Digital Commons Network^™

Ai Against Copyright Law And Intellectual Property, Nate Oh

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

No abstract provided.

The New Language: Contractual Interpretation In The Age Of Emojis, Kosi Moneke

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

Since their creation in 1999, emojis have evolved from just playful visual expressions to communicative tools that are increasingly appearing in legal disputes. This paper explores emojis as mediums of legal meaning. It examines how U.S. contract law approaches emojis as evidence of assent, threat, conspiracy, and intent, and how established contractual doctrines have adapted to emojis as tools of expressive communication. Though ambiguous, this paper aims to demonstrate that emojis can be interpreted within existing contractual frameworks.

This paper is structured as follows: it situates emojis as a continuation of contract law's historical engagement with nonverbal assent. It will …

Rethinking Coercion: Moving Beyond Moralized Accounts Of Coercion, Lorenz N. Soukup

Bates College Journal of Political Studies

Coercion is often portrayed as a vile act, which is inherently immoral. Typical examples include blackmail or receiving an offer at gunpoint. Most contemporary theories centre around this characteristic immorality of coercion. In the following paper I will argue that coercion need not involve an immoral act. I will look at two distinctly different theories of coercion. On the one hand, a moralised account proposed by Jennifer Lackey and on the other hand, an account refraining from moralising coercion brought forward by Scott Anderson. The aim of this paper is not to define coercion but to motivate a shift in …

Trans Lives: Human Dignity And Executive Power, Jack Mcroberts

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

No abstract provided.

Recurring Patterns In Democratic Backsliding: The United States, Hungary, And Israel, Leah Brouda

Bates College Journal of Political Studies

Utilizing a three-pronged analysis method, this article argues that not only is democratic backsliding – the degrading quality of democratic institutions in a state – on the rise but that it has frequent recurring themes. These themes are consolidation of executive authority, changes in court power and judicial independence, and election manipulation. Utilizing a combination of public opinion research and indexes such as Freedom House and the Global State of Democracy Index (GSDI), these themes emerge as patterns that are both understood and misconstrued by citizens in each country and of the world. The analysis is based on themes in …

Trump Vs. The Fourteenth Amendment, Rye Maccurtain

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

This paper argues that President Trump’s 2025 executive order to end birthright citizenship represents a major break from constitutional tradition and a clear turn toward far-right ideology. The order challenges the Fourteenth Amendment, which guarantees citizenship to anyone born on United States soil and has been upheld for more than a century, including in the Supreme Court case United States v. Wong Kim Ark. Although some conservatives may frame the action as a routine effort to strengthen immigration policy, the order moves beyond traditional conservatism. It departs from the rule of law, rejects long-standing legal precedent, and promotes an exclusionary …

The Arc Of Discharging Student Loans: The Evolution Of The Brunner Standard, Nicholas G. Glover Esq

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

No abstract provided.

Silenced Voices: An Exploration Of Religious Oppression And Human Rights Violation In Post-Revolutionary Iran, Isabella Caradonna

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

No abstract provided.

Conflating Disease, Morality, And Sex: Regulating Military Fitness In The War Years, Hanna Ranis

Bates College Journal of Political Studies

The United States military worried about the impact of venereal diseases on the ability of soldiers to fight in both World War 1 and 2. The war years thus resulted in an increase in regulations that sought to curb the spread of venereal diseases. Much of this regulatory shift has focused on how police targeted women who were suspected of spreading venereal diseases to American soldiers. Women were profiled as promiscuous and possible sex workers, with the lines between the two categories becoming increasingly blurred. Policing was viewed as a public health regulatory mechanism that needed to be carried out …

The Flexibility Of The Constitution: Civil War-Era Actions And Their Reenactments, Leah Brouda

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

No abstract provided.

Bates College Journal Of Political Studies: Volume Ii, Issue 1, Fall 2025, Bates Initiative For Government Studies

Bates College Journal of Political Studies

No abstract provided.

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review: Volume Ii, Issue I, Fall 2025, Bates College Law Society

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

No abstract provided.

Design-Time Preview System For Blended User Interfaces On Transparent Displays, Adhithya Ramakumar, Louis Benedict Pullen-Freilich

Defensive Publications Series

Designing user interfaces for transparent additive displays presents a challenge in which graphical blend modes alter specified UI colors based on the real-world background, creating a mismatch between the design intent and the final user experience. This limitation forces a slow, iterative workflow of deploying to a physical device to verify visual appearance. A method is disclosed for generating an accurate design-time preview of such UIs directly within a development environment. The technique renders the complete UI to an offscreen buffer and then composites the UI against a representative background using a graphics layer with a specified blend mode. This …

Development Of An Untargeted Metabolomics Analytical Protocol For Fecal Samples By Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry, Tsai-Wei Ting, Chih-Ning Cheng, Chieh-Chang Chen, Ching-Hua Kuo

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Gut microbiota has recently gained attention for its role in regulating multiple host pathways and contributing to disease developments. Fecal metabolomics using liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry (LC—MS) offers a promising approach to study gut microbial metabolites; however, it remains technically challenging due to the complex, heterogeneous nature of fecal samples and the lack of standardized protocols. This study aimed to establish a robust and reproducible untargeted fecal metabolomics workflow. We systematically evaluated sample preparation parameters―including sample amount, extraction solvent, numbers of extraction, and sample-to-solvent ratio―and assessed method reproducibility. Additionally, we compared three LC—MS data acquisition workflows using 10 samples from inflammatory …

Cordycepin In Cancer Therapy: A Bibliometric Analysis And Review Of Mechanisms, Zhiwei Ouyang, Yufei Zhang, Jianghan Ning, Yayi Tu, Bin He

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Cordycepin (3’-deoxyadenosine), a major bioactive component derived from fungi of the genus Cordyceps, has garnered significant attention in recent years for its potent antitumor properties. Drawing on literature indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection from 2004 to 2025, this study employs bibliometric tools―specifically CiteSpace and VOSviewer―to systematically examine developmental trends, research hotspots, and emerging frontiers in the field of cordycepin-related cancer research. The analysis maps a shift in focus from early-stage pharmacological validation to more advanced investigations into molecular mechanisms, with particular emphasis on cell cycle regulation. Keyword burst analysis highlights bursts in terms such as “apoptosis,” “cell …

Research And The Information Landscape, Libby Wheeles, Helena Marvin

Open Educational Resources Collection

This open textbook accompanies the University of Missouri-St. Louis class INTDSC 1010: Research and the Information Landscape. Intended for undergraduates new to academic research, the course covers practical search and evaluation skills as well as a basic introduction to the world of scholarly communication. In Fall 2025, the course’s learning objectives were:

1. Evaluate whether a source is appropriate for college-level research.
2. Navigate library search tools to find relevant results and improve research efficiency.
3. Analyze the goals and limitations of non-library tools in the research landscape.
4. Explain the basic history and current broad practices of scholarly communication.
5. Contribute to a small-scale …

Rewriting The Monster: Carmilla As Laura's Gothic Double And Subversive Prince Charming In Le Fanu's Queer Gothic Fairy Tale, Annalee Tanner

English Theses

Rewriting the Monster: Carmilla as Laura's Gothic Double and Subversive Prince Charming in Le Fanu's Queer Gothic Fairy Tale

Relational Pedagogy, Student Led Seminars, And Rethinking The World ‘Otherwise’: Evidence From Focus Groups With Ecce Students In An English University, Lisa Moran, Elizabeth Richards Ms

Irish Journal of Applied Social Studies

This paper critically examines findings from a qualitative study of collaborative, student-led seminars framed within relational pedagogy, with undergraduate students on an Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) degree programme in England. Drawing upon focus groups and observational data, this paper argues for the importance of student-led seminars in ECCE programmes, for improved student’s motivation to learn, teamwork, collaboration skills and peer learning. Significantly, our data reveals that depth engagement in these seminars facilitated students rethinking their worlds ‘otherwise’ where they questioned their own biases and prejudices towards so-called hard to reach and marginalised groups. Utilising a relational pedagogical approach …

Luis Hipolito-De La Rosa V. Attorney General United States Of America

2025 Decisions

Agency

Shawn Mcloughlin V. Cantor Fitzgerald L.P.

2025 Decisions

USDC for the District of Delaware

Richard Miller V. City Of Philadelphia

2025 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

Francois Beavogui V. Attorney General United States Of America

2025 Decisions

Agency

Research Progress In The Regulation Of Intestinal Stem Cell Homeostasis By Dietary Patterns, Haichao Zhang, Qi Sun, Yumei Qin, Yanpei Gu, Jianzhong Han

Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs ) located at the bottom of intestinal crypts are the key factors driving the repair and rapid renewal of the intestinal epithelium.Their proliferation and differentiation are finely regulated by the microenvironment of the niche.ISCs,as dietary nutrient sensors,can respond to different dietary signals to regulate intestinal homeostasis.The author systematically summarizes the main signaling pathways involved in the regulation of ISCs and reviews the effects and functioning mechanisms of dietary patterns such as high-fat diets,intermittent fasting,calorie restriction,and ketogenic diets on the homeostasis of ISCs,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development and application of dietary intervention strategies …

Faculty Senate Executive Committee Agenda December 15, 2025, Utah State University

Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee

• 3:00 Call to Order
• Approval of Minutes November 17, 2025
• 3:05 University Business
• 3:20 Faculty Senate Business
• 3:35 Information
• EPC Report - December 4, 2025
• 3:40 Report
• Council on Teacher Education
• Scholarship Annual Report
• University Studies Report
• 4:05 Old Business
• 4:10 New Business
• Adjourn: 4:30 pm

Alaskkka - The Invisible Empire In The Last Frontier: A Look Into The 1920s Klan Of The North, Elizabeth Kell, Kevin Allen

Other Publications

When discussing hate groups in North America, few evoke as immediate and visceral a reaction as the Ku Klux Klan. Often regarded as a symbol of radical white supremacist ideology, the Klan is widely associated with the American South; its white hoods, burning crosses, and Confederate flags have become enduring emblems of racial hatred and extremist nationalism. While many assume the Klan's influence was confined to Southern states, the reality is far more expansive and troubling. During its resurgence in the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan extended its reach well beyond its traditional strongholds, gaining footholds in states such as …

December 15 Elections, Census & Redistricting Update, Jeffrey M. Wice

Elections, Census & Redistricting Updates

No abstract provided.

Full Issue (52.2, Fall 2025)

New England Classical Journal

No abstract provided.

Brief Of Agudath Israel Of America, The Jewish Coalition For Religious Liberty, The National Council Of Young Israel, And The Jewish Community Council Of Sullivan County As Amici Curiae In Support Of Appellants, John A. Meiser, Meredith Holland Kessler

Court Briefs

No. 25-2191
Lost Lake Holdings, LLC v. Town of Forestburgh

On Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, No. 22-cv-10656-VB (Hon. Vincent L. Briccetti)

From the Summary of the Argument

As the district court seemed to recognize early on, JA-1506, the Town of Forestburgh is not going to allow Appellants to build a residential community for Hasidic Jews. Once the developers purchased a shovel-ready property for that purpose, the Town—in the words of one prominent resident and former member of the Comprehensive Plan Review Committee—“circle[d] the wagons.” JA-1570. That former committee member (along …

Exploring The Prevalence And Determinants Of Self-Medication During Pregnancy Among Women From South Punjab, Pakistan, Madiha Madiha, Sehar Jabbar, Imran Masood

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: For developing countries with high neonatal and maternal mortality rates, any practice that may threaten the maternal-fetal health must be gauged. This study evaluated the prevalence and contributing factors of self-medication during pregnancy among women opting for antenatal or postnatal care in South Punjab, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Data was collected from 424 women, selected through multi-stage sampling, who visited health care facilities located in six randomly selected cities of South Punjab. Outcomes reported by descriptive and inferential statistics (p < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of self-medication with different factors.

Results: Most of the women were involved in self-medication practice (38.9%) …

The Rhetoric Of Imperial Felicitas As A Political Tool In Late Antiquity, Martin Shedd

New England Classical Journal

This article surveys the rhetoric of imperial felicitas (good luck) in Latin literature of the fourth and early fifth centuries in response to Erik Wistrand’s monograph Felicitas Imperatoria (1987). By including not only the emperor’s fortunes, but also the fortunes of the political community directly attributed to his presence or actions in its definition, it presents a more complete analysis of relevant political rhetoric. It demonstrates that the tropes of panegyric were manipulated by petitioners to facilitate political action. Finally, it concludes that the author of Historia Augusta intentionally subverts these tropes to envision a different political system for Rome.