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Welcome Tilly Norwood: Forecasting Hollywood’S Ai Policy Futures, Samuel P. Rooker May 2026

Welcome Tilly Norwood: Forecasting Hollywood’S Ai Policy Futures, Samuel P. Rooker

Senior Honors Projects, 2020-current

In late 2025, weekly trade publication Variety Magazine reported on the announcement of a new acting talent in Hollywood: Tilly Norwood. Norwood is an industry outsider and the pet project of Eline Van der Velden, who unveiled the actress’ existence to the world at the Zurich Film Festival. The announcement quickly gained media coverage while Van der Velden has since faced cyclical backlash from Hollywood trade unions, which does not seem entirely without reason. Tilly Norwood is a digital persona, a generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) program, designed by Van der Velden’s novel AI talent studio, Xicoia, to become the next …


Adapting Genderlect Styles: Toward A Genderlect Spectrum Model (Gsm), Lauren Shepard May 2026

Adapting Genderlect Styles: Toward A Genderlect Spectrum Model (Gsm), Lauren Shepard

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

Traditional models of gender communication studies have often conceptualized communicative behavior through binary distinctions between masculine and feminine interactional styles. While foundational frameworks such as Deborah Tannen’s Genderlect Styles theory provided important insight into culturally learned communication patterns, contemporary scholarship increasingly suggests that communication is fluid, context-dependent, and shaped by overlapping social and relational influences. In response, this study developed and evaluated the Genderlect Spectrum Model (GSM), a multidimensional framework that reconceptualizes communicative tendencies as independent, co-occurring spectrums rather than mutually exclusive categories.

Grounded in interactional sociolinguistics, performativity theory, and intersectional perspectives on gender and communication, the study employed a …


Pan-Africanism’S Mayflower: The Azor’S 1878 Voyage To Liberia, Andrew Simon May 2026

Pan-Africanism’S Mayflower: The Azor’S 1878 Voyage To Liberia, Andrew Simon

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

Pan-Africanist thought is widely associated with the twentieth century writings of Marcus Garvey and W. E. B. Du Bois, but the depth of its roots has been underappreciated.  Although the broad consensus among nineteenth-century African Americans was that they should fight to be recognized as rightful members of U.S. society, some advocated an exodus to Africa in the years before the U.S. Civil War.

Following the war, governments’ retreat from the promises of equal citizenship in the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments led some African Americans to believe that emigration to Liberia was the only way to secure their political …


Degrees Of Access: The Role Of Family Education In Applying To Graduate School, Emma Tweed May 2026

Degrees Of Access: The Role Of Family Education In Applying To Graduate School, Emma Tweed

Math and Computer Science Honors Theses

Access to graduate education in the United States remains heavily stratified by structural, financial, and informational barriers. While undergraduate first-generation student outcomes are widely studied, fewer structural analyses examine how graduate-level “educational inheritance” shapes prospective applicants' navigational capital, particularly within competitive STEM fields like mathematics. Drawing upon theories of social capital and the “hidden curriculum,” this study investigates the relationship between an individual's knowledge of the graduate school application process and the highest level of education attained by an immediate family member.

Using the Knowledge-GAP survey instrument funded by the National Science Foundation, data were collected from a diverse sample …


“Parties Vs. The People” Reconsidering The Voting Mechanisms That Entrench A Bi-Party System In American Democracy, John A. Guthrie May 2026

“Parties Vs. The People” Reconsidering The Voting Mechanisms That Entrench A Bi-Party System In American Democracy, John A. Guthrie

Honors Scholar Theses

This thesis argues that while the founders accepted factions as inevitable within a free republic, the rise of plurality voting and the modern two-party system has distorted the constitutional balance they envisioned. By examining the emergence of America’s first political parties and the evolution of electoral systems, this thesis contends that electoral reforms such as ranked-choice, approval, and STAR voting may better preserve republican representation and reduce partisan domination.


From Lived Experience To Essential Understanding: A Phenomenological Study Of Instructional Coaches’ Lived Experiences, Lindsey Reynolds May 2026

From Lived Experience To Essential Understanding: A Phenomenological Study Of Instructional Coaches’ Lived Experiences, Lindsey Reynolds

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Instructional coaching is frequently positioned as a central strategy for improving teaching and learning. While existing research has examined the structural ambiguity and relational complexity of the role, less attention has been given to how instructional coaches experience the emotional demands embedded within their work. This interpretive phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of three public school instructional coaches in a single district to better understand how emotional labor operates within instructional coaching. Through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and hermeneutic analysis, the study examined how participants described and made meaning of the emotional dimensions of their role.

Findings indicate that emotional …


Deployable Shelter Systems For Emergency Response Using Scissor Mechanism, Farzad Saeidi May 2026

Deployable Shelter Systems For Emergency Response Using Scissor Mechanism, Farzad Saeidi

Hospitality Design Graduate Student Capstones

This thesis investigates the architectural potential of deployable scissor-based structures as rapid-response shelter systems for emergency, post-disaster, and transitional recovery contexts. While deployable systems are often valued for speed and compactness, this research frames deployability as a broader architectural capacity that integrates structural performance, transportability, constructability, habitability, and adaptability to uncertain environmental and social conditions.


Feasibility Of Staff Training In Facilitating Affirmative Moving With Unhoused Lgbtq+ Individuals, Sujin Ma May 2026

Feasibility Of Staff Training In Facilitating Affirmative Moving With Unhoused Lgbtq+ Individuals, Sujin Ma

Expressive Therapies Dissertations

Homelessness-service environments require non-clinical frontline staff to manage frequent crises and provide relational support to sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals with extensive trauma and minority stress histories. However, staff training often prioritizes didactic knowledge over embodied skills that support emotional regulation, attunement, and identity-affirming engagement. Grounded in trauma-informed care, minority stress theory, and somatic learning, this mixed-methods study examined the feasibility and preliminary patterns of change associated with an embodied staff training designed to prepare non-clinical workers to facilitate Affirmative Moving (AM), a brief movement-based, LGBTQ+-affirming support group model.

The study was conducted between July and September 2025 at …


The Effect Of A Rehabilitation Program Supported By Suspension Training Straps Among Tennis Players With Medial Elbow Muscle Tendon Injuries, Mustafa Muhammad Ali Farhan May 2026

The Effect Of A Rehabilitation Program Supported By Suspension Training Straps Among Tennis Players With Medial Elbow Muscle Tendon Injuries, Mustafa Muhammad Ali Farhan

Modern Sport

The objective of this study is to design a rehabilitation program involving the use of suspension training straps and find out whether it helps improve the range of motion for injuries of the medial elbow muscle tendons. It is assumed that there exist statistically significant differences between the pre-tests and post-tests concerning the range of motion in the elbow joint, in favor of the post-test results. The experimental approach is used, with the adoption of the single-group pre-test/post-test experimental design. The research population includes seniors tennis players that have sustained injuries to their medial elbow muscle tendons at Middle Euphrates …


The Impact Of The Dual-Task Strategy On Improving Specific Sensory Abilities And Long Jump Performance Among Specialized School Athletes, Lina Ali Sheer Khan, Suhad Haseeb Abd El Hamid, Khitam Mousa Ay May 2026

The Impact Of The Dual-Task Strategy On Improving Specific Sensory Abilities And Long Jump Performance Among Specialized School Athletes, Lina Ali Sheer Khan, Suhad Haseeb Abd El Hamid, Khitam Mousa Ay

Modern Sport

This research contains four chapters, including an introduction and its significance. The research problem arises from the researchers' extensive professional and practical experience as former athletes and instructors, their experience in field athletics, their observations of jumpers' performance and their own review of scientific sources and studies concerning the long jumps. The study aimed to examine the effect of the dual-task strategy on developing certain sensory abilities and improving long jump performance among specialized school athletes. The researchers used an experimental method based on a one-group pretest–post-test design. The research sample consisted of six long jump athletes from specialized schools. …


Thomas Mann’S Unbound Bodies: A Formal Analysis Of Disease In The Magic Mountain, Julia Shi May 2026

Thomas Mann’S Unbound Bodies: A Formal Analysis Of Disease In The Magic Mountain, Julia Shi

Student Theses and Dissertations

My senior thesis argues that disease is a formal element in Thomas Mann’s novel, The Magic Mountain, through the lens of a newly theorized genre: the “Bindungsroman” (“binding-novel”). The scholar Jonas Rosenbrück proposed the Bindungsroman as the successor genre to the Bildungsroman after the latter fell out of public favor after World War I.  Whereas the Bildungsroman narrates its hero’s maturation as a process of integration into society, the Bindungsroman’s hero is ontologically unstable and does not achieve normative resolution. This paper examines The Magic Mountain’s protagonist’s development as defined by the doubled play of binding and …


War Photography & The Limits Of Empathy, Andrea Shi May 2026

War Photography & The Limits Of Empathy, Andrea Shi

Student Theses and Dissertations

The proliferation of photography, particularly war and poverty photography, has had massive implications for the level of vividness with which Americans are able to picture suffering beyond their doors. The mass atrocities that have occurred since the advent of photography – that is to say, the last 200 years – are so relentlessly circulated that they feel, sometimes, as an inevitable byproduct of human nature. It’s not surprising, then, that a lot of media theory and analysis reduce the dilemma of atrocity photographs to a psychological level. Do they numb us, or do they incite empathy? Are they a call …


A Cross-Cultural Analysis Of Mukbang Influencers In China And The United States: Food, Identity, And Cultural Values, Anni Zhang May 2026

A Cross-Cultural Analysis Of Mukbang Influencers In China And The United States: Food, Identity, And Cultural Values, Anni Zhang

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Mukbang, a type of online eating broadcast which originated in South Korea, has become a widely popular form of digital media practice across different platforms. Although existing studies have examined Mukbang from perspectives such as audience psychology, health concerns, and platform economies, fewer studies have focused on how Mukbang influencers communicate cultural meanings and identity through food-related media contents in different cultural contexts. To address this gap, this study conducts a cross-cultural analysis of Mukbang influencers in China and the United States, focusing on how food, identity, and cultural values are represented in digital media environments.

This research adopts an …


Awards Ceremony: Class Of 2026, Notre Dame Law School May 2026

Awards Ceremony: Class Of 2026, Notre Dame Law School

Commencement Programs

On Friday, May 15, Notre Dame Law School recognized its graduating students at the annual Awards Ceremony. Awards were presented for academic achievement, including Honor Roll, Dean’s Circle, Faculty Excellence, and Program of Study distinctions, as well as for excellence in writing, trial advocacy, and moot court. Students were also celebrated for their service to Notre Dame, their classmates, and the broader community. Below, we highlight a selection of this year’s awards and recipients. Read the full news story here.


Modernidad, Heterogeneidad Y Utopía En Todas Las Sangres De José María Arguedas, Matthew J. Adams Jr May 2026

Modernidad, Heterogeneidad Y Utopía En Todas Las Sangres De José María Arguedas, Matthew J. Adams Jr

Spanish Honors Papers

This project analyzes José María Arguedas’s novel Todas las sangres (1964), focusing on the sociological and utopian dimensions that were explicitly questioned during the roundtable discussion on the novel held at the Instituto de Estudios Peruanos (IEP) on June 23, 1965. In that forum, participants offered pointed critiques of the plausibility of the social reality represented in Arguedas’s narrative. Moving beyond these objections, I argue that the literary reality Arguedas constructs—through what Antonio Cornejo-Polar has conceptualized as the “choral novel”—captures the enduring force of the colonial legacy and the historically and culturally heterogeneous condition of Peruvian society, dimensions that the …


Contemporary U.S. Anthromes As Defined By Hanpp Regimes, Aishwarya Chandrasekaran, Kat F. Fowler, Christopher Lant May 2026

Contemporary U.S. Anthromes As Defined By Hanpp Regimes, Aishwarya Chandrasekaran, Kat F. Fowler, Christopher Lant

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

The concepts of anthromes and human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) are both valuable in understanding our human-dominated planet, yet they have never been integrated theoretically or empirically. Here we utilize an extensive county-level dataset on HANPP and its product-level components to derive, through cluster analysis, ten contemporary US anthromes. From highest to lowest density of harvested HANPP, the anthromes are: rainfed corn–soy, dairy fodder, spring wheat–small grain, dryland winter wheat, subtropical soy–cotton, commercial timber, mixed hardwood and pasture, recovered eastern forest, prairie–sagebrush rangeland, and arid and alpine sparse grazing. Expanding to thirteen anthromes maintains these, while bifurcating the …


Exclusionary Disciplinary Composition Outcomes: Schools With High African American Enrollments And Schools With Low African American Enrollments, Darrell A. Jones May 2026

Exclusionary Disciplinary Composition Outcomes: Schools With High African American Enrollments And Schools With Low African American Enrollments, Darrell A. Jones

Theses and Dissertations

Racial disparities in exclusionary disciplinary outcomes remain consistently documented across United States public schools, with African American (AA) students disproportionately represented in in-school suspension (ISS) and out-of-school suspension (OSS) outcomes. The purpose of this quantitative comparative study was to examine whether statistically significant differences existed between (a) the percentage of students receiving ISS who were AA and (b) the percentage of students receiving OSS who were AA in selected Mississippi public high schools with high AA enrollment (≥70%) and low AA enrollment (≤30%) during the 2022–2023 and 2023–2024 academic years. The study utilized archival, publicly available, school-level discipline and enrollment …


Why Become A Teacher? Perspectives From Undergraduate Students Majoring In Secondary Mathematics Education, Benjamin E. Jordan May 2026

Why Become A Teacher? Perspectives From Undergraduate Students Majoring In Secondary Mathematics Education, Benjamin E. Jordan

Theses and Dissertations

This qualitative dissertation was an exploration of the motivations and factors influencing undergraduate students to pursue a degree in secondary mathematics education through traditional route teacher preparation programs. Grounded in a pragmatic theoretical framework, the researcher attempted to respond to increasing teacher shortages by seeking to understand why students continue to choose the teaching profession despite documented challenges. Prior research indicated two driving forces students consider when choosing a major: intrinsic influences and extrinsic factors. Semi-structured interviews with six undergraduate students from three Southeastern Conference, R1 land-grant universities were conducted. Four academic advisors from four Southeastern Conference, R1 land-grant universities, …


Body Swaps, Prophetic Dreams, And The Angel Of Destruction: Agency And Narration In Mary Shelley’S Short Stories And Revisions To Frankenstein, Meg Mcdougal May 2026

Body Swaps, Prophetic Dreams, And The Angel Of Destruction: Agency And Narration In Mary Shelley’S Short Stories And Revisions To Frankenstein, Meg Mcdougal

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates Mary Shelley’s later bibliography, focusing on several of her short stories published around the 1831 revisions to Frankenstein. This study investigates Shelley’s techniques to present the agency of each of her protagonists through various techniques of narration, including points of view, methods of storytelling, and usage of voice. Comparing three of Shelley’s short stories creates a throughline of agency and narration in tandem with the presence of the supernatural, and this throughline can be found exclusively in the 1831 edition of Frankenstein. Through this examination, Shelley’s later edition of her most famous work can be looked at …


Intersection Of Food Insecurity And Housing Among Veterans And Disabled Adults, Julie Anne Stepp May 2026

Intersection Of Food Insecurity And Housing Among Veterans And Disabled Adults, Julie Anne Stepp

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines how housing tenure is associated with food insecurity (FI) among veterans and adults with disabilities, utilizing the housing-food insecurity nexus framework. Previous research documents elevated FI among veterans and individuals with disabilities, yet few studies assess housing tenure as a mechanism connecting these statuses to food hardship. Using data from the 2024 National Health Interview Survey Adult Sample (n=32,629), logistic regression models estimate the independent and interactive effects of renting, veteran status, and disability status on FI. Results suggest renters have significantly higher odds of FI than homeowners, even after adjusting for poverty status, SNAP participation, and …


Tracing Hazing Across Adolescence: Examining How Prior Hazing Experiences Shape Hazing Motivation And Tolerance Among Newly Initiated Ifc Fraternity Members, John Michael Vanhorn May 2026

Tracing Hazing Across Adolescence: Examining How Prior Hazing Experiences Shape Hazing Motivation And Tolerance Among Newly Initiated Ifc Fraternity Members, John Michael Vanhorn

Theses and Dissertations

Hazing remains pervasive and underreported, disproportionately affecting adolescent and emerging adult men, particularly within athletic teams and fraternity contexts. Although hazing is most often studied within collegiate organizations, many students encounter hazing behaviors prior to college, yet little is known about how these early experiences shape later hazing perceptions, motivations, tolerance, and masculine norms. Grounded in Bronfenbrenner’s Process-Person-Context-Time (PPCT) model, this dissertation conceptualizes hazing as a developmental process shaped by repeated social interactions, individual characteristics, contextual environments, and time across adolescence and emerging adulthood. Using a two-paper approach with a quantitative, longitudinal survey design, study 1 examined fraternity new members’ …


Experimental Investigation Of The Effectiveness Of Various Stitching Methods On Arresting Mode-Ii Interlaminar Damage Propagation In Geometrically-Scaled Stitched Resin-Infused Composites, Allison Jean White May 2026

Experimental Investigation Of The Effectiveness Of Various Stitching Methods On Arresting Mode-Ii Interlaminar Damage Propagation In Geometrically-Scaled Stitched Resin-Infused Composites, Allison Jean White

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents an experimental and analytical investigation of mode-II interlaminar fracture in geometrically-scaled quasi-isotropic resin-infused composites, with emphasis on through-thickness stitching as reinforcement. A global-local framework integrating load-displacement response, size effect fracture energy analysis, and digital image correlation-based separation measurements enabled direct comparison between unstitched and stitched configurations. Unstitched laminates exhibited pseudo-ductile behavior but significant post-peak load drops (16.7–26.8%) and a small fracture process zone (FPZ) of 0.73 mm, limiting stable crack growth. Stitching preserved pre-peak stiffness while reducing post-peak load drops by 43–95%, increasing effective fracture energy by 39.7% (to 2.413 N/mm), and expanding the FPZ to 2.85 …


Radical-Humanistic Institutionalism Ir Theory—Reimagining Neoliberal Institutions To Improve The Upholding Of Human Dignity And Flourishing, Jonathan Wallace Myers, Jennifer Ramos May 2026

Radical-Humanistic Institutionalism Ir Theory—Reimagining Neoliberal Institutions To Improve The Upholding Of Human Dignity And Flourishing, Jonathan Wallace Myers, Jennifer Ramos

Honors Thesis

This paper explores a thought experiment regarding the international system's nature and its potential for improvement and reconstruction. It is grounded in two inquiries: (1) how state dynamics influence actors in an interconnected international system, and (2) whether hegemony and realism, which foster combative dynamics in international anarchy, can be transcended for more productive relations. The realist foundation of international relations prioritizes state security over individual security, shaping even the most human-centered neoliberal institutions like the United Nations and the International Criminal Court. The rise of far-right populism in the Western world has led to many state-created institutions failing to …


Class Of 2026 Hooding Of Candidates For The Degree Of Juris Doctor And Advanced Degrees, Southern Methodist University, Dedman School Of Law May 2026

Class Of 2026 Hooding Of Candidates For The Degree Of Juris Doctor And Advanced Degrees, Southern Methodist University, Dedman School Of Law

Law School Commencement / Hooding Programs, 1942-present

No abstract provided.


Reducing Maternal Morbidity In Black Women In Massachusetts, Priya Thorat May 2026

Reducing Maternal Morbidity In Black Women In Massachusetts, Priya Thorat

Capstones

Racial disparities in severe maternal morbidity (SMM) represent a persistent and preventable public health crisis in Massachusetts. Black women experience SMM at two to three times the rate of White women, disparities driven primarily by structural racism, fragmented perinatal care, and unaddressed social determinants of health rather than individual clinical risk. This systematic review examines the evidence supporting Community Health Worker (CHW) home visiting programs as a targeted intervention to reduce racial disparities in SMM among Black MassHealth enrollees, and evaluates the policy mechanisms necessary to sustain this intervention at scale. For this systematic review, peer-reviewed literature published between 2020 …


Realizing Reality — C.S. Lewis And The Hierarchical Model Of Christian Neo-Platonism, Jordan Spina May 2026

Realizing Reality — C.S. Lewis And The Hierarchical Model Of Christian Neo-Platonism, Jordan Spina

Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation

Spina, Jordan, H. “Realizing Reality: C.S. Lewis and the Hierarchical Model of Christian Neo-Platonism.” Ph.D. diss., Concordia Seminary, 2025. 253.

In recent years there has been a growing interest in C.S. Lewis’ intellectual relationship to the Medieval cosmological model. Scholars have demonstrated that, for Lewis, the Medieval cosmological model represented more than a scientific picture of earth in relation to other heavenly bodies. Its significance was not dependent upon the number of planets or the order in which they were positioned. Instead, it represented a philosophically robust view of reality

However, what has yet to be demonstrated is the roadmap …


Tell Thy Story: The Jew As Other In "Pericles", Dov B. Rabinowitz May 2026

Tell Thy Story: The Jew As Other In "Pericles", Dov B. Rabinowitz

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

This paper attempts to address a perceived blind spot in criticism of early modern literature, namely, the lack of critical race readings centering the othering of Jews in early modern drama. Shakespeare’s Pericles is used as an example of characters being othered, or Judaized, as they pass through city to city. Historical data, such as the history of the Domus Conversorum in England where converted Jews were kept, is used to bolster this argument, with Thaisa being read as othered in a Judaized way by being kept in a religious institution and never truly accepted by the people of Ephesus. …


Cold Plasma Treatment Of Hydroponically Grown Basil: Effects On Essential Oil Composition For Sustainable Applications (Ocimum Basilicum), Judith Serwaa Marfo May 2026

Cold Plasma Treatment Of Hydroponically Grown Basil: Effects On Essential Oil Composition For Sustainable Applications (Ocimum Basilicum), Judith Serwaa Marfo

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Abstract Essential oils are known to have medicinal benefits and pharmaceutical applications. This study investigates the impact of cold plasma treatment on hydroponically cultivated basil (Ocimum basilicum), focusing on physical growth traits, and essential oil composition. Preliminary trials validated our solvent extraction protocol using IPA, hexanes, and methanol without heat on store-bought basil. Rotary evaporation and GC-FID analysis successfully identified key compounds; eugenol, estragole, eucalyptol, and linalool. Plasma-treated hydroponic plants exhibited enhanced physical characteristics, including larger leaves and intensified green pigmentation, compared to untreated controls under identical conditions. The plasma treatment didn't just increase how much oil was extracted, but …


Leading Beyond Concrete Ceilings: The Lived Experiences Of African American Women Presidents At Predominantly White Institutions, Marsha Philemon May 2026

Leading Beyond Concrete Ceilings: The Lived Experiences Of African American Women Presidents At Predominantly White Institutions, Marsha Philemon

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Despite their significant educational attainment, African American women remain significantly underrepresented in higher education presidential leadership, comprising fewer than 5% of presidents at Predominantly White Institutions (PWIs). The purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine the lived experiences of 13 African American women who serve or have served as presidents of four-year, doctoral-granting PWIs. It explored how they ascended to the presidency, navigated barriers, and sustained themselves in the role. Guided by the engagement, retention, and advancement (ERA) model and by glass ceiling theory, semi-structured interviews were conducted to better understand each participant’s presidential journey. In response to the …


Exploring Practicing Registered Eeg Technologies' Opinions And Preferences Regarding Electroencephalographic Scope Of Practice Standard Forms Of Occupational Regulations, Richard A. Steer May 2026

Exploring Practicing Registered Eeg Technologies' Opinions And Preferences Regarding Electroencephalographic Scope Of Practice Standard Forms Of Occupational Regulations, Richard A. Steer

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Abstract Background: Neurodiagnostic (NDT) is the study and recording of electrical activity in the central and peripheral nervous systems, it is essential for providing critical information that can aid in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders. EEGs are the most frequently performed NDT procedures. The proportion of hospitalizations involving EEG use increased by 122.7% from 2003 to 2014, an average increase of 11.2% annually and continues to grow. The rate of rEEG use increased by 49.4% over 11 years (4.5% annually), while cEEG use increased by 302.3% (27.5% annually) (Bernheimer et al., 2018). Under existing law, the EEG profession …