Digital Commons Network^™

Global Trend In Exosome Isolation And Application: An Update Concept In Management Of Diseases, Mohammadhassan Omrani, Hanieh Beyrampour-Basmenj, Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan, Mahnaz Talebi, Mortaza Raeisi, Zeinab Aliyari Serej, Naeimeh Akbar-Gharalari, Sina Khodakarimi, Jiaqian Wu, Abbas Ebrahimi-Kalan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by various cells offer great potential for use in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. EVs are heterogeneous membranous vesicles. Exosomes are a subtype of EVs, 40-150 nm spherical vesicles with a lipid layer derived from endosomes. Exosomes, which are involved in signal transduction and maintain homeostasis, are released from almost all cells, tissues, and body fluids. Although several methods exist to isolate and characterize EVs and exosomes, each technique has significant drawbacks and limitations that prevent progress in the field. New approaches in the biology of EVs show great potential for isolating and characterizing EVs, …

The Lymphoma Epidemiology Of Outcomes Cohort Study: Design, Baseline Characteristics, And Early Outcomes, James R Cerhan, Matthew J Maurer, Brian K Link, Andrew L Feldman, Thomas M Habermann, David L Jaye, W Richard Burack, Timothy J Mcdonnell, Francisco Vega, Jennifer R Chapman, Sergei Syrbu, Kiran R Vij, Giorgio Inghirami, John P Leonard, Leon Bernal-Mizrachi, Umar Farooq, Thomas E Witzig, George J Weiner, Yucai Wang, Juan P Alderuccio, Susan L Slager, Melissa C Larson, Shaun M Riska, Brianna J Gysbers, Julianne J Lunde, Tanner W Reicks, Amy A Ayers, Colin B O'Leary, Kathleen J Yost, Hongfang Liu, Grzegorz S Nowakowski, Jia Ruan, Dai Chihara, Jean L Koff, Carla Casulo, Carrie A Thompson, Jonathon B Cohen, Brad S Kahl, Loretta J Nastoupil, Izidore S Lossos, Jonathan W Friedberg, Peter Martin, Christopher R Flowers

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

To address the current and long-term unmet health needs of the growing population of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients, we established the Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes (LEO) cohort study (NCT02736357; https://leocohort.org/). A total of 7735 newly diagnosed patients aged 18 years and older with NHL were prospectively enrolled from 7/1/2015 to 5/31/2020 at 8 academic centers in the United States. The median age at diagnosis was 62 years (range, 18-99). Participants came from 49 US states and included 538 Black/African-Americans (AA), 822 Hispanics (regardless of race), 3386 women, 716 age <40 >years, and 1513 rural residents. At study baseline, we abstracted clinical, …

Normative Modelling Of Brain Morphometry Across The Lifespan With Centilebrain: Algorithm Benchmarking And Model Optimisation, Ruiyang Ge, Yuetong Yu, Yi Xuan Qi, Yu-Nan Fan, Shiyu Chen, Chuntong Gao, Shalaila S Haas, Faye New, Dorret I Boomsma, Henry Brodaty, Rachel M Brouwer, Randy Buckner, Xavier Caseras, Fabrice Crivello, Eveline A Crone, Susanne Erk, Simon E Fisher, Barbara Franke, David C Glahn, Udo Dannlowski, Dominik Grotegerd, Oliver Gruber, Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol, Gunter Schumann, Christian K Tamnes, Henrik Walter, Lara M Wierenga, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M Thompson, Sophia Frangou, Enigma Lifespan Working Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The value of normative models in research and clinical practice relies on their robustness and a systematic comparison of different modelling algorithms and parameters; however, this has not been done to date. We aimed to identify the optimal approach for normative modelling of brain morphometric data through systematic empirical benchmarking, by quantifying the accuracy of different algorithms and identifying parameters that optimised model performance. We developed this framework with regional morphometric data from 37 407 healthy individuals (53% female and 47% male; aged 3-90 years) from 87 datasets from Europe, Australia, the USA, South Africa, and east Asia following a …

The Hyphal-Specific Toxin Candidalysin Promotes Fungal Gut Commensalism, Shen-Huan Liang, Shabnam Sircaik, Joseph Dainis, Pallavi Kakade, Swathi Penumutchu, Liam D Mcdonough, Ying-Han Chen, Corey Frazer, Tim B Schille, Stefanie Allert, Osama Elshafee, Maria Hänel, Selene Mogavero, Shipra Vaishnava, Ken Cadwell, Peter Belenky, J Christian Perez, Bernhard Hube, Iuliana V Ene, Richard J Bennett

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The fungus Candida albicans frequently colonizes the human gastrointestinal tract, from which it can disseminate to cause systemic disease. This polymorphic species can transition between growing as single-celled yeast and as multicellular hyphae to adapt to its environment. The current dogma of C. albicans commensalism is that the yeast form is optimal for gut colonization, whereas hyphal cells are detrimental to colonization but critical for virulence

The Horrors Of Motherhood: An Examination Of Mothers In The Modern Horror Film, Abby Griffith

QuaesitUM

No abstract provided.

Analysis And Comparison Of Hybrid Gold-Based Nanoparticles And Their Potential Use In Optical Spectroscopy And Cancer Nanomedicine, Hailey Miller, Alberto Rodriguez

QuaesitUM

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Collagen Morphology On Aerogel, John Mullen

QuaesitUM

No abstract provided.

Primary Care As A Protective Factor: A Vision To Transform Health Care Delivery And Overcome Disparities In Health, Edward L. Machtinger, Alicia F. Lieberman, Christina D. Bethell, Marguerita Lightfoot

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

A large body of research demonstrates that experiences of trauma, especially when they occur in the absence of safe, stable, nurturing relationships (SSNRs) and environments— known as protective factors— interrupt healthy development and predispose both children and adults to the most common causes of physical and mental illness and early death.1,2 Because minoritized and low-income populations are exposed to more trauma and have access to fewer protective factors, they experience higher rates of trauma-related health and social problems and severe disparities in health.1–4 Primary care clinicians increasingly recognize the role that trauma plays in the health and well-being of their …

The Road To Hell Is Paved With Good Intentions: Deinstitutionalization And Mass Incarceration Nation, Corinna Barrett Lain

William & Mary Law Review

They say that the road to hell is paved with good intentions, and our failed implementation of deinstitutionalization in the 1970s is a prime example of the point. In this symposium contribution—a response to Jeffrey Bellin’s book Mass Incarceration Nation—I offer a historical account of deinstitutionalization of state mental hospitals, tracing how severely mentally ill patients were discharged from state hospitals and eventually made their way back to secure beds, but in our nation’s jails and prisons instead. Mental health and mass incarceration are not separate crises, I argue, but rather interconnected problems with an interconnected past that require …

Identifying Environmental And Genetic Risk Factors Of Diseases In Case-Control Studies, Siting Li

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

In response to the increasing efforts in disease prevention and treatment, this thesis applies statistical methods to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors associated with two diseases: bladder cancer and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). For bladder cancer, we investigated the association between toenail metal mixture and bladder cancer risk, along with gene expression levels associated with bladder cancer risk. For ALS, our investigation involves identifying genetic variants and gene expression levels associated with ALS risk and exploring gene-smoking interactions linked to ALS risk.

In chapter two, we developed an adaptive-mixture-categorization (AMC)-based g-computation method combining g-computation with optimized exposure categorization. We …

Stress Effects On The Growth Physiology Of Pacific Rockfishes (Sebastes Spp.): Negative Impacts Of Cortisol And Elevated Temperature Exposure, Hayley M. Mapes

Master's Theses

Fish experiencing stressful conditions increase production of the glucocorticoid hormone cortisol, which alters energy intake and allocation to help recover physiological homeostasis. Fish experiencing prolonged elevations of cortisol, however, often exhibit reduced somatic growth. While it has been shown previously in fish that cortisol inhibits anabolic growth processes in part via changes in endocrine growth hormone (Gh)/insulin- like growth factor-1 (Igf1) signaling, it is not fully understood which components of Gh/Igf1 pathways are modulated by cortisol. Here, we explored how cortisol influences the Gh/Igf1 system in blue rockfish (Sebastes mystinus) by administering exogenous cortisol and examining effects on …

Insights Into Cellular Evolution: Temporal Deep Learning Models And Analysis For Cell Image Classification, Xinran Zhao

Master's Theses

Understanding the temporal evolution of cells poses a significant challenge in developmental biology. This study embarks on a comparative analysis of various machine-learning techniques to classify cell colony images across different timestamps, thereby aiming to capture dynamic transitions of cellular states. By performing Transfer Learning with state-of-the-art classification networks, we achieve high accuracy in categorizing single-timestamp images. Furthermore, this research introduces the integration of temporal models, notably LSTM (Long Short Term Memory Network), R-Transformer (Recurrent Neural Network enhanced Transformer) and ViViT (Video Vision Transformer), to undertake this classification task to verify the effectiveness of incorporating temporal features into the classification …

The Metameric Echinoderm, Richard L. Turner

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Animal phyla are distinguished by their body plans, the ways in which their bodies are organized. A distinction is made, for example, among phyla with bodies of many segments (metameric; e.g., annelids, arthropods, and chordates), others with completely unsegmented bodies (americ; e.g., flatworms and mollusks), and a few phyla with bodies of 2 or 3 regions (oligomeric; e.g., echinoderms and hemichordates). The conventional view of echinoderms as oligomeric coelomates adequately considers early development, but it fails to recognize the metameric body plan that develops in the juvenile rudiment and progresses during indeterminate adult growth. As in the 3 phyla traditionally …

Field Research Report: Results From The Enreec Vri Field For The 2021, 2022, And 2023 Crop Seasons, Derek M. Heeren, Ali T. Mohammed, Eric Wilkening, Christopher M. U. Neale, Alan L. Boldt, Ankit Chandra, Precious Nneka Amori, Ivo Z. Goncalves, Yeyin Shi, Guillermo R. Balboa

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Presentations and White Papers

Long-term irrigation management research has been conducted from 2014 to 2023 for corn and soybean at the Eastern Nebraska Research, Extension, and Education Center (ENREEC) Variable Rate Irrigation (VRI) Field located in subhumid east-central Nebraska (in the Lower Platte North Natural Resources District). The objective of this report was to present the overall results from the VRI Field for 2021 to 2023. Across the three growing seasons, there were the following irrigation treatments: Best Management Practice (BMP), 50% BMP, 125% BMP, rainfed, Spatial ET Modeling Interface (SETMI), SDD1, SDD2, machine-learning-based Cyber-Physical System (CPS), a student team recommended rate, and industry …

Variation In Leaf Chlorophyll Concentration In Response To Nitrogen Application Across Maize Hybrids In Contrasting Environments, Kyle M. Linders, Dipak K. Santra, James C. Schnable, Brandi Sigmon

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Leaf chlorophyll concentration was measured for 84 publicly available maize hybrids grown under three nitrogen fertilizer treatments in two contrasting environments in Nebraska. The effect of nitrogen treatment on chlorophyll response was found to be significant (p < 0.05) for both locations. In Scottsbluff, chlorophyll concentrations increased significantly with increasing nitrogen rate, while no significant difference was found between medium and high nitrogen in Lincoln. Within equivalent nitrogen treatments, chlorophyll was more abundant in Lincoln than Scottsbluff for nearly every hybrid. Hybrid response was not consistent between environments, with approximately 11% of variance explained by genotype by environment interaction.

Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Derived Acetate Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Development By Altering Polyamine Metabolism Via The Acss2–Sp1–Sat1 Axis, Divya Murthy, Kuldeep S. Attri, Surendra K. Shukla, Ravi Thakur, Nina V. Chaika, Chunbo He, Dezhen Wang, Kanupriya Jha, Aneesha Dasgupta, Ryan J. King, Scott E. Mulder, Joshua Souchek, Teklab Gebregiworgis, Vikant Rai, Rohit Patel, Tuo Hu, Sandeep Rana, Sai Sundeep Kollala, Camila Pacheco, Paul M. Grandgenett, Fang Yu, Vikas Kumar, Audrey J. Lazenby, Adrian R. Black, Susanna Ulhannan, Ajay Jain, Barish H. Edil, David L. Klinkebiel, Robert Powers, Amarnath Natarajan, Michael A. Hollingsworth, Kamiya Mehla2,, Quan Ly, Sarika Chaudhary, Rosa F. Hwang, Kathryn E. Wellen, Pankaj K. Singh

Robert Powers Publications

The ability of tumour cells to thrive in harsh microenvironments depends on the utilization of nutrients available in the milieu. Here we show that pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) regulate tumour cell metabolism through the secretion of acetate, which can be blocked by silencing ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) in CAFs. We further show that acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) channels the exogenous acetate to regulate the dynamic cancer epigenome and transcriptome, thereby facilitating cancer cell survival in an acidic microenvironment. Comparative H3K27ac ChIP–seq and RNA–seq analyses revealed alterations in polyamine homeostasis through regulation of SAT1 gene expression and enrichment …

Immunomodulatory Effects Of Baff And April Cytokines In Post-Pulmonary Infection Lung Cancer: Implications For Drug Resistance And Progression, Wael Alturaiki

Saudi Medical Journal

Lung cancer is a complicated and challenging disease and is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Within the lung microenvironment, specific cytokines, including the B cell activation factor (BAFF) and the A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), are produce by various cells, notably airway epithelial cells, in response allergic inflammation or pulmonary infection. These cytokines play a critical role in maintaining local immune responses and fostering the survival of immune cells. The BAFF and APRIL system have been connected in a range of malignancies and have shown their potential in inducing drug resistance and promoting cancer progression. This …

Hematological Malignancies: Prevalence And Hematological Characteristics In A Single Center In Southern Saudi Arabia, Adil M. Alshahrani, Omayma S Bakheet, Mohammed H. Makkawi, Sultan Z. Alasmari

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of leukemia in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia and the importance of hematological, biochemical and coagulation profiles for leukemic patients in the context of disease management. Methods: This retrospective study comprised 210 patients between 2012 and 2022 who had been diagnosed with leukemia at different ages. The multiple unpaired t-test was used to compare leukemic patients with control samples, which consisted of healthy individuals, and p <0.05 was taken as significant. The data was compiled from Aseer Central Hospital in the Aseer region and collected through peripheral blood smear and bone marrow biopsy (2012-2017) or by flow cytometry (2018-2022), according to the hospital information system and registry data. Results: Of the total 210 leukemic patients (61.4% males and 38.6% females), 104 cases (2012-2017) were diagnosed based on peripheral blood smear and bone marrow biopsy, and 106 cases (2018-2022) based on flow cytometry. Fifteen subtypes of leukemia were identified, with chronic myeloid leukemia being the most common (34.2%), followed by acute myeloid leukemia (17.6%), chronic lymphoblastic leukemia (11.9%), and B-cell acute lymphoid leukemia (9.5%). Other rare cases were also found. Conclusion: Of the 210 leukemia cases diagnosed in the Aseer region between 2012-2022, the most common subtype was chronic myeloid leukemia, followed by acute myeloid leukemia. In all leukemia subtypes, distinctive significant changes were observed in hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, and coagulation profiles.

Image-Based Multiplex Immune Profiling Of Cancer Tissues: Translational Implications. A Report Of The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group On Breast Cancer., Chowdhury Arif Jahangir, David B. Page, Glenn Broeckx, Claudia A. Gonzalez, Caoimbhe Burke, Clodagh Murphy, Jorge S. Reis-Filho, Amy Ly, Paul Harms, Shahin Sayed

Pathology, East Africa

Recent advances in the field of immuno-oncology have brought transformative changes in the management of cancer patients. The immune profile of tumours has been found to have key value in predicting disease prognosis and treatment response in various cancers. Multiplex immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence have emerged as potent tools for the simultaneous detection of multiple protein biomarkers in a single tissue section, thereby expanding opportunities for molecular and immune profiling while preserving tissue samples. By establishing the phenotype of individual tumour cells when distributed within a mixed cell population, the identification of clinically relevant biomarkers with high-throughput multiplex immunophenotyping of tumour …

A Hegelian Study Of Richard Ford’S Bascombe Tetralogy, Arash Khoshsafa

Student Works (2020-2029)

This dissertation investigates Richard Ford’s principal character, Frank Bascombe, in his four consecutive books, The Sportswriter, Independence Day, The Lay of the Land and Let Me Be Frank With You, from Hegel’s familial love and self-consciousness theory. The project’s four chapters examine Hegel’s general philosophy concerning the a for ementioned concepts and then provide a close reading analysis of their loss throughout Frank’s lifetime, which begins with the new post-divorce days in The Sportswriter in his mid-30s and ends with an old Frank in Let Me Be Frank With You. Richard Ford’s Bascombe Tetralogy challenges us to look at our …

Limonene Enantiomeric Ratios From Anthropogenic And Biogenic Emission Sources, Shan Gu, Wentai Luo, Avisa Charmchi, Kevin J. Mcwhirter, Todd Rosenstiel, James F. Pankow

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Emissions from volatile chemical products (VCPs) have been identified as contributors to air quality degradation in urban areas. Limonene can be a tracer compound for VCPs containing fragrances in densely populated regions, but limonene is also emitted from conifers that are planted in urban areas. This creates challenges for using limonene to estimate VCP emissions. In this study, the −/+ enantiomeric ratios of limonene from VCP and conifer emission sources were quantified to evaluate if this measurement could be used to aid in source apportionment and emission inventory development. Samples were analyzed using a gas chromatograph equipped with a chiral …

The Α-Crystallin Chaperones Undergo A Quasi-Ordered Co-Aggregation Process In Response To Saturating Client Interaction, Kirsten Lampi, Adam P. Miller, Susan E. O'Neill, Steve L. Reichow

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are ATP-independent chaperones vital to cellular proteostasis, preventing protein aggregation events linked to various human diseases including cataract. The α-crystallins, αA-crystallin (αAc) and αB-crystallin (αBc), represent archetypal sHSPs that exhibit complex polydispersed oligomeric assemblies and rapid subunit exchange dynamics. Yet, our understanding of how this plasticity contributes to chaperone function remains poorly understood. This study investigates structural changes in αAc and αBc during client sequestration under varying degree of chaperone saturation. Using biochemical and biophysical analyses combined with single-particle electron microscopy (EM), we examined αAc and αBc in their apo-states and at various stages of …

N Y State Dent J March 2024

The New York State Dental Journal

In the March 2024 issue, the reader will find the following feature articles:

• Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim-Induced Thrombocytopenia
• Dentists and Oral Surgeons, Beware
• Squamous Odontogenic Tumor

This issue includes regular columns with regional news impacting the New York membership including: editorial and perspectives columns, legal, association activities, component news, continuing education opportunities, and classifieds.

All Golden Parachutes That Glitter Are Not Gold, Chester J. Gary Dds, Jd

The New York State Dental Journal

Dental practice owners who pull the ripcord of their retirement parachute in selling their practices to private equity-funded companies must protect themselves from personal risk and dentistry from threats to its status as a profession.

Study Of The Relationship Among Economic Variables In Cattle Production In A Region Of Peru, Based On Plithogenic Statistics, Ketty Marilú Moscoso-Paucarchuco, Michael Raiser Vásquez-Ramírez, Humberto Rafael Yupanqui-Villanueva, Wilfredo Fernando Yupanqui-Villanueva, Omar Arturo Vivanco-Nuñez, Manuel Michael Beraún-Espíritu, Rafael Jesús Fernández-Jaime, Edgar Gutiérrez-Gómez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This paper is an in-depth study that starts from a preliminary one, where we surveyed 141 ranchers from the town of Coto-Coto in Peru to obtain as much information as possible about the relationship between two economic variables, Activity Cost and Financial Management. Furthermore, we study the correlation of the first one of them with three other economic vari ables. To do this, we process the survey data using logical operators with the support of the plithogenic statistics theory. These results given in the form of plithogenic values are logically aggregated and were converted to crisp values and studied through …

Neutrosophy Transcends Binary Oppositions In Mythology And Folklore, Florentin Smarandache

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This article is a brief foray into the intricate realm of mythological and folkloric composite entities. Our analysis posits that these hybrid and superhybrid creatures serve as compelling evidence that the human psyche consistently transcends binary oppositions as in neutrosophy. Across diverse cultures and epochs, the human mind exhibits a propensity for nuanced and neutrosophic vantage points, defying simplistic categorizations. Additionally, we make some remarks pertaining to the subject matter, and open up a few less conventional questions.

Measurement Of The Effectiveness Of An Educational Program Inspired By Indigenous Knowledge For Forest Management, Applied To Forest Engineering Students At The National University Of Central Peru, Using The Neutrosophic 2-Tuple Linguistic Method, Melina Lisbet, Rubén Gelacio Caballero Salas, Milciades Aníbal Baltazar Ruiz, Carlos Eduardo Caballero Salas, Guillermo Ayllon Pinchi, Rolando Carlos Canteño Gavino, Keneth Reategui Del Aguila, Wilmer Ortega Chávez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The “guide to Asháninka knowledge for forest management” is a document prepared by aca demics and scientists from the National University of Central Peru (NUCP) in the Faculty of Forestry Engineering, which includes the knowledge of this indigenous people about forest nature. Despite being ancestral knowledge, we believe that it can serve as a complement to the scientific study of the subject since it is based on knowledge accumulated over centuries of experience. The main purpose of this article is to determine the influence of the “Ashaninka knowledge guide for forest management” on the learning level of NUCP Forest Engineering …

Modeling Influenced Criteria In Classifiers' Imbalanced Challenges Based On Trss Bolstered By The Vague Nature Of Neutrosophic Theory, Ibrahim El-Henawy, Shrouk El-Amir, Mona Mohamed, Florentin Smarandache

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Because of the advancements in technology, classification learning has become an essential activity in today's environment. Unfortunately, through the classification process, we noticed that the classifiers are unable to deal with the imbalanced data, which indicates there are many more instances (majority instances) in one class than in another. Identifying an appropriate classifier among the various candidates is a time-consuming and complex effort. Improper selection can hinder the classification model's ability to provide the right outcomes. Also, this operation requires preference among a set of alternatives by a set of criteria. Hence, multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methodology is the appropriate …

Neutrosophic Sets And Systems, Vol. 65,2024, Florentin Smarandache, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Said Broumi

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of China’S Perceived Geographic Locations Of Interest By Use Of Value Informed Facility Location Models, Layton C. Hedge

Theses and Dissertations

This research examines China and derives insights specific to it and the First Island Chain and the Second Island Chain. In doing so, this research demonstrates a methodology to examine other competitors and their geostrategic interests. In the first phase of analysis, it develops a value hierarchy to depict objectives within subregions of the area of interest and considers four alternative weightings of the value hierarchy. In the second phase of analysis, it applies four location-covering models to assess how the competitor would emplace a range of limited resources to deter and/or control points of interest. Results indicate that land-based …