Digital Commons Network^™

Crude Extract From Robusta Coffee (Coffea Canephora) Husks Using Ethanol: Steam Versus Ultrasonic, Kirsten Shanel B. Bernardo, Julianne Kaye D. Cortes, Ron Gabriel J. Perillo, John Albert D. Gurtiza

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress Conference Proceedings

The global demand for renewable energy sources necessitates exploring sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. Coffee husks, a significant agricultural waste product, represent a potential feedstock for biofuel production. This study investigated the comparative efficacy of steam distillation and Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE), using ethanol as a solvent to extract crude extract from Coffea canephora husks. A comparative experiment was conducted using 200g of Coffea canephora husks for each extraction method replicated three times and the yields were measured in mL. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the mean yields between the two methods. UAE yielded significantly more crude extract …

The Necessary Extinction Of The Amateur Golfer, Laura M. Demarco

Denver Sports & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Vol. 27, No. 1: Full Issue, University Of Denver Sports & Entertainment Law Journal

Denver Sports & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Title Vi Compliance Report And Implementation Plan Fy 2022-2023

Title VI Implementation Report

No abstract provided.

Streaming Television And Children: An Examination And Method Of Evaluating Svod Parental Controls, Joel Timmer

Denver Sports & Entertainment Law Journal

With the growth of streaming television in recent years, and particularly subscription video on demand (SVOD) services like Netflix and Disney+, children are increasingly viewing programming online rather than on traditional broadcast and cable television platforms. This provides children with instantaneous access to vast libraries of programming, which may include a significant amount of programming that is inappropriate for them. However, with the exception of the Parents Television Council, little attention has been paid to the parental controls provided by these services to allow parents to monitor and control their children’s access to programming on the services. This article examines …

The Stairway To Fairness: Copyright And Creativity In The Digital Age, Ani Khachatryan

Denver Sports & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Tennessee Ag Insider, A Guide The The State's Farms, Food, And Forestry, 2024 Edition, Tennessee. Department Of Agriculture.

Tennessee Ag Insider

No abstract provided.

Closing The Gap Between Copyright Management Information And Metadata: A Critical Analysis Of Section 1202 Of The Digital Millennium Copyright Act And A Proposal For Sound Recording Standards, Haley Bridget Mccullough

Denver Sports & Entertainment Law Journal

“Music metadata” is virtually any of type of content electronically embedded in a digital audio file and may include information that identifies various rightsholders of a copyrightable sound recording, such as producer(s) and performer(s). A standardized system for music metadata does not exist, and instead music industry stakeholders devote significant resources to maintain redundant and incongruent databases. As a result, licensees expend significant effort in tracking copyright holders and licensors risk inadequate protection and potential loss of royalties. Music metadata overlaps with copyright management information (CMI), which is information conveyed with a copyrighted work. For example, music metadata includes information …

Annual Report, Fy 2025 Quality Of Kerosene And Motor Fuel In Tennessee, Tennessee. Department Of Agriculture.

Fuel Quality Reports

No abstract provided.

The Forestry Story 2025 Annual Report, Tennessee. Department Of Agriculture.

Forestry Commission Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Fortification Of Flour Cultivated In The Territory Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan With Own Iron And Zinc, Nodira B. Kurbanova, Gulnoza Z. Djakhangirova, Bakhtiyar I. Kurbanov, Dase D. Klava

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the study is to investigate the regional characteristics of iron and zinc content in wheat and flour produced in Uzbekistan using instrumental neutron activation analysis, and on this basis to provide a scientific justification for effective approaches to flour fortification and the preservation of micronutrients during grain processing. The study analyzed wheat flour produced from grain grown in five regions of Uzbekistan (Khorezm, Surkhandarya, Bukhara, Tashkent, and Fergana). Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) was applied for the first time in Uzbekistan to comprehensively assess the microelement composition of flour. It was found that fortification using natural sources …

Preparation Of Semi-Hard Cacciota Cheese From Local Milk And Analysis Of Its Physicochemical And Microbiological Properties, Shahnoza U. Yuldasheva, Dilshod P. Rakhimov, Dilrabo Q. Maksumova, Shahlo I. Akhmedova, Asaloy U. Narimonova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Including cheese products in daily diet will give tangible results, enriching body with nutrients rich in high-quality proteins. The aim of the research is to create an Italian semi-hard cheese, caciotta, from local cow's milk. In the experiment, pepsin of the CHY-MAX® Powder Plus NB brand was used. The resulting product contained 1.46 mg/kg zinc (Zn), which is approximately 34 times lower than the permissible limit (50 mg/kg), which is considered a high quality indicator. From a biological safety point of view, no aflatoxin M1 was detected in the cheese (0.0 mg/kg), indicating the absence of mycotoxin contamination of cow's …

Kinetic Investigation Of The Sn2 Reaction Between Piperidine And Chloroacetic Acid Using Atr-Ftir Spectroscopy, Sadoqat O. Mamatkulova, Oytura S. Maksumova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

In this study, the kinetic characteristics of the nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reaction between piperidine and chloroacetic acid were investigated in real time at 50, 60, and 70 °C using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The spectral analysis revealed a gradual decrease in the C–Cl stretching vibration in the 710–730 cm⁻¹ region and a simultaneous increase in absorption bands corresponding to the C–N bond in the 1020–1250 cm⁻¹ region, confirming the consistent progression of the reaction. Analysis of the conversion function X(t) showed values of X = 0.669 at 50 °C, X = 0.826 at 60 °C, and X = 0.970 at 70 °C, …

Development Of A Catalytic System Based On N,N’,N”-Tris-(Β-Oxyethyl)Hexahydro-S-Triazine For Polyisocyanuraturethane Foam, Murod K. Karimov, Nozima M. Alimukhamedova, Lochinbek M. Khurramov, Ravshan I. Adilov, Murafar G. Alimukhamedov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of this work is to develop a catalytic system for the production of polyisocyanurateurethane foams based on N,N',N"-tris(β-hydroxyethyl)hexahydro-S-triazine (TOEGT). N,N',N"-tris(β-hydroxyethyl)hexahydro-S-triazine (TOEGT) exhibits high catalytic activity in polyurethane foam production processes. However, it exhibited moderate catalytic activity in polyisocyanurateurethane  foams, the formation of which is characterized by the sequential-parallel reactions of urethane formation, isocyanate trimerization, and foaming (isocyanate + water). By varying the composition of the catalytic mixture, the required concentrations of each component were determined, which made it possible to synthesize polyisocyanurateurethane foams that meet the requirements of casting polyurethane foams. The optimal ratio of N,N',N"-tris(β-hydroxyethyl)hexahydro-S-triazine: triethylenediamine: tin …

Physicochemical Investigation Of Interactions In The Urea – Dl-Alanine System, Suvonkul E. Nurmonov, Saydullo Kh. Azimov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

A comprehensive physicochemical study of the “urea – DL-alanine – water” system was carried out to determine the nature of the interactions between its components. Methods of isomolar series, X-ray phase analysis, thermal analysis, and FTIR spectroscopy were applied. It was found that molecular associates with a stoichiometry of 1:1 are formed in an aqueous solution, as evidenced by deviations in density, viscosity, refractive index, and electrical conductivity from their additive values. In the solid phase, the system represents a mechanical mixture of the initial components without the formation of new crystalline phases. The presence of hydrogen bonds of the …

Extraction Of Metallic Silver In Powder Form From Electronic Wastes, Mastura Kh. Aripova, Umar A. Yakhyaev, Ripsime V. Mkrtchyan, Shoxrux B. Naimov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The research is dedicated to the extraction of silver in powder form from electronic wastes and the selective separation of associated elements through the application of hydrometallurgical methods. The conducted study determined the initial chemical composition of the electrical engineering waste (wt.%): Si – 0.08, Al – 0.133, Fe – 0.021, Mg – 0.614, Cu – 0.005,  Zn – 0.02, Ag – 46.9,Zr – 0.557,  Ta – 0.004, Pb – 0.003, Mo – 0.002, S – 0.026. A system for the efficient extraction of metals with minimal losses was developed for the selective dissolution of metals such as Cu, Ni, …

Study Of Microstructural Defects Of Drill Bit Teeth Using Microscopic Methods, Odiljon E. Abdurakhmonov, Mastura Kh. Aripova, Orifjon O. Khomidov, Bakhtiyar T. Zakhidov, Amir I. Abidov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of this study is to investigate microstructural defects in drill bit cutting elements, including milled teeth and WC–Co cemented carbide inserts, to clarify their morphology, chemical–phase characteristics, and potential contribution to manufacturing-related defects. To achieve this goal, the study applied a combined approach based on optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS). First, the study examined surface and microstructural features, such as pores, depressions, and local heterogeneities formed during manufacturing. Then, it conducted detailed SEM–EDS analyses of selected local regions, including crack initiation sites. As a result, the study revealed that cutting elements …

Sorption Of Lanthanum(Iii) Ions On Impregnated Solid Extractants, Jaloliddin Q. Abdurashidov, Tadjigul R. Odamova, Maksim A. Kamarou, Zuhra Ch. Kadirova, Shahlo Sh. Daminova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of this work was to obtain solid extractants by impregnating the organic reagent 1-phenyl-1,3-butadione (BNA) onto carriers based on styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers (PAD600, PAD400) as well as activated carbon, and to investigate the sorption isotherms of La³⁺ ions under static conditions. The structure of the sorbents before and after La³⁺ ion sorption was studied using SEM-EDX and IR spectroscopy. The parameters of sorption extraction of La³⁺ ions, including extraction degree, sorbent capacity, and distribution coefficient, were evaluated. It was established that the PAD600-BNA sorbent exhibits the most favorable sorption properties toward La³⁺ ions.

Two-Stage Heat Treatment For Producing Highly Crystalline H-Bn Nanoparticles From Boric Acid And Urea, Sherzod E. Abdurakhmonov, Mastura Kh. Aripova, Umar A. Yakhyaev, Shoxrux B. Naimov, Odiljon E. Abdurakhmonov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of the study was to investigate the formation of the crystal structure of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles obtained by the chemical-thermal method using two-stage heat treatment. Boric acid and urea were used as starting precursors, enabling ammonia-free synthesis conditions. It is shown that the first thermal stage at 600 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere leads to the formation of a predominantly amorphous BN-containing precursor, whereas the second stage at 1000 °C in an N₂/H₂ atmosphere promotes crystallization of a highly ordered hexagonal h-BN phase. The morphology and particle size distribution were examined by transmission …

Structure And Morphology Of Ultradispersed Erbium Ytterbium Oxide Powders Obtained By Deposition Method, Eygeniy N. Poddenezhny, Andrei A. Boiko, Natalya E. Drobyshevskaya, Vladimir S. Urbanovich, Ekaterina E. Trusova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of research is to develop a new method for synthesis of ultra-dispersed crystalline powders of lanthanide oxides, in particular, erbium oxide doped with ytterbium oxide, intended for making transparent ceramics. The formation of nanostructured powders of the erbium oxide – ytterbium oxide system using deposition and heat treatment processes by co-deposition of salt solutions mixed with ammonium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide complex solution at temperature of 10 °C followed annealing at 100, 650, 900 and 1200°C was studied. Studies of the morphological and structural characteristics of the powders using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray phase analysis showed that …

Effect Of Variety And Seaweed Extract Spray In The Content Of Some Medically Active Phenolic Compounds In Grape Fruits, Ali Ahmed Hussein Almyali, Salim Kadhim, Ali S. Hassoon, Ameer Al Fatlawy

Al-Bahir

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most economically significant fruit crops which has a large adaptive range, nutrition and medicine effect. A variety of 70 types of grapes are planted on more than 11.6 million plants in Iraq, generating a total annual output of more than 421,000 tons. Increasing grape quality, and particularly the phenolic composition recently has been of major interest. Leaf nutrition – particularly seaweed extracts, being rich in amino acids, trace elements and growth promoting substances – has proved to be a potential tool to enhance plant growth and fruit biochemical quality. The …

Classification Of Land Cover In Sentinel-2 Imagery Using Machine Learning Models, Ehsan Ali Al-Zubaidi, Mohammed Ridha Hammoodi, Ahmed Naser Alzurfi

Al-Bahir

Remote sensing data of medium resolution are commonly used to classify land cover, and machine learning (ML) models have taken on a central aspect in the necessary data analysis. Ordinarily, land cover is coded on a pixel basis on the basis of Digital Number (DN) values, which in turn are computed across several spectral bands. This paper is concerned with land cover mapping in Mosul, Iraq, based on satellite images captured by Sentinel-2. Two platforms featuring unsupervised classification algorithms were used, Google Earth Engine and ArcMap, making it possible to use K-means and X-means in Google Earth Engine and ISO …

Measuring Multimodal Equity In Resource-Challenged Mpos, Christopher Ferrell, David Reinke, John M. Eells

Mineta Transportation Institute

Ensuring transportation investments are equitable across different populations and travel modes is a priority for many agencies, yet existing tools often make these assessments difficult, especially for smaller and resource-constrained organizations. To address this gap, this report provides the findings of Phase II of our study on reviewing and developing transportation equity metrics. The Phase I project investigated transit equity metrics and provided recommendations on advancements in quantitative methods. Building on Phase I recommendations, this study investigates low-cost methods for comparing the equity between auto (roadway) and transit performance or investments for low resource transportation agencies. A literature review revealed …

The Daily Gamecock: March 2026, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

2026

No abstract provided.

A Universal Influenza Vlp Vaccine Built On Conserved Antigens, Labone Akter, Yibo Li, Xinyuan Chen

Poster Presentations

The ectodomain of matrix protein 2 (M2e) is highly conserved among influenza A viruses and represents an attractive target for universal influenza vaccines. Because M2e is weakly immunogenic, highly immunogenic platforms are needed to elicit protective responses. We recently developed a flagellin-displayed hepatitis B core (HBc) virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine (FH-M2e VLPs) in which the surface-exposed D3 domain of FljB was replaced with four tandem M2e copies from human H1/H3, swine H1, and avian H5/H7 strains. FH-M2e VLPs induced high anti-M2e IgG and conferred cross-protection in mice; however, they also elicited substantial anti-FljB (anti-flagellin) antibodies. We hypothesized that removing the …

Analysis Of Parameters For Improved Morphogenic-Regulator-Meditated-Transformation Using Immature Embryo Explants In Sorghum Bicolor., Ryan Donnelly, Yu-Ton Chen, Michael Tilelli, Erik A. Myers, Albert P. Kausch

Poster Presentations

Reliable Agrobacterium mediated transformation of Sorghum remains constrained by low transformation frequencies and the requirement for high quality immature embryos (IEs). A useful conceptual framework describes transformation efficiency T=V(Cd×Ci×Cr), as the product of DNA delivery (Cd), stable integration (Ci), regeneration competence (Cr), and experiment specific variables (V). Using this framework, in a multi-year study we systematically evaluated parameters predicted to influence DNA delivery and regeneration. Standard IE workflows established baseline developmental dynamics of somatic embryogenesis and regeneration. To increase DNA delivery, we tested Agrobacterium strains and ternary vir helper vectors, which enhanced bacterial attachment and transient reporter expression. To elevate …

Machine Learning In Sensors: Feature Learning From Complex Spectra In Mmwave Radar Signals, Erkan Karakus, Qing Yang

Poster Presentations

This work discusses how to directly extract features from complex-valued spectra using an energy-based probability distribution that represents complex-valued data. As an extension of the well-known restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), the proposed model, the complex-valued restricted Boltzmann machine (CRBM), is made to deal with complex valued visible units. With the use of contrastive divergence (CD) or Gibbs sampling, the CRBM, like the RBM, develops a grasp of the relationships between visible and hidden units without requiring connections between units in the same layer. We propose a new in-sensor computing architecture that can dramatically reduce the amount of data transferred from …

Biosynthesis Of Manganese Oxide Nanoparticle For Agricultural Fertilization Application, Nicoly Welter, Vinka Oyandel-Craver

Poster Presentations

Green synthetized nanoparticles have been the object of study for their use as fertilizers in the agricultural field. Among them, manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnONPs) have been used to increase the growth and biomass of rice seedlings, mung bean, moringa plants, among others. In this work, we explore the biosynthesis and purification of MnONPs for these environmental applications, seeing as the biosynthesis of MnONPs consumes less thermal energy compared to chemical synthesis methods. In this study, MnONPs were biosynthesized using a strain derived from the marine environment, Pseudomonas putida GB-1. The bacteria were incubated in a batch system in Leptothorix media, …

Sweep Angle Effects Of Flow Over A Seal Whisker-Inspired Undulated Cylinder, Trevor Dunt, Christin T. Murphy, Ondrej Fercak, Raúl Bayoán Cal, Jennifer A. Franck

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Flow over a seal whisker-inspired undulated cylinder at swept back angles is computationally investigated, comparing the vortex shedding, forces, and wake characteristics to those of an equivalent smooth geometry. Numerous prior studies have demonstrated that undulated cylinders can reduce mean drag and unsteady lift oscillations; however, none have isolated the effects of the sweep angle resulting from whisker positioning in flow. Inspired by the active control seals exert over their whiskers while navigating and sensing in unsteady aquatic environments, this study investigates how such orientation influences the hydrodynamic performance of the geometry. Simulations are performed of flow across a rigid, …

Collaborative Care For Depression In Chronic Illness: A Narrative Review, Chun Wong, German E. Corso

School of Medicine Publications

Background: Depression commonly coexists with chronic medical illness and is associated with impaired self-management, poor adherence, increased healthcare utilization, and higher mortality.

Objective: To synthesize evidence published between 2000 and late 2025 on the effectiveness of the Collaborative Care Model (CoCM) for depression in adults with chronic medical illness, with particular attention to contemporary U.S. implementation, policy, and equity considerations.

Methods: A narrative review of randomized controlled trials, pragmatic and implementation studies, systematic reviews, and policy analyses was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Evidence addressing collaborative care for depression in adults with chronic medical illness was identified and synthesized …