Digital Commons Network^™

Second International Consensus Report On Gaps And Opportunities For The Clinical Translation Of Precision Diabetes Medicine, Deirdre K. Tobias, Jordi Merino, Abrar Ahmad, Catherine Aiken, Jamie L. Benham, Dhanasekaran Bodhini, Amy L. Clark, Kevin Colclough, Rosa Corcoy, Sara J. Cromer, Daisy Duan, Jamie L. Felton, Ellen C. Francis, Pieter Gillard, Véronique Gingras, Romy Gaillard, Eram Haider, Alice Hughes, Jennifer M. Ikle, Laura M. Jacobsen, Anna R. Kahkoska, Jarno L.T. Kettunen, Raymond J. Kreienkamp, Lee Ling Lim, Jonna M.E. Männistö, Robert Massey, Niamh Maire Mclennan, Rachel G. Miller, Mario Luca Morieri, Jasper Most, Rochelle N. Naylor, Bige Ozkan, Kashyap Amratlal Patel, Scott J. Pilla

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Precision medicine is part of the logical evolution of contemporary evidence-based medicine that seeks to reduce errors and optimize outcomes when making medical decisions and health recommendations. Diabetes affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, many of whom will develop life-threatening complications and die prematurely. Precision medicine can potentially address this enormous problem by accounting for heterogeneity in the etiology, clinical presentation and pathogenesis of common forms of diabetes and risks of complications. This second international consensus report on precision diabetes medicine summarizes the findings from a systematic evidence review across the key pillars of precision medicine (prevention, diagnosis, treatment, …

Open Educational Resources (Oer) Efficacy And Experiences: A Mixed Methods Study, Jennifer Mayer

University Libraries Publications

This study compared course passing and completion rates of undergraduate students to determine if there was any relationship between use of open educational resources (OER) and these two outcomes. Students who took OER courses and faculty who taught with OER shared their perceptions of the impact of such resources on learning outcomes and teaching methods.

The quantitative analysis revealed that using OER had a positive impact on course passing rates (7 percent increase) and completion rates (10 percent increase) for all students. The qualitative analysis revealed the student perception that OER had some positive impact on their course participation and …

White Adipose Tissue Heterogeneity In The Single-Cell Era: From Mice And Humans To Cattle, Hunter Ford, Qianglin Liu, Xing Fu, Clarissa Strieder-Barboza

Faculty Publications

Adipose tissue is a major modulator of metabolic function by regulating energy storage and by acting as an endocrine organ through the secretion of adipokines. With the advantage of next-generation sequencing-based single-cell technologies, adipose tissue has been studied at single-cell resolution, thus providing unbiased insight into its molecular composition. Recent single-cell RNA sequencing studies in human and mouse models have dissected the transcriptional cellular heterogeneity of subcutaneous (SAT), visceral (VAT), and intramuscular (IMAT) white adipose tissue depots and revealed unique populations of adipose tissue progenitor cells, mature adipocytes, immune cell, vascular cells, and mesothelial cells that play direct roles on …

A Single-Cell Atlas Of Bovine Skeletal Muscle Reveals Mechanisms Regulating Intramuscular Adipogenesis And Fibrogenesis, Leshan Wang, Peidong Gao, Chaoyang Li, Qianglin Liu, Zeyang Yao, Yuxia Li, Xujia Zhang, Jiangwen Sun, Constantine Simintiras, Matthew Welborn, Kenneth Mcmillin, Stephanie Oprescu, Shihuan Kuang, Xing Fu

Faculty Publications

Background: Intramuscular fat (IMF) and intramuscular connective tissue (IMC) are often seen in human myopathies and are central to beef quality. The mechanisms regulating their accumulation remain poorly understood. Here, we explored the possibility of using beef cattle as a novel model for mechanistic studies of intramuscular adipogenesis and fibrogenesis. Methods: Skeletal muscle single-cell RNAseq was performed on three cattle breeds, including Wagyu (high IMF), Brahman (abundant IMC but scarce IMF), and Wagyu/Brahman cross. Sophisticated bioinformatics analyses, including clustering analysis, gene set enrichment analyses, gene regulatory network construction, RNA velocity, pseudotime analysis, and cell–cell communication analysis, were performed to elucidate …

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Fall 2023, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

Hemp has been cultivated for thousands of years. It was grown widely in the United States until the mid-1900s, when laws limited the growth of hemp and later banned it entirely. Since the 2018 Farm Bill removed legal barriers to growing the crop, Louisiana created a structure to regulate hemp farming in 2019.

Because little information existed about hemp in Louisiana, the LSU AgCenter created the Industrial Hemp Working Group to study the crop, create production practices and help growers interested in this ancient plant.

This issue of Louisiana Agriculture focuses on the work of these researchers and the growers …

Chemical Communication In Insects: New Advances In Integrated Pest Management Strategies, Angel Guerrero, Gadi V.P. Reddy

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Early Season Monitoring Of Tarnished Plant Bug, Lygus Lineolaris, In Wild Hosts Using Pheromone Traps, Justin George, James P. Glover, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Chris Johnson, David R. Hall

Faculty Publications

The tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Hemiptera: Miridae), has a wide host range of over 700 plant species, including 130 crops of economic importance. During early spring, managing the field edges with weeds and other wild hosts is important in preventing early-season infestations of L. lineolaris in cotton to prevent damage to the squares and other fruiting structures. Scouting fields for L. lineolaris is time- and labor-intensive, and end-user variability associated with field sampling can lead to inaccuracies. Insect traps that combine visual cues and pheromones are more accurate, sustainable, and economically feasible in contrast to traditional insect detection methods. …

Nod Mice Have Distinct Metabolic And Immunologic Profiles When Compared With Genetically Similar Mhc-Matched Icr Mice, Heidi M. Batdorf, Luz De Luna Lawes, Jeremy T. Richardson, David H. Burk, Samuel D. Dupuy, Michael D. Karlstad, Robert C. Noland, Susan J. Burke, J. Jason Collier

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice are the most commonly used rodent model to study mechanisms relevant to the autoimmunity and immunology of type 1 diabetes. Although many different strains of mice have been used as controls for studies comparing nondiabetic lines to the NOD strain, we hypothesized that the parental strain that gave rise to the NOD line might be one of the best options. Therefore, we compared female ICR and NOD mice, which are matched at key major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci, to understand their metabolic and immunologic similarities and differences. Several novel observations emerged: 1) NOD mice have greater …

Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals: Methods For Combustion Generation, Whole-Body Inhalation And Assessing Cardiopulmonary Consequences, Ankit Aryal, Alexandra Noël, Lavrent Khachatryan, Stephania A. Cormier, Pratiti H. Chowdhury, Arthur Penn, Tammy R. Dugas, Ashlyn C. Harmon

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Particulate matter (PM) containing environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) results from the incomplete combustion of organic wastes which chemisorb to transition metals. This process generates a particle-pollutant complex that continuously redox cycles to produce reactive oxygen species. EPFRs are well characterized, but their cardiopulmonary effects remain unknown. This publication provides a detailed approach to evaluating these effects and demonstrates the impact that EPFRs have on the lungs and vasculature. Combustion-derived EPFRs were generated (EPFR lo: 2.1e−16 radical/g, EPFR hi: 5.5e−17 radical/g), characterized, and verified as representative of those found in urban areas. Dry particle aerosolization and whole-body inhalation were established …

Impact Of A Nutrient Formulation On Longitudinal Myelination, Cognition, And Behavior From Birth To 2 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Nora Schneider, Mickaël Hartweg, Jonathan O’Regan, Jennifer Beauchemin, Leanne Redman, Daniel S. Hsia, Pascal Steiner, Owen Carmichael, Viren D’Sa, Sean Deoni

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Observation studies suggest differences in myelination in relation to differences in early life nutrition. This two-center randomized controlled trial investigates the effect of a 12-month nutritional intervention on longitudinal changes in myelination, cognition, and behavior. Eighty-one full-term, neurotypical infants were randomized into an investigational (N = 42) or a control group (N = 39), receiving higher versus lower levels of a blend of nutrients. Non-randomized breastfed infants (N = 108) served as a reference group. Main outcomes were myelination (MRI), neurodevelopment (Bayley-III), social-emotional development (ASQ:SE-2), infant and toddler behavior (IBQ-R and TBAQ), and infant sleep (BISQ) during the first 2 …

Qtls And Candidate Loci Associated With Drought Tolerance Traits Of Kaybonnet X Zhe733 Recombinant Inbred Lines Rice Population, Yheni Dwiningsih, Julie Thomas, Anuj Kumar, Chirag Gupta, Navdeep Gill, Charles Ruiz, Jawaher Alkahtani, Niranjan Baisakh, Andy Pereira

Faculty Publications

Rice is the most important staple crop for the sustenance of the world’s population, and drought is a major factor limiting rice production. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of drought-resistance-related traits was conducted on a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the self-fed progeny of a cross between the drought-resistant tropical japonica U.S. adapted cultivar Kaybonnet and the drought-sensitive indica cultivar ZHE733. K/Z RIL population of 198 lines was screened in the field at Fayetteville (AR) for three consecutive years under controlled drought stress (DS) and well-watered (WW) treatment during the reproductive stage. The effects of DS were quantified …

Toward Food Security In 2050: Gene Pyramiding For Climate-Smart Rice, Isnaini Isnaini, Yudhistira Nugraha, Niranjan Baisakh, Nono Carsono

Faculty Publications

The decline in crop productivity due to climate change is a major issue that threatens global food security and is the main challenge for breeders today in developing sustainable varieties with a wider tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Breeding climate-smart rice (CSR) cultivars may be the best adaptation to climate change, with the potential to improve future food security and profitability for farmers in many nations. The main objective of this review is to highlight the direction of development of superior rice breeding from time to time, and various studies of new techniques of breeding methods for pyramiding various …

Reevaluation Of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin Equivalency Factors For Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins, Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans, And Polychlorinated Biphenyls For Fishes, Jon A. Doering, Donald E. Tillitt, Steve Wiseman

Faculty Publications

An expert meeting was organized by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1997 to streamline assessments of risk posed by mixtures of dioxin-like chemicals (DLCs) through development of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) equivalency factors (TEFs) for mammals, birds, and fishes. No reevaluation has been performed for fish TEFs. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to reevaluate the TEFs for fishes based on an updated database of relative potencies (RePs) for DLCs. Selection criteria consistent with the WHO meeting resulted in 53 RePs across 14 species of fish ultimately being considered. Of these RePs, 70% were not available at the time …

Responses Of Phytoplankton Communities To Internal Waves In Oligotrophic Oceans, Lingqi Ma, Xiaolin Bai, Edward A. Laws, Wupeng Xiao, Cui Guo, Xin Liu, Kuo Ping Chiang, Kunshan Gao, Bangqin Huang

Faculty Publications

Understanding the potential impacts of internal waves on phytoplankton communities in oligotrophic oceans remains an important research challenge. In this study, we elucidated the impact of internal waves on phytoplankton communities through a comprehensive 154-hr time-series of observations in the South China Sea (SCS). We identified distinctive variations in phytoplankton pigment biomass and composition across the upper, middle, and lower layers of the euphotic zone, which we attributed to the perturbations triggered by internal waves. Phytoplankton other than Prochlorococcus in the lower, nutrient-replete layer likely benefitted from allochthonous nutrients introduced by internal waves, but their growth rates were constrained by …

Sexually Dimorphic Oxytocin Receptor-Expressing (Oxtr) Neurons In The Anteroventral Periventricular Nucleus (Avpv) In The Postpartum Female Mouse Are Involved In Maternal Behavior, Kaustubh Sharma, Armita A. Govar, Bandana Ghimire, Katsuhiko Nishimori, Elizabeth Hammock, Ryoichi Teruyama

Faculty Publications

Maternal care is crucial for the survival and development of offspring. Oxytocin modulates maternal behavior by binding to oxytocin receptors (OXTRs) in various parts of the brain. Previously, we showed that OXTRs are expressed in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) of female, but not male mice. Because the AVPV is involved in the regulation of maternal behavior and oxytocin enhances its induction, this finding leads to the hypothesis that the female specific population of OXTR neurons in the AVPV regulates maternal behavior. To address this hypothesis, OXTR-Venus reporter mice were used to assess if expression levels of OXTR in the …

Inspire : Vol 6, Issue 10, Department Of Medicine

INSPIRE – Department of Medicine Archives

• Message from the Chair
• Medicine at National and International Forums
• Global NCDs and Disorders Research & Research Training Programs Network
• Annual Research Day
• Dermatology Section | Developing Standards
• Dermatology and Integrated Disaster response
• In-depth- featuring Dr Farrukh Koraishy | Visiting Faculty
• Featured Faculty | Dr Adeel Khoja | Senior Instructor “…Life is persistent and the most urgent question is, ‘What are you doing for others!”
• What Academics Are Reading?
• Publications

Mammographic And Sonographic Criteria Of Contralateral Breast Cancer Versus The Index Cancer, Noor Ismael, Mohamed Al-Hilli

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

BACKGROUND: contralateral breast cancer (CBC) exists in two forms: synchronous and metachronous. Screening for CBC is important on initial cancer diagnosis because it allows for informed surgical decision making.OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical, mammographic and sonographic features of CBC and to compare contralateral breast cancer features with those of index cancer.METHODS: A case series study conducted in Breast clinic, Oncology Teaching Hospital. The medical records of patients who visited the center during the period between 2018 and 2020 were reviewed. A total of 29 cases with bilateral breast cancer were collected. Twelve of them were with synchronous contralateral breast cancer …

2023 Fall Nutshell, Morehead State University. Institutional Research & Analysis.

Office of Institutional Research & Analysis Publication Archive

Fall 2023 issue of the Nutshell.

Sustainability Spotlight, University Of Dayton. Hanley Sustainability Institute

Hanley Sustainability Institute Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Sustainability Spotlight, University Of Dayton, Hanley Sustainability Institute

Hanley Sustainability Institute Newsletter

No abstract provided.

George C. Caldwell (1834-1907): American Agricultural Chemist, Pat Munday

Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences Articles

George Caldwell served as president of the American Chemical Society (ACS) in 1892. Prior to this time, the ACS had been a rather parochial New York City based organization. In 1890, the constituency of the ACS expressed its desire to become a truly national body. Toward this end, it forged closer ties with the Chemical Section of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), and merged with the Chemical Section in 1891. As Caldwell had been active with the AAAS group for several years previous to this merger, his election to the presidency of the ACS can be …

Uni Schedule Of Classes: Policies And Procedures, Fall 2023, University Of Northern Iowa

UNI Schedule of Classes

A listing and schedule of the courses being taught as well as policies and procedures concerning attending classes at the University of Northern Iowa.

Sexual Dimorphic Metabolic And Cognitive Responses Of C57bl/6 Mice To Fisetin Or Dasatinib And Quercetin Cocktail Oral Treatment., Yimin Fang, David Medina, Robert Stockwell, Sam Mcfadden, Kathleen Quinn, Mackenzie R Peck, Andrzej Bartke, Kevin N Hascup, Erin R Hascup

Articles

Senolytic treatment in aged mice clears senescent cell burden leading to functional improvements. However, less is known regarding the effects of these compounds when administered prior to significant senescent cell accumulation. From 4-13 months of age, C57BL/6 male and female mice received monthly oral dosing of either 100 mg/kg Fisetin or a 5 mg/kg Dasatinib (D) plus 50 mg/kg Quercetin (Q) cocktail. During treatment, several aspects of healthy aging were assayed including glucose metabolism using an insulin and glucose tolerance test, cognitive performance using Morris water maze and novel object recognition, and energy metabolism using indirect calorimetry. Afterwards, mice were …

Children Are Different: Jones V. Mississippi, Juvenile Life Without Parole, And Why Youthfulness Matters In Sentencing, Giulia Hintz Mcquirter

MC Law Review

“We are a country of mercy, and we are a country of vengeance, and we live with both at the same time.” This is how Robert Dunham, death penalty expert and Executive Director of the Death Penalty Information Center, describes the United States sentencing system. Battling inside each of us is the desire for people to pay for their wrongdoings, warring against the empathy of our human nature that wants to see the good in people, even criminals.

This internal conflict is rarely on better display than in cases involving child criminals. It is impossible to forget that these children …

The Low-Hanging Fruit: Health, Rights, And The Commission, Bright Nkrumah

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

The year 2022 marked the 35th anniversary of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights. As it is a custom in many communities, when one reaches this milestone, it is an opportune time to introspect and reflect on the successes and challenges encountered in one’s journey. It is this template that the paper adopts to measure the prospects and setbacks of the African Commission in the advancement of the right to health. The Article argues that while the body remains the poster child of the continent’s human rights architecture, its inability to clearly articulate how states ought to advance …

Pubertal Progression And Its Relationship To Psychological And Behavioral Outcomes Among Adolescent Boys, Meng-Che Tsai, Yu-Chung Lawrence Wang, Hsun-Yu Chan

Faculty Publications

Variations in pubertal timing and tempo have relevance to psychosocial development. Accounting for pubertal timing, tempo, and psychosocial development simultaneously in a model remains challenging. This study aimed to document the typology of pubertal development in a cohort of Taiwanese adolescent boys and then to examine how the associations between psychosocial variables across time vary by the patterns of pubertal development. A group of adolescent boys (n = 1,368) reported pubertal signs and psychosocial variables for 3 years since seventh grade. The growth mixture model revealed three major classes of pubertal transition: average pubertal growth, late-onset with rapid catch-up, and …

Fall 2023, Seattle University

Seattle University Magazine

No abstract provided.

The House Full Of Otters: Recalling Human–Sea Otter Relationships On An Indigenous Oregon Coast, Douglas Deur, Peter Hatch, Hannah Wellman

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Sea otters have held a special role in the cultural, spiritual, and economic life of Native American communities throughout recorded time. Along the coast of what is now Oregon, Native oral traditions recall a rich history of human encounters with sea otters, and speak of the species’ ubiquity, significance, and sentience. Native people also hunted sea otters, fashioning their uniquely dense fur into chiefly robes and using the pelts in ways central to community life — presaging the species’ later role in the global fur trade. Archaeological evidence of sea otter use can be found in sites of diverse antiquity …

Glimpses Of Oregon’S Sea Otters, Cameron La Follette, Douglas Deur

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Sea otters are an iconic species in the history of what is now known as Oregon. Their pelts brought great wealth in late eighteenth and nineteenth century China, motivating some of Oregon’s earliest exploration, trade, and contact between Native American and Euro-American people. Over time, hunting eliminated the species from Oregon’s coastal waters. This article provides a broad introduction to the history of Oregon’s now-extinct sea otter population, describing the emergence of the Chinese market that created and sustained the hunt, the British discovery of profits to be made by trading for the pelts, and the rise of American traders. …

The Invisible Slaughter: Local Sea Otter Hunters On The Oregon Coast, Cameron La Follette, Richard Ravalli, Peter Hatch, Douglas Deur, Ryan Tucker Jones

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Most accounts of the extirpation of sea otters from the Oregon coast focus on the well-documented international maritime fur trade of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The historical record shows, however, that sea otters persisted much later. The final extirpation in Oregon occurred as a result of household-scale hunting by Native Americans and Euro-American settlers, from the mid-nineteenth century until around 1910. Especially on the south coast, a cottage industry of sea otter hunting flourished for decades — a pattern similar to the neighboring states of Washington and California. This article summarizes this long-ignored history, drawing from the …