Digital Commons Network^™

Voltage- And Calcium-Gated Membrane Currents Tune The Plateau Potential Properties Of Multiple Neuron Types, Curtis L Neveu, Paul Smolen, Douglas A Baxter, John H Byrne

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Many neurons exhibit regular firing that is limited to the duration and intensity of depolarizing stimuli. However, some neurons exhibit all-or-nothing plateau potentials that, once elicited, can lead to prolonged activity that is independent of stimulus intensity or duration. To better understand this diversity of information processing, we compared the voltage-gated and Ca2+-gated currents of three identified neurons from hermaphroditic Aplysia californica Two of these neurons, B51 and B64, generated plateau potentials and a third neuron, B8, exhibited regular firing and was incapable of generating a plateau potential. With the exception of the Ca2+-gated potassium current (I KCa), all …

The Cancer Moonshot Immuno-Oncology Translational Network At 5: Accelerating Cancer Immunotherapies, Ananth Annapragada, Andrew G Sikora, Himangi Marathe, Song Liu, Michael Demetriou, Lawrence Fong, Jinming Gao, Donald Kufe, Zachary S Morris, Eduardo Vilar, Elad Sharon, Alan Hutson, Kunle Odunsi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Immuno-Oncology Translational Network (IOTN) was established in 2018 as part of the Cancer Moonshot. In 2022, President Joe Biden set new goals to reduce the cancer death rate by half within 25 years and improve the lives of people with cancer and cancer survivors. The IOTN is focused on accelerating translation of cancer immunology research, from bench to bedside, and improving immunotherapy outcomes across a wide array of cancers in the adult population. The unique structure and team science approach of the IOTN is designed to accelerate discovery and evaluation of novel immune-based therapeutic and prevention strategies. In this …

Office Of Research, Economic Engagement And Outreach Update, November 8, 2023, Office Of Research, Economic Engagement And Outreach

Office of Research, Economic Engagement and Outreach

No abstract provided.

Value-Added Green Processing Of Tomato Waste To Obtain A Stable Free-Flowing Powder Lycopene Formulation Using Supercritical Fluid Technology, Purlen Sezer Okur, Ozan Ciftci

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

The tomato processing industry generates large amounts of waste, which creates disposal problems and negatively impacts the environment. Tomato waste contains lycopene, high-value health- and wellness-promoting bioactive, and it is a potential source of natural lycopene for food and nutraceutical applications. However, isolation of lycopene from its source requires toxic solvents, and lycopene is unstable during storage. The objective of this study was to extract lycopene from tomato waste and to convert it to a shelf-stable and easy-to-use free-flowing powder form using green extraction and particle formation processes based on supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) technology. Lycopene was extracted using SC-CO2 …

Integrative Transcriptomics And Proteomics Profiling Of Arabidopsis Thaliana Elucidates Novel Mechanisms Underlying Spaceflight Adaptation, Gbolaga O. Olanrewaju, Natasha J. Haveman, Michael J. Naldrett, Anna-Lisa Paul, Robert J. Ferl, Sarah E. Wyatt

Nebraska Center for Biotechnology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Spaceflight presents a unique environment with complex stressors, including microgravity and radiation, that can influence plant physiology at molecular levels. Combining transcriptomics and proteomics approaches, this research gives insights into the coordination of transcriptome and proteome in Arabidopsis’ molecular and physiological responses to Spaceflight environmental stress. Arabidopsis seedlings were germinated and grown in microgravity (μg) aboard the International Space Station (ISS) in NASA Biological Research in Canisters – Light Emitting Diode (BRIC LED) hardware, with the ground control established on Earth. At 10 days old, seedlings were frozen in RNA-later and returned to Earth. RNA-seq transcriptomics and TMTlabeled LC-MS/MS proteomic …

Black-White Disparities In Colorectal Cancer Outcomes: A Simulation Study Of Screening Benefit, Carolyn M Rutter, Pedro Nascimento De Lima, Christopher E Maerzluft, Folasade P May, Caitlin C Murphy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The US Black population has higher colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rates and worse CRC survival than the US White population, as well as historically lower rates of CRC screening. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results incidence rate data in people diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 45 years, before routine CRC screening is recommended, were analyzed to estimate temporal changes in CRC risk in Black and White populations. There was a rapid rise in rectal and distal colon cancer incidence in the White population but not the Black population, and little change in proximal colon cancer incidence for both …

The Social & Economic Impact Of Two-Year And Community Colleges On African Americans In The Central Mississippi Region, Bryan Winfred Massey Sr

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to examine the social and economic impact of two-year and community colleges on minorities particularly African Americans who are earning a certificate, transfer credits to a four-year institution, or an Associate of Arts or Science Degree. The proposed research is a qualitative case study investigating the social and economic impact of two-year junior institutions that award certificates of learning and community colleges that award Associated Degrees to African Americans in the Southern Mississippi Delta Region. The primary focus of this case study will be the alumni for community colleges in the central part of …

Systematic Literature Review Of Diffusion Coefficient Studies For Pharmaceutically-Active Compounds, Gerard Daniel L. Gonzales, Rachel Leah V. Luzano, David Bryan G. Unabia, Victoria Gail N. Vasco, Allan N. Soriano

Sinaya: A Philippine Journal for Senior High School Teachers and Students

Pharmaceutically-active compounds (PHACs) such as analgesics, antibiotics, hormones, and antiseptics have been proven beneficial to human life as they can cure illnesses and increase life expectancy. However, heightened usage has led to their emergence in various bodies of water. This has negatively impacted humankind and the environment due to these compounds’ toxicity levels and adverse health effects on living organisms. Therefore, this systematic literature review evaluated the existing literature on the diffusion coefficients of various PHACs. The diffusion coefficient of these compounds serves as a parameter that measures their transport through hydrological mediums and is inversely proportional to molecular size. …

A Comparative Study On The Effects Of Varying Concentrations Of Eggshell Tea Fertilizer On Capsicum Annum (Bell Pepper), Anjanette Czyra L. Argonza, Alaissa Riobel D. De Chavez, Raquel B. Supan, Kerry P. Cabral

Sinaya: A Philippine Journal for Senior High School Teachers and Students

With the increasing worldwide demand for eggs, the continuous accumulation of these poses environmental threats because of their support for microbiological action. However, the fact that eggshells have high calcium content motivated researchers to explore their potential use as fertilizer for various plant species. Despite this, most studies only focused on applying eggshell fertilizers in solid form. Meanwhile, research on boosting bell pepper production remains sparse in the Philippines despite its increasing demand. This study examined the capabilities of eggshell tea, a liquid form of eggshell fertilizer, by determining which concentration would be most effective and least effective in growing …

Intellectual Property And “The Lost Year” Of Covid-19 Deaths, Madhavi Sunder, Haochen Sun

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Protecting intellectual property (IP) is a question of life and death. COVID-19 vaccines, partially incentivized by IP, are estimated to have saved nearly 20 million lives worldwide during the first year of their availability in 2021. However, most of the benefits of this life-saving technology went to high- and upper-middle-income countries. Despite 10 billion vaccines being produced by the end of 2021, only 4 percent of people in low-income countries were fully vaccinated. Paradoxically, IP may also be partly responsible for hundreds of thousands of lives lost in 2021, due to an insufficient supply of vaccines and inequitable access during …

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Draft Final Insufficiently Reclaimed Sites Field Sampling Plan (Fsp) For Ur-19 – Butte, Anaconda & Pacific Railway From Montana Street To South Arizona Avenue – Montana Street Adjacent Parcel, Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Elucidation Of Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Novel Multi-Targeted Therapy Strategies For, Qianqian Hu

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

EML4-ALK fusion non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents a distinct subset of lung cancers that possesses unique molecular and clinical features, paving the way for targeted therapeutic interventions. Despite the promise of ALK-directed therapies, challenges such as metastasis at the time of diagnosis and treatment resistance persist, necessitating deeper research into the underlying mechanisms and potential solutions. In the context of these challenges, our study embarked on two specific objectives. The first goal, elucidated in Chapter 2, revolved around brain metastasis, an event critically facilitated by cell migration. Here, we assessed the anti-migratory activities of several clinical ALK inhibitors in …

Ocean Sound Essential Ocean Variable Implementation Plan, Peter Tyack, Akamatsu Tomonari, Olaf Boebel, Lucille Chapuis, Elisabeth Debusschere, Christ De Jong, Christine Erbe, Karen Evans, Jason Gedamke, Tess Gridley, Georgios Haralabus, Reyna Jenkins, Jennifer Miksis-Olds, Hanne Sagen, Frank Thomsen, Karolin Thomisch, Edward Urban

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

This document provides guidance for the addition of acoustic observations to the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) through implementation of the Ocean Sound Essential Ocean Variable (EOV). The goal of this Ocean Sound EOV Implementation Plan is to define a baseline of how ocean sound observations are collected, analyzed, managed and reported. The Implementation Plan has been produced by a Committee of the International Quiet Ocean Experiment (IQOE), a project co-sponsored by the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) and the Partnership for Observation of the Global Ocean (POGO).

Pericentrin Deficiency In Smooth Muscle Cells Augments Atherosclerosis Through Hsf1-Driven Cholesterol Biosynthesis And Perk Activation, Suravi Majumder, Abhijnan Chattopadhyay, Jamie M Wright, Pujun Guan, L Maximilian Buja, Callie S Kwartler, Dianna M Milewicz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPDII) is caused by biallelic loss-of-function variants in pericentrin (PCNT), and premature coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complication of the syndrome. Histopathology of coronary arteries from patients with MOPDII who died of CAD in their 20s showed extensive atherosclerosis. Hyperlipidemic mice with smooth muscle cell-specific (SMC-specific) Pcnt deficiency (PcntSMC-/-) exhibited significantly greater atherosclerotic plaque burden compared with similarly treated littermate controls despite similar serum lipid levels. Loss of PCNT in SMCs induced activation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and consequently upregulated the expression and activity of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), the rate-limiting enzyme …

Inflammation In The Tumor-Adjacent Lung As A Predictor Of Clinical Outcome In Lung Adenocarcinoma, Igor Dolgalev, Hua Zhou, Nina Murrell, Hortense Le, Theodore Sakellaropoulos, Nicolas Coudray, Kelsey Zhu, Varshini Vasudevaraja, Anna Yeaton, Chandra Goparaju, Yonghua Li, Imran Sulaiman, Jun-Chieh J Tsay, Peter Meyn, Hussein Mohamed, Iris Sydney, Tomoe Shiomi, Sitharam Ramaswami, Navneet Narula, Ruth Kulicke, Fred P Davis, Nicolas Stransky, Gromoslaw A Smolen, Wei-Yi Cheng, James Cai, Salman Punekar, Vamsidhar Velcheti, Daniel H Sterman, J T Poirier, Ben Neel, Kwok-Kin Wong, Luis Chiriboga, Adriana Heguy, Thales Papagiannakopoulos, Bettina Nadorp, Matija Snuderl, Leopoldo N Segal, Andre L Moreira, Harvey I Pass, Aristotelis Tsirigos

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Approximately 30% of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients present with disease progression after successful surgical resection. Despite efforts of mapping the genetic landscape, there has been limited success in discovering predictive biomarkers of disease outcomes. Here we performed a systematic multi-omic assessment of 143 tumors and matched tumor-adjacent, histologically-normal lung tissue with long-term patient follow-up. Through histologic, mutational, and transcriptomic profiling of tumor and adjacent-normal tissue, we identified an inflammatory gene signature in tumor-adjacent tissue as the strongest clinical predictor of disease progression. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis demonstrated the progression-associated inflammatory signature was expressed in both immune and non-immune cells, and cell …

Voltage- And Calcium-Gated Membrane Currents Tune The Plateau Potential Properties Of Multiple Neuron Types, Curtis L Neveu, Paul Smolen, Douglas A Baxter, John H Byrne

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Many neurons exhibit regular firing that is limited to the duration and intensity of depolarizing stimuli. However, some neurons exhibit all-or-nothing plateau potentials that, once elicited, can lead to prolonged activity that is independent of stimulus intensity or duration. To better understand this diversity of information processing, we compared the voltage-gated and Ca²⁺-gated currents of three identified neurons from hermaphroditic Aplysia californica. Two of these neurons, B51 and B64, generated plateau potentials and a third neuron, B8, exhibited regular firing and was incapable of generating a plateau potential. With the exception of the Ca²⁺-gated potassium …

Documents From The November 8, 2023 Meeting Of The Associated Students Of The University Of Montana (Asum), University Of Montana--Missoula. Associated Students

Senate Meeting Agendas and Minutes, 2007-Present

Agenda and meeting minutes from the May 7, 2014 meeting of the Associated Students of the University of Montana (ASUM). The following resolutions were discussed during the meeting:

SB11-23/24: Resolution Commending KBGA

A Single Cell Genomics Atlas Of The Drosophila Larval Eye Reveals Distinct Photoreceptor Developmental Timelines, Komal Kumar Bollepogu Raja, Kelvin Yeung, Yoon-Kyung Shim, Yumei Li, Rui Chen, Graeme Mardon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The Drosophila eye is a powerful model system to study the dynamics of cell differentiation, cell state transitions, cell maturation, and pattern formation. However, a high-resolution single cell genomics resource that accurately profiles all major cell types of the larval eye disc and their spatiotemporal relationships is lacking. Here, we report transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility data for all known cell types in the developing eye. Photoreceptors appear as strands of cells that represent their dynamic developmental timelines. As photoreceptor subtypes mature, they appear to assume a common transcriptomic profile that is dominated by genes involved in axon function. We identify …

Counts, Incidence Rates, And Trends Of Pediatric Cancer In The United States, 2003–2019, David A Siegel, Jessica B King, Philip J Lupo, Eric B Durbin, Eric Tai, Kathi Mills, Elizabeth Van Dyne, Natasha Buchanan Lunsford, S Jane Henley, Reda J Wilson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Cancer is a leading cause of death by disease among children and adolescents in the United States. This study updates cancer incidence rates and trends using the most recent and comprehensive US cancer registry data available.

METHODS: We used data from US Cancer Statistics to evaluate counts, age-adjusted incidence rates, and trends among children and adolescents younger than 20 years of age diagnosed with malignant tumors between 2003 and 2019. We calculated the average annual percent change (APC) and APC using joinpoint regression. Rates and trends were stratified by demographic and geographic characteristics and by cancer type.

RESULTS: With …

Tazemetostat For Tumors Harboring Smarcb1/Smarca4 Or Ezh2 Alterations: Results From Nci-Cog Pediatric Match Apec1621c, Susan N Chi, Joanna S Yi, P Mickey Williams, Sinchita Roy-Chowdhuri, David R Patton, Brent D Coffey, Joel M Reid, Jin Piao, Lauren Saguilig, Todd A Alonzo, Stacey L Berg, Nilsa C Ramirez, Alok Jaju, Joyce C Mhlanga, Elizabeth Fox, Douglas S Hawkins, Margaret M Mooney, Naoko Takebe, James V Tricoli, Katherine A Janeway, Nita L Seibel, D Williams Parsons

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: National Cancer Institute-Children's Oncology Group Pediatric Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice assigns patients aged 1-21 years with refractory solid tumors, brain tumors, lymphomas, and histiocytic disorders to phase II trials of molecularly targeted therapies based on detection of predefined genetic alterations. Patients whose tumors harbored EZH2 mutations or loss of SMARCB1 or SMARCA4 by immunohistochemistry were treated with EZH2 inhibitor tazemetostat.

Methods: Patients received tazemetostat for 28-day cycles until disease progression or intolerable toxicity (max 26 cycles). The primary endpoint was objective response rate; secondary endpoints included progression-free survival and tolerability of tazemetostat.

Results: Twenty patients (median age = …

The Potential For Medicinal Cannabis To Help Manage Challenging Behaviour In People With Intellectual Disability: A Perspective Review, Laura Korb, Samuel Tromans, Bhathika Perera, Nagina Khan, Lisa Burrows, Richard Laugharne, Angela Hassiotis, Victoria Allgar, Daryl Efron, Ian Maidment, Rohit Shankar

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Around 2% of the population have intellectual disabilities. Over one-third people with intellectual disabilities (PwID) present with ‘challenging behaviour’, which nosologically and diagnostically is an abstract concept. Challenging behaviour is influenced by a range of bio-psycho-social factors in a population, which is unable to suitably comprehend and/or communicate concerns. This predisposes to poor health and social outcomes. There is no evidence-based treatments for managing challenging behaviour. Cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are being trialled for a range of disorders, which are over-represented in PwID and provoke challenging behaviours, such as severe epilepsy, spasticity, post-traumatic stress disorder, social phobia, pain, …

Is There Clarity On The Horizon For Peri‐Operative Oxygen Therapy?, D. Martin, A. Cumpstey

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Substance Use, Gender Differences, And Peer Influence Among College Students, Mary Hurst

Scholars Week

Abstract

College students all around the country have encounters with peers, in which they are pressured to consume alcohol or other substances. This research project investigates the extent to which gender and social anxiety influence an individual's likelihood to conform to peer pressure in the context of substance use. Conformity to peer pressure and its relationship to substance use is a critical area of study due to its implications for public health, prevention strategies, and gender-specific interventions. We will be assessing the potential of social anxiety and peer pressure influencing binge drinking on college campuses. We expect that (1) peer …

Modelling Basal Area Of Perennial Grasses In Australian Semi-Arid Wooded Grasslands, S. G. Marsden, K. C. Hodgkinson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In many semi-arid pastoral systems, landscape processes easily become dysfunctional. Shifts to less functional states may be irreversible, and have long-term consequences for pastoral profitability and social viability of rural communities. Typically, shifts to lower functional states involve a decline in perennial grasses (Hodgkinson, 1994). Here we develop a conceptual basis for modelling the basal area of perennial grasses in a semi-arid grassland and validate the model using data from a 10-year grazing study.

The Effect Of Manipulated Conservation Margins In Intensively Grazed Dairy Paddocks On The Biodiversity Of Pteromalidae And Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Parasitica), A. Anderson, G. Purvis, A. Helden, H. Sheridan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Conserving field margins provides an opportunity to enhance biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. The parasitoid Hymenoptera represent one of the most diverse and biologically specialised of all insect groups and play an important role in insect pest control (LaSalle & Gauld, 1993). The diversity of parasitiods in any habitat is theoretically likely to reflect the diversity of host taxa. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of field margin manipulations on the diversity of parasitoids as a wider indication of effects on general arthropod diversity.

Plant Diversity Patterns Along Altitudinal Gradient In Understory Communities Of Darkesh Region, Bojnord, Iran, A. Arjmandi, H. Ejtehadi, F. Memariani, Mansour Mesdaghi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The ecotone region of Darkesh with an area of 22,500 hectares is located in the Irano-Turanian xeric-continental bioclimatic zone of Khorassan-Kopet Dagh. To investigate the plant diversity patterns of understory communities along three elevation classes of 1100-1600, 1600-2100, and 2100-2600 m, 187 plots were sampled randomly and abundance and cover of species were recorded using 4-m² plots. Beta diversity and Hill indices were calculated by using R and PAST software. A total of 252 species were recorded including 31 perennial grasses. The most abundant grasses were Poa nemoralis, Poa bulbosa, Bromus sterilis, Brachypodium sylvaticum, and Dactylis glomerata subsp. glomerata …

Using Genetic Diversity In Deep Root Systems Of Perennial Forage Grasses And Rice To Capture Carbon In Tropical Soils, J. Arango, Daniel M. Villegas, R. N. Jauregui, J. A. Cardoso, C. Costa Jr., C. Rebolledo, M. F. Alvarez, M. Selvaraj, L. Rodriguez, M. Mayorga, P. Chavarriaga, A. Notenbaert, M. Quintero, M. Da Silva, Manabu Ishitani, M. Peters, I. Rao, Joe Tohme

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Agricultural soils have the potential not only to be sinks of carbon dioxide (CO₂) but also to mitigate the emissions of this gas to the atmosphere, thus, alleviating global warming. Perennial tropical grasses and rice upland and lowland varieties exhibit a large untapped genetic diversity in their root systems (e.g., deep rooting ability, exudation rates and chemical composition) that, if unlocked, could contribute to increased food production in crop-livestock systems while enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) in tropical regions. Naturebased solutions that improve crop adaptation and SOC storage in tropical soils could help to remove CO₂ from …

Salt Tolerance Mechanisms In Perennial Fodder Grasses, Edna Antony, B. Aravind, A. Amulya, T. Anushree, P. V. Rakshata, F. H. Savitha, M. B. Doddamani, P. V. Kuligod, Akbar, Vinod Kumar, K. Sridhar, Vijay Kumar Yadav

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Salinity stress is one of the most damaging stresses in crop plants. It reduces the productivity of the soil and makes it unsuitable for crop cultivation. Fodder crops are considered the best alternative in such uncultivable land. Using salinity-affected land for pasture development is the best alternative to utilize such lands. However, the extent of salinity tolerance varies among different grass species. In this study, Pearl millet Napier hybrids (PMN hybrid) and guinea grass varieties were studied for salinity tolerance in artificially created saline soils in the ratio of 13:7:1:2 (NaCl: Na₂SO₄: MgCl: CaSO₄, …

Effect Of Soil Nitrogen And Water Content On The Establishment Of A Lolium Perenne L. And Trifolium Repens L. Pasture, M. F. Alonso, Oscar A. Balocchi, I. Calvache, O. Martínez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Climate change has decreased rainfall in Southern Chile affecting the productivity of the grasslands that sustain the dairy and beef cattle industries. These grasslands are mainly mixtures of Lolium perenne L. and Trifolium repens L. Thus, we study the response on the establishment of a mixture of these two species to three levels of soil water content and two levels of nitrogen (N) fertilization. The trial was carried out in containers sowed in a complete randomized block´s design. Soil moisture measurements were taken daily. N fertilizations was applied at the establishment and every 60 days. Leaf appearance rate was measured …

The Impact Of Creativity On Alpha Activity, Serena Bruneaux

EKU Libraries Research Award for Undergraduates

No abstract provided.