Digital Commons Network^™

Differential Privacy For Microdata Streams: Adversarial Approaches, Sean Mcelroy

Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations

Many attacks on personal privacy exist that create a variety of harm. As the world has become more interconnected, always-on, and real-time, many entities collect, aggregate, process, use, and disseminate the whereabouts, preferences, actions, and associations of humans everywhere that can subject them to surveillance, mistreatment, identity theft, and other invasions of our private lives. Laws, rules, and regulations have not protected fundamental rights of privacy, but where policymakers have failed, technological solutions have emerged. A significant development is e-differential privacy, a technique that can inject noise into data about individuals and their actions to strike a balance between the …

How Technology Can Be Used To Reduce The Equity Gap In Healthcare For Underserved Communities, Richard Manprisio

Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations

There is an ever-increasing gap in the equality in healthcare received by people. Specifically, those that fall into what is considered the underserved population. Historically, underserved communities have not received the same level of healthcare as those in more affluent areas. While the geographic location is one factor that contributes to this inequity, it is by no means the only one. These multifactorial disparities extend beyond location to encompass systemic issues such as attitudes, knowledge, and possible lack of trust.

Technological advancements have been used to great success in the healthcare field. Devices such as the Internet of Medical Things …

Supreme Court Gives States The Green Light To Go Ham: The Dormant Commerce Clause In Renewable Energy In Light Of National Pork Producers, Ellie Carl

Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law

Two years ago, the Supreme Court slaughtered the Dormant Commerce Clause in its decision in National Pork Producers v. Ross. While the case is not explicitly about environmental law, it significantly affects environmental laws and policies, especially pertaining to state renewable portfolio standards. These state policies are especially prone to Dormant Commerce Clause litigation, given the interstate nature of electric grids. This paper argues that the scope of the Dormant Commerce Clause in light of this decision is appropriate for ensuring that states have adequate wiggle room in renewable energy regulation, but not an excessive amount of leeway so …

Streamlining Wildlife Regulation, Robert L. Fischman

Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law

A recent burst of revisions in the bedrock regulations governing projects that may adversely affect wildlife represents a generational shift in policy. Streamlining federal decision -making drove much of this reform. Streamlining offers a path to address climate change without abandoning a longstanding commitment to wildlife conservation. The conservation community recognizes the need to build new infrastructure to reduce the rate of climate change through air emissions. The most urgent priority is decarbonizing the electrical ~rid through renewable energy generation and a better transmission network. Adaptation to the "new abnormal" of climate-driven environmental disruption demands federal approvals for a host …

Examining Whether Method Of Suicide Exposure And Closeness To Decedent Relate To Firearm Storage Practices, Evan A. Albury, Jessica L. Gerner, David A. Jobes, Raymond P. Tucker

Faculty Publications

Introduction: One factor that can influence whether someone will engage in secure firearm storage is having a suicide exposure (SE). Daruwala et al. (2018) examined this and found that individuals with an SE, without considering perceived closeness, did not significantly differ from those who did not have an SE in their firearm storage practices. Thus, the present study aimed to replicate and extend the research of Daruwala et al. (2018) by examining if the method of suicide (by firearm or other means) and closeness of suicide decedent relate to secure firearm storage practices. Methods: 308 male firearm owners completed self-report …

Louisiana Agricultural Magazine, Spring 2025

Louisiana Agriculture

Growing fruits and pecans is a part of Louisiana’s agricultural heritage. Citrus trees have been planted here for three centuries, and the state is famous for strawberries. Pecans and mayhaws are native to the state, and they are beloved by Louisianans. Some of these fruits have become industries worth millions of dollars, while others have become popular for home production.

This issue of Louisiana Agriculture focuses on the efforts of LSU AgCenter Extension experts working to foster home fruit production and support the fruit and pecan industry in Louisiana. Through their research and extension programs, they provide homeowners and commercial …

The Aga Khan Health Services - International Newsletter No. 22, Aga Khan University

The Aga Khan Health Services Archives

• Her Highness Inaugurates Extension of Kisumu Hospital

• Medical and Nursing Student Survey Reveals Health Oddity in Orangi

• Student Survey Reveals Health Oddity

• Appointments at Aga Khan University and Hospital

• School of Nursing Graduates 49% of Karachi Nurses

• Continuing Education Workshops for Lady Health Visitors

• Pakistan Burmah Shell

• Hospitals in the Muslim Near East A Historical Overview

• Good Luck Corporation

• Dr. Dan Kasege

• Aga Khan Health Services Co-Sponsors Conference on Diarrhoeal Diseases

• UNICEF Assists Dar-es-Salaam Hospital

• Nutrition Campaign Launched in U.K.

• Blood Donor Clinic in Toronto

• …

Admission Glycemic Status In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome, Mousa Hussein, Mostafa Hashim, Yehia Hossien, Falah Al-Azzawi

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACTBackground: Cardiovascular complications are more common among diabetic patients and are usually associated with a significantly greater risk of morbidity and mortality than in nondiabetic subjects. Hyperglycemia during stress situations, especially during Acute Coronary Syndrome, may also be seen in nondiabetic patients. Regardless of diabetes status, hyperglycemia on arrival for patients presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome has been associated with adverse outcomes, including death.Aim of study: To analyze the relation between serum glucose concentration and hospital admission of patients across the whole spectrum of acute coronary syndromes.Methods: A cross sectional study that conducted at Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital for a period …

Rational Use And Prescribing Pattern Of Drugs In Primary Health Care Centers, Zaid Ridha, Shatha R. Al-Saadi, Yousif Abdulraheem

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

Background: The World health organization approximates that >50% of all medications are incorrectly prescribed, distributed, or sold. In Iraq, several serious issues and challenges arise in this matter, including minimal professional categorization of drug prescription, inept patient counseling, and finally high proportion of remedies being misused.Objective: This study aims to measure the performance of the primary health care centers regarding the use of medications and if they match what is proposed by the WHO drug use indicators and their prescribing patterns.Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted on prescriptions from 1st of January to last of December 2019 in 20 …

Biglaw's Race Problem, Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Anthony V. Alfieri

Articles

Ever since the 1970s when BigLaw firms began to hire Black lawyers into their associate ranks, these firms have wrestled with problems in both recruiting and retaining Black associates. During the ensuing decades, BigLaw firms have minimally increased the low numbers of Black attorneys who have become partners, particularly equity partners, within their organizations. Numerous scholars have explored how racial bias and discrimination, both within BigLaw firms and greater society, have contributed to such failures in the recruitment, retention, and promotion of Black lawyers. In his new book The Black Ceiling: How Race Still Matters in the Elite Workplace, Professor …

Law In Bloom: The Roots Of Legal Consciousness And Negotiation In Philadelphia Community Gardens, Vanessa Amsinger , '25

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

This thesis examines how legal consciousness, self-governance, and social networks shape power, participation, and belonging in the Southwark Queen Village Community Garden in South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. I draw on theories of legal pluralism and network theory to analyze archival documents, participant observation, and semi-structured interviews with garden members and leadership. I show that gardeners navigate overlapping formal rules and informal hierarchies, appearing in the form of bylaws, land trust agreements, social ties, and embodied practices, that together produce a complex web of legal consciousness inside the space. Mechanisms of self-governance, like plot assignments and leadership elections, often reinforce social hierarchies …

Generative Al's Illusory Case For Fair Use, Jacqueline C. Charlesworth

Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law

Pointing to Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google Inc., Authors Guild, Inc. v. HathiTrust, Sega Enterprises Ltd. v. Accolade, Inc. and other leading technology-driven fair use precedents, artificial intelligence (AI) companies and those who advocate for their interests claim that mass unauthorized reproduction of books, music, photographs, visual art, news articles, and other copyrighted works to train generative AI systems is a fair use of those works. Though acknowledging that works are copied without permission for the training process, the proponents of fair use maintain that an AI machine learns only uncopyrightable information about the works during that process. Once trained, …

If You Cannot Afford An Attorney, None Will Be Appointed For You: Exploring Rates Of Representation By Counsel In Texas Misdemeanor Courts, Andrew L. B. Davies, Shelby Sirivore, Victoria M. Smiegocki

Deason Center Reports

All misdemeanor defendants in the United States have the right to be represented by a lawyer if they are facing the possibility of incarceration. Yet implementation of that right is often left to local policymakers, and rates of non-representation (defendants proceeding without lawyers) vary enormously. Through an examination of data from Texas counties in 2019, we find non-representation rates were highest in the state’s poorest and most rural counties. But we also find signs that local policy choices matter. Counties with public defender offices, and those with less restrictive policies on financial eligibility for indigent defense services, appointed lawyers to …

Church And State Collide: The Constitutional Implications Of Louisiana's Ten Commandments Bill, Kimberly Aliaga

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

: In the summer of 2024, Louisiana’s governor signed House Bill 71 (HB71), which mandated all K-12 schools to display the Ten Commandments in classrooms. While proponents of the bill claim it serves a secular purpose to promote morality and historical literacy, precedent cases like Stone v. Graham (1980) suggest otherwise. By requiring the display of the Ten Commandments in public classrooms, HB71 is a violation of the Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause found in the First Amendment. This article analyzes the bill by comparing it to similar cases, and by applying both the Lemon and Endorsement Test to …

Profits And Paramilitaries: The Kiobel Conundrum And Corporate Liability, Ben Duffield, Mark Norton

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

In 2013, the Supreme Court severely limited the extent to which U.S. courts could adjudicate on international human-rights violations with their ruling in the landmark case Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co. (2013). This change has led to strong divisions among lower courts about how to determine whether a foreign-based tort may “touch and concern” the territory of the United States with sufficient force to allow the case to have standing. This is especially true for foreign-based torts brought against corporations. This division has had a substantial impact on the ability of foreign citizens to find legal redress for human …

Closing The Distance Between Congress’S Intent And Fosta’S Text, Grant F. Gurr, Henry Purser

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

It has now been almost thirty years since Congress enacted the Communications Decency Act (CDA), and during that time, sex trafficking has become deeply intertwined with social networking and online advertisements. Internet service providers not only facilitate and profit from online sex trafficking and related crimes like the distribution of child pornography, but, thanks to CDA Section 230, these companies are largely immune to victim-led legal challenges. In 2018, Congress passed the Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act (FOSTA) to limit this immunity and provide victims with legal recourse. However, scholarly consensus suggests that FOSTA has failed to achieve its intended …

The Routine War Crime? Double-Tap Drone Strikes Under Customary International Humanitarian Law, Nathan Swenson

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

The "double-tap" drone strike tactic, in which a drone hits a target twice in rapid succession, has garnered much international attention in recent years. This paper assesses the legality of those strikes under conventional international humanitarian law, specifically within the framework of the Geneva Conventions. I argue that the double-tap tactic is not necessarily illegal if proper steps for compliance with international humanitarian law are taken by commanders. However, many circumstances demonstrate that appropriate measures are often not taken in the status quo. I argue that such situations should be deemed as war crimes and prosecuted accordingly by international legal …

Fences, Fields, And Fourth Amendment Rights: Limiting The Powers Of Game Wardens, Ryder Schone

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

Since the establishment of the Open Fields Doctrine in 1924, both private and public lands not immediately surrounding a home or commercial building have been open to search and seizure by U.S. game wardens. Owing to a century of access without judicial supervision, the powers of game wardens have expanded to a state of overreach which violates the Fourth Amendment rights and privacy of citizens. This paper proposes a federal statute that clearly delineates the circumstances under which game wardens can enter private property. Legal scholars generally agree on the need for reform; however, current discussions often fail to address …

Front Matter

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

No abstract provided.

Spring 2025

Ergo

No abstract provided.

Uni Schedule Of Classes: Policies And Procedures, Spring 2025, University Of Northern Iowa

UNI Schedule of Classes

A listing and schedule of the courses being taught as well as policies and procedures concerning attending classes at the University of Northern Iowa.

Normative Pulse Oximetry Values In Healthy Children: A Cross-Sectional Study From Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Turki S. Alahmadi, Mohammed A. Alsubaie, Abdullah Z. Alsuheili, Anas S. Alyazidi, Israa A. Habis, Taif K. Alotibi, Areen Y. Ibrahim, Saddiq B. Habiballah, Matter A. Alsulami

Saudi Medical Journal

ABSTRACT Objectives: To establish reference values for peripheral oxygen saturation levels in children using pulse oximetry. Pulse oximetry to assess peripheral oxygen saturation is widely used in pediatric care as part of vital signs monitoring. Although readings between 95% and 100% are often considered normal in clinical practice, recent studies suggest that the normal peripheral oxygen saturation range should be between 97% and 100%. Methods: This cross-sectional study included children aged ≤18 years attending pediatric clinics and not having respiratory distress or acute illness during their visit. Vital signs and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Oxygen saturation and pulse rate were …

Rulemaking Behind Closed Doors: Governor Abbott’S Secret Rulemaking. Worse Yet, All State Agencies Are Colluding With The Governor, Ronald Beal

SMU Law Review Forum

In 2019, the Texas Legislature granted the Governor new powers to review the rulemaking process for certain state agencies. Since then, the Governor has apparently extended this authority of review over the rulemaking process to more agencies than he was authorized to. Some journalists and scholars, including this Author, have attempted to access the proposals and comments submitted to the rulemaking process by the Governor’s Office—and yet the records are withheld by the Texas Attorney General under claimed exceptions to the Texas Public Information Act. Despite the Attorney General’s claims, this Author and others maintain that any records of these …

What’S In A Name? Policing, Juliet., Shanée Brown

SMU Law Review Forum

“Child welfare” and “child protection” are misnomers. These terms do not accurately depict the investigatory nature of the system purported to help families, or at the very least, save endangered children. Contrary to public opinion, the “child welfare system” comprises of state actors who police parents and children. It is the naming of this system that convinces the public that these agencies are excised from the category of law enforcement, persuading many that the agencies engage in social work and not police work. Calling the system what it really is—family policing—is a step toward achieving justice for families adversely impacted …

Incorporating Indigenous Knowledge Systems In Environmental Education: Creating Culturally Responsive Curriculum To Foster A More Inclusive And Holistic Approach To Science Learning, Emilie Potocki

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

This project explores how elementary science curriculum can be adapted to become more culturally responsive (CR), with a particular focus on integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) into 4th-grade instruction. Grounded in the belief that many Indigenous cultures have long held deep ecological knowledge and sustainable practices, the curriculum seeks to challenge the dominant, Eurocentric framework of traditional science education. Research highlights that culturally responsive teaching not only affirms students’ identities but also improves engagement, academic achievement, and long-term retention of scientific concepts. However, few curricular models at the elementary level meaningfully incorporate Indigenous perspectives in ways that are respectful, authentic, …

Scientific Educations Among U.S. Judges, Christa Laser

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

Should more judges have technical and scientific educations than are currently prevalent in the federal judiciary? This empirical study of the educational background of federal judges reports the undergraduate and graduate majors of active U.S. federal Article III judges. Information on the subject area of study is largely not publicly available, especially for judges appointed decades ago. This is the first and only publicly available research study of the subject areas of study of U.S. judges, collected via phone and email surveys to U.S. judges. The results of this study show that only 7.35% offederal judges have majors in science …

Data Privacy At The Border: How To Balance National Security Concerns And Privacy Interests When Conducting Forensic Border Searches Of Electronic Devices, Eleni Filley

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

Do you know where your phone is? Can you describe the last five pictures in your camera roll? How many websites have you visited this month? Cell phones are an extension of our person and contain some of our most private data: location, banking, loved ones, sleep statistics, reproductive information, and more. As our technology develops, so too should our laws. This Note explores the lack of privacy protections at the U.S. border and how susceptible our data is to a government search. A Supreme Court ruling recognizing the unique piece of property a cell phone represents, even at a …

Democracy, History, And Washington And Lee, Christopher B. Seaman

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

At Washington and Lee, it is customary for the new holder of an endowed professorship to deliver a public lecture called a chair talk to mark their installation. This is a lightly edited and footnoted version of Professor Seaman's chair talk on October 8, 2024, given as the new Robert E.R. Huntley Professor of Law.

Discretionary (In)Justice Continued: Discretion As A Tool To Deny Asylum, Kate Aschenbrenner Rodriguez

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

In 2012, I published an article entitled Discretionary (In)justice: The Exercise of Discretion in Claims for Asylum. At that time, I was concerned because of a pattern I had seen of adjudicators in individual cases denying applications for asylum not on the basis of statutory eligibility but instead in an exercise of the adjudicator’s discretion. Since that time, the administrations of both the former President Trump and the now-current President Biden have used every legal tool available to them, including the exercise of discretion in asylum claims, to make it more difficult to obtain asylum and therefore to discourage …

Cannabis At Work: Navigating The Intersection Of Employment Law And Legalized Marijuana, Eva Lane

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

As states increasingly legalize forms of cannabis use, federal regulation remains stagnant. These outdated laws still hold power, undermining state-granted rights. This impact is especially felt in the employment sector. While states pass laws legalizing cannabis use, employers still have a right to a drug free workplace. Many employment agreements prohibit drug use, even if legal under state law. This Note examines recent caselaw to analyze how courts are handling the battle between state and federal government as it relates to cannabis legalization. Ultimately, the argument highlights the risk employees face – engaging in what they believe is legal behavior …