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Otterbein Aegis Spring 2026, Otterbein Aegis

Aegis: The Otterbein Humanities Journal

Contents:

Editors' Introduction; Editorial Board Members

Essays:

"Conveying the Dream-Sensation: On the Prescient Modernism of Heart of Darkness"; "On Momentary Freedom: David Lynch's The Elephant Man"; "Reading Together Alone: Hermeneutics at the Limit in Night"; Samuel Barber's Excursions for Solo Piano"; "The Indigenous Experience of Cultural Genocide Through Art"; "'Your Laura Disappeared': The Fragmentation of Self in David Lynch's Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me and Lost Highway".

Reviews:

"Detroit: Become Human"; "Everything is Tuberculosis: The History and Persistence of Our Deadliest Infection"; "Grey Dog"; "Mahmoud Darwish: Palestine's Poet and the Other as the Beloved"; "The Tragedy of Heterosexuality"; "The …

Semantic Entanglement In Vector-Based Retrieval: A Formal Framework And Context-Conditioned Disentanglement Pipeline For Agentic Rag Systems, Nick Loghmani

iSchool - All Scholarship

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems deployed in agentic environments depend on the geometric properties of vector representations to retrieve contextually appropriate evidence for autonomous reasoning. When source documents conflate multiple topics within contiguous text regions, standard vectorization pipelines produce embedding spaces in which semantically distinct content occupies overlapping geometric neighborhoods — a condition we term semantic entanglement. This paper formalizes semantic entanglement as a model-relative measure of cross-topic overlap, defines an Entanglement Index (EI) as a quantitative proxy, and argues that higher EI is associated with reduced attainable Top-K retrieval precision under cosine similarity retrieval. We introduce the Semantic Disentanglement …

Child Support Factory: Racist History, Harm, And Unconstitutionality Of The Child Support System's Contractual Operations, Daniel L. Hatcher

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

Within America’s justice institutions, the child support system has become a business. The intended mission of aid has been traded and abdicated through contractual deals to churn vulnerable families into factory-like revenue operations. Juvenile and family courts across the country have partnered through countless intertwined interagency contracts with human service agencies, prosecutors, attorneys general’s offices, probation departments, and policing offices—all aimed at generating revenue from impoverished children and parents rather than serving their best interests. The resulting child support factory is vast, harmful, unconstitutional, unethical, and grew from a racist history that devastated Black families, and still operates with starkly …

Aligning Reparations And Taxation, Katherine Pratt

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

Rehabilitative reparation remedies advance the important normative goals of intergenerational restorative justice and racial reconciliation. This Article fills a gap in the reparations literature by exploring a critical missing piece of reparations—nontaxation of reparation remedies. Historical examples of reparation remedies show how, in the past, a patchwork of tax rules prevented taxation of reparations and advanced the rehabilitative goals of reparation remedies and procedural fairness in tax administration. Conversely, contemporary examples show how current tax law taxes the receipt of reparation remedies, thereby undermining the rehabilitative goals of reparations and procedural fairness.

This Article proposes a new statutory tax exclusion …

How And Why Hundreds Of Preventable Deaths Continue To Occur Behind America's Prison Walls And Jail Cells, Melody Monssen

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

This Note examines how the Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA) came to be and the consequences of its passage. The PLRA was largely a response to the growing movement of prisoners’ rights that began in the 1960s and continued until the 1990s. As the Court grew more conservative, the legal system became less receptive to prisoners’ plights. Consequently, PLRA was enacted in an effort to curtail prison litigation. Consequently, conditions in correctional institutions have continued to worsen, leaving prisoners with little recourse. Although the passage of PLRA was justified by claiming that prisoners were bringing frivolous lawsuits, the continued upward …

Federal Extreme Risk Protection Orders: A Potential Pathway To Preventing Mass Shootings, Lilly H. Donahue

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

This Note examines how the creation and implementation of a federal extreme risk protection order (ERPO) statute would impact federal investigations, mass shooting prevention, and the reduction of firearm deaths at large. While ERPOs exist in several states, there is currently no federal statutory scheme to allow federal law enforcement agencies to pursue ERPOs against citizens at risk of harming themselves or others with firearms. By examining the current legal landscape of state-level ERPOs, federal agencies’ investigatory procedures and failures, constitutional and racial equity concerns, and industry best practices, this Note aims to explore what a federal ERPO statute could …

Eros, Again, Is Looking At Me Meltingly: The Role Of Vision In Archaic Lyric And Hellenistic Epigram, Ruth Patterson

Classical Studies Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Viral Hepatitis As A Public Health Concern: A Review About The Situation In Iraq From 2021-2023, Muthanna Abdulkareem, Yousif Abdulraheem, Sahar Dhaher, Hussein Naji

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

Background: Viral hepatitis, caused by distinct viruses (Hepatitis AVirus , Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus , Hepatitis D Virus, Hepatitis E Virus, and Hepatitis G Virus), is a major public health concern. In Iraq, many cases remain asymptomatic or underdiagnosed, making the true burden difficult to assess. Highlighting its impact is essential for informed public health action.Objectives: To determine the pattern of viral hepatitis from all Iraqi governorates-through the period of study-from the first May 2021 to the 30th of April 2023.Methods:A retrospective study of people infected with viral hepatitis through the records available in the main Community Disease …

Rates Of Aki And Evaluation Of Estimated Gfr In Covid-19 Patients, Jafar Alsalamy, Arif Malik

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

BackgroundCovid 19 was reported in Wuhan China in 2019, it is the third coronavirus infecting people from animals, increasing evidence indicate that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is companied by renal dysfunction.ObjectiveTo evaluate the rate of acute kidney injury in patient diagnosed with covid 19 through serial evaluation of EGFR using the most accurate equation and serial changes in urine output and serum creatinine in order to elicit the diagnosis of acute kidney injury.Patients and MethodsOne hundred patients were randomly selected from isolation centers and consultation clinic and were followed in a period of 2 weeks and evaluated for the occurrence …

Turner V. Jp Morgan Chase Bank National Association

All Decisions

In this illegal lockout proceeding, the Civil Court of the City of New York, Kings County, following an inquest due to the landlord-respondents' non-appearance, awarded a final judgment of possession to the tenant-petitioner. The court found that the tenant was unlawfully deprived of possession when the apartment doors were sealed. The landlord was ordered to provide the tenant with a key and remove structures barring entry, allowing access to belongings. Full possession is contingent upon the lifting of an HPD vacate order, which was issued due to the landlord's failure to maintain essential services like heat and hot water.

335 E. 70th Realty Inc. V. Potente

All Decisions

Court denied plaintiff-landlord's motion to dismiss defendant-tenant's counterclaim under New York's Anti-SLAPP Law (Civil Rights Law §§ 70-a and 76-a) in this civil action for damages. Court granted defendant-tenant's motion to stay the civil damages action under CPLR 2201 pending resolution of a parallel nuisance holdover proceeding between the same parties, finding that the holdover determination would likely dispose of or substantially limit the issues in the damages action.

Evolution As Spatial Projection, Charles H. Smith, Ngoc Nguyen

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

A theory combining explanations for the nature of three-dimensional systems and evolutionary processes is advanced, set to a geometric simulation, and then discussed in the context of several empirical studies bearing on its validity. The concept “evolution” is first discussed, then related to Baruch de Spinoza’s ideas on natural philosophy, including his concept of the conatus. These ideas are then extended by posing the possible existence of a general form of natural systems subsystemization leading to the extended space condition. A geometrical/topological simulation study projecting spatial relations among subsystem structures interpretable through entropy maximization and multidimensional scaling methods is presented, …

The Epidemic Of Unsheltered Men In The United States And Its Public Health Consequences: A National Public Health Priority, James E. Leone, Awo-Yusra H. Musa

Bridgewater Review

People experiencing homelessness refers to an individual or family lacking a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence and affects a diverse group of people in the United States (National Alliance to End Homelessness, 2025). This may include living on the streets, in cars, parks, or abandoned buildings as well as shelters, transitional housing, or people facing an imminent loss of housing without another identified residence (CDC, 2024). Homelessness affects all demographics ranging from age (youth and elderly) and ethnicity to gender and even class. Secondary to experiencing a lack of stable housing, individuals also face food scarcity, employment instability, and …

Columnas: The Honors Program Newsletter At Bentley University, Amanda Li, Wilson Jan, Michael Raphael, Alexandra Rieckehoff, Karina Wu, Michael Shehata, Nilufar Noorian, Eloise Weintraub

Honors Program

INSIDE THE MODERN WORLD

Page 2: Stepping Out by Amanda Li

Page 3: Inside the Corporate Slop Bowl by Wilson Jan

Page 4: The Silencing: An Evaluation of the Global Attacks on the Right to Protest by Michael Raphael

THE SOUND OF CHANGE

Page 5: The Social, Cultural, and Economic Impact of Bad Bunny by Alexandra Rieckehoff

Page 6: Streaming Changed Music, But Is It Fair to Artists? by Karina Wu

Page 7: Feeling the Music: How Haptic Wearables Are Changing the Way We Experience Sound by Michael Shehata

SHIFTING SYSTEMS

Page 8: The Story Behind Davos, One of the …

Writ And Roe: How And Why American Evangelicals Responded To Abortion And Roe V. Wade (1960-Present), Caiden Hooks

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Projects

Beginning in 1925, evangelical Protestants largely left American politics. During the late 1960s, the pro-life movement was a largely liberal, Roman Catholic cause focused on reversing liberal state abortion laws. After the Supreme Court's ruling on abortion in Roe v. Wade (1973), the political landscape changed dramatically. Over the next decade-and-a-half, evangelicals, including Southern Baptists, re-entered American politics, eventually becoming the face of the pro-life movement and the conservative Religious Right. Southern Baptists in particular, were motivated to join the pro-life movement by statements and material put out by prominent evangelicals, including books, documentaries, and biblical commentary material that laid …

That’S Class! Exploring The Class Dynamics In Ireland’S Creative Industries - Introduction From Editors, Caroline Ann O'Sullivan Dr, Ciara L. Murphy Dr

Irish Communication Review

This article introduces and contextualises this special edition of Vol 20 of the Irish Communications Review

Gendered Discourses And Classed Access Routes For Feminist Djs In Irish Subcultural Scenes, Andrea Cleary

Irish Communication Review

This article examines feminist collectives in Ireland’s electronic/dance music (E/DM) and music technology (MT) scenes, focusing on how gender and class intersect to shape access and participation. Drawing on thematic analysis of interviews with five collective members active between 2016 and 2025, it traces paths to participation from "musical homes" to instrument education to university DJ societies. To do this, it examines the overlapping family, cultural and subcultural capitals which shaped their journeys. Finally, this article considers the role of feminist collectives in creating alternative educational spaces and networks for women and gender minority participation in E/DM cultures.

“This Play Has Become Something That Isn’T For Us”: Working Class Identity, Canonical Inheritance, And The Girlo On Stage In That’S Sooo Povo!, Ciara L. Murphy Dr

Irish Communication Review

That’s Sooo Povo! was first produced in 2025 as part of the Dublin Fringe Festival by D’Girlos Theatre Company. The play follows Chantelle and Croía, two working class Dublin drama students who, when faced with partnering up to perform a scene from Sean O’Casey’s The Plough and the Stars (1926), end up summoning the “drag-drenched larger-than-life entity” Queen Povo (That’s Sooo Povo! | Fringe Festival, 2025). This companion piece firstly aims to examine how O'Casey's The Plough and the Stars has made a journey from subversive class critique to nostalgic institutional property, and what it means for working class women …

‘It’S The Best Person For The Job’: Gendering Logic And The Hiring Practices Of Music Organisations In Ireland, Yvonne Kiely Dr

Irish Communication Review

Despite calls for reform in the allocation of jobs in music industries, little is known about how music organisations operate internally and the day-to-day realities that male and female workers must navigate. Findings of bullying and harassment in the arts sector by the Irish Theatre Institute prompted the Irish government in 2022 to issue a set of recommendations aimed at reforming the working conditions and gender divisions of labour of arts sector organisations under its remit. These recommendations were made in the absence of academic studies of music organisations in Ireland, and in the absence of centralised data about these …

Secondary Dual Language And Immersion Content Teachers And Their Instructional Materials, Curtis Larsen

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Theses and Dissertations

Secondary dual language and immersion (DLI) teachers who teach content courses, such as social studies or science, balance two central responsibilities: meeting content-area standards and supporting students’ language development (Cammarata & Tedick, 2012). Managing these responsibilities presents challenges when preparing and using instructional materials in languages other than English (Moate, 2014; Morton, 2013; Skinnari, 2020; Sun, 2017). While existing research shows that DLI teachers expend enormous energy seeking and preparing instructional materials for their content-area classes (Mathieu, 2022), little is known about the factors that guide this work or how well existing materials meet teachers’ needs. This dissertation sought to …

The Ten Commandments, Stripped Of Slavery, Exodus & Jubilee, Christopher D. Hampson

Washington and Lee Law Review Online

The Ten Commandments are back on public classroom walls and in federal court, after several states passed new laws requiring school districts to post the text. As attorneys, judges, and amici debate whether First Amendment law has changed enough since Stone v. Graham in 1980 to allow the posting of the ancient religious text, this Essay comes at the situation from an entirely different angle. The precise text proposed by the states might be a good example of “ceremonial deism,” but it removes biblical law from biblical narrative – and, in doing so, unsets the Ten Commandments from their original …

Scraping Bad: The Case For A Unified Scraping Framework, Eunchong Moses Park

Washington and Lee Law Review Online

This Note explores the growing legal and regulatory landscapes of web scraping in the United States and argues that web scraping should be regulated through a unified federal framework tailored to its unique technological and economic realities. Web scraping allows organizations to collect massive amounts of data essential to their operational needs—often without the consent of data holders. Thus, web scraping has become a powerful engine of innovation used across virtually every sector of the economy but with a serious risk to privacy and property interests. Yet the current U.S. legal framework lacks a coherent regulating structure. Courts and litigants …

Life, Liberty, And The Pursuit Of A Sustainable Catch: Using Maine's Right To Food To Encourage Sustainability In The Lobster Industry, Emma Rodgers

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Every year, millions of sharks, turtles, whales, and other marine life are swept up in fishing gear never meant for them. This collateral damage, known as by-catch, is a persistent and deadly problem in the fishing industry. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) estimates that around 38 million tonnes of global marine catch each year—40% of all fish pulled from the ocean—is unintended by-catch. Unfortunately, the WWF approximation of annual by-catch likely underestimates the proper amount of by-catch because their estimation includes little information on large marine animals, such as turtles and cetaceans which are also caught in the by-catch process. …

Now You Sea Me, Now You Don't: A "Climate Displacement Equity" Framework For Sinking Nations, Meera S. Aiyer

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are a unique set of states that are disproportionately impacted by climate change impacts and are highly vulnerable to economic, cultural, and environmental harms. While many are islands, SIDS also include non-island states populated with predominately coastal communities. The United Nations recognizes 39 sovereign states and 18 associate members as SIDS. SIDS account for over 1,000 islands across the globe, but the total population across them amounts to 65 million people, less than one percent of the global population. SIDS contribute less than one percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, the main cause of modern-day …

The Vicious Cycle Of 'Disaster-Recovery-Disaster' And Sids: Lessons From The Icj Advisory Proceedings On Climate Change, Chhaya Bhardwaj

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

The core argument of this Article is that the current theoretical and legal frameworks are insufficient to fully comprehend the circumstances of the Small Islands Developing States (SIDS), which claim to be in a “constant state of recovery or disaster.” The SIDS continue to suffer, as the extreme climate events become more frequent, severe, and compounding. The existing theoretical and legal frameworks assume that every disaster that begins must end, as does the recovery period following the disaster. However, in the case of some SIDS, the disaster or recovery period never ends. For example, sometimes, another disaster strikes even before …

Climate Justice For Puerto Rico: The Right To Stay And Energy Sovereignty, Camila Bustos, Mercè Martí Exposito

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Following Hurricane María and subsequent disasters, Puerto Rico has experienced displacement, infrastructure collapse, and intensified economic exploitation through austerity policies championed as part of a disaster capitalist agenda. Climate change threatens self-determination globally, but its impacts are amplified by asymmetrical power relations. For Puerto Rico, climate vulnerability cannot be separated from colonial subordination. The Trump administration’s contemptuous response to María, PROMESA’s imposition of austerity, and the redirection of renewable energy funding toward fossil fuel infrastructure—each reveals how climate injustice compounds colonial injustice.

Drawing on international human rights law—particularly the rights to self-determination and to stay—we examine how Puerto Ricans assert …

The Resilience Of What, Exactly, To What, Exactly, Along The Coast? Adapting To More Than Just Human Migration, Robin Kundis Craig

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

The world’s coastlines are changing as a result of climate change and ocean acidification, creating drivers of human adaptation efforts— efforts that may increasingly include migration inland. Rising sea levels tend to get most of the attention as coastal migration drivers, because they represent the force most likely to physically push residents away from the coast through inundation, coastal erosion, and/or destruction of coastal water supplies.

However, climate change and ocean acidification are also changing the world’s coasts ecologically, and these ecological changes also drive coastal adaptation, testing the adaptative capacity and ecological resilience of coastal communities. This Article examines …

Of Mangroves And Men: Mobilizing Legal Innovations To Protect Coastal Communities From Climate Displacement, Sarah Dorman, Monica Iyer, Kelsey Jost-Creegan

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Around the world, there is growing concern that phenomena related to climate change may render coastal areas unlivable in the coming years and decades. Scientific projections indicate that with high greenhouse gas emissions, sea levels may rise upwards of 6 feet by 2100. Studies repeatedly warn that—absent steep and urgent global emissions reductions— places where hundreds of millions of people currently live will be below projected high tide lines for 2100.

In many coastal areas, climate change often impacts historically marginalized, racialized, and low-income communities first and worst. Such communities are often located in more vulnerable areas like flood plains. …

The Federal Trust Responsibility In An Era Of Coastal Retreat: Climate Relocation, Fiduciary Governance, And The Future Of Tribal Self-Determination, Samuel Kohn

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Climate-driven displacement is no longer a speculative concern for Indian Country. Across our country, from Alaska, to the Gulf Coast, and the Pacific Northwest, Tribal communities confront accelerating erosion, sea-level rise, permafrost thaw, and chronic flooding that threaten not just individual structures, but the territorial foundations of Tribal sovereignty itself. Schools, clinics, water systems, housing, and transportation networks are increasingly exposed to conditions that render continued habitation unsafe or impossible. These impacts do not present as isolated disasters; they manifest as cumulative, slow-onset processes that erode the capacity of Tribal governments to govern in place.

This Symposium Essay advances the …

Cyclones Of Crime: How Environmental Degradation In Haiti Strengthens Gangs In Governmental Power Vacuums And How The International Community Can Respond Beyond Military Intervention, Stephanie Minor

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

In Haiti, the ground beneath people’s feet, both politically and literally, has never stopped shifting, as cycles of gang violence and environmental disasters feed each other in a relentless spiral of instability. This Note intends to be an analysis of the cycle of gang violence and environmental disasters, along with possible legal and organizational solutions. It begins with a very brief historical analysis of how the situation has progressed from state creation to present day and how Haiti’s colonial past shaped its current governance problems. At its creation in 1804, Haiti became the first state founded by enslaved persons through …