Digital Commons Network^™

Interaction Among Harvest Frequency, Fertilizer And Herbicide Use With Intensively Managed Alfalfa In The North-Central Usa, O B. Hesterman, J J. Kells, P L. Tiffin

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This research evaluated effects of 2 alfalfa (Medicago sativa L,) cultivars (winter hardy and moderately winter hardy), 3 levels of fertiliser (none, medium, high), 3 levels of herbicide (none, medium, high), and 2 harvest systems ( 4 harvests and 5 harvests per year) on forage yield and quality, Five years (1987-1991) of an experiment in Michigan, USA, have been completed. During the first production year (1988). forage dry matter (DM) production was similar for the 5-harvest (15.2 Mg/ha) and the 4-harvest system (14.8 Mg/ha), During subsequent years, DM production was greater in the 4-harvest than in the 5-harvest system …

Seasonal Changes Of Daily Increase In Extended Sward Height, Dry Matter, Bulk Densities And Digestible Dry Matter Of Temperature Grasses, K Watanabe, K Kita, S Saiga

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Under a regime of frequent cutting, seasonal changes of the daily increase in extended sward height, dry matter (OM) bulk densities and digestible dry matter (DOM) of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) were followed for 5 years. Seasonal changes of the daily increase in extended sward height, DM bulk densities (daily increase in OM/daily increase in extended sward height) and DOM (daily increase in DOM/daily increase in extended sward height) of the grasses had 3 peaks and 2 troughs, as the height and densities were depressed …

Effects Of Applied Nitrogen And Rest Period On Forage Production And Silage Quality, L Juan Carlos Dumont, A Francisco Lanuza

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An experiment to analyse the effect of nitrogen (N) fertiliser and rest period initiation for silage making on permanent pasture was carried out. N fertiliser increased forage production, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre and ammonia-N. Shortening the intervals, by delaying the initiation of resting period, increased forage quality with only marginal decreases in dry matter (DM) production. Resting periods from the second week of September and cutting at the end of October or first week of November was appropriate in the Osorno area of Chile. The use of 60 kg N/ha is recommended. Two-cutting system must be considered in order …

Long-Term Management Of Vulpia In Pastures, A R. Leys, P M. Dowling, B Plater, M I. Smetham

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Vulpia (Vulpia spp.) is a common weed of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.)-based pastures throughout southern Australia, where it reduces productivity, contaminate's wool and injures livestock. Winter-cleaning pastures with simazine, and to a lesser extent spraying paraquat in spring to sterilise seed, gives good short-term control; however, vulpia produces large amounts of seed and can re-invade even dense subterraneum clover pastures. Re­invasion is least in pastures containing a companion grass. An integrated management system utilising grass in mixture with subterranean clover, livestock and the judicious use of herbicides, will be required to keep the vulpia content of pastures …

Vertical Distribution Of Botanical Components In Four Pastures Mixtures Grazed Solely By Goats, M J. Casey, R J. Lucas, D R. Stevens

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Four different grasses (perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth), cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) and timothy (Phelum pratense L.)) sown with white clover (Trifolium perenne L.) were evaluated under rotational goat grazing lo 10 cm in a cool temperate environment. Detailed measurements of the composition of vertical sward horizons, In spring, summer and autumn, showed significant differences in sward structure between pasture miX:tures. Prairie grass and cocksfoot swards were the tallest (>25 cm) in spring with the top of the sward dominated by grass leaf. The prairie grass sward was also taller …

Cave Ice Microbiome – Reservoir For New Biomolecules In Medicine And Biotechnologies, Victoria Ioana Paun, Corina Itcus, Carmen Mariana Chifiriuc, Paris Lavin, Cristina Purcarea

FRONTIERS UNBOUND: Exploring Extreme Environments

No abstract provided.

Environmental Impact Of Water And Air Contaminants On Public Health, Astrid-Ines Foamkom, Luis A. Peña Marquez, Maria Sophia Malbas, Esmeralda Rodriguez, Noe Garza, Ney Alliey-Rodriguez

Research Colloquium

Background: Established literature suggests a strong relationship between exposure to air contaminants and physical health. Similarly, numerous studies have demonstrated the effects of water pollution on public health. Texas denizens are often victims of poor air and water quality, yet there are scant studies that have integrated evidence of health tolls caused by air and water pollution across the state. In this study, we assessed the relationship between particulate matter

Methods: The study used data from the 2018 Medicare and Medicaid report which displayed chronic health conditions across all counties in Texas. Additionally, the study also includes collected data on …

Antarctic Glacier Melting Modeling Distribution Of Bacterial Community Structure, Corina Itcus, Constantin Marin, Soon Gyu Hong, Manuela Elisabeta Sidoroff, Cristian Coman, Cristina Purcarea

FRONTIERS UNBOUND: Exploring Extreme Environments

No abstract provided.

Efficient Cold-Active Extremozyme For Aldehydes Monitoring, Georgiana Necula-Petrareanu, Paris Lavin, Alina Vasilescu, Cristina Purcarea

FRONTIERS UNBOUND: Exploring Extreme Environments

No abstract provided.

Woolly Mammoth Genomic Adaptations To The Extreme Climate Shifts Of The Ice Age, David Diez-Del-Molino

FRONTIERS UNBOUND: Exploring Extreme Environments

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Grazing Management On Grass Tiller Density Characteristics Of Ryegrass-White Clover Dairy Pasture, E R. Thom, A M. Bryant

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The characteristics of pastures receiving different systems of grazing management during September-May were examined over 3 years from September 1989. Three farmlets (each 10 0.8-ha areas) represented (i) rotational grazing every 30 days (September-May) (RG), (ii) fast rotations during spring (September-November) (SFR) and (iii) fast rotations during spring, summer and autumn (September­May) (SSFR). Pastures were predominantly perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and white clover (Trlfolium repens L.) grazed by dairy cows. Large increases in grass tiller density occurred in SFR and SSFR areas after the first year compared with the rotationally grazed pastures, which have been maintained throughout …

Nitrogen Effects Of Barnyard Manure Applied On Andosol Grasslands In Eastern Hokkaido, T Saigusa, M Noshiro

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Annual changes in the nitrogen (N) effects of barnyard manure (BM) were estimated on grassland of eastern Hokkaido, Japan. In pure' timothy (Phleum pratense L.) grasslands, they were as follows: in the first year after renovation, BM, when ploughed under, supplied an estimated 1 kg Nit manure; this value decreased to 0.5 kg Nit, and 0.3 kg Nit in the second and third year, respectively. When topdressed, BM supplied an estimated 1 kg Nit in the first year, and 0.5 kg Nit in the second year. In timothy-legume mixture, the amount of N supplied by BM to pure timothy …

Growth Kinetics Of Digitaria Decumbens After Defoliation By Cattle At Two Grazing Pressures, M Naves, P Cruz, A Malafosse, J P. Manteaux

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Two regrowth cycles of an intensively managed Digitaria decumbens stand were studied. One followed high-stocked grazing by cows and their calves, and the other followed regrowth grazing by cows only. after weaning: Biomass, morphological composition, leaf area index and nitrogen were measured on 7 occasions between days O and 27 of growth. Residual biomass after the low grazing pressure (2403 kg DM/ha) was 4 times higher than after the high grazing pressure (633 kg DM/ha), mainly because more stems remained at the low grazing pressure (1220 kg DM/ha vs. 230 kg DM/ha). At both grazing pressures, growth of leaf and …

Productivity And Persistency Of Bromus Wildenowii Kunth Cv. Grasslands Matua In Japan, T Kanno, M Fukuyama, S Sato

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The study was conducted to evaluate herbage productivity, persistency and suitable management of prairie grass (Bromus willdenowll Kunth cv. Grasslands Matua) in Japan. Dry matter (DM) yields of S temperate grasses including prairie grass were compared. Pield plots were cut every month for 3 years. Annual DM yield of prairie grass was the highest in each year, but prairie grass was less persistent than the remaining grasses. In a grazing experiment, however, 1he seedlings of prairie grass appeared in flushes in autumn, and these ensured the persistency of prairie grass pasture, Under a forage conservation plus grazing regime, …

Forage Quality And Steer Performance On Tifton 78 And Coastal Bermudagrass Pastures, G M. Hill, G W. Burton, P R. Utley

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

orage quality and weight gains were measured during a 3-year experimenl in which yearling sleers grazed replicated 0.81-ha paslures of Tiflon 78 (T), a Tiflon 44 x Callie Fl hybrid, or Coastal (C) bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.) Pers.). During 168-day grazing seasons, stocking rales were Increased as forage availability increased in spring and early summer resulting in mean slocking rales of 5.0 and 7.3 steers/ha, respectively, for C and T. Pastures were sampled al 28-day inlervals and in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) of available forage declined (P<0.01) for each bermudagrass with time, but seasonal mean IVDMD was higher (P<0.05) for T than C (T=57.4, C=56.5%). Steer average daily gains (ADO) were 15% higher (P<0.05) on T than on C pastures (C=0.59, T-0.68 kg), and gain/ha was 38.1%higher (P<0.01) for T than C (C=7l3, T=985 kg/ha). Superiority of Tifton 78 compared with Coastal has been verified in additional grazing experiments.

Use Of Irrigated Lucerne At Different Growth Stages. I. Evaluation Under Cutting, Patrucio O. Soto, E B. Jahn

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Lucerne (Medicago sativa) cv. Huinca with medium winter dormancy was used to evaluate different cutting sequences. Treatments were: prebud (PB), bud (B), 10% flower (lOPP), SO% 0ower (SOPP) and combinations of these, giving 12 treatments in total. Lucerne was 3 years old at the beginning of the trial. A complete block design with 4 replicates and 2 x 6 m plots was used. Cuts were made at a height of SO mm. During the S seasons the cutting sequence B-I0PP had the highest yields (lS-19 t DM/ha) and was significantly higher (P<0.0S) than always cutting at B stage. B-IOPP was similar (P<0.0S) to I0PF, Plant density decreased from 65 to 25 plants/m1 for treatments cut at B. Percentage crude protein varied from IS.3 to 20.4% and acid detergent fibre ranged from 34.8 to 40.5%.

Pasture Productivity Of Different Species Evaluated Under Grazing In The Central Valley Of Chile, Patricio Soto, E Jahn, H Acuna, C Ovalle

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Seven irrigated mixtures growing on volcanic ash soil were evaluated during 8 years. Five mixtures of white clover (Trifolium repens) (WC) with: ( I) ryegrass (Lolium perenne) (WC-R), (2) fescue (Festuca arundinacea) (WC-F), (3) orchardgrass (Dacrylis glomerara) (WC­O), (4) orchardgrass-ryegrass (WC-O-R), (S) red clover-ryegrass (Trifolilun pratense) (WC-RC-R), (6) lucerne alone (Medicago saliva) (L), and lucerne-orchardgrass (L-0). Plots were 300 m2 in a complete block design with 3 replicates, grazed individually according to growth at 1S0-200 mm height for treatments with WC and 10% bloom for L. Pasture availability and ungrazed …

Change In Botanical Composition, Dry Matter Yield And Forage Quality Of Grassland After Five Seasons Of Extensification, W Kuhbauch, J Schellberg

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Extensification of grassland management in Germany has 2 major objectives (I) to reduce the surplus of crop and animal products, and (2) to diminish unwanted side effects against the environment from intensive production systems. Some of the programmes on offer require a reduced number of cuttings and grazings per season, including a very late first cut of the sward and a reduction of nitrogen fertiliser. In a 5-yenr experiment at the grassland research station Rengen, Eifel-mountain-range, Germany, extensification of this type on productive grassland sites created an unbalanced botanical composition and, with nitrogen applied, a major portion of quackgrass in …

Initial Growth And Herbage Quality Trends For Leaves And Stems Of Two Forage Sorghums, A G. Matches, T P. Karnezos, J W. Keeling

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forage sorghums (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) are commonly grown on the southern Great Plains of the USA as pasture, hay or emergency feed. Grazing and harvesting schedules generally span a wide range of plant maturities, Therefore, we measured at weekly intervals (from 32 to 96 days after planting) the herbage yield and quality of leaves and stems for Trudan 8 (hybrid sudangrass) and Funk-G 1990 (FG- 1990) (hybrid forage sorghum), Replicated plantings were grown under irrigation at Lubbock, Texas in 1990 and 1991. Trudan 8 generally had a lower propo1tion of leaves, leaf yield/plant, digestibility and crude protein levels …

Effects Of Nitrogen And Potassium Fertilizers On Forage Yield And Quality Of Dwarf Napiergrass, F H. Hsu, K Y. Hong

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The experiment was conducted to determine effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilisers on forage yield and quality of dwarf napiergrass (Pennisteum purpuretum). Four levels of N (460, 690, 920 and 1150 kg/ha), and 4 levels of K2O (150, 300, 450 and 600 kg/ha), and 1 level of P2O5 (144 kg/ha), were applied. Forage yield, leaf area per tiller, leaf elongation rate and forage quality of dwarf napiergrass were increased when N level applied was increased. Leaf growth, tiller number and forage yield were not affected by K applied. However, Ca and Mg contents in plant were reduced and …

Systemic Biology Approach Linking Type 2 Diabetes And Depression In A Rio Grande Valley Family Study Population, Cameron B. Caldwell, Eron Manusov, Vincent P. Diego, Ana C. Leandro, Sandra Laston, John Blangero, Sarah Williams-Blangero, Marcio Almeida

Research Colloquium

Background: Type 2 diabetes and depression are major public health concerns that disproportionally impact Mexican Americans. Prevalence of T2D and depression have been estimated as high as 30% and 40%, respectively in Mexican American populations along the Texas-Mexico border. While the interaction between these two phenotypes is well documented, the underlying genetic basis of this interaction remains unclear. Our aims for this project were to identify genes co-expressed in type 2 diabetes and depression to dissect the interaction correlations between both conditions by means of a functional gene expression correlation network.

Methods: A total of 528 Mexican American participants from …

Hadean Recipes, Stephen Mojzsis

FRONTIERS UNBOUND: Exploring Extreme Environments

No abstract provided.

Rime: A New Spin On A More Familiar Infection, Ilana Bresky, Kristi Soileau Dds, Med, Mshce, Facd, Ficd

New Orleans Dental Association News

Dental professionals should become familiarized with Reactive Infectious Mucocutaneous Eruption, or RIME, which presents with erosive mucositis typically affecting two or more mucous membranes, frequently in the oral cavity, and oftentimes is accompanied by skin lesions or rash.

‘RIME’ is a relatively new term that was initially designated strictly to the category of MIRM (Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis). In 2018, however, the term RIME was adopted to distinguish patients whose mucocutaneous eruption arose from other various respiratory-related illnesses.

Noda News September 2024

New Orleans Dental Association News

New Orleans Dental Association (NODA) News includes regular columns with regional news impacting the New Orleans membership including: columns from the President and Executive Director, feature articles relating to the field of dentistry, association events and upcoming activities, component news, continuing education opportunities, and classifieds.

Effect Of Stocking Rate On Rhodes Grass-Stylo Pasture In The Northern Guinea Savanna Zone Of Nigeria 1. Herbage Yield, O S. Onifade, I F. Adu, J O. Akinola

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The potential herbage production of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana cv. Callide)•stylo (Stylosanthes gulanensis cv. Cook) pasture was assessed during S (late wet to dry season) periods at Shika, Nigeria. The pasture received 200 kg N and 30 kg P/ha during the first (198S- 1986) and fifth (1989-1990) grazing periods (GP). Some P only was applied in other periods. The stocking rates (SR) were 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 Yankasa sheep/ha while the duration of grazing varied from 1S4 to 210 days. Sty lo, with production below 1.0 Vha, was eliminated in the first year of utilisation, …

Efficiency Of Different Implements For Pasture Interseeding, J A. Josifovich

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Pasture renovation with grasses and legumes appears to be a good practice to increase primary and secondary production. Trials were planted in 6 locations in Buenos Aires province, Argentina, 2 in Pergamino and 4 200 and 300 km south east of Pergamino, to evaluate 3 different implement combinations: a) rigid chisel coulter, b) spring tooth heavy duty coulter, with teeth 30 cm apart followed by spring tooth cultivators, and c) spring tooth heavy duty coulter 30 cm used twice in the same direction. The species sown were: fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), brome (Bromus uniolides H.B.K.), chicory (Cichoriu, intybus …

Effect Of Artificial Drought On Sward Tiller Density In Lolium And Festuca, Y Gao, D Wilman

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Eight grasses, grown in field swards, were compared in four replicates on each of two adjacent sites. One site received normal rainfall; the other site was protected from rain by plot covers of clear polythene from June 1990 (the year after sowing) to October 1991. All plots were cut every 5 weeks from March to October. The numbers of tillers of the sown species per 0.1 m2 were recorded on all plots four times in the period September- December 1990 and four times in the period March-October 1991. The drought conditions created by the covers reduced the numbers of tillers …

Influence Of Spring Grazing Management On Summer Autumn Production Of Dairy Pastures, S C. Da Silva, C Matthew, P.N P. Matthews, J Hodgson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Three grazing treatments were allocated at random within e11ch of five 2.6 ha paddocks of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) pasture. The treatments involved variation i'n the timing and degree of control of ryegrass reproductive growlh in two successive pasture growth seasons (1990-91 and 1991- 92). In 1990-91, swards in which reproductive growth was controlled at anthesis (20 November; LHC) produced 4330 kg OM/ha between 18 December and 11 April, compared with 3980 kg DM/ha for swards controlled on 18 December (VLHC) and 3210 kg OM/ha for swards controlled on 9 October …

Pasture Composition, As Affected By Grazing Management, And Its Effects On Milk Production By Grazing Dairy Cows, C W. Holmes, C J. Hoogendoorn, V R. Rugambwa, M P. Ryan, A.C P. Chu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Prcgrazing herbage mass was controlled al higher or lower levels by grazing management (intensity or frequency). Three of the experiments used ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) swards, while the fourth included Grasslands Matua prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth.) and white clover swards. The high mass swards generally contained higher proportions of dead matter and stem, and the herbage from these swards was always less digestible. When offered a common daily herbage allowance, cows grazing on the high mass swards produced less milk than those on the low mass swards. The data suggest …

Defoliation Of Grass (Cut Or Grazed) And Its Effect On Forage Quantity, H C. Hughes

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

All grassland farmers should try to optimise their grassland output during the growing season. Grassland farmers would improve their production results if they paid more attention to plant defoliation processes. Careful management of the grass ley will increase outputs by more than one third, without needing further inputs. Most grassland farmers need to have this improvement with no additional cost, especially in the present world economy.