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Effects Of Crate Size On Mortality And Postural Behavior In Post-Farrowing Sows, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Tami M. Brown-Brandl, Gary A. Rohrer, Sudhendu R. Sharma, Yeyin Shi

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Preweaning mortality (PWM) is a economic and animal well-being issue for swine producers in the US. On average, producers face about a 16% pre-weaning mortality. A significant portion of this, around 6%, is because sows accidentally overlay their piglets in farrowing crates. The posture behavior of sow plays a vital role in overlaying piglets and this behavior has a significant effect on farrowing crate dimensions. This study aims to explore the interplay between farrowing crate size, mortality rates, and postural behavior in post-farrowing sows. This study employed three farrowing stalls: Traditional (T), Expanded creep area (C), and Expanded sow area …

From Pedestal To Power, From Floating Fairies To Feminine Fury: How The Portrayal Of Women In Contemporary Performance Work Reflects Changes And The Lack Thereof In Societal Perceptions Of Women In The 21st Century, Lillany Weber

Theses : Honours

Dance can stand as a social commentary that can improve and progress social and societal development, positively impacting society, widely held views and the world. The research examines shifting gender perceptions in feminist dance practices, delving into how the portrayal of women in contemporary dance performance reflects changes and the lack thereof in societal perceptions of women in the 21st century. Given the extreme complexity of the modern world, this project seeks to build on past research to bring relevant exploration into today’s context. Utilising a qualitative case study analysis of 2023 work Body Body Commodity by Australian choreographer Jenni …

Pleasures And Politics: Moving Towards A Feminist Performance Practice, Delaney Burke

Theses : Honours

The focus of this research is the use of the female body as a tool for developing a feminist performance practice. This research interrogated the use of neo-burlesque and erotic dance in contemporary postdramatic performance. Contemporary feminist performance artists, such as Emma Maye Gibson (aka Betty Grumble), often use the female body as a tool for entertainment and political statement, and this trend parallels an increase of women moving into the burlesque and erotic dance spheres as professional performers and hobbyists. Despite this suggestion that the female body is a fertile site for feminist action and statement, its use is …

ผลของโปรแกรมการใช้น้ำมันหอมระเหย ต่อภาวะซึมเศร้าในผู้ป่วยภายหลังการเกิดภาวะกล้ามเนื้อหัวใจตายเฉียบพลัน, รดา วงษ์ศรี

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การศึกษาในครั้งนี้เป็นการวิจัยแบบกึ่งทดลอง มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลของโปรแกรมการใช้น้ำมันหอมระเหย ต่อภาวะซึมเศร้าในผู้ป่วยภายหลังการเกิดภาวะกล้ามเนื้อหัวใจตายเฉียบพลัน กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ ผู้ป่วยที่มีภาวะกล้ามเนื้อหัวใจตายเฉียบพลัน อายุตั้งแต่ 20 ปีขึ้นไป ขณะเข้ารับการรักษาในหอผู้ป่วยวิกฤตโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือด โรงพยาบาลพระมงกุฎเกล้า คัดเลือกกลุ่มตัวอย่างตามเกณฑ์คุณสมบัติ แบ่งเป็นกลุ่มควบคุมและกลุ่มทดลองกลุ่มละ 22 คน จับคู่ให้มีความใกล้เคียงกันในเรื่องเพศและอายุ กลุ่มควบคุมได้รับการพยาบาลปกติ ในขณะที่กลุ่มทดลองได้รับ โปรแกรมการใช้น้ำมันหอมระเหยต่อภาวะซึมเศร้าในผู้ป่วยภายหลังการเกิดภาวะกล้ามเนื้อหัวใจตายเฉียบพลัน ระยะเวลา 4 สัปดาห์ เครื่องมือที่ใช้เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูล คือ แบบสอบถามข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล แบบประเมินแบบสอบถามภาวะซึมเศร้า และ เครื่องมือกำกับการทดลอง คือ แบบบันทึกการใช้น้ำมันหอมระเหย มีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์ของครอนบาค 0.82 วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติบรรยายและสถิติt – test โดยกำหนดนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05 ผลการวิจัยพบว่า 1. ค่าเฉลี่ยคะแนนภาวะซึมเศร้าในผู้ป่วยภายหลังการเกิดภาวะกล้ามเนื้อหัวใจตายเฉียบพลันกลุ่มทดลองหลังได้รับโปรแกรมการใช้น้ำมันหอมระเหยต่ำกว่าก่อนได้รับโปรแกรมการใช้น้ำมันหอมระเหยอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05 (t = 7.35 ,df = 21 ,p = .000 ) 2. ค่าเฉลี่ยคะแนนภาวะซึมเศร้าในผู้ป่วยภายหลังการเกิดภาวะกล้ามเนื้อหัวใจตายเฉียบพลันกลุ่มทดลองต่ำกว่ากลุ่มควบคุมอย่างมีนัยสำคัญที่ระดับ .05 (t = 1.75 ,df = 42 ,p = .04 )

Author Bios, Author Bios

Intertidal

No abstract provided.

Closing Dichloramine Decomposition Nitrogen And Oxygen Mass Balances: Relative Importance Of End-Products From The Reactive Nitrogen Species Pathway, Huong T. Pham, David G. Wahman, Julian L. Fairey

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In drinking water chloramination, monochloramine autodecomposition occurs in the presence of excess free ammonia through dichloramine, the decay of which was implicated in N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation by (i) dichloramine hydrolysis to nitroxyl which reacts with itself to nitrous oxide (N₂O), (ii) nitroxyl reaction with dissolved oxygen (DO) to peroxynitrite or mono/dichloramine to nitrogen gas (N₂), and (iii) peroxynitrite reaction with total dimethylamine (TOTDMA) to NDMA or decomposition to nitrite/nitrate. Here, the yields of nitrogen and oxygen-containing end-products were quantified at pH 9 from NHCl₂ decomposition at 200, 400, or 800 μeq Cl₂·L …

The Influence Of Apoe Status On Rate Of Cognitive Decline, Cassandra Morrison, Michael Oliver, Virginia Berry, Farooq Kamal, Mahsa Dadar

Funded Scholarship

Background

Apolipoprotein (APOE) ɛ4 positivity and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) both increase risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. However, few studies have examined the relationship between SCD and APOE status, especially using longitudinal data. The current study examined whether APOE is associated with the rate of cognitive change in SCD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods

A sample of 3494 older adults (1990 normal controls, NC, 775 SCD, and 729 MCI) with a mean follow-up of 9.09 years were included from the Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center Research Sharing Hub. Linear mixed effects models examined the relationship between APOE status and …

True Confession Of An Artificial Intelligence System, Chester Gary Dds, Jd

The New York State Dental Journal

A technology that makes clinical recommendations and gives advice requires practitioners to engage in ethically guided clinical judgment to guard against its weaknesses.

Harnessing The Power Of Ai, Lance Plunkett Jd, Llm

The New York State Dental Journal

Federal government steps in to ensure safe, secure and trustworthy development of artificial intelligence.

Methods To Compare Sites Concerning A Category’S Change During Various Time Intervals, Thomas Mumuni Bilintoh, Robert Gilmore Pontius, Aiyin Zhang

Geography

This paper presents new methods to analyze a category’s change through a time series of maps, even when the time intervals have inconsistent durations. The methods include an option to facilitate comparison among sites by expressing results as an annual percentage of each site’s unified size. A site’s unified size is the union of where the category exists at any of the site’s time points. The methods also specify gross losses, gross gains, eight trajectories, and three components: Quantity, Exchange, and Alternation. The illustrative application compares maps of the marsh category for three Long-Term Ecological Research sites: Plum Island Ecosystems …

Weedy Rice Resistance To Imidazolinone Herbicides And Control With Glyphosate, Juan C. Velasquez, Veronica Hoyos, Nilda Roma-Burgos, Guido Plaza

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background

Weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a serious competitor of rice, causing severe yield losses. It contaminates and reduces the quality of harvested grain.

Objective

(1) evaluate the response of Colombian weedy rice accessions to glyphosate and the mixture of imazamox + imazapyr (F-IMIs) at commercial rates; (2) determine the resistance level of one morphotype of weedy rice putatively resistant to the F-IMIs from the objective (1).

Methods

Ten weedy rice accessions were evaluated for response to F-IMIs (imazamox + imazapyr 49.5 and 22.5 g a.i. ha-1, respectively) and glyphosate (960 g a.e. ha-1). One putative ALS-resistant and …

Impact Of High School Climate And Bullying On Depression And Anxiety In Emerging Adulthood, Tyler K. D. Larson

Honors Program Theses

Depression and anxiety disorders are a significant public health concern, especially among adolescents and emerging adults. Education is a central component of adolescents’ lives that shapes their development and experiences. School climate refers to the overall nature and quality of a school’s environment. Social relationships, teaching and learning practices, school facilities, safety, and school connectedness all contribute to school climate. Previous studies have found that positive school environments serve as a protective factor against adverse mental health outcomes. However, many of these studies focus on a single aspect of school climate, and there is conflicting evidence on how school climate …

An Optical Aptamer-Based Carbon Nanosensor For Cortisol Detection, Jessica Kretli Zanetti

Dissertations and Theses

Cortisol is a hormone related to numerous biological functions. This hormone is primarily associated with regulating the body’s stress response, including its effects on metabolism, immune function, and energy balance. Additionally, it plays a critical role in maintaining physiological homeostasis during periods of physical or psychological stress. Consequently, it is critical to monitor levels of this hormone to understand different vital processes it can impact. This work presents the development of an optical aptamer-based carbon nanosensor for the detection of cortisol. The sensor utilizes single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) functionalized with a specific DNA aptamer to achieve high specificity and sensitivity. …

Using Mechanical Interventions To Enhance Drug Transport To Bone Tumors, Michelle Gelbs

Dissertations and Theses

Bone metastasis occurs when cancer cells spread from a primary site to a secondary location in bone. Current treatments for metastatic bone tumors typically involve systemic chemotherapy, bisphosphonates, radiotherapy, or surgery; however, due to morphological changes in the tumor microenvironment and elevated interstitial fluid pressure, tissue penetration of therapeutic agents is often more limited in cancerous tumors compared to normal tissue. Weight-bearing mechanical loading applied to bone, as well as other mechanical stimulations such as vibration, have been shown to cause loading-induced bone deformations that increase convective transport via interstitial fluid flow. We hypothesize that mechanical loading can increase the …

Optimizing Transcranial Focused Ultrasound: Calibration, Neuro Navigation, And Bold Fmri Evidence Of Neuromodulation, Amilcar J. Malave

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis presents the development, calibration, and initial implementation of transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) for neuromodulation in a human study. The primary objectives were to design a system capable of delivering precise and safe ultrasound stimulation to targeted brain regions and to conduct preliminary trials to assess its effects on brain activity. A custom calibration device was developed to ensure accurate measurement of acoustic pressure, addressing challenges such as voltage alterations caused by changes in system impedance. Additionally, a neuro-navigation tool was created to facilitate precise targeting of the right subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (right sgACC), enabling accurate placement of …

Implementation Of Acid/Gas Digestion Approach To Maximize Volatile Fatty Acids Production From Municipal Sludge And A Techno-Economic Feasibility Study, Aykut Sayin

Dissertations and Theses

Acid digestion, which is the first step of two-phase acid/gas anaerobic digestion process, was studied to identify the optimum operating conditions that would maximize the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Batch and semi-continuous acid digesters were operated using combined primary sludge and waste-activated sludge as the feedstock from New York City (NYC)’s Wards Island water resource recovery facility (WRRF). Operating conditions tested in batch acid digesters for maximizing VFAs production included temperature (35-70°C), inoculum-to-substrate ratio (0.0-0.5 mgVS/mgVS), thickening (3-13%TS), and contact time (0-10 days), while simultaneously inhibition mechanisms on VFAs production were investigated. Once the optimum operating conditions for …

Orbital And Spin Angular Momentum Light Generation, Interactions, Special Photons, And Applications In Liquids, Solids, Vapors And Biological Tissue Media, Sandra Mamani Reyes

Dissertations and Theses

Photons possess many characteristics such as wavelength, coherence, speed, polarization and wavefront. The aim of this thesis is the study of two salient properties of light exploring light carrying polarization and space degree of freedom of the wavefront. The wavefront of light is complex with different states of polarization. Special light beams are generated and characterized for interaction with liquids, solids, vapors, and bio- materials to understand fundamental processes such as Transmission, Raman scattering, and Optical Kerr Effect in steady state and temporal domains.

It has been more than hundred years since it is known that light can carry other …

The Racial Disparities Of The Gamma-Secretase/Notch Pathway And Inhibition In Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Jobin Joseph

Dissertations and Theses

Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) continues to be a formidable challenge in oncology, characterized by its aggressive phenotype and limited treatment options. Alarming racial disparities in TNBC outcomes persist, with underrepresented populations experiencing disproportionately higher rates of mortality and poorer prognoses. This master's thesis aims to delve into the molecular intricacies that contribute to these disparities, with a specific focus on gamma secretase activity, a key regulator of cellular processes.

The research methodology encompasses a multi-faceted approach, amalgamating clinical data analysis with extensive in vitro and in vivo experimentation. The study employs cutting-edge molecular profiling techniques and gene expression analysis …

Alkaline Potassium Polyacrylate Electrolytes For Rechargeable Zinc-Manganese Dioxide Batteries, Jungsang Cho

Dissertations and Theses

Zinc (Zn)–manganese dioxide (MnO₂) rechargeable batteries have high specific theoretical capacity as well as being environmentally friendly, intrinsically safe and low-cost. Liquid electrolytes, such as potassium hydroxide (KOH), are historically used in these batteries; however, many failure mechanisms of the Zn–MnO₂ battery chemistry result from the use of liquid electrolytes, including the formation of electrochemically inactive compounds and shape change of Zn electrodes during charge and discharge cycling. This led to incorporation of an alkaline polymer electrolyte as an alternative to the liquid KOH electrolyte in Zn-MnO₂ rechargeable batteries, with the aim of making them non-spillable …

Therapist Engagement With Patient Nonverbal Behavior: Exploring These Interactions As A Mechanism Of Change In Virtual And In-Person Short-Term Psychotherapy, Elliana Sheriwn

Dissertations and Theses

The individual (intrapsychic) and dyadic (interpersonal) implications of nonverbal behavior have kindled interest among psychologists for decades. Many researchers and clinicians have studied nonverbal communication in the context of attachment and moment-to-moment interactions between parent and infant (Stern, 1977; Beebe et al., 2000). Theorists have also explored nonverbal behavior in the clinical setting as a dynamic relational dimension co-created by patient and therapist (Freedman and Lavendar, 1995). Although the extant literature highlights how nonverbal communication can inform psychotherapy outcome (e.g., by fostering empathy and building rapport), the topic of therapist engagement with patient nonverbal behavior—specifically, how these interactions serve as …

Effects Of The Cb1 Receptor Antagonist, Am251, On Maternal Behavior In Long-Evans Rat Dams, Jennifer Aguilera-Fonseca, Karla Colley, Eddie Galarza, Atoria Hamm, Joe Morse, Rachel Ntor, Destiny Pichardo, Vincent P. Markowski

McNair Scholars Program

No abstract provided.

The Roads Less Traveled: A Metaresearch Analysis Of Local Histories In Racial Health Equity Research, Devin Trévion Brown

Public Health Theses

While it is important that racial health equity research receive growing attention in theUnited States, doing so must involve a thorough recognition and interrogation of the role that structural racism plays in creating different outcomes for Black communities. History aids in making clear the process through which race can become biology as structural racism is embodied by members of Black communities. Guided by Táíwò’s conceptualization of “resource distribution and accumulation” as well as Carter’s discussion of “racialized local biologies”, this cross-sectional meta-research analysis sought to investigate when and how racial health equity research after 2020 utilized local history to understand …

Bmi's Early Echo: Deciphering Adolescent Body Mass Indicator On Adulthood Breast Cancer, Tianyu Feng

Public Health Theses

This study aimed to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) during adolescence and the risk of breast cancer in adulthood among a Chinese female population. We conducted a nested case-control study within a prospective cohort comprising 62,487 Chinese women aged 25-55 years. Adolescent BMI was retrospectively collected via interviewer-administered questionnaires and analyzed as the primary exposure variable. Breast cancer incidence served as the primary outcome. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was employed to adjust for confounding variables, such as socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and adult BMI.Of the 9,163 participants eligible for analysis, 57 breast cancer cases were identified during …

Wearable Passive Air Sampling And Crohn's Disease In Pregnancy, Hazel Ann Fajardo

Public Health Theses

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is an immune dysregulation in the gut caused by genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. IBD represents two chronic intestinal inflammatory disorders: ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s Disease (CD), both presenting with multiple gastrointestinal symptoms and complications that affect a patient’s quality of life. Throughout the years, patterns of IBD and CD across the globe vary with trends for IBD prevalence increasing since the 1950s, in North America, Europe, and Australia. Rising incidences in developing regions are seen in Asia and Latin America, and newly industrialized countries in Asia, Africa, and South America, in the 21st century. Several …

Exploring The Associations Between Stereotypes Of Aging And Dementia And Self-Reported Health In Parent-Adult Child Dyads, Yunke Gu

Public Health Theses

Stereotypes and stigma about Alzheimer’s Disease continue to emerge, as the number of populations affected by the disease in society is escalating. The sociocultural context sets the stage for the significant impact that Alzheimer’s has on family dynamics, especially for the adult children who provide over half of informal caregiving. Our study aims to adopt a dyadic approach, examining the interrelated experiences of adult child caregivers and their parents with ADRD. 126 dyads were included in this secondary data analysis. Measures included depressive symptoms and self-reported physical and mental health, stereotypes of aging and of person with memory loss. Results …

Polypharmacy Is Associated With Biomarkers Of Cognitive Frailty In Older People With Hiv, Priya Kosana

Public Health Theses

Background: Little is known on the impact of taking multiple medications in older people with HIV (PWH), who have higher rates of medical comorbidities than HIV uninfected individuals. We assessed the prevalence and clinical impact of polypharmacy among a large, mixed gender cohort of PWH, and assessed for the relationship between polypharmacy and clinical and laboratory-based biomarkers of cognitive frailty.Methods: We used data from the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5322 (HAILO) cohort of PWH aged 40 or older with plasma HIV RNA levels below 200 copies/µL from 2013 to 2014 study visits. We assessed the relationship between polypharmacy ( …

Light At Night And Cancer Incidence: A Gis-Based Study In The Us, Linshuoshuo Lyu

Public Health Theses

Aims: Light at night (LAN) can cause circadian disruption and was found to be a potential risk factor for several cancers. This study aims to confirm the adverse effect of LAN on hormone-related cancers and explore the association between LAN and the prevalence of various cancer types under an ecological study design. Methods: County-level age-adjusted cancer incidence data was obtained from the CDC Cancer Statistics (2016 to 2020), while LAN data (1996 to 2000) was obtained from the satellite imagery of Version 4 Defense Meteorological Satellite Program. Linear mixed effect regression models (LMMs) were performed to assess the relationship of …

Evaluating Knowledge And Attitudes Towards Dengue Fever And Its Vaccination Among Medical Staff In China: A Questionnaire-Based Study, Ip Man Lam

Public Health Theses

Dengue, a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus, has seen a significant increase in global incidence in recent decades. China has experienced a rapid rise in dengue cases since 2013, posing a serious threat to population health and increased economic burden. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes towards dengue fever and dengue vaccination among medical staff in China. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire survey targeting medical professionals in Zhejiang, Yunnan, and Hainan provinces, which are known endemic areas for dengue virus infection in China. The questionnaire assessed participants' understanding of dengue …

Effect Of A Weight-Loss Intervention On Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Among Breast Cancer Survivors In The Lifestyle, Exercise, And Nutrition (Lean) Study, Yiyi Li

Public Health Theses

Introduction: As the number of breast cancer survivors increases, ensuring quality of life during the survivorship period is important. Obesity may induce oxidative stress, which may be relevant mechanistically for adverse health outcomes among breast cancer survivors. Diet, exercise, and weight loss may mitigate oxidative stress, yet few lifestyle trials have investigated if these interventions have impacted oxidative stress. Therefore, we conducted a secondary analysis in a 6-month weight loss randomized controlled trial, the Lifestyle, Exercise, and Nutrition (LEAN) study, among breast cancer survivors with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 to evaluate the effect of the intervention …

Exploring The Use Of Mobile Health Application To Promote Self-Managment Of Cardiovascular Disease: A Study Of Age-Related Differences And Technology Adoption Among Chinese Patients, Yunan Mei

Public Health Theses

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality globally, particularly in China's aging population. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies offer a promising avenue to address healthcare disparities and enhance CVD management among the elderly. This study aims to explore the acceptance of mHealth in improving self-management of CVD among older adults in China, focusing on its potential to mitigate accessibility and treatment challenges.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Data were collected using an online Qualtrics questionnaire from 225 participants who met inclusion criteria including being Chinese speakers, diagnosed with …