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Articles 66811 - 66840 of 818958

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Brca1-Mediated Dual Regulation Of Ferroptosis Exposes A Vulnerability To Gpx4 And Parp Co-Inhibition In Brca1-Deficient Cancers, Guang Lei, Chao Mao, Amber D Horbath, Yuelong Yan, Shirong Cai, Jun Yao, Yan Jiang, Mingchuang Sun, Xiaoguang Liu, Jun Cheng, Zhihao Xu, Hyemin Lee, Qidong Li, Zhengze Lu, Li Zhuang, Mei-Kuang Chen, Anagha Alapati, Timothy A Yap, Mien-Chie Hung, Mingjian James You, Helen Piwnica-Worms, Boyi Gan Aug 2024

Brca1-Mediated Dual Regulation Of Ferroptosis Exposes A Vulnerability To Gpx4 And Parp Co-Inhibition In Brca1-Deficient Cancers, Guang Lei, Chao Mao, Amber D Horbath, Yuelong Yan, Shirong Cai, Jun Yao, Yan Jiang, Mingchuang Sun, Xiaoguang Liu, Jun Cheng, Zhihao Xu, Hyemin Lee, Qidong Li, Zhengze Lu, Li Zhuang, Mei-Kuang Chen, Anagha Alapati, Timothy A Yap, Mien-Chie Hung, Mingjian James You, Helen Piwnica-Worms, Boyi Gan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Resistance to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) limits the therapeutic efficacy of PARP inhibition in treating breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1)-deficient cancers. Here we reveal that BRCA1 has a dual role in regulating ferroptosis. BRCA1 promotes the transcription of voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (VDAC3) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4); consequently, BRCA1 deficiency promotes cellular resistance to erastin-induced ferroptosis but sensitizes cancer cells to ferroptosis induced by GPX4 inhibitors (GPX4i). In addition, nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy and defective GPX4 induction unleash potent ferroptosis in BRCA1-deficient cancer cells upon PARPi and GPX4i …

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Rosiglitazone And Trametinib Exhibit Potent Anti-Tumor Activity In A Mouse Model Of Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer, Sakina A Plumber, Tiffany Tate, Hikmat Al-Ahmadie, Xiao Chen, Woonyoung Choi, Merve Basar, Chao Lu, Aaron Viny, Ekatherina Batourina, Jiaqi Li, Kristjan Gretarsson, Besmira Alija, Andrei Molotkov, Gregory Wiessner, Byron Hing Lung Lee, James Mckiernan, David J Mcconkey, Colin Dinney, Bogdan Czerniak, Cathy Lee Mendelsohn Aug 2024

Rosiglitazone And Trametinib Exhibit Potent Anti-Tumor Activity In A Mouse Model Of Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer, Sakina A Plumber, Tiffany Tate, Hikmat Al-Ahmadie, Xiao Chen, Woonyoung Choi, Merve Basar, Chao Lu, Aaron Viny, Ekatherina Batourina, Jiaqi Li, Kristjan Gretarsson, Besmira Alija, Andrei Molotkov, Gregory Wiessner, Byron Hing Lung Lee, James Mckiernan, David J Mcconkey, Colin Dinney, Bogdan Czerniak, Cathy Lee Mendelsohn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Muscle invasive bladder cancers (BCs) can be divided into 2 major subgroups-basal/squamous (BASQ) tumors and luminal tumors. Since Pparg has low or undetectable expression in BASQ tumors, we tested the effects of rosiglitazone, Pparg agonist, in a mouse model of BASQ BC. We find that rosiglitazone reduces proliferation while treatment with rosiglitazone plus trametinib, a MEK inhibitor, induces apoptosis and reduces tumor volume by 91% after 1 month. Rosiglitazone and trametinib also induce a shift from BASQ to luminal differentiation in tumors, which our analysis suggests is mediated by retinoid signaling, a pathway known to drive the luminal differentiation program. …

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Pathways And Timescales Of Southern Ocean Hydrothermal Iron And Manganese Transport, Antony J. Birchill, Chelsea Baker, Neil Wyatt, Katsiaryna Pabortsava, Hugh Venables, Mark Moore, Isobel Turnbull, Angela Milne, Simon Ussher, Sophy Oliver, Adrian Martin Aug 2024

Pathways And Timescales Of Southern Ocean Hydrothermal Iron And Manganese Transport, Antony J. Birchill, Chelsea Baker, Neil Wyatt, Katsiaryna Pabortsava, Hugh Venables, Mark Moore, Isobel Turnbull, Angela Milne, Simon Ussher, Sophy Oliver, Adrian Martin

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Scarcity of iron and manganese limits the efficiency of the biological carbon pump over large areas of the Southern Ocean. The importance of hydrothermal vents as a source of these micronutrients to the euphotic zone of the Southern Ocean is debated. Here we present full depth profiles of dissolved and total dissolvable trace metals in the remote eastern Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean (55–60° S, 89.1° W), providing evidence of enrichment of iron and manganese at depths of 2000–4000 m. These enhanced micronutrient concentrations were co-located with 3He enrichment, an indicator of hydrothermal fluid originating from ocean ridges. …

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Caspase-2 Is Essential For Proliferation And Self-Renewal Of Nucleophosmin-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Dharaniya Sakthivel, Alexandra N Brown-Suedel, Karla E Lopez, Suruchi Salgar, Luiza E Coutinho, Francesca Keane, Shixia Huang, Kenneth Mc Sherry, Chloé I Charendoff, Kevin P Dunne, Dexter J Robichaux, Alexander Vargas-Hernández, Baochau Le, Crystal S Shin, Alexandre F Carisey, Marcin Poreba, Jonathan M Flanagan, Lisa Bouchier-Hayes Aug 2024

Caspase-2 Is Essential For Proliferation And Self-Renewal Of Nucleophosmin-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Dharaniya Sakthivel, Alexandra N Brown-Suedel, Karla E Lopez, Suruchi Salgar, Luiza E Coutinho, Francesca Keane, Shixia Huang, Kenneth Mc Sherry, Chloé I Charendoff, Kevin P Dunne, Dexter J Robichaux, Alexander Vargas-Hernández, Baochau Le, Crystal S Shin, Alexandre F Carisey, Marcin Poreba, Jonathan M Flanagan, Lisa Bouchier-Hayes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Mutation in nucleophosmin (NPM1) causes relocalization of this normally nucleolar protein to the cytoplasm (NPM1c+). Despite NPM1 mutation being the most common driver mutation in cytogenetically normal adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the mechanisms of NPM1c+-induced leukemogenesis remain unclear. Caspase-2 is a proapoptotic protein activated by NPM1 in the nucleolus. Here, we show that caspase-2 is also activated by NPM1c+ in the cytoplasm and DNA damage–induced apoptosis is caspase-2 dependent in NPM1c+ but not in NPM1wt AML cells. Strikingly, in NPM1c+ cells, caspase-2 loss results in profound cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and down-regulation of stem cell pathways that regulate …

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Lipid Droplet-Associated Hydrolase Mobilizes Stores Of Liver X Receptor Sterol Ligands And Protects Against Atherosclerosis, Young-Hwa Goo, Janeesh Plakkal Ayyappan, Francis D Cheeran, Sushant Bangru, Pradip K Saha, Paula Baar, Sabine Schulz, Todd A Lydic, Bernhard Spengler, Andreas H Wagner, Auinash Kalsotra, Vijay K Yechoor, Antoni Paul Aug 2024

Lipid Droplet-Associated Hydrolase Mobilizes Stores Of Liver X Receptor Sterol Ligands And Protects Against Atherosclerosis, Young-Hwa Goo, Janeesh Plakkal Ayyappan, Francis D Cheeran, Sushant Bangru, Pradip K Saha, Paula Baar, Sabine Schulz, Todd A Lydic, Bernhard Spengler, Andreas H Wagner, Auinash Kalsotra, Vijay K Yechoor, Antoni Paul

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Foam cells in atheroma are engorged with lipid droplets (LDs) that contain esters of regulatory lipids whose metabolism remains poorly understood. LD-associated hydrolase (LDAH) has a lipase structure and high affinity for LDs of foam cells. Using knockout and transgenic mice of both sexes, here we show that LDAH inhibits atherosclerosis development and promotes stable lesion architectures. Broad and targeted lipidomic analyzes of primary macrophages and comparative lipid profiling of atheroma identified a broad impact of LDAH on esterified sterols, including natural liver X receptor (LXR) sterol ligands. Transcriptomic analyzes coupled with rescue experiments show that LDAH modulates the expression …

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Znf397 Deficiency Triggers Tet2-Driven Lineage Plasticity And Ar-Targeted Therapy Resistance In Prostate Cancer, Yaru Xu, Yuqiu Yang, Zhaoning Wang, Martin Sjöström, Yuyin Jiang, Yitao Tang, Siyuan Cheng, Su Deng, Choushi Wang, Julisa Gonzalez, Nickolas A Johnson, Xiang Li, Xiaoling Li, Lauren A Metang, Atreyi Mukherji, Quanhui Xu, Carla R Tirado, Garrett Wainwright, Xinzhe Yu, Spencer Barnes, Mia Hofstad, Yu Chen, Hong Zhu, Ariella B Hanker, Ganesh V Raj, Guanghui Zhu, Housheng H He, Zhao Wang, Carlos L Arteaga, Han Liang, Felix Y Feng, Yunguan Wang, Tao Wang, Ping Mu Aug 2024

Znf397 Deficiency Triggers Tet2-Driven Lineage Plasticity And Ar-Targeted Therapy Resistance In Prostate Cancer, Yaru Xu, Yuqiu Yang, Zhaoning Wang, Martin Sjöström, Yuyin Jiang, Yitao Tang, Siyuan Cheng, Su Deng, Choushi Wang, Julisa Gonzalez, Nickolas A Johnson, Xiang Li, Xiaoling Li, Lauren A Metang, Atreyi Mukherji, Quanhui Xu, Carla R Tirado, Garrett Wainwright, Xinzhe Yu, Spencer Barnes, Mia Hofstad, Yu Chen, Hong Zhu, Ariella B Hanker, Ganesh V Raj, Guanghui Zhu, Housheng H He, Zhao Wang, Carlos L Arteaga, Han Liang, Felix Y Feng, Yunguan Wang, Tao Wang, Ping Mu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Cancer cells exhibit phenotypical plasticity and epigenetic reprogramming that allows them to evade lineage-dependent targeted treatments by adopting lineage plasticity. The underlying mechanisms by which cancer cells exploit the epigenetic regulatory machinery to acquire lineage plasticity and therapy resistance remain poorly understood. We identified zinc finger protein 397 (ZNF397) as a bona fide coactivator of the androgen receptor (AR), essential for the transcriptional program governing AR-driven luminal lineage. ZNF397 deficiency facilitates the transition of cancer cell from an AR-driven luminal lineage to a ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2)-driven lineage plastic state, ultimately promoting resistance to therapies inhibiting AR signaling. Intriguingly, our …

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Dihydrothiazolo Ring-Fused 2-Pyridone Antimicrobial Compounds Streptococcus Pyogenes Skin And Soft Tissue Infection, Zongsen Zou, Pardeep Singh, Jerome S Pinkner, Chloe L P Obernuefemann, Wei Xu, Taylor M Nye, Karen W Dodson, Fredrik Almqvist, Scott J Hultgren, Michael G Caparon Aug 2024

Dihydrothiazolo Ring-Fused 2-Pyridone Antimicrobial Compounds Streptococcus Pyogenes Skin And Soft Tissue Infection, Zongsen Zou, Pardeep Singh, Jerome S Pinkner, Chloe L P Obernuefemann, Wei Xu, Taylor M Nye, Karen W Dodson, Fredrik Almqvist, Scott J Hultgren, Michael G Caparon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We have developed GmPcides from a peptidomimetic dihydrothiazolo ring-fused 2-pyridone scaffold that has antimicrobial activities against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive pathogens. Here, we examine the treatment efficacy of GmPcides using skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) and biofilm formation models by

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Nodding As A Catalyst For Improving Attitudes And Purchase Intentions In Online Context, Yusu Lee, Jinhee Choi Aug 2024

Nodding As A Catalyst For Improving Attitudes And Purchase Intentions In Online Context, Yusu Lee, Jinhee Choi

Asia Marketing Journal

This study investigates the influences of the head movement (nodding vs. head shaking vs. nothing) on consumer attitude and purchase intention toward the product in an online shopping context and introduces the consumer motivation (need vs. want) as a moderating factor for this relationship. Through two studies, this article finds that nodding, as opposed to head shaking or no movement, leads to more positive attitudes and higher purchase intentions toward the product, and this effect is strengthened when the shopping is pursued with a need compared to a want motivation. The effect is found specifically in the fashion industry, where …

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Activated Carbon Derived From Rice Husk Biomass Using Pyrolysis-Assisted Tartaric Acid Activation For Removal Of Reactive Orange 16 Dye: Adsorption Modeling Using Response Surface Methodology, Ahmed Saud Abdulhameed, Ruihong Wu, Abdallah Reghioua, Harun M. Mbuvi, Zaher Mundher Yaseen, Zaharaddeen N. Garba Aug 2024

Activated Carbon Derived From Rice Husk Biomass Using Pyrolysis-Assisted Tartaric Acid Activation For Removal Of Reactive Orange 16 Dye: Adsorption Modeling Using Response Surface Methodology, Ahmed Saud Abdulhameed, Ruihong Wu, Abdallah Reghioua, Harun M. Mbuvi, Zaher Mundher Yaseen, Zaharaddeen N. Garba

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

In the current work, rice husk (RH) biomass was pyrolyzed using tartaric acid as an activating agent to produce activated carbon (AC). For 60 min, the procedure was run at 700 °C and 5 L/min of nitrogen (N2) flow rate. The study used response surface methodology (RSM) and a 3-level Box-Behnken design (BBD) to optimize the extraction efficiency of rice husk activated carbon (RHAC) in eliminating reactive orange 16 (RO16) dye from an aqueous solution. Different process parameters, such as pH (2–12), RHAC dose (0.04 – 0.14 g), and time (60-240 min), were chosen as part of the …

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Oil Palm Fronds Activated Carbon Via Microwave-Assisted H3po4 Activation: Box-Behnken Optimization For Crystal Violet Dye Removal, Nur Atirah Shamsudin, Qistina Omar, Ismaniza Ismail, Noor Artika Hassan, Syarifah Abd Rahim, Nur Fazreen Dzulkafli, Ruihong Wu, Soon Kong Yong Aug 2024

Oil Palm Fronds Activated Carbon Via Microwave-Assisted H3po4 Activation: Box-Behnken Optimization For Crystal Violet Dye Removal, Nur Atirah Shamsudin, Qistina Omar, Ismaniza Ismail, Noor Artika Hassan, Syarifah Abd Rahim, Nur Fazreen Dzulkafli, Ruihong Wu, Soon Kong Yong

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

The extensive use of crystal violet (CV) dyes may cause water pollution. A highly porous and functionalized activated carbon can be used for adsorption of CV dyes. Activated carbon was prepared from oil palm fronds through microwave-assisted pyrolysis and activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) for removal of CV dye from wastewater. The physico-chemical characteristics of oil palm fronds activated carbon (OPFAC) was employed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, Scanning Electron Methodology-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and point of zero charges (pHpzc). The adsorption parameters such …

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Impact Of Some Parameters On The Survival And Proliferation Of Foodborne Pathogens: Escherichia Coli, Bacillus Subtilis, Staphylococcus Aureus, And Streptococcus Pyogenes, Hassan Agha, Ahmed Bashir Sanaalla, Muhanad Abdullah Salim Abdulsamad, Maroua Abderrahmane Salhi, Ghada Abdu-Razzaq Mohammad, Abdulmutalib Alabeed Alkamil Allaq Aug 2024

Impact Of Some Parameters On The Survival And Proliferation Of Foodborne Pathogens: Escherichia Coli, Bacillus Subtilis, Staphylococcus Aureus, And Streptococcus Pyogenes, Hassan Agha, Ahmed Bashir Sanaalla, Muhanad Abdullah Salim Abdulsamad, Maroua Abderrahmane Salhi, Ghada Abdu-Razzaq Mohammad, Abdulmutalib Alabeed Alkamil Allaq

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Food poisoning caused by foodborne microorganisms is a significant public health concern. This study aims to investigate the impact of several nutritional and environmental parameters on the growth of Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococc pyogenes in both model systems and food. The specific impact of temperature, pH, and UV light stress on pathogens.Applying physical stress on microorganisms is a standard method to induce cell inactivation and promote food stability.This study found that the optimal temperature for the growth of these pathogens is between 30°C and 50°C. No growth was observed beyond 50°C, indicating temperature sensitivity; low temperatures …

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The Product Of Science, Rolf A.E Mueller Aug 2024

The Product Of Science, Rolf A.E Mueller

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The relationships between agricultural science, invention, production and consumption are conventionally considered in a hierarchical model with consumption at the basis and science at the pinnacle of the hierarchy. -Two important shortcomings of that model as a basis for organising and manag\ng agricultural research are identified. First, the model does not specify how the direction and intensity of research Is guided in the absence of markets for the outputs from research. Second, the model does not identify the flows of specific information from the consumption and agricultural production sphere to the research sphere where such information is crucial for the …

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From Technology Transfer To Resource Management, Janice Jiggins Aug 2024

From Technology Transfer To Resource Management, Janice Jiggins

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Six models of technological innovation are examined. The implications for the roles and functions of research and extension, and of agricultural education systems, are analysed. The models are assessed against issues of gender, natural resource management and poverty, with consideration of who pays, and who benefits. The conclusion is drawn that the Transfer of Technology model is not a generalisable model to all circumstances, clients and policy goals. Client-driven systems and participatory approaches which build partnerships among researchers, extensionists, producers and other users of grassland landscapes, can be more effective and efficient.

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Combining Agricultural Agent Training In Forages With Graduate Credit, Garry Lacefield, Jimmy Henning, M Rasnake, C Forsythe, L Davis Aug 2024

Combining Agricultural Agent Training In Forages With Graduate Credit, Garry Lacefield, Jimmy Henning, M Rasnake, C Forsythe, L Davis

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An intensive agent training programme in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) production nnd utilisation was initialed in 1990. The training was organised by slate extension forage specialists to meet the needs of agricultural agents. Previous programmes have offered similar training but did nol resull in graduate credit. This unique approach offered intensive training to agents presented by a multidisciplinary learn of scientists. All requirements for graduate credit were met and the course completion resulted in 3 hours of graduate credit. The course has been rated "superior" by students. When properly organised and implemented, intensive agent training can be offered that …

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A Grazing Land Conservation Plan, R G. Hendricks Aug 2024

A Grazing Land Conservation Plan, R G. Hendricks

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In a sample planning scenario, a ranching operation in the USA demonstrates a typical conservation problem on grazing lands. Using SCS conservation planning techniques, problems and objectives are identified, resources are inventoried, data are analysed, solutions formulated and conservation practices implemented to solve the resource problem. With use of the economic analysis routine in Grazing Land Applications (OLA) version 1.1 decision suppott software, return on investment was largest when the client installed a combination of rest-rotation grazing, prescribed burning, and initiated a hunting lease programme.

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Range Conservation Planning: The Usda- Soil Conservation Service Method, Rhett H. Johnson Aug 2024

Range Conservation Planning: The Usda- Soil Conservation Service Method, Rhett H. Johnson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The USDA-Soil Conservation Service has responsibility for providing one-on-one conservation planning assistance with the private rangeland managers of over 160 million ha in the USA. This assistance is provided on voluntary basis at the request of the private land user through a local conservation district. Through SO years of experience, a successful planning process has evolved, known as the Ten Elements Of Conservation Planning. These elements are: (1) provide information, (2) request assistance, (3) develop resource inventories, (4) recognise problems and opportunities, (5) determine objectives, (6) develop and evaluate alternatives, (7) make decisions, (8) document decisions, (9) implement decisions, and …

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Use Of Objective Planning Techniques In The Development Of Large Livestock Farm In New Zealand, K I. Lowe Aug 2024

Use Of Objective Planning Techniques In The Development Of Large Livestock Farm In New Zealand, K I. Lowe

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Limestone Downs is a sheep and beef cattle property of 3200 ha near Port Waikato, and provides funds for the C Alma Baker Trust for "the furtherance of the science of agriculture". A development programme slatted in 1981 transformed the farm from an extensive "station" into an intensive farming operation, lifting animal performance and financial returns. This followed the adoption of well-proven and relatively inexpensive modifications to management. Similar programmes should have realistic goals, and established decision rules with priorities. These should be supported by an appropriate monitoring programme and the use of objective data in decision making.

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Interdisciplinary Research: A Vehicle For Meeting The Information Needs Of Grassland Producers, Robert O. Burton Jr, K P. Coffey, J L. Moyer, L W. Lomas, P T. Berends Aug 2024

Interdisciplinary Research: A Vehicle For Meeting The Information Needs Of Grassland Producers, Robert O. Burton Jr, K P. Coffey, J L. Moyer, L W. Lomas, P T. Berends

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Representing the major academic disciplines involved in grassland research • agronomy, animal science and agricultural economics the authors discuss the benefits and pitfalls of interdisciplinary research. Factors discouraging interdisciplinary research include: (1) discipline chauvinism, (2) the time and effort required for communications .and co-ordination, (3) inadequate credit for multiple authorship and (4) importance of disciplinary research. However, link among disciplines are necessary because clientele commercially producing forage need information integrating agronomy, animal science, economics and other disciplines. Benefits of interdisciplinary research are ( I) stimulating highly specialised scientists to plan, perform and interpret their research in the context of whole-farm …

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Applied Scientific Concepts For Dairy Cows And Crops, J R. Rodgers Aug 2024

Applied Scientific Concepts For Dairy Cows And Crops, J R. Rodgers

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Prom a rural town to a dairy farm, from the halls of ivy to the smooth beauty of contour strips on the land: this paper is a practical application of science and technology transferred, through the life of the author, from the textbook to the bottom line of a financial report at year end. How this transfer of technologies (i.e. alfalfa, manure pits, computers, etc.) was used to develop the workable plan for my dairy farm operation will be addressed in detail in this presentation.

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Extension Through The Landcare Movement In Australia's Pastoral Zone, B R. Roberts Aug 2024

Extension Through The Landcare Movement In Australia's Pastoral Zone, B R. Roberts

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Landcare movement, presently based on over 1300 landholder committees nationwide, is potentially Australia's most significant popular movement ever. Its success largely depends on producers identifying with the movement and "owning" its objectives and programmes, Central to attainment of Landcare's goals is the support given by technical advisors, These advisors require a special understanding of group extension techniques, group dynamics and the subtleties of invisible leadership when appropriate. In the vast pastoral zone of Australia, where highly independent graziers operate very individualistically, the required group extension is a special challenge to committed advisory officers.

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A Farmlet For Teaching Grazing Management, J T. Green, J P. Mueller, S P. Washburn Aug 2024

A Farmlet For Teaching Grazing Management, J T. Green, J P. Mueller, S P. Washburn

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The _objectives were to provide a practical production unit to train students and farm advisors and to maximise grazing, evaluate forage cultivars, document production data and utilise woodlot understorey. A year-round grazing unit was developed on a S.86 ha farmlec (70% temperate pasture; 24% subtropical pasture; 20% woods) for 22-30 ewes and their lambs, 6-8 dairy heifers, and 12-24 angora and meat goats. Farmlet N rate averaged 135 kg/ha/year with excess spring growth harvesced for winter feeding. Live-weight gain averaged 6S4 kg/ha/year. Lambs weaned/ewe exposed to ram, was 1,6 (mature) and 0.8 (yearling). Stocking rate for 3 years ranged from …

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A Quality-Tested Hay Market Association In The South-Eastern Usa, Jimmy C. Henning, G D. Lacefield, B Sims Aug 2024

A Quality-Tested Hay Market Association In The South-Eastern Usa, Jimmy C. Henning, G D. Lacefield, B Sims

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A hay marketing association was formed in Kentucky in 1989 as a means of increasing farm income and ·10 hedge against the uncertain future of tobacco production. The Kentucky Pride Hay Grower's Association (KPHGA) was designed to work in concert· with a hay testing and inspection service operated by the Kentucky Department of Agriculture (KDA). This testing service used near• infrared reflectance (NIR) technology as well as a visual appraisal by trained hay inspectors. The association may sell hay only which had been tested and inspected by the KDA. The hay association is a non-profit organisation designed to market Kentucky …

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Adopting New Technologies For Grazing Lands: The Role Of Decision Systems, John A. Ludwig, Steve Marsden Aug 2024

Adopting New Technologies For Grazing Lands: The Role Of Decision Systems, John A. Ludwig, Steve Marsden

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The management of Australia's arid and semi-arid grazing lands involves the consideration of many complex and interconnected issues related to both ecological and economic factors. Climates are highly variable across these lands and markets fluctuate widely; decision making is . difficult at the best of times, As new grazing and land management technologies become available through research organisations, such as CSIRO, the adoption of these technologies is a prime concern, Traditionally, State extension services provide this information to grazing land managers, which has proven effeclive for transferring information about current short-term problems (e,g,, locust plagues) and easy to apply products …

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Applying "Farmer-First Research" In New Zealand, A F. Mcrae, F M. Anderson, R Brazendale Aug 2024

Applying "Farmer-First Research" In New Zealand, A F. Mcrae, F M. Anderson, R Brazendale

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The disciplinary orientation and other characteristics of traditional agricultural research may result in farmers' research needs not being central to the research proces·s. A Farmer-First Research programme (FFR) has been initiated to complement the traditional research approach. This programme involves collaboration with hill country sheep and beef farmers chosen at random from across the fuff range of farmer circumstances. It sets out to diagnose and describe where scope· exists to Improve farmers' circumstances, and lo design and test relevant innovations on-farm. In addition to seeking to improve research output for far1ners, the· programme has the objective of evaluating the Farmer-First …

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Technology Transfer Strategies For Products Of Environmental Research And Development Projects, N D. Macleod, J A. Taylor, P.G H. Van Beek, P N. Vance Aug 2024

Technology Transfer Strategies For Products Of Environmental Research And Development Projects, N D. Macleod, J A. Taylor, P.G H. Van Beek, P N. Vance

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Potentially high net benefits from Research and Development on sustainable grazing systems will not be captured unless the outcomes are adopted. Adoption is a complex process, often requiring integration with other technologies, and specialised extension packages. Technology transfer strategies based on experiences with relatively simple innovations are unsuited to more complex environmental innovations, A 6-stage interactive process involving researchers, extension specialists and potential end-users is suggested.

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Development Of Environmental And Agricultural Professionalism, Robert F. Barnes, Thomas J. Hall Aug 2024

Development Of Environmental And Agricultural Professionalism, Robert F. Barnes, Thomas J. Hall

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The American Society of Agronomy {ASA) is' co-ordinating the development of a \ioluritary certification programme for the men and women who··make nutrient management strategies for farmers .• This paper examines the need, "history and obstacles in developing a crop advisor certification programme. Past arid proposed state and national legislative initiatives have indicated to some industry leaders that certification programmes' will be needed ·to operate in the coming regulat6ry environment. Other members· of industry· feel chat voluntary certification will bring on mandated programmes, The' differences in outlook, the diversity of the audience and the academic orientation of ASA ·have all created …

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Grazier's Pattern Of Understanding Vegetation In The Semi-Arid Rangelands Of New South Wales, S.M M. Kersten, R L. Ison Aug 2024

Grazier's Pattern Of Understanding Vegetation In The Semi-Arid Rangelands Of New South Wales, S.M M. Kersten, R L. Ison

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A matrix ranking (MR) technique was used by graziers in western New South Wales to rank rangeland plants according to preference. Graziers preferred a variety of plant species in their paddocks: "bushes" and "50f1 feed", perennials and annuals, winter-and summer­growing plants, on both stock-based and non-stock-based criteria, The criteria for evaluation were rarely independent of each other nor of different soil types on the grai:ier's property. Drought resistance was perceived as one of the more important criteria, followed by stock-based criteria such as "nutritious", "palatable" or "quick fattening" stock feed. The utility of MR for allowing graziers' knowledge to be …

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Composition Of The Fractions Of Dry, Mature Subterranean Clover Digested In Vivo And In Vitro, L Klein, S K. Baker Aug 2024

Composition Of The Fractions Of Dry, Mature Subterranean Clover Digested In Vivo And In Vitro, L Klein, S K. Baker

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A modified pepsin-cellulase procedure was used to improve the prediction of in vivo digestibility of dry, mature subterranean clovers (Trifolium subterraneum). Feed, faeces, and the residues from this /11 vitro procedure and the i11 vitro procedure of Tilley & Terry were analysed for protein, ash and fibre fractions lo determine the composition of the cell-wall functions that were digested. The extent of digestion of the cell-wall fractions differed between the two in vitro procedures, but the cell-wall fraction that was digested contained similar proportions of cellulose, hemicellulose, protein and lignin. The cellulose and protein contents of the cell-wall digested …

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Effect Of Plant Leaf Age On The Production Of Tannins, Phenols, Proanthocyanidins And Flavanols In Eulalia Villosa, M M. Wolfson, E W. Du Toit, P Chesselet Aug 2024

Effect Of Plant Leaf Age On The Production Of Tannins, Phenols, Proanthocyanidins And Flavanols In Eulalia Villosa, M M. Wolfson, E W. Du Toit, P Chesselet

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Histochemical and biochemical analyses have confirmed the presence of condensed tannins in a number of southern African tropical grasses. The ability to precipitate proteins, total phenols, condensed tannin and proanthocyanidin levels were significantly higher in mature leaves of Eulalia villosa than in young leaves. The ratio of condensed tannin to Jlavan 3,4-diols indicated that the young leaf material contained more monomeric unpolymerised flavan 3,4-diol units than mature leaves. The trend is repeated in the ratio 'of proanthocyanidin to flavan-4-ols, These low molecular weight proanthocyanidin precursors probably do not have the ability to precipitate proteins, The histochemical tests can be used …

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Effect Of Inoculants And Absorbents Incorporated In Grass Silage On Silage Quality, Effluent Production And Animal Performance, Raymond Jones Aug 2024

Effect Of Inoculants And Absorbents Incorporated In Grass Silage On Silage Quality, Effluent Production And Animal Performance, Raymond Jones

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Unwilled ryegrass crops (151 kg DM) were enslled in 70-t bunker silos. Crop analysis (g/kg/DM) was water-soluble carbohydrates 153, nitrogen 24.1 and predicted digestibility (DOMD) 0.67. Molassed sugar beet feed pellets were incorporated at a rate of 25 kg/t in the harvested crop with or without inoculant treatment ("Live Systems", MMB, UK), and compared with a control silage with no additive. Absorbent addition with or without inoculant significantly reduced silage pH and ammonia-N compared with the control. Inoculant treatment further increased lactic acid content. Silage effluent production was reduced by up to 33% by absorbent inclusion with effluent DM losses …

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