Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Covid-19 On Global Research In Stem, Michelle Hoang, Santanu De

Biology Faculty Articles

A global public health emergency like the Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic requires accurate and timely data collection in the research community. High impact research in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) has been prioritized in the fight against COVID-19. The present study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on STEM research and the collaboration between global research institutions and industries. It was noted that COVID-19 had caused significant delays in non-COVID-19-related research projects and the onset of several remote studies. Most importantly, researchers in the STEM fields directed their attention and expertise to help mitigate virus transmission, treat patients, …

Case Study Of An Automated Mower To Support Airport Sustainability, Sarah Hubbard, Adam Baxmeyer, Bryan Hubbard

Aviation Technology Faculty and Staff Publications

This paper documents a case study of an automated mower to support sustainability at an airport. Mowing is an essential component of an airport’s Wildlife Hazard Management Plan (WHMP), which reduces the risk of birds and other wildlife to aircraft operations. Many airports have large areas of land (hundreds or even thousands of acres), which requires significant resources to manage and mow; experience at the Purdue Airport (KLAF) suggests that automated mowing may support economic and environmental aspects of sustainability. Automated mowing supports economic efficiency by reducing personnel requirements, although personnel are still needed for inspections, maintenance, and “mower rescue” …

Performance Characteristics Of A Slotted-Cage Solid Rotor Three-Phase Induction Motor With Constant-Voltage Source (Experimental Investigation)., A. Amin, M. El-Shammoty, S. El-Drieny

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The performance characteristics of a new form of a solid rotor, three-phase induction motor has been investigated. For this purpose, three differently slotted rotors were designed, and successively examined in the rotating field of a 36-statorslots. These rotors having noslot, 32-slot, and 40-slot. Comparing the performance of these rotors with and without cage winding, brought out clearly the influence of the various parameters that affect the performance of a slotted-cage induction motors. These parameters are the slot width, the slot depth, the slot numbers, and the saturation of the magnetic material. It is noticed that the performance characteristics for a …

Hardware Implementation Of Continuously Variable Slope Adaptive Delta Modulator., Fayez Zaki

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM) coding is economical method of digitally encoding speech signals. It is a one-bit differential coding scheme which compares the source signal x(t) to an approximate signal xˆ(t) which is then increased or increased by a predetermined step size. This step size is adapted in proportion to the recent average slew rate of the input signal. For a given average signal slope, there is an optimum step size which will result in the maximum signal-to-quantisation noise ratio (SNR) q , and it is desirable to adapt accordingly. In this paper, design and implementation of the continuously variable …

Quality Assessment Of Nonwoven Air Filters Used In Fertilizer Factories., S. Ibrahim, M. El-Messiery, Hemdan Abou-Taleb, M. Salama, N. Mostafa

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Two experimental techniques used to evaluate fabric filtration efficiency. Gas filtration apparatus and another apparatus used optical techniques based on laser doppler velocimeter are constructed. The filtration efficiency have been measured for a wide varity of non-woven filter fabrics. Excellent agreement has been found between the two techniques. The necessary performance characteristics of air filter fabrics could be selected and arranged carefully in decreasing order of importance. In this paper several methods are used to assess the quality of some nonwoven fabrics as air filters similar to those filters used in the fertilizer factory. Complex evaluation of quality methods have …

Dynamic Characteristics Of Industrial Robots, Using Segmented Trajectories., F. Areed

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Robotic systems represent one of the most advanced industrial applications. Such robotic systems have a severe oscillatory behavior, thus the conventional control techniques are not suitable to deal with it. In the present paper, the dynamic dynamic behavior of robotic systems is studied and a dynamic model for such systems is obtained. A suitable trajectory for each link is pre-determined. The technique introduced proposes a segmented trajectory rather than a continuous one. A comparative study between the behaviour of the system with the proposed technique and that proposed in [7] is introduced. The above mentioned algorithm assumed that the chosen …

Computer Control In Power Systems., E. Abd-Raboh, A. Ibrahim

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This paper is concerned with the new applications of on line/off line computers in modern power systems. In this paper, computer control from the power stations to the substation and transmission is extended. A new technique using a new topology description is developed. This technique has the facilities of describing topology connections, states, proparties as well as the optimal process of power stations. A program is constructed and used for performing the system interlocking. The Egyptian 500kv substation is checked by the proposed technique and its prospective program. The on-line interlocking is found to have less computation time than the …

Condensation Heat Transfer Considering Actual Film Surface., Mohamed Mahgoub

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This paper is concerned with the investigation of the effect of the nature of the surface of the condensate film on heat transfer during laminar film condensation. An idealized rippled nature of the film surface is proposed. Local heat transfer coefficients are calculated for film condensation on a vertical plate in laminarcase. Calculations are performed numerically. For the proposed rippled nature of the film surface, the average heat transfer coefficients are up to 20% higher than that obtained for smooth condensate surface.

Mathematical Model For Frost Formation On Plane Surface., Ahmed Ahmed Sultan

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Suggested model covers the necessity of calculating the effect of frost formation, on the evaporator wall in cooling storage rooms, on the heat transfer efficiency between refrigerant and wet air. In it obtained analytical relationships for temperature distribution in both wall material and frost layer, overall heat transfer coefficient and the time of frost layer formation as a function of frost layer thickness.

Stastical Analysis Of Some Loom Parameters Affecting Yarn Stops On Air Jet Loom., Mahmoud Salama

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In this work, the factorial design technique was used to investigate the influence of some loom parameter on the yarn stops during weaving on air jet loom. These parameter are the timing of harnesses crossing, machine speed and position of back beam. The statistical analysis showed that the warp and weft stops are signficantly affected by these parameters. The interaction between these parameter had a large influence on the yarn stops. The analysis of yarn stops was done on picanol and Tsudokoma air jet looms for comparison.

Analytic Solution Of Two-Dimensional Transient Heat Conduction., Bishri Abdel-Hamid, Mohamed Mahgoub

Mansoura Engineering Journal

No abstract provided.

An Adaptive Identification Algorithm For Electro-Mechanical Systems., Fayez Areed

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In the present paper a study on the sensitivity functions in electro-mechanical systems is introduced. This study takes into account the effect of parameters variation of the controlled plant. Also, the effect of the unmeasurable disturbance are studied. The possibility of identifying the unstationary parameters of an electro-mechanical system is viewed, using the suitable adaptive control law. A new algorithm for designing an adaptive observer is introduced. The designed observer insures the possibility of evaluating the transfer co-efficient of the controlled electro-mechanical plant, under the effect of unmeasurable disturbances on the load side. The suggested adaptive observer helps in stabilizing …

Analysis Of Transient Heat Conduction In A 2-D Rectangular Fin., Mohamed Mahgoub

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In this work a new developed dimensionless finite difference technique for 2-D transient heat conduction is developed and presented. The technique is then applied to predict the time development of temperature profiles in a convectively cooled rectangular fin. In addition, a corrected analytical form that reduces the 2-D problem to a 1-D one is developed. Results prove that the numerical technique is simple and fast, while the 1-D reduced analytical solution is valid only for early time, small Biot number, and thin fins.

Utilization Of Textile Wastes In Nonwovens - Part I: Properties Of Industrial Needle Punched Nonwovens Out Of Textile Wastes., Adel El-Hadidy

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The rag waste has been opened using "CGC" processes to be used in the production of nonwoven fabrics for various end uses. It is clear that as the fibre length decreases the compression characteristics will be improved. It was found that as the number of beater increases the quality number and (%) damage increased also. The survey of the methods of production of nonwoven out of textile waste is given. It was found that the coefficient of exploitation (K) for nonwovens out of textile waste ranges between 8% and 12%. The coefficient of variation of nonwoven fabric thickness which is …

Reconstructing The Changes In Sedimentation And Source Provenance In East African Hydropower Reservoirs: A Case Study Of Nyumba Ya Mungu In Tanzania, Aloyce I.M. Amasi, Maarten Wynants, Remegius A. Kawalla, Shovi Sawe, Linus Munishi, William H. Blake, Kelvin M. Mtei

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

This study aimed to reconstruct the sedimentation rates over time and identify the changing sources of sediment in a major hydropower reservoir in Tanzania, the Nyumba ya Mungu (NYM). Fallout 210Pb measurements were used to estimate age of sediment deposits and broad changes in sedimentation rates were reconstructed. Sedimentation peaks were cross referenced to geochemical profiles of allogenic and autogenic elemental constituents of the sediment column to confirm a causal link. Finally, geochemical fingerprinting of the sediment cores and potential sources were compared using a Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR) to attribute the dominant riverine and land use sources to the …

Real-Time Obscurant Quantification In Long-Wave Infrared Imaging, Bryan Andrew Underwood

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

LWIR imaging in military applications is often plagued by dust degraded visuals while deployed in the field. The vast majority of current dust enhancement systems correct degradation through the application of algorithms applied to an entire frame. This method of applying the algorithm to the entire frame makes the implementation simple but does have a few negatives. For example, global application of the algorithm inherently enhances clear sections of an image as well as the dust occluded regions. This often produces unwanted artifacts and could possibly result in false targeting. This thesis proposes to address those unwanted effects through a …

Power System Planning In Developing Countries - The Case Of Jordan., Hafez El-Zayyat, Zainel-Abideen Tahboub, Fawwaz El-Karmi

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This paper deals with power system planning in developing countries. Several features of power system planning in developing countries are presented. These show that the planning process varies with the degree of assimilation of technology by society in general, and by planners and decision makers in particular, as well as the degree of economic growth, sound economic management, adoption of appropriate policies and degree of social development. The problems encountered by power system planners in developing countries are discussed in the first part of the paper. The second part is allotted to a detailed description of the Jordanian case as …

On Line Algorithm For Line Overload Alleviation., K. Yassin, E. Abd-Raboh, E. Towfik

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This paper presents an algorithm to be used in an energy control center to alleviate transmission lines overloads, either by line switching or busbar splitting. The method is applied to the 220 kv network of northern Egypt power system. The results achived proves the efficiency of such algorithm. Moreover, a comparison is carried out between the proposed algorithm in this paper and the generation shift approach.

The Application Of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics Analysis To Bluntly Notched Round Bar Specimens., Mohamed Shabara

Mansoura Engineering Journal

A technique has been presented which allows the use of small notched round-bar specimens without fallgue pre-cracking for the determination of the plane strain fracture toughness of engineering materials. The technique is based on the linear elastic fracture mechanics analysis and the principle of stress concentration factors at the tip of the notch. The error inherent in the fracture toughness calculations, i.e. due to the absence of very sharp crack, can be corrected from an error correction factor which is a function of the normalized notch-tip radius, r/d. The technique has been applied to two metallic alloys (bronze and steel) …

Factors Affecting Drag Reduction By Non Ionic Surfactant Additives., M. Hamza, I. Saleh, S. Nasr

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Drag reduction by using certain polyoxyethylene alcohol non-ionic surfactants dissolved in water has been investigated experimentally. For these compounds it is proved that the mechanical degradation is reversible and the drag reduction is regained when shear stress is decreased. For solvent Reynolds number ranges from 103 to 2x105 in tubes of 6.17. 2.69 and 0.81mm, the effects of concentration electrolytes addition and mechanical shear on the drag reduction at/or near the could point temperature have been investigated experimentally. The drag reduction was found to be maximum at/or near the cloud point.

Drag Reduction In Pipelines By Cationic Surfactant Additives., M. Hamza, I. Saleh, S. Nasr

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This work is concerned with the drag reduction using cationic surfactants. (quaternary ammonium amine-sodium salicylate)dissolved in water. Drag reduction measurements were carried out in 6.17 and 2.69 mm diameter tubes, for Reynolds numbers from 101 to 106 and for temperature range of 30o to 120o C. The influence of surfactant composition. Temperature, mechanical shear, concentration and sodium salicylate concentration on the dragreduction were investigated. Trimethyl amine salts are most effective drag reducing agents. While alkyl dimethyl ammonium amine salts are not affective. Length of alkyl group has a major affect on the upper temperature limit for drag reduction. Appreciable amount …

Solution Of Parapolic Navier-Stokes Equations For Laminar Forced Convective Flow In Entrance Region Of A Flat Passage., Mohamed Wasel

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Due to dependence of forced convective heat transfer on the hydrodynamic flow field; any improvement on the analysis of this flow field is of great importance to understand the heat transfer process. In this work the flow field is described by the parabolic Navier-Stokes equations; which are solved by local non-similarity solution-method. According to this method; with suitable definition of the problem variables, a set of ordinary differential equations are produced. This set is solved, numerically, by Runge-Kutta method accompanied with shooting method of boundary value problems. The values of local Nusselt number and local coefficient of friction are calculated …

Influence Of The Cleaning Operation On The Quality Of The Yarn., Rizk El-Bealy, Mahmoud Talat

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The object of the present work is to study the influence of the progress of cleaning operation on cleaning action, neps per gram and yarn characteristics. The results of industrial evaluations, using three varieties of Egyptian cotton fibers, To produce ring-spun yarns ranged from carded to combed qualities, are presented. For all cotton fibers, comparison of the processing performance of a three cleaning units with Masterclean concept are favourable to the new cleaning unit (MAC). The modern set alone provides up to 64% cleaning efficiency and lower lint loss at 460 kg/hr production. Also, the results emphasize the high trash …

The Influence Of Herbivory On Macrophyte Community Structure And Nitrogen Retention In Created Wetlands, Evan Squier

Theses

Wetlands are frequently created to mitigate the loss of natural wetlands due to commercial expansion. However, wetland ecosystem function is determined by complex abiotic and biotic interactions that are not well understood in natural wetlands, and even less so in created wetlands. This lack of understanding may lead to shortcomings in meeting desired restoration outcomes. Key abiotic drivers in wetlands include hydrology and nutrient availability, while herbivory provides both direct and indirect controls on plant communities and biogeochemical cycling. I hypothesized that by decreasing emergent plant biomass and shifting plant community structure to favor submerged plants, large grazers such as …

Comparative Dna Degradation Automation For Identifinders, Jennifer Pfaff

Theses

The degradation of DNA in forensic genetic genealogy can hinder timely results in victim or perpetrator identification. Identification of an unidentified victim, a “Doe”, involves analyzing the degraded DNA against reference genomes. Organizations like the DNA Doe Project and Identifinders currently manually compares the genomes in a spreadsheet with data input slowing down the investigative process. I propose a program to automate the data input and comparison to increase the speed at which Identifinders can continue their research into identifying victims. Comparative DNA Degradation Automation (CDDA) automates the process of creating a simulated degraded DNA profile in less than a …

Sequentially Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation Using Adaptive Lsp Filters., Fayez Zaki

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The advantages of coding speech signal digitally are well known and are widely discussed in the literature [1]. Briefly, digital representation offers efficient signal regeneration, noise immunity, easy encryption, the possibility of combining transmission and switching functions, and the advantage of a uniform frmat for different types of signals. Unfortunately, these benefits are gained at the expense of increased transmission bandwidth. The redundancy removal systems (e.g., differential coding, linear prediction vocoders,…etc.) were developed to overcome this difficulty,, although, of the expense of system complexity and speech quality. This paper introduces a simple adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM) system for …

The Importance Of Phase In Biological Signals., Fatma Abou-Chadi

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In this paper, the important of phase in the context of biological signals is highlightened. Techniques for manipulating the phase spectral values prior to its use are illustrated and several approaches to exploit the role of phase statistics in biological signal analysis and feature extraction are discussed.

Cost Of Electricity Outage In Jordan., F. Elkarmi, H. El-Zayyat, Z. Tahboub

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Electric power system reliability is a very important aspect for both producers and consumers. For the former it is important to design an optimally reliable system while for the latter it is important for the economic use of electricity for production and services. Combining the two sides one sets the importance indicator for determining optimum reliability level is the cost of outage to consumers. The authors in this paper present an estimation for the cost of outage using three methodologies. The overall average cost of outage is estimated at JD 0.63/kwh (U.S.S I/kwh) while the specific outage costs are: JD …

Librarians As Academics In Nigerian Universities: Revisiting The Quest For Justification And Matters Arising, Goodluck Ifijeh, Felicia Yusuf Dr, Sola Owolabi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The quest for librarians to be given their rightful place as academics in Nigerian Universities prompted this paper. From a comparative viewpoint, the need for librarians to enjoy the same rights and privileges as lecturers was highlighted. The paper provided ample justifications for granting librarians academic status in Nigerian Universities. It also discussed matters arising from the implementation of the National Universities Commission’s directive on the academic status of librarians. The paper proposed the systematic implementation of PhD Qualification for librarians, review of librarians’ cadres vis-à-vis those of lecturers and the need for the Librarians’ Registration Council of Nigeria (LRCN) …

Measuring Research Performance Of 19th Century British Era Universities Of Indian Subcontinent, Imran Hussain, Abid Iqbal, Vaseem Jaweed, Yasir Javed, Shakil Ahmad

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the research productivity of universities established by the British rulers during the 19^th century in un-divided Indian sub-continent. Another objective of the study is to explore the collaboration patterns and to perform impact analysis on the research produced by the studied universities.

Methods: Bibliometric method was used to perform this analysis on the data retrieved from Scopus database. Research yield of studied universities in the form of bibliographic records of research publications was the sample of this study.

Results: Chemistry was the most published subject area in the studied universities. Researchers in the …