Digital Commons Network^™

Martin Walsh V. Wicare Home Care Agency Llc

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Abrahim Fata V. Jacqueline Amantine

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

Optimal Placement Of Electric Vehicle Chargers: A Mixed-Integer Linear Programming Model, Joubin Zahiri Khameneh, Emmanuel Fagbenle

Faculty Publications

Electric vehicle adoption is growing, but New Hampshire lags in public charging infrastructure, especially in rural areas. This gap increases range anxiety and economic inefficiencies. In this study, we developed a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model to optimally locate new electric vehicle chargers statewide, maximizing coverage and equity under budget constraints. The model includes geographic coverage requirements, population-weighted equity, capacity limits, and a $28 million budget. Moreover, the model recommends 855 Level 2 chargers and 149 Direct Current Fast Chargers (DCFCs) across 247 ZIP Codes, nearly doubling public charging capacity and achieving 98.8% coverage within defined service radii. The plan …

Navigating Federal Work-Study: How Informational And Structural Barriers Shape First-Year Student Participation, Sooji Kim

Journal of Student Financial Aid

Understanding the complex nature of institutional and student behaviors regarding the federal work-study program (FWS) is critical to bolstering federal and institutional efforts to implement tangible policy interventions and practical improvements to the program. However, there is scant literature about the mechanisms of students’ FWS decision-making processes. To better understand the “why” of students’ decisions and behaviors around the FWS program, this study explores the determinants of imperfect FWS aid take-up among lower-income, first-year college students. Drawing upon multidisciplinary views on students’ work decisions while in college, a survey was developed and administered at a large public four-year university in …

Forging Pathways: How Low-Income Stem Students Navigate College On A Free Tuition Program, Taylor Wilby, Sarah Madsen, Nathan F. Alleman

Journal of Student Financial Aid

In light of the ever-increasing cost of tuition, colleges and universities are turning to free tuition programs to make college more affordable – especially for those students demonstrating the most financial need. Concurrently, students from low-income backgrounds continue to enroll in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) majors, navigating rigorous fields of study and anticipating highly lucrative career opportunities following graduation. This project, therefore, sought to answer the following question: How and in what ways is the college-going navigation of low-income STEM students influenced by a free tuition pathway in a selective, affluent university? Utilizing a qualitative, symbolic interactionist …

32nd National Boule & 42nd Anniversary Conclave, Zeta Phi Beta Sorority Incorporated, Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity Incorporated

Josie Green Washington Papers

A sorority/fraternity program for the 32nd National Boule for the Zeta Phi Beta Sorority Incorporated and the 43rd Anniversary Conclave for the Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity Incorporated. This copy belongs to Josie Green Washington.

Notes From The American Council On Human Rights, The American Council On Human Rights

Josie Green Washington Papers

A pamphlet by the American Council on Human Rights greeting and giving news on the Zeta Phi Beta Sorority.

The Illusion Of Sex-Ed As Panacea: Addressing Adolescent Sexual And Reproductive Health Disparities In Minnesota, Bernadette E. Whitely

Tapestries: Interwoven voices of local and global identities

Although many praise Minnesota for its strong healthcare system, the state still faces significant disparities in access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services and comprehensive sexuality education (CSE). These disparities in access are compounded by geographic location, socioeconomic status (SES), and race, with barriers across transportation, cost, and clinic availability further complicating these issues. Based on this understanding, this paper examines adolescent SRH disparities between the Twin Cities metropolitan area and northern rural regions in Minnesota, focusing specifically on unintended adolescent pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Building on this foundation, I apply Dr. Vanessa Voller’s “CSE-as-panacea” framework, which …

From Homeland To Here: Diasporic Belonging And Ethiopian Youth Performance In The Twin Cities, Tsedenia H. Lozenski

Tapestries: Interwoven voices of local and global identities

In Amharic, Tizita is often referred to as a type of musical scale or ballad, but the word itself means so much more. Tizita is also a way of expressing a feeling of longing and memory for the homeland of Ethiopia. As a practitioner and now researcher of Ethiopian cultural dance, this proposed American Studies Senior Capstone project examines the significance of Ethiopian cultural dance within diasporic identities, how it can unite different people of different ethnic groups within the Ethiopian diaspora through mutual understanding, and how it connects diaspora to roots that we only know through the stories of …

We Do Not Care To Be Silent: Resist The Demand To Self-Censor About Tyranny, Ice, And Genocide, Reece Robinson

Tapestries: Interwoven voices of local and global identities

Silence breaking, I argue, is a tool that must be employed as frequently as possible by as many people as possible. Using the tools of hope and courage, working through the barriers of fear and shame, we must be outspoken in our care for all people. This expression of care is so crucial because there are tyrannical forces at work across the globe who wish for nothing more than our silence. In that silence, the U.S. government is expanding its practices to unjustly detain and deport immigrants. To enforce this silence, the U.S. government, through ICE, is detaining journalists and …

A Contextual Attention-Based Transformer Model For Enhanced Hate Speech Detection On Twitter, Mira Mansour, Nancy Akoum, Seifedine Kadry

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Hate speech on social media poses significant societal challenges, necessitating accurate and context-sensitive automated detection. Traditional machine learning (ML) models typically rely on lexical or superficial features, limiting their ability to capture nuanced or contextually ambiguous expressions of hate speech. Recent transformer-based methods (e.g., RoBERTa) provide improved contextual understanding but often lack explicit mechanisms guiding the model’s attention to critical semantic tokens, thereby reducing interpretability and sensitivity to nuanced linguistic contexts. This paper introduces a novel contextual attention-guided transformer model that explicitly incorporates lexicon-guided attention supervision into RoBERTa fine-tuning, significantly enhancing semantic precision in hate speech detection on Twitter. Evaluations …

Kibbutz Megiddo (Al-Lajjun): The Coins, Ariel Berman, Gabriela Bijovsky

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

The 61 coins discovered during the excavations at Kibbutz Megiddo provide modest numismatic evidence for a multi-period site, dating from the Seleucid to the Mamluk periods. However, the starting date of occupation could not be established, as the early coins were found in disturbed loci. The majority of the Islamic coins belong to the Mamluk dynasty. Of special interest is an Il-Khānid fals found in a Mamluk context.

The Early Bronze Age Occupation At Tel Gat-Ḥefer, Lower Galilee, Areas C And D, Karen Covello-Paran

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.

The Stripes Of Glory We Wear: Reflections Of The Legal Role And Intricacies Of Citizenship In The History And Foundation Of The Malaysian State

Washington International Law Journal

Abstract: The meaning of citizenship in Malaysia is a tale as old as the country itself—a thorny triangular relationship between the state; the Bumiputera majority of Malay and indigenous natives; and the non-Bumiputeras minority of Chinese and Indians who primarily migrated when the region was under British colonial rule and influence. In the present, Bumiputeras enjoy a constitutionally stipulated special status—a distinction that bestows many privileges and preferential treatment in all facets of life, from commerce to education, homeownership to government employment, that is off-limits to non-Bumiputeras. Supporters of the system argue it remains necessary—a form of affirmative action …

The Taiwanese Way To Ai Governance: Draft Basic Law On Artificial Intelligence And Future Regulatory Strategies

Washington International Law Journal

Abstract: Despite Taiwan’s significant contributions to the global artificial intelligence (AI) ecosystem, its role remains underexamined in international AI governance discourse. This Article addresses this gap by analyzing Taiwan’s emerging AI regulatory framework, with particular emphasis on the Draft Basic Law on Artificial Intelligence (the “Draft AI Law”). Situating Taiwan’s approach within the broader global regulatory landscape, the Article compares the Draft AI Law with key international models, including the European Union’s AI Act and the United States’ NIST AI Risk Management Framework, while also drawing on regulatory developments in Japan and South Korea. Rather than providing a clause-by-clause analysis, …

Reviving Novorossiya: Russia’S Invasion Of Ukraine Under International Law

Washington International Law Journal

Abstract: For nearly three years, the Eastern European nation of Ukraine has been entangled in a war it did not instigate, did not desire, but was forced into by its more powerful neighbor, Russia. Since the onset of the war, Russia has faced accusations of widespread atrocities, including severe violations of human rights, international humanitarian law, and breaches of other international norms. Following the inauguration of United States (US) President Donald Trump, there has been a renewed effort to bring both parties to the negotiating table and end the conflict. With the ongoing negotiations, there is no better time to …

Litigating Workplace Sexual Harassment In China: Practical Challenges & Proposed Solutions

Washington International Law Journal

Abstract: The development of China’s anti-sexual harassment laws and policies over the past few decades has raised the hopes of many. However, the sheer volume of regulations can easily create the false impression that the Chinese legal system is effectively dealing with workplace sexual harassment. Statistics show that the number of lawsuits filed in Chinese courts remains trivial, even though workplace sexual harassment continues to be widespread. This article argues that courts in China misunderstand how to apply important concepts in litigation such as how to define sexual harassment and employer liability. The difficulty of carrying the burden of …

Foreword

Washington International Law Journal

FOREWORD

Francisco T. Quintana

The staff of the Washington International Law Journal proudly present the first installment of Volume 35. Formerly published as the Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal, the Journal was historically defined by legal and policy issues within the Pacific Rim region. Since Volume 24, the Journal has expanded its scholarly scope and now publishes articles addressing international, foreign, and comparative law from across the globe. This year also marks a significant operational milestone with the launch of the Washington International Law Blog, which provides a platform for legal academics worldwide to publish condensed versions …

Faculty Senate Agenda January 5, 2026, Utah State University

Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee

• 3:00 Call To Order
• Approval of Minutes December 1, 2025
• Approval of Amended Minutes November 3, 2025
• 3:05 University Business
• 3:20 Faculty Senate Business
• 3:35 Reports
• Council on Teacher Education
• Scholarship Annual Report
• University Studies Report
• 3:50 Old Business
• 3:55 New Business
• Commencement
• 4:00 Information
• EPC Report - December 4, 2025
• Adjourn: 4:30 pm

January 5 Elections, Census & Redistricting Update, Jeffrey M. Wice

Elections, Census & Redistricting Updates

No abstract provided.

Judy Pan V. Temple University Hospital

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

Allocating Data Protection Duties The Chinese Way

Washington International Law Journal

Abstract: China has been enacting data protection laws with distinctive features at an unprecedented pace, which makes it necessary to update existing studies on the Chinese approach to data protection. Unlike its predecessors, this Article focuses on developing a structured approach to dissecting the Chinese regime, especially the Personal Information Protection Law and latest case law. It analyzes how the laws allocate responsibilities among the three major parties involved in data protection—individual data subjects, data controllers, and regulators—and draws comparisons with European Union (EU) laws that inspired the Chinese laws. It argues that the way Chinese laws allocate data …

2026-06-05 Minutes & Appendices, Longwood University

Board of Visitors Meeting Minutes 1964-

No abstract provided.

Emergent Bias And Fairness In Multi-Agent Decision Systems, Maeve Una Madigan, Stuart Burrell, Kamalaruban Parameswaran, Glenn Moynihan, David Sutton

Defensive Publications Series

The present subject matter relates to a systematic study of emergent bias and fairness dynamics in multi-agent LLMdecision making. In particular, the present disclosure compares single-agent performance with memory-based and collective refinement multi-agent discussion paradigms across a suite of group fairness metrics on tabular datasets with sensitive attributes. Across settings, fairness changes from multi-agent collaboration relative to single-agent baselines are typically concentrated around small negative values or near zero, indicating that bias is most often only marginally reduced or remains unchanged, while a thin but long positive tail shows rare cases where multi-agent interaction can substantially worsen bias. These findings …

The West And The Rest: Misplaced Blame Of Underdevelopment, Rana R. Abadeer

Theses and Dissertations

This paper will discuss the link between the history of colonialism and the genesis and evolution of International Law and in turn the role played by this relationship to maintain it, directly or indirectly, to our current day. The blame of underdevelopment is often misplaced, and its responsibility falls on the Global South for their inability to follow the same momentum of development as the Global North. Nevertheless, the aim of this paper is to prove that this blame of underdevelopment given its original reasons should be placed elsewhere. With that, the discussion of where the blame should be is …

Optimizing Proaftn Classifier With Ant Colony Algorithm: Enhanced Diabetes Detection Benchmarking, Feras Al-Obeidat

All Works

The increasing global prevalence of diabetes highlights the need for accurate diagnostic tools to improve early detection and effective treatment planning. Traditional classification models often struggle to achieve optimal performance due to limitations in parameter tuning and adaptability to complex datasets. To address these limitations, this article introduces PROAnt, an innovative learning approach designed to enhance the robustness and efficiency of the PROAFTN multicriteria classification method. PROAnt leverages the computational power of ant colony optimization (ACO) to dynamically fine-tune and optimize the key parameters, such as intervals and weights, at the core of the PROAFTN classification process. This learning methodology …

Reviewing Crowdsourcing And Community Engagement In Museums, Paul Longley Arthur, Lydia Hearn, Isabel Smith

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Over the past two decades, museums have increasingly experimented with digital technologies to connect with broader contemporary culture. This review article investigates the role crowdsourcing can play in transforming museums into more engaged environments, raising visibility and inclusivity, and involving diverse voices and populations in knowledge-creation processes. Its contribution is to provide an overview of the history, definitions and concepts of crowdsourcing, and examples of crowdsourcing policies and practices that have been adopted by museums. Participation in crowdsourcing has been influenced by gender, education, and socio-economic and cultural background. In the past, historical structures and traditions and infrastructural complexities have …

From Compliance To Care: Reconstructing Feminist Accountability In Global Aid Governance, Andi Pangeran, Ani Widyani Soetjipto, Shelly Adelina

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This article critically examines the literature on global aid governance through a feminist lens, focusing on three key areas: epistemic power, organisational depoliticisation, and the ethics of accountability. The review reveals that the coloniality of knowledge in global aid governance creates epistemic hierarchies grounded in claims of objectivity and efficiency, thereby marginalising local voices. Meanwhile, processes such as NGO-isation and professionalisation have transformed activism into administrative compliance. However, within these structures, reflective agency can still emerge through negotiated autonomy and the politics of translation, allowing feminist organisations to maintain their political significance. Regarding ethics, feminist accountability is redefined as a …

From Local To Global: Surabaya’S Paradiplomacy Strategy In Realising A Child-Friendly City, Muhammad Fajhriyadi Hastira, Ali Maksum, Muh Fichriyadi Hastira, Ramalina Ranaivo Mikea Manitra

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Along with the development of decentralisation and subnational diplomacy, strengthening child protection at the city level has become an important part of the global agenda. This research aims to analyse the implementation of the Child-Friendly Cities Initiative in Surabaya City from a paradiplomacy perspective. In addition, this study seeks to explain the synergy between local, national, and global policies and identify opportunities and challenges using literature studies and analysis of official documents from the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (PPPA) and the Surabaya Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control, and Family Planning (P3APPKB), the Surabaya City …

Ulama And Vision 2030: Saudi Arabia Government's Strategies To Navigate A Successful Economic Reform, Nashiha Ulya, Hamdan Basyar

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 seeks to diversify its oil-dependent economy, but scepticism persists due to past reform failures, particularly in fiscal policy and labour markets. Ulama, as key figures in the Saudi "social contract," play a vital role in legitimising government policies, especially on social and religious matters. However, reforms promoting private sector growth and social liberalisation have raised concerns among conservative ulama over potential threats to Islamic values. To address this, the government under Mohammed bin Salman (MBS) employs a strategy of separating economic and religious narratives while using a "carrot and stick" approach to manage ulama opposition. This …