Digital Commons Network^™

Segment Anything: A Review, Firas Hazzaa, Innocent Udoidiong, Akram Qashou, Sufian Yousef

Mesopotamian Journal of Computer Science

Segment Anything (SA) is a state-of-the art method for universal object segmentation, which does not need task-specific training. Herein, we emphasize that SA can overcome the limitations of traditional segmentation frameworks based on requiring extensive manually annotated datasets and predefined architectures, as extensively documented in this review. SB supercharges performance and reduces cost by combining Mutual Information learning with an Efficient Transformer architecture, benefiting from a substantially larger pool of in-the-wild data. In this paper we review SA and its specific key innovations generality, resource boundedness, and scalability to large datasets. We also face obstacles such as data biases, computational …

Credit Card Fraud Detection Based On Deep Learning Models, El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy, Ahmed Mohamed Zaki, Wei Hong Lim, Abdelhameed Ibrahim, Marwa M. Eid, Ahmed Osman Osman, Ahmed M. Elshewey

Mesopotamian Journal of Computer Science

Credit card fraud detection (FD) protects consumers and financial institutions by identifying suspicious or unauthorized transactions. To improve security and reduce false positives, fraud detection systems can analyze transaction data patterns in real time using advanced machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). This paper exploits DL models to detects transactional data which includes anomalies through Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) to verify data and mitigate fraud. The models used precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC on a balanced shared 559856-record Kaggle repository dataset. The RNN model detected anomalies with 99.39% accuracy, 0.9939 …

An Optimized Model For Liver Disease Classification Based On Bpso Using Machine Learning Models, El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy, Nima Khodadadi, Abdelhameed Ibrahim, Marwa M. Eid, Ahmed M. Osman, Ahmed M. Elshewey

Mesopotamian Journal of Computer Science

Liver disease (LD) is a world health concern that requires accurate diagnostic methods. This study proposes an optimized machine learning model (ML) based on BPSO for LD classification using a shared public dataset from kaggle Indicates to liver patients from India. The paper used six ML models such as Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Dummy Classifier (DC), Extra Trees Classifier (ET), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Logistic Regression (LT) to evaluate the performance. Through observations we detected that ET achieved an accuracy of 79.82%. The BPSO hyperparameter optimization optimized ET to enhance accuracy to reach 85%. The paper used …

Kinetic Modelling During Soaking Of Dried Long Grain Paddy Mr297, Jhauharotul Muchlisyiyah, Rosnah Shamsudin, Roseliza Kadir Basha, Radhiah Shukri, Syahmeer How, Masmunira Rambli

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

This study aimed to assess the soaking behaviour of MR 297 dried paddy under two conditions: room temperature and hot water soaking at 60°C. The experiment involved soaking dried MR297 paddy samples in water for 0.5 to 8 hours at room temperature and 0.5 to 5 hours for soaking at 60°C. The water absorption of MR 297 behaved differently at two different soaking conditions. The kinetic behaviour of the soaking process was also simulated using established 25 predictive models and incorporating 5 novel models presented in this work. The comparison of all prediction models involved using three statistical measures: the …

Factors Affecting The Adoption Of Information Technology In Medium And Small Enterprises: A Case Study In Mekong Delta, Vietnam, Thy-Lieu Nguyen-Thi, Duy-Dong Le, Kieu-Chinh Nguyen-Ly, Trung-Tien Nguyen, Mohamed Saleem Haja Nazmudeen

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

This research endeavors to discern the determinants influencing the adoption of information technology in the management practices of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) situ-ated within the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. Leveraging the Unified Theory of Ac-ceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), PLS-SEM, and ANN models, this study ranks the pivotal factors that impact the decision to integrate information technology into SME management. The identified factors, in order of significance, encompass (1) Support from State Agencies, (2) Managerial Qualifications, (3) Competitive Landscape, (4) Enterprise Scale, and (5) Employee Qualifications. The investigation encompasses 496 SMEs across the Mekong Delta and evaluates …

Word Prediction Using Dynamic Skip Connections Along With Arabert And Lstm In Arabic Language, Ahad Almalki, Faris Kateb, Rayan Mosli

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Natural Language Generation (NLG) plays a crucial role in modern digital tools, including chatbots, virtual support, content suggestions, and tailored marketing, making bots more responsive and reducing the need for human staff. While there's much research on NLG for languages like English, languages like Arabic, Urdu, and Chinese still face challenges. This study examines Arabic NLG's unique aspects, dialects, and word variations. With around 420 million Arabic speakers globally, it's crucial to advance NLG for this language. We compared three models: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), a mix of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and LSTM, and a version that …

Determination Of Yield Nutrient Contents And In Vitro Digestibility Of Some Triticale Varieties Harvested At Different Maturity Stages, Şevket Evci̇, Kami̇l Kara, Mehmet Demi̇rci̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of growth performance, nutrient content and digestibility of different triticale varieties to ruminant diets and to indirectly assist farmers in feed production. The experiment utilized 5 triticale varieties. The study was designed as a randomized complete block design with split plots and 3 replications. The digestibility values were determined in vitro after 48 hours of incubation using the Daisy Ankom® digester. Rumen liquid was obtained from dairy cows slaughtered at the 'Yeşil Vadi Et Entegre' facility. Nutrient values, in vitro dry matter digestibility, and yield traits of forages were determined. …

Incomplete Streets, Michael Lewyn

Scholarly Works

Over 1700 complete streets policies have been adopted by state and local government; these policies typically provide that streets shall be designed to benefit all users, not just motorists. This article analyzes some complete streets policies, and concludes that even above-average policies are often too vague and underfunded to significantly change the status quo. The article suggests a variety of reforms that might make complete streets policies more effective.

Research News, Grants, 2024, Volume 3, Soumyajit Majumdar

Grants (2015-)

Grants and contracts awarded during July - September 2024 - Revised 10/22/24

"Decidedly Good Looking:" Horatio Alger’S Juvenile Heroes And The Racial Subtext Of The American Dream, Madison Robin Owens

All ETDs from UAB

No abstract provided.

Laws And Green Incentives: Guiding China’S New Biomass Energy Future, Qian Li, Cihui Liu, Jennifer S. Stevenson

Faculty Articles

In this article, we focus on green incentives and laws guiding China’s new biomass energy future. We offer proposals to reinforce green incentives and legal standards in this field.

An Assessment Of The Hotel Customers’ Robotic Service Quality Perceptions: Scale Development And Validation, Ahmet Hacikara

Graduate Thesis and Dissertation 2023-2024

"Hotel customers' interactions with service robots are becoming increasingly common, raising questions about how these interactions impact their experience. To address this gap in knowledge, this dissertation develops and validates a novel robotic service quality (ROBOQUAL) scale. Drawing on social exchange theory, the study examines the reciprocal relationship between hotel customers and artificially intelligent service robots, exploring how robotic service quality influences customers' perceptions of experience quality, satisfaction, and word-of-mouth intentions. The research employs focus-group studies, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and partial least squares equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to develop and validate the ROBOQUAL scale."

The Sixth Warfighting Domain?: Governing The Space-Cyber Nexus, Eytan Tepper, Scott Shackelford, James B. Romano, Sergei Dmitriachev

Georgia Law Review

This Article reviews the recent emergence of the space-cyber nexus as a distinct warfighting domain, solidified during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and analyzes the (missing?) laws of space-cyber warfare. The Article further suggests a roadmap for the development of norms and rules under the constraints of contemporary geopolitics and difficulties in multilateral rulemaking. As space-based infrastructure became critical to modern militaries and economies, it has, as a result, become a prime target. While only four countries possess antisatellite missiles (United States, Russia, China, and India), cyberattacks require much less in terms of funds and technological sophistication and can also …

Automated Feedback For Formative Excel Assignments

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

No abstract provided.

The Value Of The 1-Hour Credit Course: Evidence From An Interdisciplinary Course On Financial Literacy

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential benefits of one-hour courses by examining the design and learning outcomes of an interdisciplinary course, Financial Literacy for Entrepreneurs. The course served 52 students from a variety of majors. Qualitative evidence suggests that students found the course enjoyable and useful. In addition, quantitative evidence from course pre-tests and post-tests suggests significant gains in student learning. Our findings indicate that one-hour courses represent a valuable alternative to traditional course design.

The Cancellation Station Podcast: The Controversies Of Canceling, Quinn Rauchenecker

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The term “Cancel Culture” has had a firm grasp on mainstream culture and disagreements about whether it is doing more harm than good. While the initial intention of the widespread term was created for good, it is now in a space of critique. For my thesis, I use the creative means of podcasting to explore cancel culture and its controversies.

The Effects Of Beaver Dam Anaolgs On Linked Aquatic-Terrestrial Communities In Western Headwater Streams, Michelle Elyse Fillion, Benjamin P. Colman, Rachel L. Malison

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

In response to stream degradation resulting from the near eradication of American Beavers (Castor canadensis), managers of freshwater systems have turned to using beaver dam analogs (BDAs) as one means of restoring waterways from stream and riparian degradation. Though BDAs have been shown to restore physical traits of riparian areas, their influence on macroinvertebrates and linked aquatic-terrestrial systems is not well understood. To examine how BDAs influence aquatic habitats, macroinvertebrate communities, and riparian insectivores, we compared unrestored reference stream segments to BDA-restored segments with 7-14 BDAs in three western Montana headwater streams. We collected physical stream measurements and quantitative samples …

Sarmiento: A Town, A Lake And A Glimpse Toward The Global Water Crisis, Victoria Traxler

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

The Blackfeet Nation’S Bison Conservation Herd Management Plan, Brandon Kittson

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This document is meant to act as a guide to understanding Bison reintroduction on the Blackfeet reservation and serve as a resource for bison management. This report and plan will: 1) review bison ecology and the history of reintroduction efforts on the reservation; 2) identify potential issues and barriers to successful reintroduction; 3) present a summary of current land policies and patterns of land use on the reservation; and 4) provide recommendations for dealing with those potential issues. Recommendations will be based on analyses of previous knowledge of bison and bison behavior.

Csn-5: A Tumor's Friend Or Foe In The C. Elegans Germline?, Kellie C. Kuch

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The COP9 signalosome is a highly conserved eukaryotic complex regulating protein degradation via deneddylation of Cullin-RING E3 ligases. CSN5, the COP9’s fifth component, contains the catalytically active domain for CSN deneddylation. The complex is inactive without CSN5; however, CSN5 engages in COP9-independent binding with several other proteins, typically promoting either destruction or stabilization of its partners. Many of its confirmed interaction partners are also implicated in tumorigenesis (prominent examples being p27 and p53) and a complex cancer interactome has been established for CSN5. Additionally, CSN5 overexpression has been documented in a staggering array of cancers of diverse origins. This discovery …

A Closer Look At Denali’S Alpine Wildlife: Assessing The Influences Of Climate And Vegetation Changes On Species In Alaska, Jennifer Lynn Wall

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Climate change is amplified in polar regions and could have considerable consequences for biodiversity. Arctic and boreal regions, in particular, have warmed more than double the global average and are experiencing increasing precipitation, thawing permafrost, shrinking snow seasons, and increasing shrub- and tree-line encroachment. These changes are suspected to influence key alpine biodiversity, including species such as collared pikas (Ochotona collaris), hoary marmots (Marmota caligata), and Arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus parryii). But, we have limited understanding of whether this is true and, if so, which factors drive distributional shifts in response to climate change. For this dissertation, I collected data …

Habitat Selection And Connectivity Of Mountain Lions (Puma Concolor) Across Anthropogenic Barriers On The Olympic Peninsula: A Multi-Method Comparison, Thomas R. Barbee

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Designing and maintaining effective wildlife corridors is an increasingly important conservation challenge in today’s fragmenting landscapes. GPS-based resource selection functions and camera-based occupancy models are both well-established staples of wildlife connectivity analyses and corridor planning, but each have notable trade-offs in cost and data resolution. Wildlife organizations worldwide rely heavily on camera-based occupancy modelling to plan wildlife corridors, especially where resource limitations or ethical concerns prohibit the use of GPS tags. If spatial connectivity maps from occupancy models could be shown to capture the essential elements of animal movement well enough to identify functionally equivalent corridors to those identified in …

A Home For All: Innovative Management And Research Methodologies For Historic Archaeologists At Federally Regulated Landscapes At The Garnet Ghost Town, Andrea Jean Shiverdecker

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This is a proposal for the Spring 2024 graduation of Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology dissertation completion at the University of Montana. The dissertation work being submitted focuses on developing new and innovative cultural resource management methodologies for practical use by federal archaeologists through six archaeological research essays on the Garnet Ghost Town of Garnet, Montana. The goal of this archaeological investigation is to seek or solve, or at least significantly impact discussions on developing an explanation or understanding of the diversity of identities at Garnet while also developing new innovative technologies with recommendations for federal policy to be utilized …

Peoples Of India: The Use Of Craniometric Data To Distinguish A Separate Ancestral Group, Stephanie A. Craig

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The Peoples of India come from an area with a long history of migrations into and out of the area. This area is considered the second most diverse genetically outside of Africa. Many would group these people as Asian due to the country’s location. However, when studies are done on the skeletal remains from this area, the remains tend to give results of mixed or indeterminate ancestry unless the analyst is familiar with identifying Peoples of India. This study aims to determine the Peoples of India as a separate ancestral group separated from Asians, Europeans, and Africans. To do this, …

Field Of Play, Lauren Ariana Tess

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

Uncontrolled Burn: The Worker Well-Being Of Wildland Firefighters, Luke Santore

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Purpose: The available evidence indicates that wildland firefighters (WLFFs) are experiencing a well-being crisis. This study aims to assess predictors of both worker well-being and social and emotional loneliness among WLFFs.

Methods: An adapted version of the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health’s (NIOSH) Worker Well-Being Questionnaire, along with the De Jong Gierveld Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale (De Jong Gierveld & Van Tilburg, 2010) was distributed between May and October of 2023. Nine ordinary least square linear regression models were estimated to test the impact of demographic and employment variables on well-being in the sample of 95 …

Foreign Expert: A Memoir Manuscript, Jenny L. Rowe

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This is a full memoir manuscript that I wrote for my MFA thesis, which is tentatively titled Foreign Expert. In this manuscript, we follow myself as narrator as I struggle to adapt to life in Beijing (prior to the pandemic) while also recovering from a recent divorce. The man I’d been married to for five years back in Iowa had become violently mentally ill, and though I’d been fortunate enough to remove myself from him, I quickly learned that being a foreign expert in China—my residential visa title—required more work than basic survival. By the end of my two years …

Big Sky Above, Big Space Below: Montana Is A Frontier For Deep Carbon Storage, Najifa Farhat

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The Snowy River Carbon Sequestration Project in southeastern Montana aims to store carbon dioxide emissions from two Wyoming power plants deep underground. This project aligns with new federal pollution regulations emphasizing carbon storage. Previously, carbon capture and storage (CCS) was mainly used to enhance oil production, but it's now transitioning to focus solely on emission reduction due to government incentives. The project represents Montana's first venture into using public lands for carbon storage, a trend expected to grow significantly with future federal mandates. Fossil fuel companies are investing heavily in CCS technology, with an eye on emission reduction rather than …

Old Stock, Grace K. Butler

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

Field/Museum: Poems + Studies, Em Bober

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Field/Museum: Poems + Studies is a collection interested in curation—collecting, containing, protecting, preserving, and displaying. Each set of poems becomes its own exhibition, employing experimental form and detail studies to preserve the work. Mortality, masculinity, ethics of the museum space, the concept of wildness, science, and family dynamics are scrutinized and studied throughout.

Readers learn that the author’s uncle worked at the Field Museum of Chicago throughout her childhood; so began her intimate relationship with the museum space—a deep fascination with the task of exhibiting. Later in the collection, readers are guided into the field—into a series of place poems …