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Audiovisual Sonifications: A Design Map For Multisensory Integration In Data Representation, Valentina Caiola, Sara Lenzi, Dina Riccò Jun 2022

Audiovisual Sonifications: A Design Map For Multisensory Integration In Data Representation, Valentina Caiola, Sara Lenzi, Dina Riccò

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In the field of data sonification, the construction of meaning is hampered by the lack of shared perceptual codes derived from common modes of perception, as it happens for the visual register. In this paper, we re-organize knowledge from previous experimental projects to build the foundations of future work in data representation. This experimental investigation aims to identify patterns in the translation process from different sensory modalities. To this end, 80 audiovisual sonifications have been collected and analyzed through phenomenological analysis with the goal of recording sensory correspondences. The resulting cross-sensory design map is a visual synthesis of the analysis, …

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Reframing Advanced Manufacturing Ontologies Through An Exploration Of Ductus, Lewis Urquhart, Andrew Wodehouse Jun 2022

Reframing Advanced Manufacturing Ontologies Through An Exploration Of Ductus, Lewis Urquhart, Andrew Wodehouse

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Ontologies of manufacturing and making have received closer attention in recent years thanks to a renewed interest in materiality and questions of form-emergence and form perception. This work argues that the hylomorphic ontologies dominant within advanced manufacturing can be challenged through the introduction of a “ductus” concept, which relates to the traces left by unique material interactions and energy transferences as artefacts are fabricated. Drawing on multiple strands of scholarship, this paper develops a new ontological model integrating material-process relationships and end user experiences with the ductus of the making process at its core. This model is illustrated and elucidated, …

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James V Birnmann: The Potential Of Critical Design For Examining Legal Issues, Phoebe Walton Jun 2022

James V Birnmann: The Potential Of Critical Design For Examining Legal Issues, Phoebe Walton

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The current approach of legal design is solution-driven, with design considered a series of methodological steps used to improve existing legal systems. Such an approach fails to address systemic problems within these systems, and can instead exacerbate such issues. So far, there has been insufficient examination into the kinds of design used in conjunction with legal problems. This paper considers the potential of critical design to challenge more fundamental issues than those currently addressed with legal design. Through the project ‘James v Birnmann’, the paper illustrates how critical design can widen the discussion around legal issues, challenging the public’s perception …

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Crafting In The Backstage: Materiality And The Changing Work Of Designers, Natalja Laurey, Marleen Huysman, Maura Soekijad Jun 2022

Crafting In The Backstage: Materiality And The Changing Work Of Designers, Natalja Laurey, Marleen Huysman, Maura Soekijad

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Drawing on Goffman’s metaphor of frontstage and backstage, this article analyses the role of materiality in day-to-day work practices of craftspersons. The study is based on an ethnographic study of 17 months at a design firm which was amid a shift from product to service design. This means that instead of tangible products, the designers at the firm created intangible services. This shift in work practices reduced crafting to making visualizations for reports and presentations. As a response, the designers sought ways to spend more time on manually crafting in their work. In the backstage, when among trusted peers and …

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Ethics Through Design, Maria Alejandra Luján Escalante, Luke Moffat, Monika Büscher Jun 2022

Ethics Through Design, Maria Alejandra Luján Escalante, Luke Moffat, Monika Büscher

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Ethics through Design (EtD) uses co-design methods to create, facilitate and nurture anticipatory capabilities for research and innovation, responsive to both society and environment. In practice, EtD problematizes both Ethics and Design. This paper draws upon ethics of technology, specifically the work of Gilbert Simondon, to formulate principles of co-design facilitation. EtD understands ethics, beyond regulation and administrative ticking-box exercises, as contextual, creative and participatory ongoing processes. EtD has been developed within Disaster and Risk Management (DRM) and Emergency Response domains, over 7 years of working in partnership with emergency response practitioners, policymakers, academics across disciplines, standardization organizations and key …

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The Value Of Being Close: Social And Ecological Sustainability In Co-Living For Students, Sara Ilstedt, Martin Sjöman Jun 2022

The Value Of Being Close: Social And Ecological Sustainability In Co-Living For Students, Sara Ilstedt, Martin Sjöman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Sustainability challenges demands that we live smaller and more efficient in terms of re-sources and energy, at the same time, loneliness and mental unhealth are in-creasing among young people and students. One solution to both ecological and social sustain-ability is provided by coliving, where a small group of people share a home. Living in a shared home is an opportunity for friendship and sense of community but is also associated with frictions. This paper describes an interdisciplinary and experimental research project about coliving for students and particularly focuses on the social aspects and new practices of living together. We conclude …

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Service Design In Organisational Change, Qian Sun Jun 2022

Service Design In Organisational Change, Qian Sun

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper reports an empirical study analysing 80 projects delivered by two leading service design agencies to understand the relevance and breadth of service design to organisational change. The analysis revealed two clearly divided camps of service design practice, playing different roles in organisational change and representing two distinct definitions of service design. Some projects evidenced that service design had the potential to move into the realm of transdisciplinary innovation and facilitate collaboration across boundaries and to engage various stakeholders in searching for solutions to complex problems. This makes service design practice of this kind acutely relevant in addressing the …

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Co-Design As Healing: A Multi-Level Analysis Based On A Project With People Facing Mental Health Problems, Erika Renedo-Illarregi, Katerina Alexiou, Theodore Zamenopoulos Jun 2022

Co-Design As Healing: A Multi-Level Analysis Based On A Project With People Facing Mental Health Problems, Erika Renedo-Illarregi, Katerina Alexiou, Theodore Zamenopoulos

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The present paper explores the notion of co-design as healing by focusing on a project with participants facing mental health problems, who met once a week, guided by open design processes. Reflecting on semi-structured interview data, as well as relevant literature from different disciplines, the paper offers a conceptual framing of how co-design can be considered as a healing practice, at a systems, social and individual level. At a systems level, co-design allows working with complexity, and approaching mental health problems holistically. At a social level, co-design empowers collectives to negotiate what realities to change and how. At an individual …

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Towards A Toolkit To Empower Young Autistic Adults: Using Grounded Theory To Analyze Ten Design Case Studies, Niels Van Huizen, Thijs Waardenburg, Nathalie Overdevest, Jelle Van Dijk, Wouter Staal, Mascha Van Der Voort Jun 2022

Towards A Toolkit To Empower Young Autistic Adults: Using Grounded Theory To Analyze Ten Design Case Studies, Niels Van Huizen, Thijs Waardenburg, Nathalie Overdevest, Jelle Van Dijk, Wouter Staal, Mascha Van Der Voort

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Assistive technologies (ATs) are increasingly proposed to support young autistic individuals (YAAs) in daily life. Yet, the uptake of these technologies remains limited. Most ATs are designed for and by non-autistic people, which makes them less usable for YAAs. Moreover, ATs specifically designed for YAAs are often part of formal therapy or training and typically aim to mitigate and rectify ‘problematic’ autistic behavior. In the research project Design Your Life, we are working with YAAs to develop a co-design toolkit that will help them create a personalized environment to support their independence. By now, we have completed ten design case …

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Food’S Urban Graphic Heritage In Walthamstow, Robert Harland, Alison Barnes Jun 2022

Food’S Urban Graphic Heritage In Walthamstow, Robert Harland, Alison Barnes

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Food’s material and symbolic values are central to cultural heritage. Urban foodscapes are dense in graphic communication, with memories and meanings that connect us with place often triggered by food’s ‘graphic heritage’, for example, through fascia signs, packaging, branding, patterns, and lettering. This paper’s focus is on everyday grass roots manifestations of food’s graphic heritage within urban settings. It introduces and argues that food’s urban graphic heritage ‘speaks’ differently to diverse individuals and communities, inviting different interpretations that play a part in the development of place attachment and social interaction. The paper also proposes methods for the recording and analysis …

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Play At Work: Virtual Conferencing In Game Space, Zach Mason, Paul Coulton, David Green, Joseph Lindley Jun 2022

Play At Work: Virtual Conferencing In Game Space, Zach Mason, Paul Coulton, David Green, Joseph Lindley

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The Covid-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of video conferencing, making it a prominent space that our work and social lives are lived within. For many this transition to virtual co-presence has been joyless, highlighting the shortcomings of mainstream video conferencing. In contrast the video gaming community had already pleasurably adopted and occupied online shared spaces for decades prior to the pandemic. In this paper we discuss the designed affordances of the video conferencing platform Gather Town, which adapts some of the conventions of video games and implements them to better support video conferencing. In this research we consider whether gaming …

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“What Makes You Feel Relaxed In Nature?”: Exploring Nature-Based Stimuli As Inspiration For Designing Relaxing Experiences, Chan Mi Kim, Thomas Van Rompay, Geke Ludden Jun 2022

“What Makes You Feel Relaxed In Nature?”: Exploring Nature-Based Stimuli As Inspiration For Designing Relaxing Experiences, Chan Mi Kim, Thomas Van Rompay, Geke Ludden

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Nature experiences promote relaxation and wellbeing. To bring these benefits to people with limited access to nature, digital technologies can be used to provide nature experiences. However, we do not yet completely understand which exact qualities of nature and what mechanisms are involved in eliciting relaxation. To close this gap, we conducted a diary exercise (n=25) to explore interactions and qualities that stimulate relaxation in nature. Results revealed a typology comprising three pathways to promote relaxation through nature experiences: relaxation by sensing, thinking, and doing. In addition, 8 sensorial and 6 contextual qualities were identified, and a visual summary was …

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Experimenting The Role Of Ux Design In The Definition Of Gender-Sensitive Service Design Policies, Margherita Pillan, Martina Marzola Jun 2022

Experimenting The Role Of Ux Design In The Definition Of Gender-Sensitive Service Design Policies, Margherita Pillan, Martina Marzola

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The environmental and social sustainability objectives indicated in the 2030 agenda require the development of services for urban contexts capable of responding to the diversified primary needs of different segments of the population. International studies on gender issues show that understanding the specific needs of women, their behaviors and their expectations can yield indications for creating more equitable and inclusive services. The article reports the significant results obtained using UX Design techniques and tools for gender-oriented service design. This activity was carried out in collaboration between university researchers, students, and women's associations, and produced indications on the specific female points …

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Beyond The Body: Moving Past The Metricised Bodily Goal In Self-Tracking, Kim Snooks, Roger Whitham, Daniel Richards, Joseph Lindley Jun 2022

Beyond The Body: Moving Past The Metricised Bodily Goal In Self-Tracking, Kim Snooks, Roger Whitham, Daniel Richards, Joseph Lindley

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Currently self-tracking systems, that sense and infer data about an individual or ‘the self’, focus on gathering quantitative data about the body. The social features present in these systems measure data about the body against other bodies or ‘the other’. However, focus on these metrics is causing harm. In this paper we discuss relations between the self and the other and more-than-human perspectives to pose questions for moving beyond the body and acknowledging potential harm in self-tracking systems. Throughout we draw on work from across Design Research, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Philosophy and Sociology, to high-light challenges and opportunities for Designers …

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Are Short Product Lifetimes Ineluctable? An Exploration Of Consumers’ Perceptions Of Lifetime Extension Strategies, Lise Magnier, Ruth Mugge Jun 2022

Are Short Product Lifetimes Ineluctable? An Exploration Of Consumers’ Perceptions Of Lifetime Extension Strategies, Lise Magnier, Ruth Mugge

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There is consensus that product lifetimes are generally decreasing. To create a sustainable society, the circular economy promotes slowing down the use of resources by lengthening product lifetimes. This is especially important for electronic products that are energy-intensive in their production phase and create vast amounts of waste after use. While design strategies have been proposed to lengthen product lifetimes, it is unclear whether consumers deem them effective. This paper proposes an overview of lifetime extension strategies for electronic products and reports the results of a quantitative study with 617 participants who were asked to evaluate the extent to which …

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Shitty Stories: Experimenting With Probiotic Participation Through Design, Tau Lenskjold, Danielle Wilde Jun 2022

Shitty Stories: Experimenting With Probiotic Participation Through Design, Tau Lenskjold, Danielle Wilde

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The Shit! project brings focus to the human-gut microbiome, to consider how we might move towards more harmonious coexistence with the uncountable microscopic entities that inhabit our gut. The work recognizes humans as multi-species assemblages, and the Western scientific models that form how we conceptualize, measure and engage with ourselves as embodied species, insufficient to account for the multiplicity of relational scales at play. We present a workshop undertaken with the Danish Colitis and Crohn’s Patient Association that converges food, fæces and performativity. We position this work as an exploration of what we provisionally term probiotic participation through design. Framed …

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Towards A Lifecycle Of Design Methods, Jakob Clemen Lavrsen, Jaap Daalhuizen, Sara Dømler, Kristine Fisker Jun 2022

Towards A Lifecycle Of Design Methods, Jakob Clemen Lavrsen, Jaap Daalhuizen, Sara Dømler, Kristine Fisker

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As the design discipline is expanding and increasingly contributing to solving complex, socio-technical challenges in society, its role evolves alongside this expanding scope. A significant contribution of the design discipline is its methodologies and the expertise to facilitate transdisciplinary work in these complex innovation arenas. This emphasizes the importance of design methods and, at the same time, puts higher demands on their efficacy, robustness, and usability. However, there is a lack of understanding of the method development process, the standards and norms constituting high-quality design methods, as well as the transfer and use of these methods and how they impact …

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Touch Ground: Introducing Design Inquiry In Higher Education, Guido Stompff, Manon Joosten, Andrea Prince, Marleen Claessens, Willy Geurts, Anja Köppchen Jun 2022

Touch Ground: Introducing Design Inquiry In Higher Education, Guido Stompff, Manon Joosten, Andrea Prince, Marleen Claessens, Willy Geurts, Anja Köppchen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In higher education, design thinking is often taught as a process. Yet design cognition resides in action and design practices. Dewey’s pragmatism offers a solid epistemology for design thinking. This paper describes a design research whereby Dewey’s inquiry served as the foundation for educating students. Three extensive educational case studies are presented whereby a design inquiry was introduced and became part of the curricula. It was found that students and coaches struggled with doubts experienced as a result of the co-evolution of problem and solution, means and ends. Four coping mechanisms were observed: (1) focus on problems, risking analysis paralysis; …

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The Power In Maps: Reviewing A ‘Youth Violence’ Systems Map As Discursive Intervention, Jocelyn Bailey, Lorraine Gamman Jun 2022

The Power In Maps: Reviewing A ‘Youth Violence’ Systems Map As Discursive Intervention, Jocelyn Bailey, Lorraine Gamman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper offers a reflection on a systems mapping experiment undertaken as part of the Redesign Youth Futures project, which aimed to visualise the complex system producing youth violence in London. The paper brings together key ideas in the practice of systems thinking and mapping, with contributions from the literature on design and power, to theorise the map as an intervention in a discourse – in this case, the popular and policy discourse around youth violence. In doing so, it offers an account of how power is operant in and through such an artefact: in the embodiment of (and resistance …

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Re-Framing Design And Designers: Studying Design Processes Through A Pragmatist Lens, Kristiane Marie Lindland Jun 2022

Re-Framing Design And Designers: Studying Design Processes Through A Pragmatist Lens, Kristiane Marie Lindland

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Becoming a competent professional entails both developing scholarly knowledge, learning the craft, and developing the social skills demanded in the profession. In this paper I provide insight into how studying professionals at work can be understood as a continuous social inquiry where both researcher and the professionals reflect on reflection-in-action. Embedded in a performative process approach based on the temporal and transactional understandings of John Dewey and George Herbert Mead, and Donald Schön’s understanding of the reflective practitioner, research on product design processes are discussed and explored as a mutual process of becoming. This paper proposes that studying professional work …

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Identifying Inclusive Design Goals For The Blind And Visually Impaired In Venice, Luca Casarotto, Pietro Costa, Erika Cunico, Maria Manfroni, Calogero Mattia Priola Jun 2022

Identifying Inclusive Design Goals For The Blind And Visually Impaired In Venice, Luca Casarotto, Pietro Costa, Erika Cunico, Maria Manfroni, Calogero Mattia Priola

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The aim of this paper is to understand how the use of inclusive design methodologies can contribute to the creation of projects for mobility and access to cultural information. Specifically, the research focuses on visual disabilities in a unique context such as the city of Venice. Starting from ethnographic research and a comparison of different case studies, the purpose of this paper is to identify some Design Goals useful to visually impaired users in the Venetian context. The Design Goals definition allowed us to investigate how the use of inclusive design methodologies for visually impaired users can contribute to the …

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Hyaku: A Qualitative Negotiation-Through-Interaction Interface To Support Runners In Achieving Balanced Training Sessions, Juan Restrepo, Steven Vos, Evert Verhagen, Carine Lallemand Jun 2022

Hyaku: A Qualitative Negotiation-Through-Interaction Interface To Support Runners In Achieving Balanced Training Sessions, Juan Restrepo, Steven Vos, Evert Verhagen, Carine Lallemand

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Wearable systems and apps for recreational running provide awareness of one’s performance and activity and aim for increased engagement. Yet, these systems focus on sensor-generated data and do little to integrate subjective and contextual factors as meaningful insights. Their interaction and feedback mechanisms mostly rely on numbers and do not always match users’ real-life needs. To address these gaps, we explore human-computer negotiation as an interactive mechanism to enable recreational runners to adjust the recommendations delivered by a system. We do so by designing tangible qualitative interfaces la-belled “Tradeables” (whose label is inspired by the idea of “trading” with a …

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Studio Through Studio: A Diffractive Reading Of The Educational Design Studio, James Corazzo Jun 2022

Studio Through Studio: A Diffractive Reading Of The Educational Design Studio, James Corazzo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This article aims to unsettle familiar notions of the educational design studio by examining how it is different from the professional studio. Both settings share similar routines, practices, and physical features; however, I argue their operations differ in critical ways. By bringing attention to these differences, I hope to open up new perspectives on how learning happens in educational studios and make a case for further material and spatial accounts of learning. I will draw on empirical accounts of professional studios from the book Studio Studies. Wilkie and Farias identify the studio as a sociologically significant yet overlooked setting for …

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Weaving With Design Research To Study Children’S Everyday Practices In Cancer Care Environments, Piet Tutenel, Stefan Ramaekers, Ann Heylighen Jun 2022

Weaving With Design Research To Study Children’S Everyday Practices In Cancer Care Environments, Piet Tutenel, Stefan Ramaekers, Ann Heylighen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Children affected by cancer often require repeated hospitalisations. The impact of the material hospital environment on children's well-being receives growing attention across various disciplines. Yet, because of their ‘double vulnerability’ – being children and being ill – young people affected by cancer are less considered as direct research participants. We set out to put the experiences of these children at the centre of attention. To do justice to the complexity of their interactions with the material hospital environment, we brought together concepts and insights from childhood studies; scholarship in anthropology and philosophy; theories on materiality; and design research; and combined …

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The Unfolding Of Textileness In Animated Textiles: An Exploration Of Woven Textile-Forms, Alice Buso, Holly Mcquillan, Kaspar Jansen, Elvin Karana Jun 2022

The Unfolding Of Textileness In Animated Textiles: An Exploration Of Woven Textile-Forms, Alice Buso, Holly Mcquillan, Kaspar Jansen, Elvin Karana

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designers of textile-based interactive systems tend to treat woven fabrics as static materials and lack deeper understandings of how the textile can be designed for responsive behaviours in artefacts. As a result, in most studies across design and HCI, textiles are employed as substrates for computational, biological, or smart materials. This narrow view limits the potential of textiles that can be programmed to express responsive behaviour through their inherent material qualities. Our paper aims at bridging this gap in the design of animated textile artefacts. We present woven textile-forms where textile structures are programmed to tune the behaviour of low-melt …

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Identifying Problem Frames In Design Conversation, Senthil Chandrasegaran, Peter Lloyd, Almila Akdag Salah Jun 2022

Identifying Problem Frames In Design Conversation, Senthil Chandrasegaran, Peter Lloyd, Almila Akdag Salah

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design thinking concepts such as framing, storytelling, and co-evolution, have been widely identified as part of design activity though generally have been evidenced from manual coding of design conversations and close reading of transcripts. The increase in easy-to-use computational linguistic methodologies provides an opportunity not only to validate these concepts, but compare them to other kinds of activity in large datasets. However, the process of systematically identifying such concepts in design conversation is not straightforward. In this paper we explore methods of linguistic analysis for revealing problem frames within design process transcripts. We find that frames can be identified through …

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Systemic Design's Guidelines To Implement Organizational Change, Caterina Rosini, Silvia Barbero Jun 2022

Systemic Design's Guidelines To Implement Organizational Change, Caterina Rosini, Silvia Barbero

DRS Biennial Conference Series

: In the future, organisations must face sudden changes and increase competitiveness. Firms need to have resources and competencies to set a strategic advantage in the business context to survive. This paper describes two management models used to define strategy and implement benefits for the firm and compares them with a systemic framework and the Systemic Design Approach. The comparison highlights the necessity to analyse organisations considering their complexity in terms of resources and interactions between spheres and roles. This evidence led us to sustain that Systemic Design can provide a better approach to organisational complexity and could be able …

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Articulating Theories Of Change Towards More Just And Transformative Design Practices, Hillary Carey, Madeline Sides, Erica Dorn Jun 2022

Articulating Theories Of Change Towards More Just And Transformative Design Practices, Hillary Carey, Madeline Sides, Erica Dorn

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In any collaborative change-making process, team members hold individual, and often differing, ideas about how change happens. These ideas may address whether to work top-down or bottom-up, what leverage points are to be targeted, or who should be involved in the work, in what capacity, and when. If these differences in perspectives are not examined and discussed, they can lead to conflicting actions, lessen positive impact, and may even do harm. Mapping “Theories of Change” is an approach that has been used to clarify strategies for initiating change across many sectors. Yet, when it comes to complex design engagements, we …

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Constructing A Critical Anthropology Of Contemporary Design Practices, Jocelyn Bailey Jun 2022

Constructing A Critical Anthropology Of Contemporary Design Practices, Jocelyn Bailey

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper articulates a critical approach to researching design as a contemporary phenomenon that was developed through my doctoral research. The approach - critical anthropology of design - is a combination of anthropology of design, critical strategies borrowed from other fields, and a ‘Foucauldian’ theoretical toolkit, which together allow us to see design as a complex disciplinary apparatus. I advocate for such an approach – a switching of the disciplinary lens when studying design, and a more sceptical engagement between social disciplines and design – as essential for both robust critique and original insight. Such an approach is productive and …

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Supporting Research On Gender And Design Amongst Steam Researchers In The Souths: A Case Study Of Subsumption In Design Methods, Chiara Del Gaudio, Bjarki Hallgrimsson, Dominique Marshall Jun 2022

Supporting Research On Gender And Design Amongst Steam Researchers In The Souths: A Case Study Of Subsumption In Design Methods, Chiara Del Gaudio, Bjarki Hallgrimsson, Dominique Marshall

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper tells the story of a research program that subsumed the approaches of design, arts and social sciences to enhance gender aware and inclusive research amongst twenty academic teams of Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics located in the Souths. These are the findings of our empirical exploration to support the emergence of a transdisciplinary area of research and practice which we defined as Gendered Design. The key factors that proved crucial to overcome disciplinary boundaries and catalyse processes of empowerment are: theoretical and methodological openness, design-driven strategy and experimentation, as well as a holistic and affective approach to …

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