Digital Commons Network^™

Behavioral Activation For Smoking Cessation And Mood Management Following A Cardiac Event: Results Of A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Andrew M. Busch, Erin M. Tooley, Shira Dunsiger

Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Smoking cessation following hospitalization for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) significantly reduces subsequent mortality. Depressed mood is a major barrier to cessation post-ACS. Although existing counseling treatments address smoking and depression independently in ACS patients, no integrated treatment addresses both. We developed an integrated treatment combining gold standard cessation counseling with behavioral activation-based mood management; Behavioral Activation Treatment for Cardiac Smokers (BAT-CS). The purpose of this pilot randomized controlled trial was to test feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of BAT-CS vs. Standard of Care (SC).

Methods: Participants were recruited during hospitalization for ACS and were randomly assigned to BAT-CS or …

Oral Health: The Need For Both Conventional Microbial And Molecular Characterization, Elisheva Friedman, Negin Alizadeh, Zvi G. Loewy

Touro College of Pharmacy (New York) Publications and Research

This study aims to consider the microbial distribution in oral disease, as well as gene analysis and expression, in elucidating: 1, the fundamental underpinnings of oral disease, and 2, the potential relationship between oral diseases and systemic health. A key focus is identifying the microbiota associated with oral disease manifestations characterized by both conventional microbiological and molecular methods. Variations in the observed microbial populations characterized by conventional and molecular approaches have been identified for caries, periodontitis, peri-implantitis, and stomatitis. The discovery of therapeutic approaches for oral disease will require comprehensive microbial and genomic analysis. This study evaluated the current state …

Distal Interphalangeal Joint Arthrodesis Complicated By Postoperative Infection: A Rare Presentation Of Disseminated Herpes Simplex Virus., Meredith N. Osterman, Michael P. Gaspar

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Postoperative infection after elective arthrodesis of the interphalangeal joint is an uncommon complication often necessitating urgent debridement. We present the rare case of a female patient with a history of oral herpetic lesions, who underwent elective arthrodesis of the middle and index fingers for treatment of erosive osteoarthritis and subsequently developed a postoperative herpetic infection at the surgical site.

Precarity In The Nonprofit Employment Services Sector, Carlo Fanelli, Debbie Rudman, Rebecca Aldrich

Occupational Therapy Publications

Drawing on interview and focus group data, this article explores research undertaken as part of a larger research project exploring precarity in the nonprofit employment services sector in a mid-sized Canadian city. We critically survey major legislative changes to Canadian employment and income security policies and programs, including the restructuring of work and labor relations, growth of performance-based contracting-out, erosion of intergovernmental transfers, worker stress, and emotional tolls. Our study’s results demonstrate how employment precarity in the nonprofit employment services sector is amplified by top-down and centralized relationships with funding partners and policymaking divorced from the employment experiences of frontline …

Delivery Of Health Education In Adolescents With Behavioral Health Challenges, Ashley Akkal, Ransome Eke Md, Phd, Sulin Wu, Amy Rechenberg, Michael Madrid, Jose Lopez-Vera, Duncan Vos

Research Day

BACKGROUND Adolescents with behavioral health issues tend to have inadequate access to health education, and are thus less aware of the importance of personal and dental hygiene, exercise, and healthy diet and lifestyle habits. Due to this disparity, this population has been known to harbor a higher prevalence of STI’s, drug and alcohol abuse, physical altercations, juvenile detention, and suicide attempts. PURPOSE The overall objective of this study was to examine the effect of integrating a health science curriculum in this population. METHODS Participants aged 5-17 years old were recruited and assigned to either control or science groups by Family …

Journey From Black To Pink Gums: Management Of Melanin Induced Physiological Gingival Hyper Pigmentation, Huma Farid, Muhammad Saad Shinwari, Farhan Raza Khan, Farzin Tanwir

Department of Surgery

Abstract

Smile is an expression of happiness, self-confidence, kindness and beauty. Along with teeth and lips, gingiva is also a vital component of smile. Melanin induced gingival hyper pigmentation may appear un-aesthetic especially when it is associated with high smile line, upper anterior labial segment and is uneven in appearance. It affects individuals from all races. Generally, it is believed that melanin induced gingival hyper pigmentation is confined to individuals from dark races. But studies have shown that Iranian, Indian, Italian, Arabian, Greek. German, French, Japanese, Chinese, Jewish, Thai, Malaysian and other ethnic groups also display clinical gingival pigmentation.1 Gingival …

Blurred Lines: Emerging Practice For Registered Dietitian-Nutritionists In Integrative And Functional Nutrition, Patricia Grace-Farfaglia, Denise L. Pickett-Bernard, Andrea Gorman, Jaleh Dehpahlavan

Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Background This study explored the health philosophy and practice orientation of RDNs in the United States. Methods A randomly selected group of RDNs were recruited to take an online survey using a reduced version of Integrative Medicine practice (IM-30). Confirmatory factor analysis, analyses of variance, and non-parametric tests were used to investigate the relationships between dietetic professionals' personal health philosophy, lifestyle, and orientation to Integrative Medicine. Results Overall construct validity of the IM-26 scale was demonstrated by Cronbach's α with reliabilities ranging from 0.766 to 0.89. Results from chi-square test of goodness-of-fit test (N = 477, χ2 = 228.72, p …

Telehealth And Ehealth In Nurse Practitioner Training: Current Perspectives, Carolyn M. Rutledge, Karen Kott, Rebecca Poston, Christianne Fowler, Tina S. Haney

Nursing Faculty Publications

Telehealth is becoming a vital process for providing access to cost-effective quality care to patients at a distance. As such, it is important for nurse practitioners, often the primary providers for rural and disadvantaged populations, to develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to utilize telehealth technologies in practice. In reviewing the literature, very little information was found on programs that addressed nurse practitioner training in telehealth. This article provides an overview of both the topics and the techniques that have been utilized for training nurse practitioners and nurse practitioner students in the delivery of care utilizing telehealth. Specifically, this …

Evaluation Of School-Based Dental Sealant Programs: An Updated Community Guide Systematic Economic Review, Susan O. Griffin, Shillpa Naavaal, Christina Scherrer, Mona Patel, Sajal Chattopadhyay

Dental Public Health and Policy Publications

Context

A recently updated Community Guide systematic review of the effectiveness of school sealant programs (SSPs) still found strong evidence that SSPs reduced dental caries among schoolchildren. This follow-up systematic review updates SSP cost and benefit information from the original 2002 review.

Evidence acquisition

Using Community Guide economic review methods, the authors searched the literature from January 2000 to November 20, 2014. The final body of evidence included 14 studies—ten from the current search and four with cost information from the 2002 review. Nine studies had information on SSP costs; six on sealant benefit (averted treatment costs and productivity losses); …

Harmonizing National Abortion And Pregnancy Prevention Laws And Policies For Sexual Violence Survivors With The Maputo Protocol, Jill Thompson, Chi-Chi Undie, Avni Amin, Ronald Johnson, Rajat Khosla, Ian Askew, Leopold Ouedraogo, Triphonie Nkurunziza, Sarah Rich, Elizabeth Westley, Melissa Garcia

Reproductive Health

In April 2016, the Population Council, the World Health Organization (WHO), and the International Consortium for Emergency Contraception (ICEC) convened a three-day regional technical meeting aimed at helping participating countries meet their obligations under the Maputo Protocol to protect and promote the reproductive health rights of women and girls, with a special emphasis on survivors of sexual and intimate partner violence. Participants included representatives from six countries in sub-Saharan Africa—Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, and Zambia—as well as international and regional experts on reproductive health, law, and human rights. Presentations and discussions focused primarily on the prevention and management of …

A Study Of Visible Tattoos In Entry -Level Dental Hygiene Education Programs, Kathryn R. Search, Susan L. Tolle, Gayle Mccombs, Aaron Arndt

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to survey entry-level dental hygiene program directors in the United States (US) to assess their perceptions of dental hygienists with visible tattoos as well as to determine current policies related to dress codes in US dental hygiene programs.

Methods: Data was collected with an online survey emailed to 340 dental hygiene program directors from March to April 2016, yielding a 43% (n = 141) response rate. Participants indicated their opinions of visible tattoos on the basis of professionalism and school policy requirements.

Results: Eighty percent of respondents reported their program …

Randomized Trial Of Two Doses Of Vitamin D3 In Preterm Infants <32 Weeks: Dose Impact On Achieving Desired Serum 25(Oh)D3 In A Nicu Population., Ann Anderson-Berry, Melissa Thoene, Julie Wagner, Elizabeth Lyden, Glenville Jones, Martin Kaufmann, Matthew Van Ormer, Corrine K. Hanson

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

BACKGROUND: Recommendations for vitamin D supplementation for preterm infants span a wide range of doses. Response to vitamin D supplementation and impact on outcomes in preterm infants is not well understood.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate serum 25(OH)D3 concentration changes after 4 weeks in response to two different doses of vitamin D3 supplementation in a population of premature infants and quantify the impact on NICU outcomes.

DESIGN: 32 infants born at 24-32 weeks gestation were prospectively randomized to receive 400 or 800 IU/day vitamin D3 supplementation. Serum 25(OH)D3 levels were measured every 4 weeks. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare …

College Of Optometry Overview 2017, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Workplace Violence Against Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study Of Ghanaian Nurses, Isaac Mensah Boafo, Peter Hancock

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The aim of this study was to document the incidence, sources, and effects of workplace physical violence against Ghanaian nurses. Self-report questionnaires were completed by 592 nurses employed in public general hospitals in Ghana. Participants were selected using a combination of purposive and random sampling techniques. Nine percent of the participants experienced physical violence in the 12 months preceding the study. The majority of perpetrators were relatives of patients. Chi-square tests suggested significant relationships between type of hospital and workplace physical violence, and between intention to quit the nursing profession and workplace physical violence. Workplace violence had several negative effects …

Collaborative Instruction For Information Retrieval And Appraisal Skills In Evidence-Based Practice Models For Dental Hygiene Students., Irene M. Lubker, Joan M. Pellegrini

VCU Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Objectives:

1. Collaborate with VCU Dental Hygiene Program faculty to develop and evaluate a model of evidence-based practice (EBP) for students in didactic and clinical settings.

2. Describe how a course was modified to emphasize evidence-based practice.

3. Analyze course evaluations and student scholarly output.

Methods/Materials:

Dental educators strive to develop graduates who practice evidence-based practice and whose clinical decisions are based on current scientific research. A medical librarian was invited to assist in integrating EBP into the dentistry curriculum in 2012. To gain a better understanding of EBP in dental settings, the librarian and dental hygiene faculty attended the …

A Comprehensive Summary Of Services And Resources Provided By Librarians In Support Of Coda Accredited Predoctoral (Dds/Dmd) Dental Education Programs In The United States And Canada, Irene M. Lubker, Elizabeth Stellrecht, Richard Mcgowan, Nena Schvaneveldt, Susan Arnold, Elisa Cortez, Rebecca Davis, Michael Kronenfield, Nicole Theis-Mahon

VCU Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Objective

The objective of this study is to provide a summary of library services and resources that support dental education and research. This summary will demonstrate trends in dental librarianship as well as services and resources that can be adopted to serve the needs of dental related education programs. To date, there has not been a comprehensive summary of these services.

Methods

An environmental scan was carried out to take inventory of services that dental librarians (1) provide. The study population consisted of librarians who work in dental libraries or college / university libraries that serve dental programs. The librarians …

Development Of Methodology For Raman Microspectroscopic Analysis Of Oral Exfoliated Cells, Hugh Byrne, Fiona Lyng, Alison Malkin, Ola Ibrahim, Genecy Calado, Steven Flint, Isha Behl

Articles

Oral squamous cell carcinoma ranks as the 15th most common cancer worldwide. The present study was undertaken to standardise a protocol for the analysis of oral exfoliated cells using Raman microspectroscopy. For this purpose, samples were obtained from two different sites, based on prevalence of disease (ventral side of the tongue and buccal mucosa). Different oral rinsing agents were employed and it was concluded that non-alcoholic mouthwash adequately removes food debris. Samples were collected using various collection tools and compared. It was observed that endo-cervical brushes yielded cells from deeper layers of the epithelium. Furthermore, monolayer formation of cells was …

Pressure Thresholds And Stiffness On The Plantar Surface Of The Human Foot, Thilina W. Weerasinghe, Ravindra S. Goonetilleke, Uwe Reischl

Public Health and Population Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The objective was to develop a methodology to assess Pressure Discomfort Thresholds (PDT), Pressure Pain Thresholds (PPT), and tissue stiffness on the plantar surface of the foot. Ten male and ten female participants volunteered for the study. Foot landmarks were used to create a standardized grid-type template of 95 points. For each test point, PPT and PDT values were obtained, and stiffness was calculated for each of the twenty participants. Cluster analyses were performed to determine the regions of similarity for the three dependent variables, PPT, PDT and stiffness. Moran’s-I-index was used to determine the spatial auto correlations. The use …

Physical Therapist Students’ Development Of Diagnostic Reasoning: A Longitudinal Study, Sarah Gilliland

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Background and Purpose. Clinical reasoning is a complex problem-solving process that is necessary for effective clinical practice in physical therapy. Within the process of clinical reasoning, a physical therapist’s diagnostic reasoning should address the patient’s functional movement abilities and the impact of the patient’s condition on his or her ability to participate in life activities. This longitudinal study examined the development of entry-level physical therapist students’ diagnostic reasoning processes across time in their doctor of physical therapy education.

Methods. Qualitative methods were used to analyze participants’ diagnostic reasoning during a simulated patient case scenario. Six physical therapist students …

Complete Mouth Rehabilitation And Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Conventional And Contemporary Treatment Approaches, Vasilios Chronopoulos, Georgios Maroulakos, Konstantinos Tsoutis, Panagiota Stathopoulou, William W. Nagy

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

This report describes the diagnosis and prosthodontic management of 2 patients with a history of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease and worn dentition. Different treatment approaches were used for oral rehabilitation. Use of conventional and contemporary restorative materials resulted in functional and esthetic prosthodontic rehabilitation with a favorable prognosis.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a “condition which develops when the reflux of stomach contents causes troublesome symptoms and/or complications." Reflux episodes can be intensified by dietary habits, smoking, physical exercise, and obstructive sleep apnea.Complications of GERD are regurgitation, chest pain, esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, esophageal adenocarcinoma, cough, asthma, and dental erosion.GERD is …

A Current Overview Of Materials And Strategies For Potential Use In Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, Hossein E. Jazayeri, Mohammadreza Tahriri, Mehdi Razavi, Kimia Khoshroo, Farahnaz Fahimipour, Erfan Dashtimoghadam, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Tissue regeneration is rapidly evolving to treat anomalies in the entire human body. The production of biodegradable, customizable scaffolds to achieve this clinical aim is dependent on the interdisciplinary collaboration among clinicians, bioengineers and materials scientists. While bone grafts and varying reconstructive procedures have been traditionally used for maxillofacial defects, the goal of this review is to provide insight on all materials involved in the progressing utilization of the tissue engineering approach to yield successful treatment outcomes for both hard and soft tissues. In vitro and in vivo studies that have demonstrated the restoration of bone and cartilage tissue with …

Cranio-Maxillofacial Reconstruction With Microvascular Radialis Flaps—Parameters And Correlations Of Postoperative Pain Management, Gregor F. Raschke, Winfried Meissner, Andre Peisker, Gabriel Djedovic, Ulrich M. Rieger, Arndt Guentsch, Daria Porwit, Marta Gomez-Dammeier, Stefan Schultze-Mosgau

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

Postoperative pain management is of highest interest for patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery including microvascular reconstructive surgery. Currently, there is a lack of information regarding process and outcome of postoperative pain management after microvascular reconstruction.

Materials and methods

In a prospective clinical study, 31 adults were evaluated on the first postoperative day following microvascular reconstruction with a radial forearm flap using the standardized questionnaire of the Germany-wide project Quality Improvement in Postoperative Pain Management (QUIPS). It enables a standardized assessment of patients’ characteristics, pain parameters, outcome and pain therapy process parameters.

Results

Pain management consisted predominately of premedication with midazolam, …

Dental Impressions: The Digital Alternative, Gary L. Stafford

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

The Relationships Between Fluoride Intake Levels And Fluorosis Of Late‐Erupting Permanent Teeth, Pradeep Bhagavatula, Alexandra Curtis, Barbara Broffitt, Karin Weber-Gasparoni, John J. Warren, Steven M. Levy

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

To examine the relationships between fluoride intake levels and fluorosis of late‐erupting permanent teeth.

Methods

The current study used information collected from 437 children in the longitudinal Iowa Fluoride Study. Participants' fluoride intake information was collected using questionnaires from birth to age 10 years. Estimated mean daily fluoride intake was categorized into low, moderate, and high intake tertiles for each age interval (2‐5, 5‐8, and 2‐8 years). Bivariate analyses were performed to study the relationships between self‐reported fluoride intake levels during three age intervals and dental fluorosis.

Results

For canines and second molars, the prevalence of mostly mild fluorosis …

Occupational Therapy Program 2017, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Measurement Of Cortisol In Saliva: A Comparison Of Measurement Error Within And Between International Academic‑Research Laboratories, Jessica L. Calvi, Frances R. Chen, Victoria Brann Benson, Eleanor Brindle, Matt Bristow, Alpana De, Sonja Entringer, Helen Findlay, Christine Heim, Eric A. Hodges, Heiko Klawitter, Sonia Lupien, Holly M. Rus, Jitske Tiemensma, Silvanna Verlezza, Claire-Dominique Walker, Douglas A. Granger

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Objective: Hundreds of scientific publications are produced annually that involve the measurement of cortisol in saliva. Intra- and inter-laboratory variation in salivary cortisol results has the potential to contribute to crossstudy inconsistencies in findings, and the perception that salivary cortisol results are unreliable. This study rigorously estimates sources of measurement variability in the assay of salivary cortisol within and between established international academic-based laboratories that specialize in saliva analyses. One hundred young adults (Mean age: 23.10 years; 62 females) donated 2 mL of whole saliva by passive drool. Each sample was split into multiple- 100 μL aliquots and …

Development Of A Health Care Systems Curriculum., Zachary Pruitt, Rahul Mhaskar, Bryan G. Kane Md, Robert D. Barraco Md, Mph, Deborah J Dewaay, Alexander M. Rosenau Do, Kristin A. Bresnan Md, Marna R. Greenberg Do, Mph, Facep

Department of Emergency Medicine

Background: There is currently no gold standard for delivery of systems-based practice in medical education, and it is challenging to incorporate into medical education. Health systems competence requires physicians to understand patient care within the broader health care system and is vital to improving the quality of care clinicians provide. We describe a health systems curriculum that utilizes problem-based learning across 4 years of systems-based practice medical education at a single institution.

Methods: This case study describes the application of a problem-based learning approach to system-based practice medical education. A series of behavioral statements, called entrustable professional activities, was created …

Single-Stage Osseointegrated Reconstruction And Rehabilitation Of Lower Limb Amputees: The Osseointegration Group Of Australia Accelerated Protocol-2 (Ogaap-2) For A Prospective Cohort Study, Munjed Al Muderis, William Lu, Kevin Tetsworth, Belinda Bosley, Jiao Jiao Li

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Introduction: Lower limb amputations have detrimental influences on the quality of life, function and body image of the affected patients. Following amputation, prolonged rehabilitation is required for patients to be fitted with traditional socket prostheses, and many patients experience symptomatic socket–residuum interface problems which lead to reduced prosthetic use and quality of life. Osseointegration has recently emerged as a novel approach for the reconstruction of amputated limbs, which overcomes many of the socket-related problems by directly attaching the prosthesis to the skeletal residuum. To date, the vast majority of osseointegration procedures worldwide have been performed in 2 stages, which require …

Family Medicine And Community Health Have Borderless Health Topics, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

No abstract provided.

Overview Of Australian Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Health Status 2016, Anomie, Michael Adams, Trish Amaranti, Jane Burns, Samantha Burrow, Neil Drew, Michelle Elwell, Jesse John Fleay, Caitlin Gray, Millie Harford-Mills, Joanne Hoareau, Renee Lynch, Andrea Macrae, Juliette Mundy, Christine Potter, Miranda Poynton, Kathy Ride, Avinna Trzesinski, Library Services, Graham Barker, Lawrence Rutherford

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This report provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent indicators of the health and wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Information focuses on:

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations
• the context of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health
• various measures of population health status
• selected health conditions
• health risk and protective factors.

The Overview shows that the health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people continues to improve slowly and there has been a decline in the death rates for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and also a significant closing of the gap in death rates …