Digital Commons Network^™

The 'Pay-Or-Consent' Model And Competition Policy: A Case Comment On The European Commission’S Decision Against Meta Under The Digital Markets Act, Arletta M. Gorecka

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

This case comment analyses the European Commission’s first non-compliance decision under the Digital Markets Act (DMA), focusing on Meta’s “pay-orconsent” model and its incompatibility with Article 5(2). The Commission held that Meta failed to provide users with a genuinely equivalent, privacy-protective alternative to behavioural advertising, thereby undermining the voluntariness of consent and commodifying user data in violation of DMA standards. The comment situates the ruling within broader EU regulatory trends, highlighting parallels with Apple’s infringement of Article 5(4) DMA and the Commission’s emerging outcomes-oriented enforcement approach. It argues that these decisions jointly clarify gatekeeper obligations, expand the meaning of “free …

Fide 2025: Eu Digital Economy: General Framework (Dsa/Dma) And Specialised Regimes With Follow-Up Considerations On “Regional Gatekeepers”, Kamil Dobosz

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

No abstract provided.

Unconventional Binding Of Calmodulin To Chk2 Kinase Inhibits Catalytic Activity, Christopher R Horne, Tingting Wang, Samuel N Young, Toby A Dite, Hunter G Nyvall, Sushant Suresh, Katherine A Davies, Abner Gonzalez Castro, Vineet Vaibhav, Lucy J Mather, Laura F Dagley, Matthew J Belousoff, Gerard Manning, Anthony R Means, John E Burke, Janni Petersen, John W Scott, James M Murphy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Calmodulin (CaM) serves an essential role in eukaryotic cells as a Ca2+ sensor. Ca2+ binding leads to conformation changes in CaM that enable engagement of a repertoire of enzymes and the regulation of their catalytic activities. Classically, Ca2+-CaM binds to an inhibitory pseudosubstrate sequence C-terminal to the kinase domain in members of the Ca2+-CaM-dependent protein kinase (CAMK) family and relieves inhibition to promote catalytic activity. Here, we report an unexpected mechanism by which CaM can bind CHK2 kinase to inhibit its kinase activity. Using biochemical, biophysical and structural mass spectrometry, we identify a direct interaction of Ca2+-CaM with the CHK2 …

Restoration Of Sfrp3 Preserves The Neural Stem Cell Pool And Spatial Discrimination Ability In A Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Chia-Hsuan Fu, Jin Park, Umberto Tosi, Francisco A Blanco, Manuel Silva-Pérez, Kavitha Muralidharan, Jason C You, Minjung Lee, Gabriel S Stephens, Xiaohong Zhang, Yi Zheng, Helen Scharfman, Kimberley F Tolias, Jeannie Chin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have an increased incidence of seizures, which worsen cognitive decline. Using a transgenic mouse model of AD neuropathology that exhibits spontaneous seizures, we previously found that seizure activity stimulates and accelerates depletion of the hippocampal neural stem cell (NSC) pool, which was associated with deficits in neurogenesis-dependent spatial discrimination. However, the precise molecular mechanisms that drive seizure-induced activation and depletion of NSCs are unclear. Here, using mice of both sexes, we performed RNA-sequencing on the hippocampal dentate gyrus and identified differentially expressed regulators of neurogenesis in the Wnt signaling pathway that regulates many aspects of …

Social And Contextual Factors Influencing Hypertension Among Latino Men Living In California, Leslie Ivett Ortega

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Hypertension remains a critical and often silent public health issue that disproportionately affects Latino men in California. This quantitative, retrospective cross-sectional study explored the social and contextual factors influencing hypertension among this vulnerable population. Using the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System dataset, which included a sample size of 2,060 participants, the study examined the relationship between hypertension and key variables including primary care utilization, health insurance, smoking, physical activity, mental health, and marital status, while controlling for age, education, and income. Guided by the health belief model, binary logistic regression analyses found health insurance and primary care utilization significantly …

Unsaturated Fatty Acid Oil-Based Microdroplets: A Promising Novel Class Of Microdroplets, Ramiz S. Alejilat

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Droplet-based microfluidics has rapidly advanced numerous fields, including chemistry, biology, materials science, medicine, food science, and cosmetics. In these systems, fluorocarbon oil combined with fluorinated surfactants is the preferred medium for fluid encapsulation, offering exceptional stability and biocompatibility essential for sensitive biological and chemical processes. However, growing concerns about the environmental and biological risks associated with fluorinated chemicals have prompted a search for alternatives.

This study is the first to explore the use of unsaturated fatty acids derived from emu oil for microdroplet formation. We characterized droplet formation based on flow rates and the presence non-fluorinated surfactant at a certain …

Midweek Memo, Georgia Southern University

Midweek Memo

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730 Gc Realty Corp V. Beltre

All Decisions

The landlord initiated a nonpayment proceeding against the tenants. Respondent-tenant Gerald Flores, after answering, moved to dismiss the case. The Civil Court granted the motion and dismissed the proceeding without prejudice, finding the landlord failed to file an affidavit of service for the notice of petition and petition. Citing appellate precedent, the court held that the failure to timely file proof of service constitutes a jurisdictional defect, preventing the landlord from establishing personal jurisdiction over the tenants and mandating dismissal under RPAPL § 733(1).

Hp Acp Housing Development Fund Company, Inc. As Nominee For Bsp 204-206 W 135 Llc And Bsp 204-206 W 135 2 Llc V. Bagwell

All Decisions

In a nonpayment proceeding, the tenant moved for leave to conduct discovery regarding an affirmative defense of rent overcharge, citing irregularities in the rent registration history including significant unexplained rent increases. Applying the principles of *W. Pierre Assoc. LLC v. Harvey*, the court found ample need for discovery, noting that the tenancy and alleged overcharge occurred post-HSTPA and that investigation of the basis for substantial rent increases from 1995-1997 and 2010-2011 was necessary to determine the reliability of the base date rent. The court granted the tenant's motion for discovery, ordering production of relevant documents but striking interrogatories and one …

Anti-Imperialism & Neo-Colonialism, The Philosophical Discussion Group

The Philosopher's Stone

• Anti-Imperialism & Neo-Colonialism

Medicaid Funding And Health-Related Social Needs: A Policy Analysis, Passion Ilea

Dissertations and Theses

The U.S. has disproportionately high health care spending compared to other high-income nations and comparatively poor health outcomes. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) have recently increased emphasis on addressing Medicaid member social needs. CMS believes addressing health-related social needs (HRSN) may reduce costs and improve health outcomes for Medicaid members. CMS has begun to test theories regarding the impact of member HRSN on health care by designing federal mechanisms to address HRSN, such as in lieu of services and settings-funded services, and by encouraging state Medicaid programs to develop their own approaches, such as Flexible Services. Information …

Technology Use In Elementary Music Education: A Scoping Review, David T. Casali

Journal of the Association for Technology in Music Instruction

The purpose of this scoping review was to look at how music technology has been used in the elementary music classroom from 2020 to April 2025. Uses of technology were organized using the Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition (SAMR) model (Puentedura, 2006). Only articles that both described how technology was used and what the learning process looked like were included. A total of 26 articles met the criteria for inclusion. Multiple uses of technology across the four levels of the SAMR were represented from 14 different countries. An article from each of the four SAMR levels is described in depth …

Generative Ai Meets Creative Design: Shaping A Dynamic Learning Ecosystem, Xiaomei Li, Ziming He, Leia Xi, Siye Zeng, Danyang Zhang, Ling Fan

IASDR Conference Series

This study explores how Generative AI (GenAI) is transforming creative design education through the development of a Dynamic Learning Ecosystem. Grounded in Activity Theory, we conducted a mixed- method study involving surveys, workshops, and interviews (N=38) across seven design disciplines. We addressed how different GenAI teaching approaches affect learning outcomes, challenges in integration, and effective educational framework construction. Our findings led to a multi-tiered Dynamic Learning Ecosystem framework, comprising modularized tool guides, integrative workflow practices, and contextualized knowledge synthesis. This framework offers practical methods for integrating GenAI in design education, enhancing students’ adaptability and competences in evolving technological environments.

Legal Design For Legal Aid: Rethinking Inclusivity And Trust In The Digital Age, Luodan Liang, Liuxi Jiang, Zhang Linghao

IASDR Conference Series

Against the backdrop of rapid digital development, legal aid services are undergoing a profound transformation from a system-oriented approach to a people-centered approach. While emerging digital legal aid platforms have shown initial success in resource matching, service efficiency, and diverse access, over reliance on institutional logic and technological layering has left vulnerable groups facing issues such as a lack of inclusivity and trust in actual use. This paper introduces the concept of Legal Design, emphasizing the critical role of human-centered design thinking in enhancing the in clu siv it yand trustworthiness of legal aid services. Through literature reviews, process analysis, …

Unraveling Sociomaterial Trajectories: A Qualitative Network Analysis Of Material, Human, And Nonhuman Entanglement In The Diy Material Project, Kazzmasa Tsujimura, Yasuaki Kakehi

IASDR Conference Series

This paper investigates the sociomateriality of collective creation in a practice-led design project, addressing how entanglement occurs in material-centric processes where it often remains largely unarticulated. Adopting a sociomaterial ontology, we employ qualitative network analysis (QNA) to trace sociomaterial trajectories of the DIY Material project. Our analysis identified 12 diverse actors (e.g., humans, tools, knowledge…) in five clusters, and 22 sociomaterial entanglement 'events' classified into three types: Material Emergence, Social Intra-action, and Sociomaterial Assemblage. The resulting network visualizes these moments, explicating their role in instantiating inter subjective design ideas and contributing to project formation, offering a new methodological lens for …

Making In Metaphor: Critical Intersectional Outfitting Framework, Eduardo Féteira, Danika Van Kaathoven, Tomohide Mizuuchi, Daijiro Mizuno

IASDR Conference Series

Strategies that allow for an in-depth and multi-layered analysis and approach to wicked problems are increasingly crucial in today’s design education environment. Intersectionality presents itself as an articulated and analytical tool that effectively frames interconnected and mutually-reinforcing forces. But within design practices, it still lacks visual ising and making processes that allow for a more tangible understanding of its core principles and highlight its benefits in identifying inflexion points of action within problem spaces. This paper introduces the Critical Intersectional Outfitting (CIO) framework, an educational tool which aims to facilitate wider visualisation of problem spaces through a compartment ali sed …

Process Designing For Creative Well-Being: How Cultural Prescribing Emerges Through Community-Based Art Practice At Machino Zukoushitsu In Nabari City, Japan, Rui Fukumoto, Takakazu Yamaguchi, Hideaki Kawabata, Sawako Inaniwa, Tatsuya Ito

IASDR Conference Series

As societies around the world confront aging populations and growing social isolation, Cultural Prescribing has emerged as a promising approach to community-based care beyond institutional systems. While social prescribing has primarily been implemented through clinical referral models, this study examines how Naturally Emergent Creative Well-being, the interaction between individual creativity and community culture, can generate care organically through everyday practice. The research focuses on Machino Zuko ushitsu, a community art studio in Nabari City, Japan, which serves as a hub for creative participation, intergenerational exchange, and informal support. Using a participatory action research framework, qualitative data were collected through interventional …

Teaching Design In The 21st Century: New Studio Pedagogies For Emerging Challenges, Wonjoon Chung

IASDR Conference Series

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and other advanced technologies is driving a new paradigm shift in design education, calling for a re-examination of traditional studio pedagogies. This paper argues that current design curricula, often constrained by rigid academic schedules and a focus on polished final deliverables, inadvertently foster a fear of failure and discourage the iterative, exploratory processes that are essential for creativity. To address these systemic issues, this paper proposes a pedagogical framework that reconceptualizes the design studio as a space for cultivating creative confidence, adaptability and resilience in the face of uncertainty. Drawing on Edward de …

Place Branding And The Dynamics Of Co-Creation: An Activity Theory Study Of A Creative Marketplace In Chengdu, Mengge Huo, Angus Donald Campbell, Mairi Gunn, Michael Davis

IASDR Conference Series

This paper introduces the concepts of creative marketplaces, place branding, and co-creation. Focusing on Jiaozi Market in Chengdu, China, the authors use third-generation Activity Theory (Engeström, 2001) and Digital Ethnography (Pink et al., 2016), to map the roles of market organisers, vendors, and consumers. This reveals contradictions between place branding motives and outcomes across the activity system - tools, rules, community and division of labour - within the creative marketplace. The findings suggest that although creative marketplaces promote a perception of curated place branding, stakeholder participation often remains symbolic, resulting in disjointed and in authentic experiences for all involved.

From Embodiment To Entanglement: Refiguring Symbiosis In Human–Computer Interaction, Sang-Won Leigh

IASDR Conference Series

Human–machine symbiosis has re-emerged in HCI as a promising framework for designing sustained partnerships between humans and machines. While prior work has focused on individual ability, agency, and experience—namely embodiment-centric factors—this paper argues that symbiosis takes shape within entanglement. Through a series of design experiments and student projects, we illustrate how ecological residuals—such as friction, adaptation, and asymmetry—can serve as productive design materials. Our proposed framework synthesizes existing approaches, extending the scope of symbiosis in HCI from bodily integration toward socio-technical interdependence. By situating design configurations not as fixed endpoints but as sites of relational conditioning, this paper refigures human– …

Design When Policy Cycle Begins: Participatory Design As Relational Infrastructuring For Local Policy, Shin Okamoto, Daijiro Mizuno

IASDR Conference Series

This paper explores the role of design when participatory design intervenes more deeply in decision- making processes of local policy making. In the domain where design and public policy share common interests, participatory design has been considered effective as a better policy making approach adapted to complex contexts, particularly with municipalities. However, the process from organizations' understanding of participatory design legitimacy to design's involvement in deeper levels of decision-making involves many unpredictable barriers and often takes a long time. Particularly in the front-end phase before setting policy design criteria, unstable relationships exist between designers and policymakers, appearing as conflicts and …

Strategies For Conserving Architectural Environmental Colors In Historic Districts, Chang Tang, Dongjiang Yang

IASDR Conference Series

This paper investigates the architectural environmental color of historical urban blocks, focusing on the Dufu Dike Historical Block in Wuhan. By employing digital color acquisition and computational analysis technologies, the study evaluates the chromatic characteristics of buildings, facilities, andthe surrounding natural environment. The findings reveal key issues in existing color planning, includinga lack of visual coherence and limited integration of the cultural meanings of color. To address these challenges, the research proposes a color management framework based on the principles of architectural restoration and heritage conservation. It develops color palettes suited to various building typologies and strategies for coordinating façade …

Xrecycle: A Gamified Xr System For Enhancing Youth Engagement And Learning In Plastic Recycling, Yuhao Li, Mingming Wang, Hanzhe Bao, Yuhao He, Tiantian Lo, Henry Duh

IASDR Conference Series

This study proposes XRecycle, a physical-digital (phygital) gamified system that integrates extended reality (XR) technologies with game-based learning mechanisms to address challenges in engaging youth in plastic recycling within high-density cities like Hong Kong. The system merges tangible devices made from locally recycled plastics with immersive virtual environments, forming a multi- layered framework of main tasks, side quests, and reward feedback. A mixed-method study with 20 participants validated the system ’ s effectiveness in enhancing circular literacy and sustaining behavioral motivation. Quantitative results revealed significant improvements in knowledge retention and engagement. Qualitative feedback suggested that participants were particularly drawn to …

Iris-Cem: An Ai-Enabled Toolkit For Visual–Verbal Collaboration And Semantic Reframing In Design, Jia-Rong Li, Teng-Wen Chang, Hsu-Feng Chang, Chia-Ying Lin

IASDR Conference Series

Early-stage cross-disciplinary design often encounters semantic gaps and fragmented problem framings. This study presents IRIS-CEM (Intelligent Reciprocal Interaction System for Co-Evolution Model), a design-driven system that combines AI-generated imagery with a structured semantic card mechanism to support negotiation and collaborative reframing. Deployed through a five-stage workshop process, IRIS-CEM enabled iterative visual–verbal exchanges that surfaced assumptions, bridged disciplinary language, and encouraged perspective shifts. Results show that visual ambiguity prompted abductive reasoning, while the reinterpretation of semantic cards helped teams co-construct shared problem definitions. Moreover, the iterative exchange of AI-generated images and keywords not only reframed the initial problem space but also …

Confucian Ritual Space As More-Than-Human Design: Reframing The Zaojing In The Forbidden City, Ning Gao, Yongsheng Tong, An Sui, Hui Zeng

IASDR Conference Series

This article explores the Forbidden City’s zaojing (coffered ceiling) as a case study in reinterpreting ritual space through a “more-than-human” design lens. Bridging Confucian cosmology with contemporary post-humanist design theory, we argue that the imperial Chinese ritual environment was inherently more-than-human-centric, embedding non-human agencies (cosmic forces, mythical beings, and natural elements) into architectural design. We begin by examining Confucian cosmology and imperial architecture, highlighting how the built environment embodied a cosmological order beyond human-centered needs. We then outline a theoretical framework drawing on more-than- human design principles and spatial semiotics to understand architecture as an active mediator between human and …

Cultural Manifestations Of Sketch Inhibition In East Asian Design Education: A Grounded Theory Approach, Zhenyu Ma, Wei Man

IASDR Conference Series

This study investigates the phenomenon of sketch inhibition in East Asian design education contexts through a grounded theory approach, exploring how cultural, institutional, and technological factors shape students' utilization of sketching as a design thinking tool. Through systematic analysis of in- depth interviews with 41 participants from China, Japan, and cross-cultural backgrounds—including design educators (n=11), industry experts (n=12), and students (n=18)—this research reveals unique manifestations of sketch inhibition distinct from Western contexts. The study employs rigorous open, axial, and selective coding procedures to construct a theoretical framework capturing the multidimensional nature of sketch inhibition in East Asia. Key findings indicate …

Ageism, Loneliness, And The Built Environment: Shaping Older Women's Play In Public Housing Estates, Yi Izzy Jian, Tian Cheng, Wei Xuan Chen, Ka Him Mo

IASDR Conference Series

Play in later life is more than leisure—it is an act of autonomy, resistance, and identity negotiation, especially for older women navigating marginal ity in public housing. Yet, conventional urban design and social programming often fail to recognize its significance. This study investigates how play is interpreted and practiced by 39 female older adults, using semi-structured interviews and network analysis. Findings indicate that socially-driven, self-organized activities such as chatting and volunteering form the core of meaningful play, while procedural barriers and spatial limitations hinder participation in more structured, passive forms. Ageism, loneliness, and dissatisfaction with the built environment further restrict …

Foregrounding Subplots And Shifting Practices In Co-Design: An Ethnographic Journey In A Chinese Village, Jingyuan Tan

IASDR Conference Series

Co-design is increasingly recognized as a means of public participation with the potential to bridge top-down policies and locally grounded change. Yet, when professional co-design practices remain aligned with dominant narratives of progress, they risk becoming instruments of govern mentality, reinforcing existing hierarchies and marginalizing local communities. This raises a critical question: how can co-design praxis disentangle itself from these narratives and attune to local competencies and imaginaries, particularly in rural contexts shaped by centralized governance? This research is embedded in a two-year co-design initiative focused on age-friendliness improvements in a village in Southern China. It employs design ethnographic approaches …

Toward Robot-Driven Elderly Care Home Services And Systems In Hong Kong: An Ecosystem Perspective, Sanqi Yang, Jaehyun Park, Ting Han

IASDR Conference Series

In previous studies, researchers have highlighted the potential of robots and gerontechnologies to address the current caregiver shortage and enhance elderly care home services and systems. Yet most established robot-driven elderly care services and systems often fail to deliver value in actual service environments. Therefore, our study explores design features of robot-driven elderly care home services and systems from a service ecosystem perspective. To address this, we adopted an ecosystem theory incorporating economic, environmental, cultural, and social systems, and conducted multiple field observations in four care homes in Hong Kong. Surprisingly, we found most robot services and systems were overlooked …

Who Designs, Who Teaches, Who Knows? Negotiating Co-Creation With Visually Impaired Children, Anqi Rong, Nina Hansopaheluwakan-Edward

IASDR Conference Series

This article examines how co-creation reshapes roles, power relations, and material practices in the design of tactile learning resources for visually impaired children (VIC). Drawing on Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) and interviews, prototyping sessions, and observations in Chinese educational settings, the study highlights three under explored dimensions of co-creation: (1) the recalibration of power from hierarchical expertise to fluid, reciprocal collaboration, (2) the active agency of tactile materials as non-human co-authors, and (3) the cultural-technical hybridity that enables design innovations to scale within broader educational and policy landscapes. Contrary to top-down or purely technological approaches, findings reveal that effective co-creation …