Digital Commons Network^™

Oxphos Capacity Is Diminished And The Phosphorylation System Inhibited During Diapause In An Extremophile, Embryos Of Artemia Franciscana, Yuvraj N. Patil, Erich Gnaiger, Alexander P. Landry, Zachary J. Leno, Steven C. Hand

Faculty Publications

Diapause exhibited by embryos of Artemia franciscana is accompanied by severe arrest of respiration. A large fraction of this depression is attributable to downregulation of trehalose catabolism that ultimately restricts fuel to mitochondria. This study now extends knowledge on the mechanism by revealing metabolic depression is heightened by inhibitions within mitochondria. Compared with that in embryo lysates during post-diapause, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity P is depressed during diapause when either NADH-linked substrates (pyruvate and malate) for electron transfer (electron transfer capacity, E) through respiratory Complex I or the Complex II substrate succinate are used. When pyruvate, malate and succinate were …

Phosphatidic Acid Produced By Phospholipase Dα1 And Dδ Is Incorporated Into The Internal Membranes But Not Involved In The Gene Expression Of Rd29a In The Abscisic Acid Signaling Network In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Ruth Ndathe, Naohiro Kato

Faculty Publications

Core protein components of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling network, pyrabactin resistance (PYR), protein phosphatases 2C (PP2C), and SNF1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) are involved in the regulation of stomatal closure and gene expression downstream responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Phosphatidic acid (PA) produced by the phospholipases Dα1 and Dδ (PLDs) in the plasma membrane has been identified as a necessary molecule in ABA-inducible stomatal closure. On the other hand, the involvement of PA in ABA-inducible gene expression has been suggested but remains a question. In this study, the involvement of PA in the ABA-inducible gene expression was examined in the …

Transcriptomic Responses To Hypoxia In Two Populations Of Eastern Oyster With Differing Tolerance, Emma L. Crable, Heather Rodriguez, Rujuta V. Vaidya, Nicholas Coxe, Jerome F. La Peyre, Morgan W. Kelly

Faculty Publications

The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, is a keystone species native to the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic coasts of the United States and Canada. It provides habitat for other marine organisms and makes up the majority of oyster production in the United States. Despite its tolerance to hypoxic conditions, C. virginica is threatened by anthropogenic climate change, which is increasing both average temperature and the frequency and severity of hypoxic events. In this study, we explore the differences in hypoxia-transcriptional response between two populations of eastern oysters with known differences in hypoxia tolerance at three time points over the course …

Deep Purple – An Open-Pollinated Variety To Induce Haploids In Tropical Maize, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, Felipe Sabadin, Evellyn Giselly De Oliveira Couto, Pedro Henrique De Souza, Filipe Couto Alves, Giovanni Galli, Ronaldo Borsato Junior, Julio Cesar Dovale, Karina Lima Reis Borges, Deoclécio Domingos Garbuglio

Faculty Publications

Deep purple is an open-pollinated variety, well adapted to tropical conditions, developed to induce maternal haploids in maize. The founders were W23, Stock6, and an experimental tropical maize population. The inducer population inherits the dominant the R1-nj marker, and the expected real haploid induction rate is 3%.

Teaching Difficult Topics: Reflections From The Undergraduate Music Classroom, Olivia R. Lucas, Laura Moore Pruett

Faculty Publications

Teaching Difficult Topics provides a series of on-the-ground reflections from college music instructors working in a wide variety of institutional settings about their approaches to inclusive, supportive pedagogy in the music classroom. Although some imagine the music classroom to be an apolitical space, instructors find themselves increasingly in need of resources for incorporating issues of race and ethnicity, gender and sexuality, and historical trauma into their classrooms in ways that support student learning and safeguard their classroom communities. The teaching reflections in Teaching Difficult Topics examine difficult themes that fall into three primary categories: subjects that instructors sense to be …

Enriched Molecular-Level View Of Saline Wetland Soil Carbon By Sensitivity-Enhanced Solid-State Nmr, Wancheng Zhao, Elizabeth C. Thomas, Debkumar Debnath, Faith J. Scott, Frederic Mentink-Vigier, John R. White, Robert L. Cook, Tuo Wang

Faculty Publications

Soil organic matter (SOM) plays a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emission and regulating earth’s climate, carbon cycle, and biodiversity. Wetland soils account for one-third of all SOM; however, globally, coastal wetland soils are eroding faster due to increasing sea-level rise. Our understanding of carbon sequestration dynamics in wetlands lags behind that of upland soils. Here, we employ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) to investigate the molecular-level structure of biopolymers in wetland soils spanning 11 centuries. High-resolution multidimensional spectra, enabled by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), demonstrate enduring preservation of molecular structures within herbaceous plant cores, notably condensing aromatic motifs …

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Gene Pa4880 Encodes A Dps-Like Protein With A Dps Fold, Bacterioferritin-Type Ferroxidase Centers, And Endonuclease Activity, Nimesha Rajapaksha, Huili Yao, Aisha Cook, Steve Seibold, Lijun Liu, Kevin P. Battaile, Leo Fontenot, Fabrizio Donnarumma, Scott Lovell, Mario Rivera

Faculty Publications

We report the biochemical, structural, and functional characterization of the protein coded by gene PA4880 in the P. aeruginosa PAO1 genome. The PA4880 gene had been annotated as coding a probable bacterioferritin. Our structural work shows that the product of gene PA4880 is a protein that adopts the Dps subunit fold, which oligomerizes into a 12-mer quaternary structure. Unlike Dps, however, the ferroxidase di-iron centers and iron coordinating ligands are buried within each subunit, in a manner identical to that observed in the ferroxidase center of P. aeruginosa bacterioferritin. Since these structural characteristics correspond to Dps-like proteins, we term the …

Recent Advances In Chemistry And Antioxidant/Anticancer Biology Of Monoterpene And Meroterpenoid Natural Product, Benedict J. Barras, Taotao Ling, Fatima Rivas

Faculty Publications

Monoterpenes and meroterpenes are two large classes of isoprene-based molecules produced by terrestrial plants and unicellular organisms as diverse secondary metabolites. The global rising incidence of cancer has led to a renewed interest in natural products. These monoterpenes and meroterpenes represent a novel source of molecular scaffolds that can serve as medicinal chemistry platforms for the development of potential preclinical leads. Furthermore, some of these natural products are either abundant, or their synthetic strategies are scalable as it will be indicated here, facilitating their derivatization to expand their scope in drug discovery. This review is a collection of representative updates …

Modelling And Simulation Of The Cholesteric Landau-De Gennes Model, Andrew L. Hicks, Shawn W. Walker

Faculty Publications

This paper discusses modelling and numerical issues in the simulation of the Landau-de Gennes (LdG) model of nematic liquid crystals (LCs) with cholesteric effects. We propose a fully implicit, (weighted) L2 gradient flow for computing energy minimizers of the LdG model, and note a time-step restriction for the flow to be energy decreasing. Furthermore, we give a mesh size restriction, for finite-element discretizations, that is critical to avoid spurious numerical artifacts in discrete minimizers, particularly when simulating cholesteric LCs that exhibit 'twist.' Furthermore, we perform a computational exploration of the model and present several numerical simulations in three dimensions, on …

Lsu General Catalog 2024-2025, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

LSU General Catalog

The LSU General Catalog describes all undergraduate and graduate departments and programs with degree requirements and courses offered for each one. The LSU General Catalog includes information on registration and financial aid as well as academic services offered to all students.

Electrophysiological And Clinical Fundamentals Of Qtc Prolongation Induced By Antipsychotic Medications, Zaid Naseer, Minaal Khan, Najeeb Manalai, Allison Foroobar, Patricia Harrison, Charles Scercy, Beth Yanoff, Partam Manalai

Department Surgery Faculty Publications

Patients with psychiatric disorders undergoing antipsychotic treatment are at an elevated risk for adverse cardiovascular events, including arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. While the precise mechanisms linking cardiovascular diseases and psychiatric conditions remain unclear, QTc prolongation is suspected to be a contributing factor. The human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG, or KCNH2), which affects potassium channels, is implicated in the cardiotoxicity of various medications, including antipsychotics. This gene plays a critical role in determining whether a drug will be approved for market use. This paper elucidates the electrophysiological basis of QTc prolongation and reviews the evidence concerning which antipsychotics may exacerbate QTc …

Review Of Island Shores, Distant Pasts, Maggie M. Klemm

Nebraska Anthropologist

Review of Island Shores, Distant Pasts by Scott Fitzpatrick and Ann Ross. 2010. University of Florida Press, Florida. ix + 201 pp. $26.95 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-8130-5468-1. Reviewed by Maggie M. Klemm, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Island Shores, Distant Pasts is an important read for archaeologists and anthropologists currently or potentially interested in studying Caribbean archaeology. This text contains current and relevant interdisciplinary research that will expand readers’ knowledge about human settlement and the timing of migration events in the Caribbean. A positive aspect of this book is that the authors discuss objective results from their research and avoid speculative conclusions. Additionally, …

Review Of Soil Analysis In Forensic Taphonomy Chemical And Biological Effects Of Buried Human Remains, Erik Schulz

Nebraska Anthropologist

Review of Soil Analysis in Forensic Taphonomy Chemical and Biological Effects of Buried Human Remains, edited by Mark Tibbett and David O. Carter. 2008. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, Florida. vii + 340 pp. US $47.35 (alk. paper), ISBN 978-1-4200-6991-4. Reviewed by Erik Schulz School of Global Integrative Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

The content in this book is easy to read and understand as the authors and editors took time to simplify scientific terms and made sure to put the information in both scientific terms as well as simple enough for the public to understand. This …

Forensic Archaeology Protocols For Wildfires And Fire Related Scenes, Erik Schulz

Nebraska Anthropologist

Forensic Archaeology Protocols for Wildfires and Fire-Related Scenes

Forensic archaeology is a relatively new area of study and focuses on the medical legal aspects of archaeology. This paper will focus on how forensic archaeology should be used for wildfire and other fire-related fatalities or investigations, what happens to bone when exposed to heat, what protocols should be in place and how an excavation should look, and finally the challenges of fire-related investigations. This report will focus on the larger scale of the investigation and will be using several sources from different wildfire and fire fatality reports.

Revew Of Forensic Anthropology: A Comprehensive Introduction, John O. Obafunwa, William R. Belcher

Nebraska Anthropologist

Review of Forensic Anthropology: A Comprehensive Introduction edited by Natalie R. Langley and Maria Teresa A. Tersigni-Tarrant. 2017, 2nd Edition. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, Florida, USA. ISBN: 13: 978-1-4987-3612-1 (Hardback). Reviewed by John O. Obafunwa and William R. Belcher, School of Global Integrative Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Overall, this text fits very well into the body of literature in forensic anthropology and has largely addressed the purpose for undergraduate and graduate courses. It is not overly technical, and it is good for undergraduate teaching and practical work. The reviewers would also recommend it to graduate …

Review Of Atlas Of Human Cranial Macromorphoscopic Traits, Patrick Barchett

Nebraska Anthropologist

Review of Atlas of Human Cranial Macromorphoscopic Traits by Joseph T. Hefner and Kandus C. Linde. 2018. Academic Press, Cambridge. XXXI + 324 pp. $150 hardcover or $0 PDF on ResearchGate. 978-0-12-814385-8. Reviewed by Patrick Barchett, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

In the authors' concluding remarks, they address that, while they have many samples and photographs, they could not ever hope to provide the full context of human variation. With an estimated 107 billion people who are alive and have ever lived, this understanding is more important than ever. The authors also include that there is very little known about the connections …

Review Of The Marginalized In Death: A Forensic Anthropology Of Intersectional Identity In The Modern Era, Dakota L. Taylor

Nebraska Anthropologist

Review of The Marginalized in Death: A Forensic Anthropology of Intersectional Identity in the Modern Era by J. F. Byrnes and I. Sandoval-Cervantes. 2022. Lexington Books. Reviewed by Dakota Taylor, University of Nebraska–Lincoln.

This book is a compilation of articles that explore the representation of marginalized populations in the forensic anthropological record. The primary focus of this book is on the need for more research to be conducted in this field regarding marginalized populations. Some of the main takeaways from this book is the urgent need to train or educate forensic anthropologists about all these issues. Additionally, this book …

Inter- And Intra-Observer Error In Forensic Anthropology: Based Upon Langley Et Al. 2016 Data Collection Procedures For Forensic Skeletal Material 2.0 For The Cranium And Femur, Maggie M. Klemm, Dakota L. Taylor

Nebraska Anthropologist

Following the Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals (1993) ruling three decades ago, guidelines were established for determining the reliability and validity of expert testimony in court. These guidelines include considerations of whether the theory and methodologies employed have been tested, the establishment of potential or known error rates, and the existence and maintenance of the standards (Christensen, 2004). Testifying in court as an expert witness has become a critical role as a forensic anthropologist. As such, the methodologies, techniques, and standards utilized by forensic anthropologists must be carefully considered and adhere to the Daubert guidelines within the court system. One …

Constitutional Interpretation And Zombie Provisions, Michael L. Smith

Faculty Articles

The United States Constitution and state constitutions contain numerous zombie provisions, including language restricting marriage to relationships between one man and one woman, voter literacy test requirements, disqualification of atheists from serving in office or testifying as witnesses, and pervasive gendered language restricting rights and offices to men alone. Though these provisions are unenforceable due to subsequent amendment, determinations of federal unconstitutionality, or preemption by federal laws, they live on in constitutional text.

This Article addresses the danger of these zombie provisions that has, thus far, been overlooked the prospect that zombie provisions may influence the interpretation of still-living constitutional …

Workaholic Syndrome: Law And Psychology Explore The Far Reach Of The Egg Shell Doctrine, Victoria C. Duke-Dawson

Faculty Articles

For an undertaking an analysis of the implication of stress in the workplace, this article requires a four-part approach. Specifically, Part II explores how workplace stress, commonly known as work-induced stress; coupled with trauma, adaptive responses, and latent psychological conditions trigger workaholic syndrome thereby creating a dysfunctional psychological and physical impairment to the body. This section also outlines how stress activates components in the brain to create what psychologists are now referring to as an injury to the brain. Part III of this article describes the evolution of the eggshell doctrine from inception to the most recent conception, which is …

Artificial Intelligence (Ai) In Patent Practice: No Patent Attorneys Were Harmed In The Making Of This Ai Revolution (Book), Roberto Rosas, Juan Vasquez, Dianisa Erica Sosa, Francisco Javier Hernandez-Rodriguez, Daniel Kovach

Faculty Articles

This book provides a comprehensive examination of the rapidly evolving role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the patent law profession. Rather than a traditional legal text, this work offers an in-depth exploration of the profound impacts AI will have on patent attorneys' workflows and practices.

The central inquiry posies whether AI will ultimately replace patent attorneys or serve as a powerful complementary technology. This study contends that AI is poised to become an indispensable tool that augments and enhances the patent attorney's capabilities rather than renders them obsolete. Through detailed analysis of a patent attorney's typical workweek utilizing AI assistance, …

Youth Literacy And Social Practices In A Gaming Club, Abdul R. Siddiqui

Theses and Dissertations

One of the growing phenomena of our digital age is the proliferation of digital fan spaces (Gee, 2018). Dedicated to a specific fandom or activity, these spaces have allowed participants to play competitively, share videos with each other, create fanfiction, provide feedback to one another and engage in a host of literacies around something they share an affinity for (Black, 2009; Gee, 2017a). Through advances in technology, access to multiple tools and highly specialized knowledge of specific subjects, youth can now create communities in online spaces where they can engage in complex activities with their friends and fellow gamers without …

The Mechanisms Of Porphyromonas Gingivalis –Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles-Induced Neurotoxicity And Microglia Activation, Yi-Wen Chen, Wei-Chun Chuang, Cheng-Ning Yang, Sze-Kwan Lin, Ching-Chu Yu, Jhe-Hao Syu, Chun-Pin Chiang, Young-Ji Shiao, Han-Wei Wang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Abstract Background/purpose Periodontitis is associated with various systemic diseases, potentially facilitated by the passage of Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles (Pg-OMVs). Several recent studies have suggested a connection between Pg-OMVs and neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, but the precise causal relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying these associations using in vitro models. Materials and methods Isolated Pg-OMVs were characterized by morphology, size, and gingipain activity. We exposed SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and BV-2 microglial cells to various concentrations of Pg-OMVs. Cell morphology, a 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate …

Effects Of Low-Cost, Low-Tech Tools For Riparian Restoration On Prairie Streams In Western South Dakota, James Andrew Joseph Bolyard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite making up less than two percent of the overall landscape in the arid and semi-arid western US, riparian areas are a crucial resource for agriculture, livestock, and wildlife. However, many have impaired function and reduced riparian cover. Low-Cost, Low-Tech Tools (LCLTT) are a subset of Process-Based Restoration (PBR) used for riparian restoration that were chosen for their cost-effectiveness and minimal technical requirements. LCLTT has been tested in mountainous areas of the western US but only recently implemented in the Northern Great Plains (NGP). Given their novelty as an approach toward restoration for the region, professional restoration and landowner communities …

3d-Bioprinted Alginate-Based Bioink Scaffolds With Β-Tricalcium Phosphate For Bone Regeneration Applications, Yi-Fan Wu, Ya-Ting Wen, Eisner Salamanca, Lwin Moe Aung, Yan-Qiao Chao, Chih-Yun Chen, Ying-Sui Sun, Wei-Jen Chang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Abstract Background/purpose 3D-printed bone tissue engineering is becoming recognized as a key approach in dentistry for creating customized bone regeneration treatments fitting patients bone defects requirements. 3D bioprinting offers an innovative method to fabricate detailed 3D structures, closely emulating the native bone micro-environment and better bone regeneration. This study aimed to develop an 3D-bioprintable scaffold using a combination of alginate and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with the Cellink® BioX printer, aiming to advance the field of tissue engineering. Materials and methods The physical and biological properties of the resulting 3D-printed scaffolds were evaluated at 10 %, 12 %, and 15 % …

Small Rnas And Tooth Development: The Role Of Micrornas In Tooth Agenesis And Impaction, Viviana Caputo, Agnese Giovannetti, Rosanna Guarnieri, Francesco Petrizzelli, Sara Lazzari, Gabriella Padalino, Alice Traversa, Alessandro Napoli, Roberto Di Giorgio, Antonio Pizzuti, Chiara Parisi, Tommaso Mazza, Ersilia Barbato

Journal of Dental Sciences

Abstract Background/purpose Tooth development, or odontogenesis, is a complex process in which several molecular pathways play a key role. Recently, microRNAs, a class of approximately 20-nucleotide small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression, have been implicated in the odontogenesis process. This study aimed to assess the role of miRNAs in odontogenesis anomalies, specifically agenesis and impaction. Materials and methods We analyzed a manually curated list of 82 miRNAs associated with human odontogenesis, sourced from literature data. Employing two different approaches to validate findings, we conducted functional enrichment analysis to evaluate the cell pathways, diseases, and phenotypes enriched for those miRNAs. …

Creating An Extracellular Matrix-Like Three-Dimension Structure To Enhance The Corrosion Resistance And Biological Responses Of Titanium Implants, Ying-Sui Sun, Her-Hsiung Huang, Yi-Hsuan Tsai, Yu-Lin Kuo, Jyh-Wei Lee, Yun-Jung Lee, Thu Ya Linn, Peng Chen

Journal of Dental Sciences

Abstract Background/purpose Titanium (Ti) is extensively used in dental and orthopedic implants due to its excellent mechanical properties. However, its smooth and biologically inert surface does not support the ingrowth of new bone, and Ti ions may have adverse biological effects. The purpose is to improve the corrosion resistance of titanium and create a 3D structured coating to enhance osseointegration through a very simple and fast surface treatment. Materials and methods This study investigated the use of sandblasting, acid etching, and NaOH leaching to produce porous Ti implants with enhanced biological activity and corrosion resistance. Results These surface modifications generated …

Hit Unmute And Press Record: Developing A Young Adult Mental Health Podcast, Arielle Hernandez Lyons

Student Research – Stevenson Center

No abstract provided.

Development Of Innovative Flocculation Technologies For Agricultural Water Treatment, Noor Haleem

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The development of innovative flocculation technologies is essential for addressing the challenges of agricultural water treatment. These technologies play a crucial role in removing contaminants such as suspended solids and nutrients, thereby ensuring safer water for irrigation and livestock consumption. By enhancing water quality and wastewater management, they contribute significantly to environmental sustainability and public health in agricultural communities. This comprehensive thesis extensively explores various dimensions of flocculation, with a focused effort on methodologies and resources aimed at strengthening sustainability and efficiency. A pivotal aspect of the research involves synthesizing cationic starch (CS), a flocculant derived from an underutilized resource, …

Advancing Biological Applications Through Microfluidic-Based Tool Development, K.M. Taufiqur Rahman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research undertook an interdisciplinary approach, integrating bioengineering, microbiology, molecular biology, and systems biology to investigate bacterial dynamics behavior. Specifically, it delved into the development of microfluidic devices for biological applications such as bacterial cell counts, real-time observation of plant roots (here, specialized lectin-coated microbeads are used that mimic root characteristics), and soil microbe interactions. Furthermore, Next-Generation Sequencing and systems biology methodologies were employed to explore the intricate, multifaceted survival mechanisms of Escherichia coli persister population. Studying and quantifying persisters or testing for the existence of VBNC (viable but nonculturable) is challenging. These experiments require precise counts. It has been …