Digital Commons Network^™

La Protection Des Droits Fondamentaux Par Le Conseil D'État Du Liban, Hassan-Tabet Rifaat

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

Le Point De Départ Du Délai Du Recours Pour Excès De Pouvoir À La Suite D'Une Déclaration D'Utilité Publique En Droit Libanais, Elias Haswany

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

La Décentralisation Territoriale : Contribution À Un Débat Politique Et Administratif Fondamental, À Partir De L'Exemple Français, A.-H. Mesnard

Proche-Orient, Études juridiques

No abstract provided.

Amortizing Vocabulary Projection Cost With Deferred Batched Verification, Karan Yadav

Defensive Publications Series

Autoregressive decoding in machine learning models with large vocabularies can be limited by memory bandwidth, as the output projection matrix may be read from memory for each generated token. A described method can address this by introducing a multi-step decoding process that first speculatively generates a sequence of draft tokens by scoring only a small, dynamic subset of the full vocabulary, while the full model body is still executed at every step.

Subsequently, a deferred, batched verification phase may validate the drafted tokens by computing full-vocabulary distributions for the entire sequence in a single operation. This approach can amortize the …

Chatgpt Employment Anxiety And Career Confidence: Discipline-Contingent Evidence From Malaysian Undergraduates, Fahd A. Raza, Abtar D. Singh, Rabia Anwar, Jonathan Js Kovilpillai, Analisa Hamdan, Fumiko Konno, Husna Hr Azami, Murali Raman

Higher Learning Research Communications

Background: The rapid diffusion of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has raised concerns about graduate employability, yet evidence on how ChatGPT employment anxiety relates to career confidence remains limited, particularly in non-Western contexts.

Objectives: We examined whether ChatGPT employment anxiety is associated with career confidence among Malaysian undergraduates and whether academic discipline or usage intensity moderates that association.

Methods: Using the Malaysian subset of the 2024–2025 Global ChatGPT Student Survey (Aristovnik et al., 2025; N = 315 ChatGPT users), we constructed a four-item employment anxiety index (α = .80) and estimated hierarchical ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions predicting a single-item measure …

A Mediterranean Puzzle: Paternity Leave Divergence In Italy And Spain, Ricardo Camacho

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

In 2019, the European Union (EU) adopted legislation establishing the right to paternity leave for fathers and second parents, advancing the equitable distribution of caregiving responsibilities and gender equality in labor markets. This paper examines why Italy and Spain—two Southern European Member States with shared historical, cultural, and religious legacies—have diverged significantly in their paternity leave entitlements: Spain offers nineteen weeks of full-paid paternity leave, while Italy provides just two. This paper finds that Spain’s more expansive paternity leave policy reflects higher levels of descriptive representation, effective interest group dynamics, and positive policy framing, with institutional design and cultural norms …

Best For Denmark: Monetary Sovereignty And Nationhood In Denmark’S Campaign For Euro Membership, 1999-2000, Maria S. Cheng

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

This mixed-methods, analytical-empirical paper traces the development of the 2000 Danish euro referendum. Despite its long-term fixed exchange rate, Denmark opted out of Economic and Monetary Union in 1993 and rejected euro membership in 2000 through a series of national referenda. This apparent contradiction raises the question of how political elites of the time framed the preservation of a national currency constrained by its choice of monetary regime. I argue that, as they grappled with the nascent euro’s uncertainties, the Social Democrat government sought to redefine Danish sovereignty from that of isolationism to a concept only realized through European regionalism. …

Explaining Divergent Healthcare Entitlements For Undocumented Migrants: A Comparative Analysis Of Spain And Denmark, Jimin Jeong

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

This paper examines the puzzling divergence in healthcare entitlements for undocumented migrants in Spain and Denmark. Despite being a wealthy social democratic welfare state, Denmark restricts undocumented migrants to emergency-only care. Spain, a Mediterranean welfare state with fewer resources and a larger undocumented population, extends universal access to healthcare. This paper evaluates six theoretical explanations from the social policy scholarship to explore why Spain has adopted more generous healthcare entitlements for undocumented migrants than Denmark. The findings suggest that three mechanisms play the most significant role in explaining these differences: party configuration, elite framing, and the strength of interest group …

Slow Violence In French Polynesia: Where The Cold War Got Hot, Gillian G. Maynard

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

Between 1966 and 1996, France conducted a series of atmospheric and underground nuclear tests on the atolls of Mururoa and Fangataufa, exposing Polynesian communities to radioactive fallout. The paper seeks to illustrate how France’s nuclear testing program in French Polynesia produced gendered and slow forms of violence extending long after the cessation of testing. Combining environmental history, feminist political ecology, and the analysis of declassified government documents, the paper traces how radioactive contamination entered food systems, damaged reef geology, and generated intergenerational health burdens. The paper additionally examines the gendered impacts of radiation exposure, arguing that Polynesian women experienced a …

Decker Assoc., Llc V. Deutsch

All Decisions

App Term 1st affirms (Chinea, J.) landlord's summary judgment in Loft Law nonpayment. The landlord did not forfeit RGB increases by awaiting the Loft Board's final rent order before seeking them, as the increases "did not accrue or become collectible" until that order issued. Tenant's statute of limitations and laches defenses are rejected on the same basis.

Fifth Ave. 25g, Llc V. Sambar

All Decisions

App Term 1st reverses (Chinea, J.), holding that respondent did not waive his personal jurisdiction defense by moving for summary judgment on the merits, because he had previously raised that defense (citing Gliklad v Cherney). Respondent's nonconclusory denial of the process server's claims necessitates a traverse hearing; matter remanded accordingly.

2026-10-21 Washington Midterm Ballots Now Available To Voters, Kean Mathis

The Spectator Online

No abstract provided.

Real-Time Integration Of Iomt And Patient Digital Twins With Blockchain-Anchored Provenance For Interoperable And Privacy-Preserving Electronic Health Records, Dinesh Goyal, Sheng-Lung Peng

Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Electronic health records (EHRs) are not designed for continuous physiological streams, dynamic patient-state representations, and verifiable cross-provider exchange. This study presents an integrated healthcare architecture combining Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) telemetry, patient-specific Digital Twins, GRU-based risk analytics, blockchain-anchored provenance, and HL7 FHIR R4 interoperability. Its central contribution is the Synchronized State Update with Risk-Aware Blockchain Anchoring (SSU-RABA) algorithm, which couples Digital Twin synchronization with predicted clinical risk to prioritize asynchronous provenance anchoring without blocking the real-time update path. In controlled experiments with 18,000 synthetic IoMT packets, the Digital Twin achieved a mean update latency of 178 ms and synchronization …

Connors V. Kushner Cos., Llc

All Decisions

App Div 2nd affirms Supreme Court (Montelione, J.) denying tenants' motion to amend their complaint in this rent overcharge class action. Tenants sought to amend based on a change in the law, but the court holds that a change in law is grounds for a motion to renew, not amendment of the complaint. In any event, tenants' argument was "patently devoid of merit."

China Maritime Report #59: Be Focused, Be Humble, Be Happy: Career Progression, Organization, And Training Of Plan Submariners, Phil Yu, Benjamin Rosen

CMSI China Maritime Reports

Main Findings

Led by the political commissar with the commanding officer serving as deputy, party committees are responsible for major decision-making, maintaining party control, training, and general leadership aboard People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) submarines. While Chinese sources extoll this collective leadership model, it is unclear how this command structure influences decision-making efficacy in practice.

PLAN political officers play a critical role in the leadership and decision making on PLAN submarines, but reportedly lack understanding of submarine operations. Despite attempts to improve the operational competency of political officers, this likely remains a problem for the PLAN submarine force.

The diverse …

Spectrum, Volume 57, Issue 5, Sacred Heart University

Newspapers (Obelisk & Spectrum)

Highlights include: Students and Faculty on the Cornell Case -- ProjectConnect -- Master of Public Health Program -- Camaraderie, Chemistry and Consecutive Wins -- Women’s Rugby Makes a Comeback

From Linguistic Domination To Counter-Power: The Weaponisation And Reappropriation Of Language In Shakespeare's Drama, Md. Abu Bakkar

Journal of Language, Literature, and Arts

Studies of language and power in Shakespeare usually treat colonial, psychological, political, and familial domination as separate problems belonging to separate plays. This article asks what happens when the target of linguistic domination takes up, repeats, or withholds the discourse through which domination is exercised. It proposes linguistic counter-power as a comparative analytical concept: a change in who can define, command, or be believed within the dramatic world that outlasts and exceeds the speaker’s own act of resistance. The concept is distinguished from discursive resistance, linguistic agency, counter-discourse, and resignification, and is operationalised through three tests: uptake, durability, and structural …

Noise-Perturbed Federated Learning For Synthetic Wearable Health Monitoring: A Reproducible Multi-Seed Evaluation, Billel Essaid

Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Federated learning (FL) keeps wearable records local, but shared updates can still disclose participant information. This study evaluates an auditable noise-perturbed FL pipeline for synthetic wearable risk monitoring and examines how client-side clipping, central Gaussian perturbation, participant-held-out validation, and two empirical privacy attacks behave across repeated cohorts. Twelve independently generated cohorts (24 participants; 5,760 half-hour windows each) were analyzed with matched-exposure centralized logistic regression, FedAvg, clipped FedAvg, and clipped-plus-noise FedAvg using 16/4/4 participant train/validation/test splits. Uncertainty was estimated with a two-stage hierarchical bootstrap that preserves each seed's validation-selected threshold. The clipped-plus-noise model achieved mean AUROC 0.903 (95% CI 0.867–0.913), AUPRC …

Artificial Intelligence In Occupational Mental Health Assessment: Applications, Predictive Potential, Methodological Challenges, And Responsible Implementation, Julio Suárez Albanchez

Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Background: Occupational mental health disorders represent a growing challenge for organizations worldwide. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a potential tool for improving the assessment and surveillance of psychosocial risks.
Methods: A critical narrative review of the literature on AI applications in occupational mental health was conducted, focusing on predictive models, methodological limitations, ethical risks, and governance challenges.
Results: Current evidence suggests that AI systems can support the prediction of burnout, stress, anxiety, and other mental health outcomes through machine learning, natural language processing, and behavioral analytics. However, important limitations remain regarding data quality, external validation, explainability, privacy, algorithmic bias, …

Transforming The Panama Canal From Transportation Infrastructure Into A Tourist Destination: Opportunities, Challenges, And Sustainability Implications, Ali Kheleel Ibrahim, Muthana Faaeq Almasoodi

AUIQ Humanities and Social Sciences

This research examines the transformation of the Panama Canal from functional transportation infrastructure into a significant tourist destination while maintaining operational integrity. Employing descriptive and analytical methodologies, the study analyses visitor statistics, economic impacts, infrastructure investments, and sustainability challenges across recent years. Findings reveal substantial growth in visitor numbers and demonstrate that canal tourism consistently contributes to a significant proportion of national tourism revenues. The Panama Canal's higher visitor figures relative to the Suez Canal are consistent with, though not causally attributable to, differences in institutional approaches to tourism development, as establishing causality would require controlled comparative data unavailable within …

Lessons From Media Narratives About Displaced Students In Higher Education, Lisa Ruth Brunner

Critical Internationalization Studies Review

No abstract provided.

Narrowing The Path To Justice: The Impact Of Pulsifer On The First Step Act And Federal Sentencing Reform, Olivia Santora

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

The Supreme Court’s decision in Pulsifer resolved a critical circuit split regarding the scope of the safety valve provision, but did so in a way that denied hope of reduced sentences for thousands of incarcerated individuals. The case centered on a statutory interpretation question: whether a defendant becomes ineligible for safety valve relief if they meet any one of the three criminal history conditions—A, B, or C—or only if they satisfy all three conditions simultaneously.  The Court sided with the narrower interpretation, holding that meeting any one condition disqualifies a defendant from an opportunity for relief.

This distinction …

An End To Ends?: Rethinking The Adjudication And Regulation Of Flavored Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems In The United States, Elizabeth Sack

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

This Note will characterize the jurisdictional nuances underlying courts’ adjudication of flavored ENDS premarket tobacco product applications (“PMTAs”). Part I will detail how Congress has legislated and delegated standard tobacco and ENDS regulation to the FDA. Additionally, Part I will discuss the biochemical pathways and harm-reduction mechanisms currently associated with ENDS. Part II will review how circuit courts have handled ENDS manufacturers’ challenges to the FDA’s denials of their PMTAs. Part III will argue that the FDA must make efforts to streamline the guidance it provides ENDS manufacturers. It will recognize that the FDA’s priorities to encourage smoking prevention …

Bridging Troubled Waters: Simplifying New York’S Riparian Property And River Access Laws, John Eikamp

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

Part I of this Note provides a review of New York’s riparian property laws, beginning with the English common law and ending with Douglaston Manor v. Bahrakis. Part II provides an analysis of OGC-9 and its failures as an extension of the Douglaston Manor decision. Part III proposes that, to resolve this dysfunction, Douglaston Manor must be abrogated, at least in part, by statute. The statute, drawing on the laws of other states and the federal government, and informed by expert opinion, must set forth a list of the state’s navigable waterways so that anglers are no longer …

The Dormant Territorial Clause, Anthony M. Ciolli

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

This Article explores the metes and bounds of the Dormant Territorial Clause, that is, the implicit constitutional limitation on state authority to address issues that implicate United States territories but otherwise fall within the traditional purview of state government. Part I explores the threshold question of whether a Dormant Territorial Clause even exists, ultimately concluding that the explicit positive grant of power to Congress to make needful rules and regulations for the territories must restrict the authority of state governments, even when Congress has not expressly acted. Part II then ascertains the principles that should apply to a Dormant …

Continued: Celebrating Alumni In The Judiciary, Jelani Jefferson Exum

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

Thank you, Judge. It is now my privilege to introduce Professor John Q. Barrett, the Benjamin N. Cardozo Professor of Law. Professor Barrett is a nationally recognized scholar of Constitutional Law, Criminal Procedure, and Legal History. He is also the Elizabeth S. Lenna Fellow at the Robert H. Jackson Center, where his work focuses on Justice Robert Jackson’s legacy and the Nuremberg Trials.

Convocation, The Honorable Genine Johnson Edwards

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

Judge Edwards delivered a brief convocation to begin the event.

Opening Remarks: Celebrating Alumni In The Judiciary, Jelani Jefferson Exum

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

Good evening and welcome! I am deeply honored to address such a distinguished group of alumni, our alumni who serve as judges— perhaps the most important role a lawyer can have. Law professors may argue with that, but I think tonight we can let the judges have it!

But, seriously—today, perhaps more than ever, we recognize how profoundly judges—especially those who graduated from St. John’s Law—shape our profession with distinction and unwavering integrity. Your excellence on the bench—your courtroom presence, your thoughtful judgments and opinions, and your steadfast dedication to St. John’s Law—all reflect tremendously upon our law school …

Zero-Sum Empathy: The Supreme Court's 2025 Term Decisions On Gender Identity, Susan Etta Keller

ConLawNOW

This past term, the Supreme Court majority continued to follow a pattern of rendering transgender individuals essentially invisible in the cases that concern their rights. In last year’s United States v. Skrmetti, the transgender youth affected by the ban on transgender care were largely absent from the majority opinion holding that such bans discriminated on the basis of neither sex nor transgender status. This term, the majority continued a similar trend, deciding two cases on the emergency docket that ignored the lived experience of transgender individuals while significantly affecting them, and one case on the merits, West Virginia v. …

Propuesta Metodológica Para La Evaluación De La Pobreza Energética En Chiapas, México, Mario Alejandro Sánchez Trujillo, Pascual López De Paz, Marcelino García Benítez, Amina El Mekaoui, Bassam Alí, Jesús Francisco Escalante Euán

Journal of Maya Heritage

Resumen. El acceso inequitativo e insuficiente a servicios energéticos de calidad constituye uno de los principales obstáculos para el desarrollo socioeconómico y el bienestar humano en México, siendo el estado de Chiapas una de las entidades con mayor vulnerabilidad socioambiental. Este trabajo presenta una propuesta metodológica cuantitativa y geoespacial para evaluar la pobreza energética de las siete subprovincias fisiográficas de Chiapas. La metodología combina datos de censos de población y vivienda 2020 (INEGI), la estandarización Min-Max, el análisis de correlación de Pearson y el análisis de componentes principales (PCA) para la construcción de un índice de pobreza energética (IPE) multidimensional. …