Digital Commons Network^™

The Impact Of Photo-Id Laws On The Youth Electorate, Jakob A. Burdick

Honors Theses

Voting access among young adults has become an increasingly important issue in recent U.S. elections, particularly as turnout among voters aged 18–24 has risen in several recent election cycles. However, this age group faces unique challenges to the voting system, many of which are overlooked or intentionally written in a way to limit their participation. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study will analyze both quantitative data, such as voter turnout statistics, and qualitative data, including survey responses from college students at the University of Dayton. The survey will employ both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods, allowing for the analysis …

The Supreme Court Vs. Federal Prosecutors, Scott Ingram

Et Cetera

For the past forty years, the United States Supreme Court and federal prosecutors have waged an ongoing battle over statutory interpretation. As federal prosecutors have applied broad statutory interpretations to a variety of offenses, the Supreme Court, in a rare show of unanimity, have pushed back by interpreting the statutes narrowly. Throughout this process, the Supreme Court has employed a variety of rationales to support the narrow interpretations. Beginning with federalism concerns, the Court has more recently turned to fears about arbitrary and politically-motivated prosecutions. This article traces the evolution of this battle and concludes with insights about its future …

Public Means Public: A Call For Amendment Of The Copyright Act Of 1976'S Public Display Right To Immunize Private Businesses From Unintentional Infringement, Lucy Greaney

Et Cetera

Private businesses increasingly face copyright liability and burdensome licensing fees under the Public Display Provision of the Copyright Act of 1976, despite engaging in activities that cannot be truly considered public. This Note examines the historical development of the Public Display Provision, analyzes case law involving public accommodations and semi-private entities, and explores the intersection between copyright enforcement and U.S. antitrust principles. It argues that Congress did not intend for private, employee-only business settings to fall within the scope of the Public Display Provision and that the current enforcement regime enables anticompetitive licensing practices by performing rights organizations. To resolve …

Politics, Preemption, And Minimum Labor Standards: The Union-Led Erosion Of The National Labor Relations Act, Alexander T. Macdonald

William & Mary Law Review Online

[Courts] should no longer ask simply whether a law is a “minimum labor standard.” Instead, they should look to context: They should ask whether the law skips or overrides some important part of the NLRA’s process. They should also ask whether the law was enacted for that purpose—whether it was meant to address some perceived gap in federal labor policy. If it was, they should look more closely. They should ask whether the law as applied contradicts Congress’s vision, either by taking away one side’s discretion or giving the other side new advantages. And if it does, they should find …

Improving Pneumococcal Immunization Counseling In Children With Systemic Lupus Erythematous, Sarah Dettmann

Doctoral Dissertations & Projects

Background: Pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) face elevated risk for invasive pneumococcal disease, yet fewer than 10% are estimated to be current on pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) recommendations.

Local Problem: This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to develop and implement a standardized pneumococcal immunization screening and counseling process in a pediatric rheumatology clinic.

Method: Three consecutive PDSA cycles guided implemention across a nine-week intervention period using a pre-post quasi-experimental design.

Interventions: A multicomponent strategy was employed, including a PCV decision algorithm, EHR Smart Phrase, PCP referral template, and patient education brochure.

Results: Pre-implementation PCV counseling was documented …

Recognition Without Authority? Why Vesting Government Recognition In The U.N. Credentials Committee Would Be A Mistake, Jorge Barrera-Rojas

Washington and Lee Law Review Online

When the legitimacy of a government is contested, courts, regional bodies, and states each decide independently who speaks for the state in law. In Recognition Rules, Justin Cole, Alaa Hachem, and Oona Hathaway argue that this fragmentation imposes real costs and propose to cure them by empowering the U.N. Credentials Committee to issue binding determinations of governmental authority across all international law contexts. This Article argues that, beyond Charter obstacles to such a reform, it would be a mistake. The effective-control criterion rewards actors who seize power by force over governments that retain democratic legitimacy; binding credentials decisions would …

Tzvia Wexler V. Charmaine Hawkins

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

The Continuing Specter Of Disease Tuberculosis In The Russian Federation, Joshua Farquhar

Global Insight

For the last two years, the public discussion surrounding global health has focused almost entirely on COVID-19. In the meantime, other historic and dangerous diseases have taken a backseat. Nevertheless, other endemics are worthy of discussion; these diseases, and potential lifesaving solutions, must also be granted attention if global progress on public health is to be achieved. This paper explores the tuberculosis endemic in the Russian Federation (RF), focusing mostly on multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB. While overall rates of tuberculosis have declined in Russia over the course of the 21st century, incidence is still far higher than in most nations, …

Redistricting And Voter Suppression In A Post-Pandemic America, Joshua Slatter

Global Insight

The 2020 election was a referendum on many pressing issues of the time. COVID-19, climate change, and civil unrest propelled Americans to the voting booth in unprecedented numbers, shattering previous turnout records for both previous Vice President Joe Biden and the incumbent Donald Trump. Biden and the Democratic Party field won, but narrowly. With the Democratic Party ostensibly holding only a slim majority in the House and the Vice Presidency as a tiebreaker in a dead-locked Senate, there have been large cries of a “stolen election” and “rampant voter fraud.” This has prompted several states, usually with Republican majorities, to …

Full Issue, Global Insight Editorial Team

Global Insight

No abstract provided.

The Abortion Debate In Post-Roe America, Umber Batool

Global Insight

This paper exhibits the argument surrounding the ethicality of abortion, its restrictive laws, and the makeup of child welfare organizations that may influence one’s decision whether or not to have an abortion. Abortion laws were unregulated in the US until the 1800s. Since then, laws have been changed many times, largely depending on the state the law has been ordained in. Texas’s recent passing of the abortion-restricting Senate Bill 8 in September 2021, as well as the national overturning of the 1973 abortion-permitting Roe v. Wade Supreme Court case in June 2022, have sparked debate on this topic. Defining and …

Propaganda In America How To Recognize And Defend Against It, Chae Balistreri

Global Insight

Corporations and governments use modern propaganda techniques to influence and manipulate the public, incurring social and environmental consequences which are compounding over time. This paper provides both historical and modern examples of propaganda, then highlights key issues that arise as a byproduct, such as planned obsolescence, astroturfing, and the internet filter bubble. Companies like Google and Facebook use proprietary algorithms to shape the internet as well as their users’ minds through dopamine-driven feedback loops. The effects of a consumer driven culture spill over into the environment, with plastic pollution and e-waste littering the shores of distant countries. This paper details …

Usa V. Randale Chapman

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Western District of Pennsylvania

Reflections On Judging At The Intersection Of Constitutional Claims And Public Policy, Kimberly J. Mueller

Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Dei Under Scrutiny: Doctrinal Shifts, Litigation Risk, And Emerging Threats To Civil Rights Law After Sffa, Richard J. Grad

Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy

For decades, private employers, nonprofits, and philanthropic institutions have implemented voluntary diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs to promote opportunity, mitigate bias, enhance organizational performance, and advance social justice. These initiatives were long understood to comply with civil rights law. But following Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard (SFFA), that understanding is steadily under attack.

Although SFFA's holding is confined to college admissions, the case's rhetoric has increasingly been appropriated in a broader campaign to dismantle DEI across sectors. Executive-branch actions, advocacy groups, state attorneys general, and private litigants have invoked SFFA's vision of colorblindness to …

Or Else: Statutes Without Sanctions And The Doctrine Of Meaningful Interpretation, Christian Davis

Washington and Lee Law Review Online

Mankind has been fashioning laws for millennia. And while the form and substance of laws vary widely across times and places, all laws are unified by a fundamental reality that transcends the particular legal and political institutions of the day. To put it simply: laws only work if someone is prepared to enforce them.

As arbiters of the American legal system, state and federal judges are aware that—in order for a law to have the conduct-influencing effect it was designed to have—it must be supported by some version of an “or else” clause, a punishment or penalty sufficient to dissuade …

Debtor's Objection To Committee Fees

Catholic Dioceses in Bankruptcy

No abstract provided.

"Of Good Blood In Good Standing”: Nation-Building And The Politics Of Belonging In The Stockbridge-Munsee Community, Caleb Molseed

Honors Theses

Between 1734 and 1856, the Stockbridge Mohicans and Munsee Lenape endured five major displacements from their ancestral homelands in Massachusetts and New York to their present-day reservation in Wisconsin. Despite shifting federal structures and nation-to-nation policies, these two distinct peoples formed a unified political entity: the Stockbridge-Munsee Community. This thesis examines the colonial systems that enabled, complicated, and recorded how this community engaged in their own nation-building through their interpretation and production of religious, economic, and political documents. This documentary culture is highlighted by the exclusion of John Lewis from the nation following his 1856 killing of a fellow tribal …

The Faces Behind “La Calle Principal”: The Economic Role Of Tourism In Shaping Local Livelihoods In Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Gabriella Alba

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Understanding the socioeconomic influences of a region is a complex endeavor, as many variables contribute to the fluctuations of an economic system, many of which intersect at the political and, in this case, ecological level. Specifically, this research aims to analyze tourism as one of those key factors to answer this question: How does tourism impact the socioeconomic livelihood of locals from La Isla de Santa Cruz, Galapagos? The Galapagos is a series of islands off the coast of Ecuador known for its rich ecological history as a site of scientific discovery. This has led to the archipelago’s extreme protection …

It Strategies Used To Implement Enterprise Resource Planning Systems, Michele Doverspike

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system implementation represents a significant challenge for small businesses, with failure rates that can lead to substantial financial losses and operational disruption. Information Technology (IT) managers in small businesses face a gap in evidence-based strategies tailored to their organizational context, increasing the risk of implementation failure and its associated financial and operational consequences. Grounded in general systems theory, the purpose of this qualitative multicase study was to explore the strategies IT managers use to implement ERP systems in small businesses in central Pennsylvania. The participants were six IT managers from small businesses in Pennsylvania who had …

Cameras Or Divers? How Baited Remote Underwater Videos And ‘Long Swims’ Underwater Visual Census Complement Each Other On Coral Reefs, Kennedy Osuka-Edeye, Melita Samoilys, Bryce D. Stewart, Colin J. Mcclean, Peter Musembi, Saleh Yahya

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Conventional methods for surveying coral reefs, such as underwater visual census (UVC), often underestimate large-bodied, mobile, or cryptic fish species due to limitations in diver mobility and visual detection. To address these limitations, rapid timed ‘Long Swim’ (LS) UVC protocols have been developed to better capture large predator assemblages, yet their performance relative to baited remote underwater videos (BRUV) remains poorly evaluated in topographically complex oceanic reef environments. This study provides the first site-specific comparison of BRUVS and LS-UVC protocols for predatory reef fish from nine selected families on the reefs of Pemba Island, Tanzania. To ensure robustness, we implemented …

Hbcus And Disparate Law School Rankings, Michael Conklin

Cleveland State Law Review

This Article measures the difference between perceptions of HBCU (Historically Black Colleges and Universities) law schools and their objective performance. This is conducted by comparing the disparities between each law school’s U.S. News & World Report subjective peer ranking and objective overall ranking. This novel methodology provides valuable insight into the role race plays in legal education and the practice of law. This comes at a critical juncture where issues such as the Supreme Court’s banning of race-conscious admissions, new findings regarding law school mismatch, the racially motivated rankings boycott, and the Trump administration’s aggressive targeting of colleges are all …

A Pervasive Principle And A Proposal For Postconviction Procedures: Res Judicata, Pro Se Petitions, And A Defendant's Right To Counsel In Ohio, Lila Robinson

Cleveland State Law Review

“A postconviction petition is very difficult to win.” This is especially true in Ohio. Many postconviction petitions are submitted by incarcerated pro se petitioners who draft and file petitions without the assistance of counsel, leaving the doctrine of res judicata free to overwhelm their claims and inhibit future relief. The American Bar Association advises states to impose a right to counsel in postconviction proceedings, and specifically at the early drafting and filing phase of postconviction litigation, to help remedy this issue. Ohio does not follow this suggestion. As a result, petitioners with valid claims of innocence or manifest injustice are …

The Retreat Of Federal Power And The Rise Of Post-Supremacy Federalism, Victoria Grace Litman

Cleveland State Law Review

This Article introduces the theory of post-supremacy federalism to describe a structural condition in which federal law remains formally binding, but enforcement has durably receded or collapsed. Unlike frameworks grounded in intergovernmental friction or negotiated cooperation, this account begins from federal retreat—the cumulative erosion of enforcement capacity across judicial, administrative, legislative, and executive institutions. Post-supremacy federalism arises when three conditions are met: (1) federal law remains intact; (2) enforcement retreats; and (3) no formal devolution occurs. In this vacuum, states are not merely filling gaps. They are governing by default—under laws that still bind but no longer structure governance in …

Evaluating Pre-Task Versus Post-Task Reinforcer Choice: A Replication And Extension Of Blackman (2023), Evan M. Lipsky

Thesis Projects

Discrete trial training (DTT) is an individualized method of instruction that is foundational to the clinical practice of Applied Behavior Analysis. When presenting choices for reinforcement during a DTT session, there appear to be two plausible options for when the client may choose: either before task completion or after task completion. The overall conclusion drawn by previous researchers was that the relative effectiveness of either condition may be idiosyncratic. The purpose of this present study was to replicate and extend Blackman (2023) teaching only new skill acquisition targets, using non-edible tangible reinforcers, and including preassessment data for all participants. Two …

“Music Is The Instrument To Bring The Heart Of A Community Together”: Frederic Balazs And The Tucson Symphony Orchestra, 1952-66, Jackie Bodily Biggs

Theses and Dissertations

The audience for classical music is declining, according to data from the National Endowment for the Arts. In the face of such challenges, aspiring music professionals may find inspiration in the musicological illumination of pertinent historical case studies. This paper offers one such example via a foundational exploration of the musical career of Hungarian American violinist, conductor, and composer Frederic Balazs. Though lacking any dedicated scholarly literature to speak of, Balazs’s legacy as the first full-time conductor of the Tucson Symphony Orchestra (TSO) from 1952 to 1966 included establishing arts organizations and nourishing the classical tradition at its very grass …

Domain-Specific Fine-Tuning Of Neural Machine Translation For Georgian Religious Texts, Jacob Brent Fisher

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates whether domain-specific fine-tuning of a large multilingual neural machine translation model improves translation quality for English-to-Georgian religious text, a low-resource pair underserved by existing systems. Using the 1.3-billion-parameter NLLB-200 model as a baseline, two LoRA-adapted variants were trained: General-FT, on 91,143 parallel segments of contemporary religious discourse drawn from the General Conference talks and other publications of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and Scriptural-FT, on 33,229 segments from the scriptural canon of The Church. The three models were evaluated using automated metrics (BLEU, chrF, COMET) covering both domain-matched and cross-domain conditions, and on a …

The Relational Good Life: Entrepreneurship Education And Grounded Sumak Kawsay In Otavalo, Ecuador, Vanessa I. Lozano Hardman

Theses and Dissertations

Indigenous Kichwa communities in Ecuador’s Otavalo region have long participated in local and transnational markets, historically as mindalaes, specialized traders of the northern Andes. Yet in recent years, international development-oriented NGOs have framed entrepreneurship education as newly necessary for economic development. These approaches emphasize individualized narratives of vision, self-reliance, and growth, often characterizing Indigenous peoples as lacking entrepreneurial skills or the appropriate mindset. Drawing on ethnographic research with youth, mothers, and teachers at Saminay–El Legado, an agro- technical, intercultural bilingual secondary school (UECIB) in the parish of San José de Quichinche, this article examines how entrepreneurship education intersects with grounded …

Independent English Teaching In Brazil: A Case Study, Jade G. Gunca

Theses and Dissertations

This qualitative case study investigates the experiences and practices of successful independent English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers in Brazil who operate outside traditional schools and private language institutes. Rather than providing a broad descriptive profile, this study offers an in-depth examination of a small group of teachers. These educators frequently use social media platforms such as Instagram and Facebook to showcase communicative, personalized, and flexible instruction in response to growing learner demand. Although English is widely taught in Brazilian schools, persistent structural constraints often limit students’ development of communicative proficiency, prompting some learners to seek instruction from independent …

The Griffin Principle: Defining And Deterring Election Contest Gamesmanship, Samuel Davis

Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy

Through the lens of a protracted battle over a seat on the North Carolina Supreme Court in 2024, this Article considers the problem of election contest gamesmanship: the manipulation of the procedures states use to resolve post-election disputes in an effort to subvert the democratic results of an election. This Article illustrates how election contest gamesmanship problematizes basic assumptions of federal voting rights doctrines, exploiting the traditional deference afforded to the operation of state election administration procedures to evade federal judicial scrutiny and advance strictly partisan ends. The result is a unique and pernicious threat to the fair administration of …