Digital Commons Network^™

Spotlight On Nociceptin/Orphanin Fq Receptor In The Treatment Of Pain, Amal El Daibani, Tao Che

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Reevaluation Of The Role Of Lip-1 As An Erk/Mpk-1 Dual Specificity Phosphatase In The C. Elegans Germline, Debabrata Das, Jacob Seemann, David Greenstein, Tim Schedl, Swathi Arur

Open Access Publications

The fidelity of a signaling pathway depends on its tight regulation in space and time. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) controls wide-ranging cellular processes to promote organismal development and tissue homeostasis. ERK activation depends on a reversible dual phosphorylation on the TEY motif in its active site by ERK kinase (MEK) and dephosphorylation by DUSPs (dual specificity phosphatases). LIP-1, a DUSP6/7 homolog, was proposed to function as an ERK (MPK-1) DUSP in the

Comparative Genomics Of Borderline Oxacillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Detected During A Pseudo-Outbreak Of Methicillin-Resistant S. Aureus In A Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Sanjam S Sawhney, Eric M Ransom, Meghan A Wallace, Patrick J Reich, Gautam Dantas, Carey-Ann D Burnham

Open Access Publications

Active surveillance for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a component of our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infection prevention efforts. Recent atypical trends prompted review of 42 suspected MRSA isolates. Species identification was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and methicillin resistance was reevaluated by PBP2a lateral flow assay, cefoxitin/oxacillin susceptibility testing,

B Cell Receptor Isotypes Differentially Associate With Cell Signaling, Kinetics, And Outcome In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Andrea N Mazzarello, Eva Gentner-Göbel, Marcus Dühren-Von Minden, Tatyana N Tarasenko, Antonella Nicolò, Gerardo Ferrer, Stefano Vergani, Yun Liu, Davide Bagnara, Kanti R Rai, Jan A Burger, Peter J Mcguire, Palash C Maity, Hassan Jumaa, Nicholas Chiorazzi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the B cell receptor (BCR) plays a critical role in disease development and progression, as indicated by the therapeutic efficacy of drugs blocking BCR signaling. However, the mechanism(s) underlying BCR responsiveness are not completely defined. Selective engagement of membrane IgM or IgD on CLL cells, each coexpressed by more than 90% of cases, leads to distinct signaling events. Since both IgM and IgD carry the same antigen-binding domains, the divergent actions of the receptors are attributed to differences in immunoglobulin (Ig) structure or the outcome of signal transduction. We showed that IgM, not IgD, level …

Becoming With Pigs, Plants, And People: Examining The Formation Of Human-Animal Mutualisms In Neolithic Northeastern China, Ximena Lemoine

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

More than 10,000 years ago humans in multiple parts of Eurasia began to form increasingly more entangled and mutually dependent relationships with non-human animals. In some cases, the elaboration of these relationships would result in evolutionary change, resulting in biologically distinct or domesticated populations. The last several decades of research show that this process is ongoing and polymorphous, emerging out of sustained human-animal interactions that develop along historically contingent trajectories shaped by particular biological, environmental, and cultural contexts. Thus, understanding domestication as an evolutionary process necessitates investigation into species- and context-specific developmental trajectories of human-animal interaction. The pig (Sus scrofa) …

Characterizing Human Gut Bacterial Tir Domains In Vitro, In Gnotobiotic Mice And Malnourished Children, James Stephen Weagley

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Worldwide, malnutrition (undernutrition) is the leading cause of death in children under 5. Studies of healthy members of birth cohorts from low- and middle-income countries have identified a program of gut microbial community development that is disrupted in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). This perturbed gut microbiome development has been linked to the pathogenesis of malnutrition. Repair of this gut microbial dysbiosis in children with MAM with microbiota-directed complementary foods (MDCFs) designed to increase the fitness and expressed beneficial functions of underrepresented bacterial community members restores healthy growth, including improvements in mediators of metabolic …

Effect Of P2y12 Inhibitors On Survival Free Of Organ Support Among Non-Critically Ill Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Jeffrey S Berger, Lucy Z Kornblith, Michelle N Gong, Harmony R Reynolds, Mary Cushman, Yu Cheng, Bryan J Mcverry, Keri S Kim, Renato D Lopes, Bassel Atassi, Scott Berry, Grant Bochicchio, Murillo De Oliveira Antunes, Michael E Farkouh, Yonatan Greenstein, Erinn M Hade, Kristin Hudock, Robert Hyzy, Pooja Khatri, Andrei Kindzelski, Bridget-Anne Kirwan, Lisa Baumann Kreuziger, Patrick R Lawler, Eric Leifer, Jose Lopez-Sendon Moreno, Jose Lopez-Sendon, James F Luther, Lilia Nigro Maia, John Quigley, Robert Sherwin, Lana Wahid, Jennifer Wilson, Judith S Hochman, Matthew D Neal, Activ-4a Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Platelets represent a potential therapeutic target for improved clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the benefits and risks of adding a P2Y12 inhibitor to anticoagulant therapy among non-critically ill patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: An open-label, bayesian, adaptive randomized clinical trial including 562 non-critically ill patients hospitalized for COVID-19 was conducted between February 2021 and June 2021 at 60 hospitals in Brazil, Italy, Spain, and the US. The date of final 90-day follow-up was September 15, 2021.

INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomized to a therapeutic dose of heparin plus a P2Y12 inhibitor (n = …

Rspo2 And Rankl Signal Through Lgr4 To Regulate Osteoclastic Premetastatic Niche Formation And Bone Metastasis, Zhiying Yue, Xin Niu, Zengjin Yuan, Qin Qin, Wenhao Jiang, Liang He, Jingduo Gao, Yi Ding, Yanxi Liu, Ziwei Xu, Zhenxi Li, Zhengfeng Yang, Rong Li, Xiwen Xue, Yankun Gao, Fei Yue, Xiang H-F Zhang, Guohong Hu, Yi Wang, Yi Li, Geng Chen, Stefan Siwko, Alison Gartland, Ning Wang, Jianru Xiao, Mingyao Liu, Jian Luo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Therapeutics targeting osteoclasts are commonly used treatments for bone metastasis; however, whether and how osteoclasts regulate premetastatic niche and bone tropism are largely unknown. In this study, we report that osteoclast precursors (OPs) can function as a premetastatic niche component that facilitates breast cancer (BCa) bone metastasis at early stages. At the molecular level, unbiased GPCR ligand/agonist screening in BCa cells suggested that R-spondin 2 (RSPO2) and RANKL, through interaction with their receptor LGR4, promoted osteoclastic premetastatic niche formation and enhanced BCa bone metastasis. This was achieved by RSPO2/RANKL-LGR4 signal modulating the WNT inhibitor DKK1 through Gαq and β-catenin signaling. …

Phage-Encoded Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide Required For Lysis, Ashley Holt, Jesse Cahill, Jolene Ramsey, Cody Martin, Chandler O’Leary, Russell Moreland Iii, Lori T. Maddox, Thushara Galbadage, Riti Sharan, Preeti Sule

School of Medicine Publications

Abstract: Most phages of Gram-negative bacteria hosts encode spanins for disruption of the outer membrane, which is the last step in host lysis. However, bioinformatic analysis indicates that ∼15% of these phages lack a spanin gene, suggesting they have an alternate way of disrupting the outer membrane (OM). Here, we show that the T7-like coliphage phiKT causes an explosive cell lysis associated with spanin activity despite not encoding spanins. A putative lysis cassette cloned from the phiKT late gene region includes the hypothetical novel gene 28 located between the holin and endolysin genes and supports inducible lysis in Escherichia …

Changes In Crude Protein And Fiber Contents Of Small Grain Cereals For Forage Over Time, J. L. Zaragoza-Ramirez, N. Zayago-Ramos, P. A. Martinez-Hernandez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Oat, triticale, wheat and barley are small grain cereals used as forage in many temperate Mexican regions. The objective was to determine crude protein and van Soest fiber contents of these forages cut at 80, 96, 108, 121, 138 and 153 days after seeding. Cultivars used were: Chihuahua (OC) for oat; Arne (TA), Bicentenario (TB) and Siglo XXI (TS) for triticale; Saturno (WS) for wheat; and San Marcos (BSM) for barley. Experiment was under greenhouse conditions from November 2015 to May 2016. Crude protein (CP), neutral (NDF) and acid (ADF) detergents fibers were determined on the forage harvested at each …

Collection Priorities Of Pasture Genetic Resources In The Paniceae Native To South Africa, F. L. Müller, M. Trytsman, E. L. Masemola, M. I. Kgonothi, N. R. Mkhize, T. J. Tjelele

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

There is an urgent need for the prioritization and ex situ conservation of pasture grass species. Many pasture grasses are still in the process of domestication and grasslands in the tropical, subtropical, semi-arid and arid regions of the world are therefore a major source of genetic material for future forage improvement. Within South Africa, it was found that the Paniceae contains several species with high pasture value and that many populations of these species are found in water-limited environments. Therefore, it was proposed that a strategy be developed for the South African National Forage Genebank to prioritize efforts to collect …

Changes In Defoliation Patterns Of Plant Functional Groups Under Variable Herbage Allowance In Campos Grasslands, N. Caram, F. Casalás, Pablo Soca, M. Wallau, M. Cadenazzi, P. Boggiano

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Several studies have evaluated separately forage production, botanical composition, leaf traits and animal performance. However, few of them have focused on defoliation patterns at the level of functional groups (FGs) under different and variable herbage allowance (HA), especially in natural, diverse grasslands. The objective was to evaluate the relationship between HA and leaf traits on defoliation patterns of mature beef cows in the autumn, winter and spring. We evaluated the grazing probability (GP), intensity of defoliation (ID), and leaf traits on 14 species that represent more than 80% of total dry matter of the pasture. The experiment at which we …

Examining Alternative Water Management Strategies To Support Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Conservation Within And Across Years, Timothy E. Walsworth, Phaedra Budy

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Rio Grande Silvery Minnow (RGSM) are currently constrained to only 5% of their historic range, and their persistence is threatened by highly altered and impaired habitat conditions (Bestgen and Platania 1991). These habitat conditions have resulted from reduced spring and summer flows due to natural variability and anthropogenic water development and extraction, which have resulted in substantial geomorphic changes (Swanson et al. 2011). Successful conservation of this endangered species will require determination of how available flows can be managed to provide conditions supporting growth, reproduction, and survival of RGSM within and across a variety of water years. Previous research has …

The Utah Statesman, January 17, 2022, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

“Part Of Something Larger Than Myself”: Lessons Learned From A Multidisciplinary, Multicultural, And Multilingual International Research Team Of Academic Women, Kristina S. Brown, Tricia M. Farwell, Sara Bender, Alpha A. Martinez-Suarez, Stefani Boutelier, Agata A. Lambrechts, Iwona Leonowicz-Bukała, Pipiet Larasatie

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Bringing our collective experiences of past collaborations through a virtual connection, we created an international research team of 16 multidiscipline, multicultural, and multilingual academic women called “COVID GAP” (Gendered Academic Productivity) to explore the ongoing challenges and effects of COVID-19. Identifying as insider researchers, we engaged in a two-phase, primarily qualitative research project to better understand the lived experiences of academics during the pandemic. Our past individual experiences with cooperative research informed our roles and responsibilities and how we organized and communicated. This article is a reflection of how COVID GAP has refined our collaborative process in response to an …

Ultrasound 96 Probe Device Protocol For Cancer Cell Treatment, Aisling Field, Brijesh K. Tiwari, James F. Curtin, Julie R M Mondala, Janith Wanigasekara

Articles

Ultrasound is a sound wave with frequencies ranging between 20 kHz and 20 MHz. Ultrasound is able to temporarily and repeatedly open the BBB safely and enhance chemotherapeutic delivery without adverse effects. This novel technique in drug delivery benefits from the powerful ability of ultrasound to produce cavitation activity. Cavitation is the generation and activity of gas-filled bubbles in a medium exposed to ultrasound. As the pressure wave passes through the media, gas bubbles expand at low pressure and contract at high pressure. This leads to oscillation which produces a circulating fluid flow known as microstreaming around the bubble with …

Detoxification Of Copper And Chromium Via Dark Hydrogen Fermentation Of Potato Waste By Clostridium Butyricum Strain 92, Vira Hovorukha, Olesia Havryliuk, Galina Gladka, Antonina Kalinichenko, Monika Sporek, Jan Stebila, Dmitri Mavrodi, Ruslan Mariychuk, Oleksandr Tashyrev

Faculty Publications

The accumulation of various types of waste containing both organic and inorganic metal-containing compounds is extremely hazardous for living organisms. The possibility of polymer degradation, biohydrogen synthesis, and metal detoxification via the dark fermentation of model potato waste was investigated. For this purpose, the strict anaerobic strain was isolated and identified as Clostridium butyricum. The high efficiency of dark hydrogen fermentation of potatoes with yield of hydrogen in 85.8 ± 15.3 L kg⁻¹ VS_potato was observed. The copperand chromium salts solutions were added to the culture fluid to obtain the concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mg …

Crow's Nest, January 17, 2022, Crow's Nest Staff

Crow's Nest

The January 17, 2022, issue of the Crow's Nest.

The Hidden Foster Care System: A Parallel System In Legal Limbo During A Deadly Pandemic, Megan Schmidt

University of Miami Race & Social Justice Law Review

In 2020, Josh Gupta-Kagan’s article on the American Hidden Foster System challenged the welfare system to face its coercive practices that effectuate in a child being removed from the home without formal state intervention and court oversight.1 Families find themselves struggling to stay together as child protection workers utilize threats and safety plans to force the removal of a child from the home and into the custody of a family member.2 The children’s, the parents’, and the kinship caregivers’ lives are forever impacted by the welfare state, yet they receive insufficient benefits or protections afforded to families, caregivers, and children …

Synthesis And Biosynthesis Of 3-Hydroxy-Β-Lactam Antibiotics, Wei Wei

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Novel treatments for tuberculosis (TB) are urgently needed to conquer this global health crisis. Unlike canonical β-lactam antibiotics that target transpeptidases by hydrolyzing the lactam ring, tabtoxinine-β-lactam (TβL) functions as a potent glutamine synthetase (GS) inhibitor by forming a transition state mimic. TβL has the potential to be used as an anti-TB agent by targeting the nitrogen metabolic pathway of pathogenic mycobacteria. This work reported an innovative, convergent, and flexible cross-metathesis method to obtain the fully protected TβL scaffold. The trans-olefin intermediate provides possibilities for synthesizing various derivatives through alkene functionalization reactions. We also developed and optimized a solid phase …

Characterizing The Amino Acid Activation Center Of The Naturally Editing-Deficient Aminoacyl-Trna Synthetase Phers In Mycoplasma Mobile, Nien-Ching Han, Arundhati Kavoor, Michael Ibba

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

To ensure correct amino acids are incorporated during protein synthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) employ proofreading mechanisms collectively referred to as editing. Although editing is important for viability, editing-deficient aaRSs have been identified in host-dependent organisms. In Mycoplasma mobile, editing-deficient PheRS and LeuRS have been identified. We characterized the amino acid activation site of MmPheRS and identified a previously unknown hyperaccurate mutation, L287F. Additionally, we report that m-Tyr, an oxidation byproduct of Phe which is toxic to editing-deficient cells, is poorly discriminated by MmPheRS activation and is not subjected to editing. Furthermore, expressing MmPheRS and the hyperaccurate variants renders …

A Response To Howard Schaap... And A Response To The Response, Tony N. Jelsma, Steve Mathonet-Vanderwell

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

No abstract provided.

The Guardian, Week Of January 17, 2022, Wright State Student Body

The Guardian Student Newspaper

News articles from The Guardian for the week of January 17, 2022. The Guardian is the official student-run newspaper for Wright State University. It has been published regularly since March of 1965.

Scanner: A Web Platform For Annotation, Visualization And Sharing Of Single Cell Rna-Seq Data, Guoshuai Cai, Xuanxuan Yu, Choonhan Youn, Jun Zhou, Feifei Xiao

Faculty Publications

In recent years, efficient scRNA-seq methods have been developed, enabling the transcriptome profiling of single cells massively in parallel. Meanwhile, its high dimensionality and complexity bring challenges to the data analysis and require extensive collaborations between biologists and bioinformaticians and/or biostatisticians. The communication between these two units demands a platform for easy data sharing and exploration. Here we developed Single-Cell Transcriptomics Annotated Viewer (SCANNER), as a public web resource for the scientific community, for sharing and analyzing scRNA-seq data in a collaborative manner. It is easy-to-use without requiring special software or extensive coding skills. Moreover, it equipped a real-time database …

Data From: A Marine Natural Capital Asset And Risk Register – Towards Securing The Benefits From Marine Systems And Linked Ecosystem Services, Sian Rees, Matthew Ashley, Tom Mullier

Faculty of Science and Engineering Datasets

Data set and supporting information for: A Marine Natural Capital Asset and Risk Register – Towards securing the benefits from marine systems and linked ecosystem services. Citation Rees, S. et al. (2022). Data from: A Marine Natural Capital Asset and Risk Register – Towards securing the benefits from marine systems and linked ecosystem services. PEARL Research Repository http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/18563

Mosquito Edge: An Edge-Intelligent Real-Time Mosquito Threat Prediction Using An Iot-Enabled Hardware System, Shyam Polineni, Om Shastri, Avi Bagchi, Govind Gnanakumar, Sujay Rasamsetti, Prabha Sundaravadivel

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Species distribution models (SDMs) that use climate variables to make binary predictions are effective tools for niche prediction in current and future climate scenarios. In this study, a Hutchinson hypervolume is defined with temperature, humidity, air pressure, precipitation, and cloud cover climate vectors collected from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) that were matched to mosquito presence and absence points extracted from NASA's citizen science platform called GLOBE Observer and the National Ecological Observatory Network. An 86% accurate Random Forest model that operates on binary classification was created to predict mosquito threat. Given a location and date input, the …

Oil Palm Crop: State And Gaps Of Research And Technological Development At Global Scale, Latin America And Mexico, Luz Del Carmen Lagunes-Espinoza, César Jesús Vazquez-Navarrete, Joaquín Alberto Rincón-Ramirez, Kathleen Halvorsen

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Oil palm plantations face important challenges in terms of balancing agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. This research synthesis aims to answer key questions regarding the state and knowledge gaps of oil palm (OP) research and technological development (R&D) at a global scale, in Latin America and in Mexico, using all Web of Science® databases and agriculture categories and time spans between 1960 and 2018. Three thousand nine hundred and forty-eight publications were analysed. The research themes started with the generation of agronomic knowledge in 1960. Since 1963, studies in Latin America have focused on yield improvement; since 2010, topics related …

Challenges In Covid-19 Chest X-Ray Classification: Problematic Data Or Ineffective Approaches?, Muhammad Ridzuan, Ameera Ali Bawazir, Ivo Gollini Navarrete, Ibrahim Almakky, Mohammad Yaqub

Computer Vision Faculty Publications

The value of quick, accurate, and confident diagnoses cannot be undermined to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 infection, particularly for severe cases. Enormous effort has been put towards developing deep learning methods to classify and detect COVID-19 infections from chest radiography images. However, recently some questions have been raised surrounding the clinical viability and effectiveness of such methods. In this work, we carry out extensive experiments on a large COVID-19 chest X-ray dataset to investigate the challenges faced with creating reliable solutions from both the data and machine learning perspectives. Accordingly, we offer an in-depth discussion into the challenges faced …

Resveratrol Encapsulation And Release From Pristine And Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Carriers, Simona Ioniţă, Daniel Lincu, Raul-Augustin Mitran, Laila Ziko

Faculty Journal Articles

Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol, has attracted significant attention due to its antioxidant, cardioprotective and anticancer potential. However, its low aqueous solubility limits resveratrol bioavailability and use. In this work, different mesoporous silica matrices were used to encapsulate the polyphenol and to increase its dissolution rate. Pristine MCM-41, MCM-48, SBA-15, SBA-16, FDU-12 and MCF silica were obtained. The influence of SBA-15 functionalized with aminopropyl, isocyanate, phenyl, mercaptopropyl, and propionic acid moieties on resveratrol loading and release profiles was also assessed. The cytotoxic effects were evaluated for mesoporous carriers and resveratrol-loaded samples against human lung cancer (A549), breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) and …

Post-Hpv-Vaccination Mast Cell Activation Syndrome: Possible Vaccine-Triggered Escalation Of Undiagnosed Pre-Existing Mast Cell Disease?, Lawrence B Afrin, Tania T Dempsey, Leonard B Weinstock

Open Access Publications

For nearly a decade, case reports and series have emerged regarding dysautonomias-particularly postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)-presenting soon after vaccination against human papilloma virus (HPV). We too have observed a number of such cases (all following vaccination with the Gardasil product), and have found several to have detectable mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) as well as histories suggesting that MCAS was likely present long before vaccination. We detail 11 such cases here, posing a hypothesis that HPV vaccination (at least with the Gardasil product) may have triggered or exacerbated MCAS in teenagers previously not recognized to have it. Only recently …