Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Law (362621)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (129692)
- Arts and Humanities (102003)
- Education (62463)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (40084)
-
- Life Sciences (35277)
- History (35207)
- Constitutional Law (35168)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (32591)
- Business (29955)
- Engineering (26683)
- Sociology (24359)
- Communication (23020)
- International Law (22912)
- Religion (21684)
- Criminal Law (20695)
- Higher Education (20166)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (17593)
- Political Science (17383)
- United States History (15487)
- Psychology (14046)
- Courts (12651)
- Intellectual Property Law (12276)
- Civil Rights and Discrimination (12008)
- Library and Information Science (11560)
- State and Local Government Law (11292)
- Accounting (11279)
- Journalism Studies (11102)
- Environmental Law (10877)
- Comparative and Foreign Law (10860)
- Institution
-
- University of New Mexico (37091)
- Brigham Young University Law School (30448)
- Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law (28441)
- University of Mississippi (21477)
- University of South Florida (19011)
-
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (19003)
- University of Colorado Law School (16877)
- University of Michigan Law School (16387)
- University of Montana (16151)
- Fordham Law School (13114)
- UC Law SF (12026)
- University of New Hampshire (11547)
- University of Kentucky (11458)
- University of Chicago Law School (10192)
- Southern Methodist University (10154)
- Brigham Young University (9905)
- San Jose State University (9646)
- Louisiana State University (9556)
- Duke Law (9478)
- University of Central Florida (9394)
- UIdaho Law (9228)
- University of Denver (9123)
- William & Mary Law School (9053)
- University of South Carolina (9052)
- Eastern Illinois University (9035)
- University of North Dakota (8918)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (8673)
- Murray State University (8351)
- Maurer School of Law: Indiana University (8092)
- Yeshiva University, Cardozo School of Law (7872)
- Keyword
-
- Newspaper (16163)
- Student newspaper (7461)
- Education (7077)
- History (6826)
- Newspapers (6049)
-
- EIU (5441)
- United States (5401)
- Law (5294)
- Spartan Daily (4490)
- Latin America (4437)
- Humans (4210)
- Bowling Green State University (4051)
- Spanish (4021)
- Constitutional law (3895)
- Pennsylvania (3892)
- University of New Mexico (3841)
- Eastern Illinois University (3831)
- Higher education (3821)
- UNM (3794)
- LADB (3792)
- LAII (3792)
- Latin American and Iberian Institute (3792)
- Daily Eastern News (3758)
- BG News (3696)
- Collegeville (3643)
- Politics (3326)
- Supreme Court (3272)
- N.M. (3259)
- Student newspapers (3190)
- Periodicals (3185)
- Publication Year
-
- 2026 (23344)
- 2025 (30445)
- 2024 (32781)
- 2023 (29253)
- 2022 (32383)
-
- 2021 (32082)
- 2020 (31245)
- 2019 (30719)
- 2018 (31161)
- 2017 (32225)
- 2016 (32920)
- 2015 (32858)
- 2014 (31667)
- 2013 (31605)
- 2012 (33111)
- 2011 (27168)
- 2010 (25841)
- 2009 (24436)
- 2008 (22493)
- 2007 (20283)
- 2006 (20513)
- 2005 (18707)
- 2004 (17752)
- 2003 (15840)
- 2002 (14565)
- 2001 (14546)
- 2000 (13877)
- 1999 (12644)
- 1998 (12796)
- 1992 (12449)
- Publication
-
- Theses and Dissertations (18326)
- Faculty Scholarship (15977)
- Faculty Publications (12484)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (10299)
- Articles (9981)
-
- Michigan Law Review (8438)
- Dissertations (7322)
- Idaho Supreme Court Records & Briefs, All (5567)
- Utah Court of Appeals Briefs (1996–2006) (5390)
- Utah Court of Appeals Briefs (through 1995) (5275)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (5201)
- Santa Fe New Mexican, 1883-1913 (5005)
- Utah Supreme Court Briefs (1965 –) (4915)
- Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues) (4789)
- North Carolina Law Review (4554)
- Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications) (4297)
- Fordham Law Review (4293)
- Theses (4259)
- Louisiana Law Review (4188)
- Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (4145)
- Masters Theses (4118)
- St. John's Law Review (4050)
- Session Laws 2001-Present (4038)
- Montana Kaimin, 1898-present (4027)
- Master's Theses (3980)
- University of Chicago Law Review (3957)
- Denver Law Review (3842)
- BG News (Student Newspaper) (3713)
- Indiana Law Journal (3615)
- Faculty Articles (3485)
- Publication Type
Articles 60061 - 60090 of 1196141
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Brief Of Criminal Law Scholars As Amici Curiae In Support Of Petitioner, Ira P. Robbins
Brief Of Criminal Law Scholars As Amici Curiae In Support Of Petitioner, Ira P. Robbins
Amicus Briefs & Court Filings
Amici are law professors who teach and research criminal law and procedure. They have no personal interests in this case. Their sole interest is in the protection and preservation of the constitutional rights of criminal defendants.
Olfactory Deficit And Gastrointestinal Dysfunction Precede Motor Abnormalities In Alpha-Synuclein G51d Knock-In Mice, Yan Hong Wei Liang, Surabi Veeraragavan, Alexandra Rae Garza, Benjamin David Webst Belfort, Benjamin Arenkiel, Rodney Samaco, Huda Yahya Zoghbi
Olfactory Deficit And Gastrointestinal Dysfunction Precede Motor Abnormalities In Alpha-Synuclein G51d Knock-In Mice, Yan Hong Wei Liang, Surabi Veeraragavan, Alexandra Rae Garza, Benjamin David Webst Belfort, Benjamin Arenkiel, Rodney Samaco, Huda Yahya Zoghbi
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Many Parkinson’s disease (PD) models overexpress α-Synuclein using heterologous promoters, which is adequate to demonstrate that excessive α-Synuclein is toxic but not ideal for learning the precise ontogeny of the disease pathogenesis, specifically where the disease starts and how it progresses. To answer these questions, it is beneficial to generate a mouse model expressing a disease-causing mutation under the endogenous promoter. Here, we generated three Snca knock-in mice. Among them, homozygous SncaG51D mice develop motor deficits by 9 mo of age. These mice exhibit olfactory and gastrointestinal abnormalities by 6 mo. They lose dopaminergic neurons and have reduced dopamine …
Experiences Of Integrating Social Prescribing Link Workers Into Primary Care In England: Bolting On, Fitting In Or Belonging, Stephanie Tierney, Debra Westlake, Geoff Wong, Amadea Turk, Steven Markham, Jordan Gorenberg, Joanne Reeve, Caroline Mitchell, Kerryn Husk, Sabi Redwood, Catherine Pope, Beccy Baird, Kamal R. Mahtani
Experiences Of Integrating Social Prescribing Link Workers Into Primary Care In England: Bolting On, Fitting In Or Belonging, Stephanie Tierney, Debra Westlake, Geoff Wong, Amadea Turk, Steven Markham, Jordan Gorenberg, Joanne Reeve, Caroline Mitchell, Kerryn Husk, Sabi Redwood, Catherine Pope, Beccy Baird, Kamal R. Mahtani
Peninsula Medical School
Background: Following the 2019 NHS Long-Term Plan, link workers (LWs) have been employedacross primary care in England to deliver social prescribing (SP).Aim: To understand and explain how the LW role is being implemented in primary care in England.Design and setting: Realist evaluation undertaken in England.Method: Focused ethnographies around seven LWs from different parts of England. As part of this,we interviewed 61 patients and 93 professionals from healthcare and the voluntary, community andsocial enterprise (VCSE) sector. We reinterviewed 41 patients, seven LWs and a LW manager 9-12months after their first interview.Results: We developed four concepts around how LWs are integrated (or …
Vol. 22, No. 8 - Whole No. 63, David Bratman
Vol. 22, No. 8 - Whole No. 63, David Bratman
Mythprint
Mythprint is the monthly bulletin of the Mythopoeic Society, a nonprofit educational organization devoted to the study, discussion, and enjoyment of myth and fantasy literature, especially the works of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, and Charles Williams. To promote these interests, the Society publishes three magazines, maintains a World Wide Web site, and sponsors the annual Mythopoeic Conference and awards for fiction and scholarship, as well as local and written discussion groups.
Full Issue, Maryland Birdlife
Molecular Basis Of Legume-Rhizobium Interactions: Potentials For Improving Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation, Adam Kondorosi, Michael Schultze, Beate Hoffmann, Csaba Koncz, Laszlo Bogre, Michele Cren, Ilona Dusha, Denes Dudits, Eva Kondorosi
Molecular Basis Of Legume-Rhizobium Interactions: Potentials For Improving Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation, Adam Kondorosi, Michael Schultze, Beate Hoffmann, Csaba Koncz, Laszlo Bogre, Michele Cren, Ilona Dusha, Denes Dudits, Eva Kondorosi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The establishment of nit.rogen-fixing symbiosis between rhizobia and their plant hosls requires multiple interactions between the two pnrtners, which involves transmission of signal molecules activating gene sets controlling nodule development. Plant roots exude specific Oavonoids which can induce the expression of the nodulation (nod) genes in the appropriate bacterium partner, in conjunction with the constitutively produced activator protein NodD. Additional positive and negative regulatory factors further modulate nod gene expression and this fine tuning of 110d gene expression is required for optimal nodulation of the hosts. Some of these factors mediate the effects of some soil factors, such as (he …
Roots And Refuge: A Critical Exploration Of Nature In Black Visual Narratives, Desiree Cueto, Wanda Brooks, Susan Browne
Roots And Refuge: A Critical Exploration Of Nature In Black Visual Narratives, Desiree Cueto, Wanda Brooks, Susan Browne
College of Education Departmental Research
This article examined the underrepresentation of Black characters in children’s picture books, particularly in natural settings, and its effect on Black children’s relationship with nature. Through an analysis of four contemporary picture books, the study revealed how visual depictions challenge these exclusions and expand narratives about Black engagement with the natural world. Utilizing visual semiotics and the theory of Black Aliveness, this research underscores the transformative power of illustrations by Black artists in enriching children’s literature and advancing joy.
Book Review - Black Folk: The Roots Of The Black Working Class, Michael Bean
Book Review - Black Folk: The Roots Of The Black Working Class, Michael Bean
LWLC Faculty Research
Blair Kelley's Black Folk: The Roots of the Black Working Class offers a comprehensive examination of the experiences of working-class African Americans from the Reconstruction era to contemporary times. The book challenges prevailing stereotypes associated with the working class, particularly the imagery that often excludes black Americans, and emphasizes their central role in labor movements and the quest for dignity in work. Through extensive historical research and personal narratives, Kelley highlights the struggles faced by newly emancipated African Americans, who encountered devaluation of their labor and systemic discrimination in the workforce. The narrative intertwines individual stories with broader themes of …
The Relationship Between The Neighborhood Environment, Health Behaviors And Health Outcomes Among Urban Hispanics In New York City, Manuel C. Co Jr.
The Relationship Between The Neighborhood Environment, Health Behaviors And Health Outcomes Among Urban Hispanics In New York City, Manuel C. Co Jr.
Dissertations
Hispanics account for more than half of the total United States (US) population growth between 2000 and 2010. To gain a comprehensive understanding of a predominantly Hispanic urban community in Northern Manhattan, the aims of this cross-sectional observational study were: (1) to characterize the actual and perceived neighborhood food environment in Northern Manhattan, (2) to understand the relationship between the actual and perceived neighborhood food environment, sociodemographic characteristics and the likelihood of consuming five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day, and (3) to describe the contribution of participants' sociodemographic characteristics and health behavior to their health outcomes.
University Of Northern Iowa Faculty Senate Meeting Minutes, September 23, 2024, University Of Northern Iowa. Faculty Senate.
University Of Northern Iowa Faculty Senate Meeting Minutes, September 23, 2024, University Of Northern Iowa. Faculty Senate.
Documents - Faculty Senate
Meeting minutes from the Faculty Senate of the University of Northern Iowa.
2024-09-23 Executive Board Meeting Minutes, Morehead State University. Student Government Association.
2024-09-23 Executive Board Meeting Minutes, Morehead State University. Student Government Association.
Student Government Association Records
Meeting minutes of the Student Government Association Executive Board from September 23, 2024.
S. M. V. Chichester School District
S. M. V. Chichester School District
2024 Decisions
USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
Nevada’S Housing Policy Landscape: Data, Analysis, And Policy Solutions, Brookings Mountain West, Lied Center For Real Estate
Nevada’S Housing Policy Landscape: Data, Analysis, And Policy Solutions, Brookings Mountain West, Lied Center For Real Estate
Brookings Mountain West Special Events
From rising rents to high interest rates to limited supply, housing policy is a central issue in the 2024 elections. Brookings Mountain West, in partnership with UNLV’s Lied Center for Real Estate, hosted a community forum examining the local, state, and federal impacts of Nevada’s housing challenges. New research presented at the forum offer insights into the demographic and economic dynamics of individuals and families navigating Nevada's turbulent housing market, assess trends in home ownership, and evaluate barriers preventing Nevadans from accessing the housing market.
Mention Detection In Turkish Coreference Resolution, Şeni̇z Demi̇r, Hani̇fi̇ İbrahi̇m Akdağ
Mention Detection In Turkish Coreference Resolution, Şeni̇z Demi̇r, Hani̇fi̇ İbrahi̇m Akdağ
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
A crucial step in understanding natural language is detecting mentions that refer to real-world entities in a text and correctly identifying their boundaries. Mention detection is commonly considered a preprocessing step in coreference resolution which is shown to be helpful in several language processing applications such as machine translation and text summarization. Despite recent efforts on Turkish coreference resolution, no standalone neural solution to mention detection has been proposed yet. In this article, we present two models designed for detecting Turkish mentions by using feed-forward neural networks. Both models extract all spans up to a fixed length from input text …
A Single Operational Amplifier-Based Grounded Meminductor Mutators And Their Applications, Shalini Gupta, Kunwar Singh, Shireesh Kumar Rai
A Single Operational Amplifier-Based Grounded Meminductor Mutators And Their Applications, Shalini Gupta, Kunwar Singh, Shireesh Kumar Rai
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this work, three simple configurations of meminductor mutator are presented. The first two configurations of meminductor mutator have been implemented utilizing one CMOS-based operational amplifier, one memristor, one capacitor, and five resistors, while the third configuration of meminductor mutator is implemented utilizing one CMOS based operational amplifier, two memristors, one capacitor, and four resistors. The implementation and simulation of the proposed configurations are done by using LTspice tool. The viability of the proposed circuits is demonstrated by utilizing TSMC 180 nm CMOS technology parameters. The proposed circuits of the meminductor have a simple structure in contrast to many of …
The Elephant In The Dark Room: A Response To Fair Notice, The Rule Of Law And Reforming Qualified Immunity, Teressa E. Ravenell
The Elephant In The Dark Room: A Response To Fair Notice, The Rule Of Law And Reforming Qualified Immunity, Teressa E. Ravenell
Faculty Publications
In response to Professor Chapman’s Fair Notice, the Rule of Law, and Reforming Qualified Immunity, this article examines the viability of Chapman’s proposal to reform qualified immunity by focusing on the “fair notice” rationale. Chapman argues that government officials should not be shielded from liability in cases where they acted in bad faith, violated criminal laws, or engaged in conduct malum in se. This article explores whether such a proposal could meaningfully alter qualified immunity litigation and concludes that significant procedural and historical barriers make this reform unlikely to succeed.
Bargaining For Justice: Ukraine, Gaza, And The Ethics Of Conflict Termination, C. Anthony Pfaff
Bargaining For Justice: Ukraine, Gaza, And The Ethics Of Conflict Termination, C. Anthony Pfaff
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
©2024 C. Anthony Pfaff
As wars in Ukraine and Gaza continue with little end in sight, the sense of urgency to determine how they should end is increasing, given how the wars could end. A just war aims to establish a better state of peace, but a better state of peace may not always be achievable, and even when it is achievable, it may not be good enough. When that is the case, actors must determine on what terms to settle, given what they think they can achieve based on relative capabilities and cost tolerances. The resulting “maximin” solution, a …
The Echo: September 23, 2024, Taylor University
The Echo: September 23, 2024, Taylor University
2024-2025 (Volume 112)
No abstract provided.
Historical Redlining, Contemporary Gentrification, And Severe Maternal Morbidity In California, 2005-2018, Xing Gao, Rachel Morello-Frosch, Amani M. Nuru-Jeter, Jonathan M. Snowden, Suzan L. Carmichael, Mahasin S. Mujahid
Historical Redlining, Contemporary Gentrification, And Severe Maternal Morbidity In California, 2005-2018, Xing Gao, Rachel Morello-Frosch, Amani M. Nuru-Jeter, Jonathan M. Snowden, Suzan L. Carmichael, Mahasin S. Mujahid
OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations
Importance Historically redlined neighborhoods may experience disinvestment, influencing their likelihood of gentrification, a process of neighborhood (re-)development that unequally distributes harms and benefits by race and class. Understanding the combined outcomes of redlining and gentrification informs how the mutually constitutive systems of structural racism and racial capitalism affect pregnancy outcomes. Objective To examine if historical redlining and contemporary gentrification is associated with increased severe maternal morbidity (SMM) odds. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used data from a statewide population-based sample of all live hospital births at 20 weeks’ gestation or more between 2005 and 2018 in California. Analysis …
Characterization Of Pancreatic Collagen-Expressing Fibroblasts In Mouse Acute Pancreatitis, Amy Qin, Kevin Shi, Rachel R. Tindall, Jiajing Li, Binglu Cheng, Jing Li, Baibing Yang, Qiang Yu, Yinjie Zhang, Bangxing Hong, Balveen Kaur, Mamoun Younes, Qiang Shen, Jennifer M. Bailey-Lundberg, Yanna Cao, Tien C. Ko
Characterization Of Pancreatic Collagen-Expressing Fibroblasts In Mouse Acute Pancreatitis, Amy Qin, Kevin Shi, Rachel R. Tindall, Jiajing Li, Binglu Cheng, Jing Li, Baibing Yang, Qiang Yu, Yinjie Zhang, Bangxing Hong, Balveen Kaur, Mamoun Younes, Qiang Shen, Jennifer M. Bailey-Lundberg, Yanna Cao, Tien C. Ko
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background and Aims: Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are critical mediators in chronic pancreatitis with an undefined role in acute pancreatitis (AP). PSCs consist of a heterogenous group of cells and are considered interchangeable with pancreatic fibroblasts. This study explored the heterogeneous nature of PSCs by characterizing pancreatic collagen-expressing fibroblasts (PCFs) via lineage tracing in mouse normal and AP pancreas and determining the effect of PCF depletion in AP. Methods: Tandem dimer Tomato (tdTom+) PCFs in collagen type 1 (Col1)a2CreERtdTomato (Tom) mice receiving tamoxifen were characterized via fluorescence, Oil Red staining, and flow cytometry. AP was induced by cerulein, AP injury …
120e62 Realty Llc. V. Doe
All Decisions
Landlord made a post-discontinuance motion to change name on money judgment from Jane Doe to Respondent's legal name. Motion denied on the basis that the prior discontinuance of the case deprived the court of jurisdiction.
1719 Gates Llc V. Torres
All Decisions
The landlord initiated a holdover proceeding against the tenant seeking to recover the premises based on the expiration and non-renewal of the tenant's lease. The landlord argued that the tenant owed rent arrears and that this constituted a "good cause" for eviction under the Good Cause Eviction Law (GCEL). However, the court dismissed the petition, finding that GCEL does not allow a holdover based solely on a tenant owing rent arrears and that the landlord's legal remedy is to commence a nonpayment proceeding. The court emphasized that the legislature intended to impose additional conditions to evict tenants covered by GCEL …
Herding With Heterogeneous Ability: An Application To Organ Transplantation, Stephanie De Mel, Kaivan Munshi, Soenje Reiche, Hamid Sabourian
Herding With Heterogeneous Ability: An Application To Organ Transplantation, Stephanie De Mel, Kaivan Munshi, Soenje Reiche, Hamid Sabourian
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
There are many economic environments in which an object is offered sequentially to prospective buyers. It is often observed that once the object for sale is turned down by one or more agents, those that follow do the same. One explanation for this phenomenon is that agents making choices further down the line rationally ignore their own assessment of the object and herd behind their predecessors. Our research extends the canonical herding model by allowing agents to differ in their ability to assess the quality of the offered object. We develop novel tests of herding based on this ability heterogeneity …
2024 September 23 - Faculty Senate Agenda And Minutes, Faculty Senate, East Tennessee State University
2024 September 23 - Faculty Senate Agenda And Minutes, Faculty Senate, East Tennessee State University
Faculty Senate Agendas and Minutes
No abstract provided.
The Rider (2024-09-23), Natalie Lapsley
Ndls Communicator: Week Of 09.23.24, Notre Dame Law School
Ndls Communicator: Week Of 09.23.24, Notre Dame Law School
NDLS Communicator
The Latest News
- Four first-year students named 2024-25 Murphy Fellows at Notre Dame Law School
- ND Law’s Program on Law and Economics establishes new competition to select Law and Economics Student Fellows, names five students as inaugural Fellows
- Professor Stephen Tierney appointed Honorary King's Counsel
- In the latest episode of the DEI Podcast, Max Gaston sits down with New York Times bestselling author and Notre Dame alumnus Jemar Tisby, PhD.
Faculty News Briefs
- Mary Ellen O'Connell was quoted in articles by AP News, PBS News Hour, The Week, Times Malta, and Flagler Live about Israel's use of exploding devices in …
Faculty Senate Executive Committee Agenda September 23, 2024, Utah State University
Faculty Senate Executive Committee Agenda September 23, 2024, Utah State University
Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee
- 3:00 Call to Order
- Approval of Minutes
- 3:05 University Business
- 3:20 Faculty Senate Business
- 3:35 Information
- EPC Report
- Human Resources Policies 330 & 392
- 3:55 Report
- Educational Policies Committee Annual Report
- Honors Annual Report
- 4:05 Old Business
- 4:10 New Business
- Adjourn: 4:30 pm
Cook Martin Poulson, P.C. V. Daniel G. Smith, Utah Court Of Appeals
Cook Martin Poulson, P.C. V. Daniel G. Smith, Utah Court Of Appeals
Utah Court of Appeals Briefs (2020 –)
Replacement Principal Brief of Appellant
On appeal from the Second Judicial District Court, Weber County,
Honorable Cristina Ortega, District Court No. 220903740
Semiautomated Generation Of Species-Specific Training Data From Large, Unlabeled Acoustic Datasets For Deep Supervised Birdsong Isolation, Justin Sasek, Brendan Allison, Andrea Contina, David Knobles, Preston Wilson, Timothy Keitt
Semiautomated Generation Of Species-Specific Training Data From Large, Unlabeled Acoustic Datasets For Deep Supervised Birdsong Isolation, Justin Sasek, Brendan Allison, Andrea Contina, David Knobles, Preston Wilson, Timothy Keitt
School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences Faculty Publications
Background
Bioacoustic monitoring is an effective and minimally invasive method to study wildlife ecology. However, even the state-of-the-art techniques for analyzing birdsongs decrease in accuracy in the presence of extraneous signals such as anthropogenic noise and vocalizations of non-target species. Deep supervised source separation (DSSS) algorithms have been shown to effectively separate mixtures of animal vocalizations. However, in practice, recording sites also have site-specific variations and unique background audio that need to be removed, warranting the need for site-specific data.
Methods
Here, we test the potential of training DSSS models on site-specific bird vocalizations and background audio. We used a …
Enduring Heroism In The Face Of Inequality And Injustice: Who Steps Up And Why?, Carol D. Ryff
Enduring Heroism In The Face Of Inequality And Injustice: Who Steps Up And Why?, Carol D. Ryff
Heroism Science
Enduring heroism defined as persistent efforts to confront inequality and injustice is the focus of this article. Six exemplars are considered: Harriet Tubman, Crazy Horse, Jane Addams, Mohandas Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, Malcolm X. Similarities and differences in their pursuits are considered and linked to the larger literature on heroism. They are also contrasted with enduring anti-heroes to elevate roles of virtue and benevolence in long-term efforts to correct societal ills. What motivates enduring heroism is a central question. A hypothesis put forth is that distinct dimensions of eudaimonic well-being – especially, purpose in life, autonomy, environmental mastery, and personal growth …