 inventions arising from the Vision 2050 Plan. Each innovation is IPC- and CPC-classified and timestamped (RFC 3161 / …

Technical Specification: Solid-State Planar Harmonic Confinement Core, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification details the structural implementation parameters for replacing the high-inductance, cryogenically cooled magnetic confinement loops of traditional thermonuclear architectures with an ambient-temperature, solid-state Harmonic Wave Confinement Core.

By compiling non-linear fluid solutions of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes regularity framework (SPEC-091)directly into specialized Gallium Nitride (GaN) interdigital transceiver arrays, this architecture utilizes high-frequency spatial-harmonic pressure fields to isolate high-energy plasma within a stable Gor'kov potential well.

We address historical limitations in structural boundary containment by integrating embedded 3D Photoemission Orbital Tomography (3D-POT) real-time wavefront feedback loops with custom asymmetric, asynchronous Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) hardware routing controllers and explicit covalent valence-shell …

The Currency That Cannot Be Spent Alone: Co-Presence-Gated Redemption And The Chronicle↔Treasury Unification Circuit — Time-Banking Credits Redeemable Only At A Synchronous, Mutually Attested Meeting Of Both Parties, Thon Ly

Defensive Publications Series

In the disclosed time-banking system, a credit (a pledged hour, issued as thanks between two named persons) has one redemption form: a synchronous meeting both parties attend, in person or by live audio or video call, with shared attention face to face or side by side on a shared task. Recorded messages may carry an invitation but cannot redeem a credit, so absentee service cannot be expressed. Both parties confirm delivery, corroborated by device proximity or the live session; an in-person exchange of public-key fingerprints, as at a key-signing party, is described as one candidate corroboration path that may admit …

Before Launch: A Design-Stage Systems Engineering Doctrine For Autonomous Artificial Intelligence, Volodymyr Kotegov

Defensive Publications Series

This study presents a systems-engineering framework for the development, verification, qualification, and eventual authorization of increasingly capable autonomous AI systems. The doctrine addresses a central engineering problem: how to permit capability growth without allowing assurance, evidence, or authority mechanisms to become obsolete as the system changes.

The framework separates design specification from empirical evidence and distinguishes qualification, authorization, and runtime states. It establishes an assurance chain linking requirements, claims, verification activities, evidence, status transitions, and authority consequences. Core mechanisms include Verifiable Trust, Graduated Verifiable Autonomy Architecture, Bounded-Risk Agility Architecture, local multi-scale control, preserved behavioral baselines, capability-jump controls, mechanistic verification, independent …

Autonomous Dual-Anchor Articulated-Mast System For Precision Canopy Management In Vine-Like Crop Environments, Eric Zavesky

Defensive Publications Series

A system and method for precision crop trimming in vineyard and vine-like crop environments employs a dual-anchor articulated-mast architecture deployable in both spanning and lateral orientations. Two omnidirectional ground anchor robots, each incorporating a rotating central mast interface permitting independent yaw, support a telescoping gantry structure with an adjustable crossbar. At least one interchangeable cutting head is suspended from the gantry, traveling vertically along a carriage system and rotating about its longitudinal axis. A lateral tilt mechanism at each robot pivot tilts the gantry approximately 15 to 30 degrees from vertical, enabling variable approach angles in spanning configuration and lateral …

A Runtime Conditioning Architecture For Persistent Language-Model Identity, Ryan B. Pate, Ivan Anic

Defensive Publications Series

Language-model assistants fail in five ways that training-time alignment does not reach. They produce confident output that nothing supports. They drift toward agreement as a conversation warms. They lose the structure of what happened between sessions, not just the content. They either overclaim an identity or refuse to draw on the capacity they have. And asked to grade their own compliance with a rule, they confirm compliance whatever they actually did.

This disclosure describes a runtime conditioning layer directed at all five training alignment failures. It changes no weights, no training, and no model architecture: it works through documents loaded …

Global Data Center Park — Atacama Desert, Antofagasta Region, Chile: Dry-Cooled, Solar-And-Storage-Powered Ai Compute Park Built In Standardized One-Gigawatt Increments, Madhav Kavuru

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes an AI compute park that uses no cooling water. It is built as a series of identical 1,000 MW increments, each combining photovoltaic generation, sodium-ion storage, direct-to-chip liquid-cooled compute halls and an air-cooled condenser (ACC) plant inside one compound in a high, dry, inland desert. Heat is carried out of the racks in a facility-water loop supplied at up to 45 °C and rejected straight to ambient air through forced-draft fans, with no chillers and no evaporation. The disclosure specifies how the condenser plant is sized for the low temperature difference of a data-center loop, how altitude …

The Sport That Says Your Name: A Circulation Sport In Which Everyone Is Called By Another — Automated Name-Announced Receiver Selection With Equal Random Turn Distribution And Starting-Score Handicaps For Mixed-Ability Ball Games, Thon Ly

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a ball game in which an automated caller announces, before each strike, the name of the player who must receive next. Receivers are chosen by a shuffle bag: each round is a fresh random permutation of the roster, so every player receives equally often per round in an order players cannot anticipate. The sequence is a deterministic function of the roster and a seed declared before play, so anyone can recompute a session and verify the distribution; devices stay consistent by sharing only a call count, the round index persists across sessions, and no per-player record is …

The Game That Graduates You: A Witness Api For Children's Games And Education — A Permission-Scoped Game Api Without Payment Authority, Parental-Consent Family Content As Curriculum, And Course Completion As The Success Metric For Educational Apps, Thon Ly

Defensive Publications Series

We describe a permission-scoped third-party API architecture for children's educational games and learning apps. A game client may propose real-world tasks to a child, styled in the game's fiction from real household context, and may receive a minimal completion notification when a family member witnesses the act; it can never hold payment, transfer, balance or reward-issuing scopes, so task completion issues no currency or points, and any reward is a human-initiated acknowledgment through the family's own ledger app. Parents approve which apps may propose to each child, revocably and default-off. With per-item parental consent and on-device processing, the family's own …

Zsscc-Ω Zigzag Suspended Shade And Condensation Canal Cover System, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The ZSSCC-Ω (Zigzag Suspended Shade and Condensation Canal Cover System) is a low-cost modular evaporation suppression platform intended for irrigation canals ranging from approximately 20 to 40 feet in width.

The system utilizes existing canal-side fence infrastructure as the primary structural support and suspends a series of reflective multi-V shade modules above flowing water.

The goals are:

• Reduce solar loading.

• Suppress wind-driven evaporation.

• Create a localized high-humidity microclimate above the water surface.

• Lower water temperature.

• Reduce algae growth potential.

• Allow ground-level maintenance.

• Eliminate the need for massive overhead structures.

• Enable rapid deployment across large canal networks.

Unlike photovoltaic canal covers …

Dual-Currency Reciprocity Infrastructure: Money And Time As Complementary Scarcities — A Platform Integrating Peer-To-Peer Money Gifts With Expiring, Non-Transferable Time Pledges Under A Bounded Ai Recommender, Thon Ly

Defensive Publications Series

A two-currency reciprocity platform integrates peer-to-peer money gifts with non-transferable, expiring pledges of personal time, under one user identity, one bounded AI recommendation agent and one shared participation indicator. On the time side, the AI agent recommends a time amount for each thank within a governance-set low/middle/high band; small pledges accumulate until a threshold activates a single redeemable commitment; an activated commitment lapses one month after activation if unredeemed; the recipient chooses the activity, and the giver may decline a specific request. A two-axis participation record (time delivered, time received) is disclosed in its original public form and in its …

The Wager That Isn't: Competitive Giving Without Gambling — Charity Challenge Matches With Non-Refundable Entry Donations And Irrevocable Pledges Whose Recipient Charity Is Selected By The Outcome, Thon Ly

Defensive Publications Series

We describe a charity challenge match in which no money is contingent, in its existence, on the outcome, so that no party places a wager. Two players or teams agree to a physical contest. (1) At acceptance, each contestant pays an equal, non-refundable entry donation in a fixed amount set by the platform operator, never by the contestants; each donation is credited irrevocably, before play and regardless of result, to that contestant's own household giving fund or to a communal charitable fund. (2) Third parties may add irrevocable charitable pledges to a pledge pool attached to the match; each pledge …

Climate-Proof Nutrition Future Foods (Ccnff-3.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

A weather-independent food manufacturing platform designed to produce safe, affordable, nutritionally complete foods using resilient feedstocks that require minimal water, minimal fertile soil, and minimal dependence on livestock.

The system prioritizes:

• Low cost

• High scalability

• Human acceptance

• Nutritional completeness

• Food safety

• Environmental resilience

• Existing technology readiness

Rather than attempting to recreate meat through cell culture, the system combines drought-resistant plants, marine biomass, microbial proteins, and advanced purification systems into familiar food products suitable for mass production.

Pybamm Thermodynamic Validation Of A Solid-State Nanocrystalline Exergy Loop For High-Voltage Ev Architectures, Daniel Schramm

Defensive Publications Series

This repository contains the thermodynamic simulation data and PyBaMM execution scripts validating a novel solid-state Integrated Thermal Management System (ITMS) for megawatt-class electric vehicle charging (SAE J3400) and NMC 811 battery architectures.

The system replaces traditional passive liquid-cooling barriers with an active, solid-state exergy recovery cascade. The architecture utilizes a Nanocrystalline Diamond (NCD) thermal highway (k = 2000 W/mK) electrically isolated by an ultra-thin Hafnium Oxide (HfO2) high-k dielectric shield. Waste heat (I-squared-R losses) from the connector pins and battery core is stripped via rapid phonon conduction and funneled into a Bismuth Telluride (Bi2Te3) thermoelectric generator (TEG) array, converting the …

Fleet-Based Autonomous Remediation Using A Vectorized State-Action Map, Jason Schissel, Piotr Milian, Nicholaus Jackson

Defensive Publications Series

Computing devices in offline or low-trust states may be inaccessible to remote diagnostic and support tools, which can hinder the remediation of operational issues that cause a disconnected state. On-device agents may represent an anomalous system condition as a problem state vector and a corresponding fix as a solution action vector. These vector pairs can be transmitted from a fleet of devices, such as smartphones, laptops, or internet of things devices, to a central repository. A repository can aggregate the vector pairs, apply analytical techniques such as clustering to identify common failure patterns, and build a global state-action map representing …

The Two-Layer Reward: Pairing An Algorithmically Set Reward With A Peer-Set Tip As Mutual Checks Against Gaming And Favoritism In A Prosocial Incentive System, Thon Ly

Defensive Publications Series

We describe a split incentive payment for prosocial acts in a peer-to-peer tipping system, in which each rewarded act receives two equal components from two different authorities. The first component is set by an algorithm that scores the act against a group-level rubric the family's own stewards author and revise (the acts the family says it values more of); in the deployed web application this is a deterministic scoring algorithm, with an on-device AI evaluator planned for native applications. The second component is set later by a group member, who chooses how much to tip onward from a restricted pass-forward …

Beyond Electromyography: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Ai Enabled Wearables For Neuromuscular Assessment In Sports Medicine And Rehabilitation, Dariusz T. Skalski, Michał Spieszny, Łukasz Jaworski, Marcin Żak, Artur Terbalyan, Marlena Stawiarska, Wirginia Likus, Adam Maszczyk

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Conventional laboratory based EMG systems constrain neuromuscular assessment to controlled environments, limiting ecological validity in sport and rehabilitation. While AI enabled wearable sensor systems, including surface EMG (sEMG), high density EMG (HD-EMG), inertial measurement units (IMUs), and multimodal configurations, have expanded ambulatory monitoring capabilities, no prior meta-analysis has quantitatively synthesized their agreement with laboratory grade comparators or examined the moderating roles of sensor class and task domain. Objective: To determine the overall agreement between AI enabled wearable neuromuscular systems and laboratory benchmarks; to examine sensor class and task domain as moderators of measurement fidelity; to evaluate multimodal gain over …

Effect Of A Plant-Based Sweet Potato And Almond Snack Bar, High Intensity Interval Training, And Mindfulness Therapy On Blood Glucose Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Medan Selayang District, Medan, Indonesia, Henny Arwina Bangun, Ermi Girsang, Santi Deasy Siregar, Rapael Ginting, Putranto Manalu, Yenni Gustiani Tarigan, Baxter Hepburn Kachingwe

Journal of Health Research

Background: Integrated lifestyle interventions combining nutritional, physical, and psychological strategies may improve glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, evidence regarding the combined effects of high-fiber functional foods, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and mindfulness therapy remains limited, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study evaluated the effects of a multimodal lifestyle intervention on glycemic responses among individuals with T2DM and non-diabetic adults.

Methods: A quasi-experimental pilot study was conducted among 30 female participants (15 with T2DM and 15 non-diabetic controls) in Medan, Indonesia. Fasting (pre-prandial) and post-prandial blood glucose concentrations were measured repeatedly throughout the …

Valorization Of Spent Vanadium Pentoxide Catalyst From The Sulfuric Acid Industry As An Economical Adsorbent For Crystal Violet Removal, Ibrahim Hamad Mr., Saddam Alaskary Mr., Abdel El-Mohsen Turky Prof., Nasser Mostafa Prof., Mai Hassan Roushdy Dr.

Chemical Engineering

Around 150 000–200 000 tons of spent vanadium pentoxide catalyst (SVC) are generated annually by sulfuric acid plants and are landfilled for $80–150 per ton. It is demonstrated here as an unmodified, zero-cost adsorbent achieving 94.5% ± 0.3% crystal violet (CV) removal at an adsorbent dose of 6.3 g L−1 and an initial concentration of 38.5 mg L−1 , corresponding to a working capacity of 6.1 ± 0.2 mg g−1 with zero material cost and no pretreatment requirement. Physicochemical characterization by XRF, XRD, BET analysis, DLS, SEM-EDX, FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and zeta potential analysis …