Digital Commons Network^™

Opportunities And Constraints For Production Of Marketable Products From Temperate Grassland Systems With Minimal Financial Inputs, Pedro O. Gomez, Ernesto John

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grassland and fodder crops in temperate areas of the world are the main feed resources for milk and beef production. In general, grassland systems in industrialised countries have high financial inputs. The systems in which financial inputs are minimal are those that produce mainly under all-year grazing, with minimal or no inputs such as supplementary feeding, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, fertilisers, antibiotics, and growth promoters; in general they are located in temperate zones of non-industrialised countries. For this reason the products obtained from these systems (e.g., meat, milk) have at present a good opportunity in international markets where the demand for …

Trends In Intensive Temperate Grassland Systems, J D. Leaver, F Weissbach

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Intensification of grassland in temperate zones has been successful in substantially increasing output of animal products per unit area of land. This trend is unlikely to continue, however, where intensification has been supported by large subsidies, as in EC countries. The high costs of both subsidising the production systems and the export of surplus products is not sustainable. The distortion in world trade caused by such policies combined with concerns over the environmental implications of intensification has already led to CAP reforms in Europe to de-intensify ruminant. livestock systems. Liberalisation of world trade through GA TT could lend to further …

Studies On Soil Biochemical Activities Of Sub-Coryphile Meadow In Qing-Tibet Plateau, Liu Shigui, Long Zhangfu, Zeng Ying, Wu Yong

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The micro-organism activities and enzymatic activities were studied in the soil of 3 degenerative grasslands (Kobresia pygmaea meadow, Festuca sinensis meadow and Dasiphora fruticosa shrub) near Ruoergai Grassland Station in Sichuan, China, Main results show that soil biochemical activities have been decreasing as the grassland degenerates, especially cellulose decomposition, nitrogen fixation, phenol decomposition, protease, cellulase and sucrase.

The New Zealand Fertilizer Industry- A Vital Cog In The Pasture Production Cycle, M J. Hickey, T Johnston

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The New Zealand fertiliser industry is geared mainly to meet domestic demand, The main fertiliser applied is single superphosphate supplying both sulphur and phosphorus, These elements are required on most New Zealand soils. White clover (Trifolium repens L.) provides most of the nitrogen requirements by symbiotic production. Fertiliser applications are currently 1.S-1.6 million t, of which 9091, is used for livestock production, supporting SB million sheep, 4.6 million beef cattle and 3.S million dairy stock. Fertiliser sales peaked at 2.S million t in 1979 and have fallen as economic conditions deteriorated in the 1980s, coupled with removal of all …

Behavior Of Goats And Sheep On An Eroded Hill Country Pasture In Winter, L A. Greaves, M E. Wedderburn

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The behaviour of cashmere-producing does was compared with that of Romney ewes on an area of surface erosion in pasture-dominated hill country during winter. Five ewes and 5 does were monitored. Each group was observed for 4 days, during June-July, from dawn to dusk. A fixed, remote video camera was used to record the animals' behaviour. Tapes were later analysed, noting animal activity, position and time. Bwes spent 13% of their day on the eroded surfaces compared to 2% for the does, Does were observed on the erosion mainly in the afternoon, whereas the ewes were present at all stages …

Effects Of Lime And Phosphate Applications On Growth And Nitrogen Fixation Of Alfalfa In Acid Soils, Chun Woo-Bock, Ki-Chun Choi, Jung-Chul Kim, Kwang-Hyun Kim, Dong-Hoo Kim

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effects of applications of various levels of lime (0, 250, 500 and 1000 kg/10 a) and phosphate (0, 17, and 34 kg/10 a) on growth and on nitrogen fixation of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) were studied. Effects of lime and phosphate applications were significantly different on dry mailer (DM) weight of each part and on acetylene reduction activity (ARA) of alfalfa al 9 weeks after sowing (P<0.05). The effect of lime on DM of shoot and root was not significantly different at 14 weeks after sowing (early bloom) but that of phosphate was significantly greater as levels increased (P<0.0 1). The effects of lime and phosphate on ARA were significantly increased (P<0.05), Nine weeks after sowing, application of lime and phosphate decreased total N content of each part of alfalfa compared with no application (P<0,05). At 14 weeks after sowing lime application increased total N content and phosphate decreased total N content, compared with not application (P<0.05).

Effects Of Subsoiling On A Northern Podzol Soil, M A. Richardson, C R. Edwards

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Subsoiling is a method of mechanical loosening that can improve water movement through soil. It has been evaluated on a poorly drained northern podzol soil in paddock scale trials over three years. Subsoiling with a tractor drawn implement at 500 mm depth resulted in consistent reductions in surface water contents and lowered water tables. Pasture production was significantly increased in two of the three years and favourable pasture composition changes occurred, Root distribution in winter was also affected, with significant increases in root density between· JOO and 300 mm depth. Recompaction occurred during winter grazing and paddocks required re-subsoiling each …

Predicting The Leaching Of Sulphur Fertilizer On Yellow-Brown Pumice Soils, B S. Thorrold, K C. Cameron

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Leaching of sulphate can have a major influence on pasture yield and fertiliser efficiency on the yellow-brown pumice soils of New Zealand. This study aimed to measure and predict sulphur (S) leaching on these soils. The Rose model (an approximate analytical method based on the convective-dispersive equation) accurately simulated S leaching data from intact cores when a retardation factor was included to allow for sulphate adsorption, The model was then used to predict the leaching of sulphate or elemental S fertilisers applied in spring or autumn. Predicted amounts leached below 260 mm depth after 12 months were 91, 71, 38 …

Quantification Of Oxidation Of Elemental Sulphur In Pastoral Soils Of New Zealand, A Ghani, A Lee, J H. Watkinson, C Boswell, B S. Thorrold, J D. Moryon, M P. Upsdell

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A cubic model to describe elemental sulphur (S) oxidation as proposed by Watkinson (1989) was tested under field conditions. Trials were conducted throughout New Zealand to examine the effects of climate, particle size and frequency of application on the rate of S oxidation. Elemental S (75-1S0 mm size) was added to duplicate plots at a rate of 30 kg/ha. Soil samples (0-38 mm) were collected regularly for determining the amounts of added elemental S remaining in the soil. The results showed that the oxidation of elemental S could be adequately described by the cubic model, Por most sites it explained …

Effectiveness Of Sulphate And Elemental Sulphur Fertilizers Applied To Pastures In Autumn Or Spring, S F. Ledgard, B S. Thorrold, M S. Sprosen, M F. Hawke

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Uptake of elemental sulphur {S, 50% 75-150 µm and 50% 150-250 µm diameter) or sulphate (applied as gypsum) by pasture in the field was examined using 3 rates of application in autumn or spring on 2 low S­retentive soils; u free-draining pumice soil and a slow-draining gley soil. About 90% of the el��mental S was oxidised to plant-available sulphate during I year after application. On the pumice soil, the apparent recovery of added S was greatest from autumn-applied elemental S. Leaching appeared to reduce the effectiveness of sulphate fertiliser. On the gley soil, sulphate was more effective in enhancing pasture …

Lysimeter Study Of The Fate Of Nitrogen In Animal Urine Applied To Flood-Irrigated Pasture, K C. Cameron, P M. Fraser

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The fate of nitrogen (N) in animal urine returns to flood irrigated pasture was studied using large soil monolith lysimeters (800 nun diameter x 1200 mm deep). Over a period of I year, the largest fraction of applied 15N (44%) was recovered by the pasture plants. The total amount (42 kg N/ha) and average peak concentration of N, in the leachate (42 µgN/ml) were less than values reported for many: other agricultural situations (e.g., ploughed pasture). The amount of N lost by denitrification was high (28% of applied 15N) and attributed to the wet soil conditions which prevailed. The amount …

Estimating Fertilizer Substitution Values From The Dissolution Rates Of Reactive Phosphate Rocks In New Zealand Pastoral Soils, J H. Watkinson, K W. Perrott

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A relationship is developed between the substitution value of reactive phosphate rock (RPR) relative to triple superphosphate (TSP), both applied annually to pasture, and the dissolution rate of the RPR. The residual effect of dissolved phosphate is included. Residual RPR is calculated from the dissolution rate of the RPR in the soil, while residual phosphate from TSP or dissolved RPR is taken as a constant fraction of the value in the previous year. Calculations including the residual effect of dissolved fertiliser produce smaller substitution values and longer lag times for RPR than when the effect is omitted. The relationship derived …

Field Evaluation Of Perennial Ryegrass Selected For Aluminum Tolerance On Fertile Soils, D M. Wheeler, D R. Smith, D C. Edmeades

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The progeny from 23 perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) plants which were selected for aluminium (Al) tolerance using a low ionic strength nutrient culture technique, were grown in nursery and field trial, to evaluate the agronomic performance in a fertile soil (i.e., in the absence of stress), There were no differences between the progeny from the Al-tolerant selected plan1s in the lines with low Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis) damage and commercial cultivars in the nursery trial. There were also no differences in dry matter yield between an Al selection line consisting of seed bulked from 2 …

Use Of Ld (Linz-Donawitz) Slag As A Liming Material In The Basque Country (Spain): Effect On Chemical Composition Of Pastures, M Pinto, M Rodriguez, C Trueba

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

LD (Lintz-Donawit:i:) slag is an iron industry by-product generated at a rate of 10 million I/year in Europe. Its chemical composition (45% Cao and 8% Mg2O) seemed to indicate that a good way of re­utilisation of this waste would be Its use as a corrector of pH for acid soils. The slag effect on chemical composition and yield has been studied in grasslands in the Basque Country during a 2-year field trial. Two different pastures have been considered, Derio (pH 4.75), a resown loliwn pere1me-Trifoli11m repens pasture, and Abadiano (pH 5.45), a natural prairie. Previous studies have shown that slag …

Effect Of Inorganic Nitrogen And Cow Slurry On Yield And Nitrogen Losses In A Natural Pasture In The Basque Country (Spain), J M. Esta Villo, C Gonzalez-Murua, M Rodriguez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Inappropriate use of fertilisers can cause large losses of nitrogen (N) from the system with different ecological consequences. This study tried to make a first approach to N cycling by comparing N inputs and outputs in an imperfectly drained natural grassland soil receiving different rates of N fertiliser as ammonium nitrate or cow slurry, The acetylene inhibition technique· is used for measuring denitrification, Fertiliser response and decrease in white clover (Trifolium repens) content was greater for the inorganic treatment. The highest rates of denitrification occurred when nitrate and soil water were high. Losses in the inorganic treatment were …

Explainable Artificial Intelligence To Interpret Spatially-Explicit Impacts Of Future Climate Change On Species Distribution, Lei Song, Amy E. Frazier, Peter Kedron, Diogo S. A. Araujo, Diyang Cui, Brian J. Enquist, Brian Maitner, Cory Merow, Gabriel M. Moulatlet, Efthymios I. Nikolopoulos, Patrick R. Roehrdanz

I-GUIDE Forum

Biodiversity is essential for maintaining ecosystem balance and functionality, providing vital services such as climate regulation. The rapid decline in biodiversity, driven by habitat loss, habitat fragmentation, and climate change, poses significant threats to ecosystems. Climate change, in particular, is fundamentally altering habitats, leading to shifts in species distributions. However, existing research often lacks decomposed contribution analyses, particularly spatially, for a changing individual environmental attributes when modeling species distribution as an aggregate result of all factors and their interactions. Such analyses are crucial for identifying climate refugia and prioritizing conservation efforts. Taking endangered mammal species as an example, this study …

Identifying Invasive Species Sightings From Geoai-Validated Social Media Posts, Nathan Fox, Derek Van Berkel

I-GUIDE Forum

The spread of invasive species requires scalable monitoring techniques to help guide management and conservation strategies. Here, we explore the potential of GeoAI for the rapid validation of invasive species sightings through social media data. We utilized the Flickr API to retrieve 23,000 images from posts that contained the names of 72 invasive species across various taxonomic categories within the contiguous USA. Then using BioCLIP, a computer vision model capable of identifying over 450,000 species, we assessed whether these posts genuinely contained the species that the user tagged. Results varied, with some species like the European Starling showing high match …

Elwing And The Isle Of Seabirds: Tolkien's Towers And The Lais Of Marie De France, Kristine Larsen

Journal of Tolkien Research

During the late 1920s-1930s, J.R.R. Tolkien was engaged in writing numerous poetic lays, many of which he never completed. At the same time, he was engaging in a series of revisions of his grand mythology of Middle-earth, the tales which were posthumously published as The Silmarillion. As he was working on these various projects simultaneously or serially, we should not be surprised to see repeated themes, motifs, and tropes. I argue that among these are several of the Aarne-Thompson-Uther (ATU) folktale types, especially 432, a version of the Woman Imprisoned in the Tower (Rapunzel) trope termed The …

Phosphorylation-Driven Epichaperome Assembly Is A Regulator Of Cellular Adaptability And Proliferation., Tanaya Roychowdhury, Seth W Mcnutt, Chiranjeevi Pasala, Hieu Nguyen, Daniel T Thornton, Sahil Sharma, Luke Botticelli, Chander S Digwal, Suhasini Joshi, Nan Yang, Palak Panchal, Souparna Chakrabarty, Sadik Bay, Vladimir Markov, Charlene Kwong, Jeanine Lisanti, Sun Young Chung, Stephen D Ginsberg, Pengrong Yan, Elisa De Stanchina, Adriana Corben, Shanu Modi, Mary Alpaugh, Giorgio Colombo, Hediye Erdjument-Bromage, Thomas A Neubert, Robert J Chalkley, Peter R Baker, Alma L Burlingame, Anna Rodina, Gabriela Chiosis, Feixia Chu

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

The intricate network of protein-chaperone interactions is crucial for maintaining cellular function. Recent discoveries have unveiled the existence of specialized chaperone assemblies, known as epichaperomes, which serve as scaffolding platforms that orchestrate the reconfiguration of protein-protein interaction networks, thereby enhancing cellular adaptability and proliferation. This study explores the structural and regulatory aspects of epichaperomes, with a particular focus on the role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in their formation and function. A key finding is the identification of specific PTMs on HSP90, particularly at residues Ser226 and Ser255 within an intrinsically disordered region, as critical determinants of epichaperome assembly. Our data …

Commonwealth Times 2024-10-16

Commonwealth Times, 1969-

No abstract provided.

The Extent To Which Race, Ptsd Symptoms, And Attitudes Toward Help-Seeking Predict Help-Seeking Intentions/Help-Seeking Behavior Among Veterans, Lenora Elizabeth Rogers

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Veterans who are returning to civilian life often experience barriers to seeking mental healthcare. The purpose of this quantitative, non-experimental, correlational study was to determine the extent to which race, PTSD symptoms, and attitudes toward help-seeking (psychological openness, help-seeking propensity, indifference to stigma) predict help-seeking intentions and help-seeking behavior among military veterans. Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior was the basis for this study. A convenience sample of 105 veterans (53 African Americans, 52 Caucasians) were recruited via Alchemer. Standard multiple regression analysis showed that help-seeking propensity was a significant predictor of help-seeking intentions, with higher scores on help-seeking propensity predicting …

Rootzone Soil Moisture Dynamics Using Terrestrial Water-Energy Coupling, Vinit Sehgal, Binayak P. Mohanty, Rolf H. Reichle

Faculty Publications

A lack of high-density rootzone soil moisture (θRZ) observations limits the estimation of continental-scale, space-time contiguous θRZ dynamics. We derive a proxy of daily θRZ dynamics — active rootzone degree of saturation (SRZ) — by recursive low-pass (LP) filtering of surface soil moisture (θS) within a terrestrial water-energy coupling (WEC) framework. We estimate the LP filter parameters and WEC thresholds for the piecewise-linear coupling between SRZ and evaporative fraction (EF) at remote sensing and field scale over the Contiguous U.S. We use θS from the Soil Moisture Active-Passive (SMAP) satellite and 218 in-situ stations, with EF from the Moderate Resolution …

Rheumatoid Arthritis Increases Health Care Costs, Harms Mental Health, Clara Turnage

University of Mississippi News

OXFORD, Miss. – A University of Mississippi-led comprehensive study of a disorder that affects 4.27 million Americans nationwide is revealing just how significant its burdens are on patients' financial well-being and quality of life.

Bridging Big Data In The Enigma Consortium To Combine Non-Equivalent Cognitive Measures, Eamonn Kennedy, Shashank Vadlamani, Hannah M Lindsey, Pui-Wa Lei, Mary Jo-Pugh, Paul M Thompson, David F Tate, Frank G Hillary, Emily L Dennis, Elisabeth A Wilde, Enigma Clinical Endpoints Working Group Collaborators

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Investigators in neuroscience have turned to Big Data to address replication and reliability issues by increasing sample size. These efforts unveil new questions about how to integrate data across distinct sources and instruments. The goal of this study was to link scores across common auditory verbal learning tasks (AVLTs). This international secondary analysis aggregated multisite raw data for AVLTs across 53 studies totaling 10,505 individuals. Using the ComBat-GAM algorithm, we isolated and removed the component of memory scores associated with site effects while preserving instrumental effects. After adjustment, a continuous item response theory model used multiple memory items of varying …

Molecular Mechanisms Of Biofilm Formation In Helicobacter Pylori, Kartika Afrida Fauzia, Wiwin Is Effendi, Ricky Indra Alfaray, Hoda M Malaty, Yoshio Yamaoka, Muhammad Mifthussurur

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Biofilm formation in

METHODS: We conducted a literature review analysis of the published articles on the

RESULTS: The results showed that biofilm formation starts as adhesion and progresses through micro-colonies, maturation, and dispersion in a planktonic form. Moreover, specific genes modulate each phase of biofilm formation. Few studies have shown that mechanisms, such as quorum sensing and diffusible signal factors, enhance coordination among bacteria when switching from biofilm to planktonic states. Different protein expressions were also observed between planktonic and biofilm strains, and the biofilm architecture was supported by exopolysaccharides, extracellular DNA, and outer membrane vesicles.

CONCLUSIONS: This infrastructure …

The Moderating Effect Of Teacher Experience On Secondary Traumatic Stress And Teacher Self-Efficacy Among Rural Public School Teachers, Donna Short

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Millions of teachers have exited the teaching profession as of 2020 and over 50% are likely to leave the profession during the next five years. High emotional stress is most often cited as the primary reason for the loss of teachers. There is also an increasing number of students entering school who having experienced various forms of trauma, such as abuse, death, violence, and neglect. In rural areas, poverty is a concern. These students often display trauma behaviors because of limited mental health resources. As rural public school teachers learn about student trauma, these teachers are at risk of secondary …

Exploring The Perceived Effects Of Integrating Unloader Braces And Exercise Therapy Interventions In Orthopedics And Sports Medicine: An Investigation Among Athletes With Knee Osteoarthritis, Lerome D. Pratt

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this doctoral applied research project was to examine the perceived effects of integrating unloader braces and exercise therapy interventions within orthopedics and sports medicine, specifically focusing on athletes diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis (OA). The problem addressed by this study is the limited understanding of how combined treatment modalities can enhance functional abilities, alleviate pain, and improve overall well-being in this population. This research was driven by the rationale that existing conventional treatments often provide limited efficacy, necessitating a more comprehensive and personalized approach. The central research question explored how athletes with knee OA perceive the impact of …

The Relationship Between Meaning, Basic Psychological Needs, And Motivation At Work: A Self-Determination Perspective, Cory Anne Trevena

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

In the following dissertation, I explored the predictive influence of meaning in life on autonomous motivation at work and psychological well-being in the presence of the three basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness identified by self-determination theory. The first hypothesis for this correlational study was that meaning in life would distinctly predict autonomous motivation at work beyond autonomy, competence, and relatedness. The second hypothesis for this study was that meaning in life would distinctly predict psychological well-being beyond autonomy, competence, and relatedness. I conducted a multiple regression analysis on the data collected from 94 working adults recruited using …

Exploring The Mediating Effects Of Beliefs Toward Mental Illness On The Relationship Between Religiosity And Self-Stigma Of Seeking Help, Grace-Ann Gibby

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

It is well-known that mental health concerns are common worldwide. Despite the increased research and strategic programs designed to improve mental healthcare systems, there are still persistent gaps in the accessibility and utilization of these services globally. The struggle to improve mental healthcare is even more difficult in developing countries. As a developing country, Bahamian society has insufficiently addressed mental healthcare. Mental health concerns have been categorized as a number one priority for The Bahamas, and a strong effort for the detection, prevention, and treatment of mental health is highly recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2017). Statistics show …

The Shared Experiences Of The Effectiveness Of Christian Mindfulness Meditation For Adult Evangelical Christians In Florida Experiencing Ptsd Symptomatology, Loraine Yvonne Pennant

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Mindfulness meditation, though secular in origin, is a distinct Christian principle found in the Bible and are practices that Christians in general subconsciously subscribe to especially in times of traumatic stress. When adapted to reflect Christian principles, this practice should retain the basic concepts of mindfulness meditation while safeguarding the integrity of the biblical tenet. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand and describe the shared experiences of the effectiveness of Christian mindfulness meditation of adult evangelical Christians in Florida suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder symptomology. A gap in literature exploring the topics of Christian rumination (meditation) and …