Digital Commons Network^™

Introductory Address: Wrongful Convictions, Ndume Olatushani, Anne-Marie Moyes

Tennessee Journal of Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Time Is Money But Our Indigents Have Neither, Lee T. Nutini

Tennessee Journal of Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Criminal Justice Update - November 2024, Mia Agudelo

Criminal Justice Updates

The Criminal Justice Update is a monthly newsletter created by the Adams County Bar Foundation Fellow providing updates in criminal justice policy coming from Pennsylvania's courts and legislature as well as the US Supreme Court.

Contents:

• Updates from PA Governor's Office (no updates this month)
• Updates from the PA Legislature
• Updates from the Courts
• U.S. Supreme Court: Criminal Law & Procedure
• PA Supreme Court: Criminal Law & Procedure
• PA Superior Court: Criminal Law & Procedure

Alumni Notes, Linfield Magazine Staff, Mariah Johnston 25, Rev. David Massey, Merecedes Rose

Linfield Magazine

News about Linfield alumni

Advocate, Fall 2024, Office Of Development And Alumni Affairs, University Of San Diego School Of Law

Advocate

No abstract provided.

Definite Convictions: United States V. Alt And The Seventh Circuit's Prohibition On Defining "Beyond A Reasonable Doubt", Samuel Busiman

Minnesota Law Review Vols. 106:2 onward (2021-present)

The Seventh Circuit prohibits judges and attorneys from defining “beyond a reasonable doubt” to jurors. While United States v. Alt crystalized this prohibition in early 2023, the circuit has effectively banned definition of the phrase for much longer. Yet, a growing consensus of psychological research into the standard reveals that when left undefined, it fails to protect criminal defendants from uncertain convictions that violate the requirements of due process. What’s more, the phrase was never supposed to serve as a standard of proof in the first place—its historical origins reveal it functioning to assuage the spiritual concerns of early Christian …

Abortion Access For Incarcerated People Post-Dobbs, Kate Bock

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization has fundamentally altered the legal landscape regarding abortion access. Though abortion rights for all people across the United States have now been eliminated or are in jeopardy, incarcerated people are a particularly vulnerable group, given the way carceral institutions restrict autonomy and the drastic health implications of an unwanted pregnancy while confined. Before Dobbs, detained people retained the constitutional right to an elective abortion while incarcerated. To remedy violations of this right, women brought claims under the Fourteenth Amendment and the Eighth Amendment. In a post-Roe world, however, incarcerated folks denied abortion …

Ascende Altius: Issue 3, Cynthia Haynes

Ascende Altius

Welcome to the UofM Graduate School newsletter Ascende Altius! The name of the UofM’s new strategic plan is Ascend. The word “ascend” means to climb, to move upward. It is fitting, then, that the Graduate School’s newsletter be named Ascende Altius! —a Latin phrase meaning “Climb higher!” With over 20 doctoral programs, 40 master’s programs, and a variety of graduate certificates, the University of Memphis graduate school can help you continue your educational journey and reach new heights. We encourage you to explore our flexible and affordable programs.

In this newsletter, you will read about our amazing alumni and students …

Three Stages Of Criminal Justice Remedies, Terry Skolnik

UBC Law Review

No abstract provided.

57(2) Front Matter

UBC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Usa V. Daniel Rutherford

2024 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

The Roles Of Vicarious Trauma Exposure And Perceived Social Support In Codeine Syrup Misuse Among Black Men Living In Prisons, Jardin Dogan-Dixon, Shawndaya S. Thrasher, Shemeka Thorpe, Paris Wheeler, Danelle Stevens-Watkins

Faculty Publications

Using General Strain Theory, this study investigates the effects of vicarious trauma exposure and perceived social support on nonmedical codeine syrup misuse among Black incarcerated men nearing community re-entry. Data were drawn from the Helping Incarcerated Men project, a study examining mental health, substance misuse, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors among Black men living in prisons who were within 180 days of release. A total of 200 Black men self-reported demographics (i.e., age and length of incarceration after age 18), vicarious trauma exposure (e.g., ever witnessing an assault with a weapon and a sudden accidental death), perceived social …

Cultural Predictors Of Self-Esteem Among Black Women With Criminal Justice Involvement And Herpes Simplex Virus, Natalie Malone, Jardin N. Dogan-Dixon, Shemeka Thorpe, Shawndaya S. Thrasher, Paris Wheeler, Danelle Stevens-Watkins, Carrie B. Oser

Faculty Publications

Black women have disproportionately alarming HSV-2 infection rates yet receive little attention in sexual health literature. Using a strengths-based resilience framework, this study sought to determine culturally relevant protective predictors of self-esteem for Black women who are justice-involved and have HSV-2. The authors conducted secondary data analysis on data from the “Black Women in the Study of Epidemics (B-WISE) Project,” a longitudinal prospective study investigating health disparities and health services utilization among Black women with justice involvement. At baseline, N = 151 Black women with HSV-2 who were incarcerated or on probation completed survey measures assessing self-esteem, ethnic identity affirmation …

Unl Emeriti And Retirees Association Newsletter, November 2024

UNL Emeriti and Retirees Association: Newsletters and Other Materials

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Emeriti and Retirees Association Newsletter, November 2024

Formalizing Fairness: Statistical Measures Of Parity For Recidivism Prediction Instruments, Joshua Song

Michigan Technology Law Review

Recidivism prediction instruments (RPI) are increasingly employed as an algorithmic arm of the criminal justice system to assist in bond, sentencing, and probation determinations. Due process and ethics guidelines require that RPIs, such as the Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS), apply a fair assessment in making recidivism predictions. To establish fair RPIs, we must first define standards of fairness and methods to measure bias in RPI outputs. However, defining algorithmic fairness can be cryptic and context-dependent. Scholars have proposed different criteria for what defines a fair RPI. Unfortunately, these criteria are conflicting and mutually exclusive; it is …

Ideal Enforcement: How Do We Achieve Optimal Enforcement Of Traffic Law As Ubiquitous Enforcement Becomes Technologically Conceivable?, Bryant Walker Smith, Jeffrey Michael, Johnathon Ehsani

Michigan Technology Law Review

Safety. Mobility. Technology. Data. Equity. Autonomy. Community. Justice. Power. Trust. These themes have resonated over the last few years across a wide range of specific issues—some that are new and others that have only recently received the broader attention that they demand. A coming age of “perfect enforcement,” in which both public and private actors use increasingly powerful, pervasive, and affordable technologies to automatically identify and penalize every deviation from public or private rules, captures all these issues: They meet—in the language of physics, they interfere, whether constructively or destructively—to affect both perception and reality. The potential role of technology …

Chanticleer | November 2024, Jacksonville State University

Chanticleer

No abstract provided.

The Heterogeneous Effects Of Cannabis Dispensaries On Crime: The Importance Of Foot Traffic, Thomas Lebesmuehlbacher, Justin Roush, Rhet A. Smith

Hunt Institute Working Paper Series

This paper pairs exact dispensary locations with city block level crime data to study the impact of medical cannabis dispensaries on crime in the state of Florida from 2016-2019. Leveraging a Florida state law that requires broadly uniform security provisions across dispensaries, we capture important dispensary heterogeneity by incorporating customer volume and local non-dispensary foot traffic with smartphone geopositional data. We use not-yet-operational dispensary locations as a control group and a geo-spatial difference-in-differences framework and find reductions in larceny, vehicle burglary, and motor vehicle theft following the opening of high-volume dispensaries. We fail to find evidence of similar deterrent effects …

Reconstructing Citizenship, Jenny E. Carroll, James Jeter

Faculty Scholarship

In our republican democracy, voting is a central right of citizenship. Yet millions of voters are routinely disenfranchised as a result of convictions or because their carceral status creates barriers to voting. In the past decade, academic scholarship has focused on the impact of disenfranchisement based on conviction. This work has mapped the legal and social implications of policies that deny voting rights to over five million otherwise eligible voters nationwide. Yet this work has some gaps. First, by focusing solely on conviction-based disenfranchisement, the existing scholarship has largely ignored fatal barriers to voting created (and at times perpetuated) by …

Bard Observer, Vol. 23, No. 5 (November 2024), Bard College

Bard Observer, 2020 - 2029

No abstract provided.

Rwu Law Alumni Newsletter November 2024, Roger Williams University School Of Law

RWU Law

No abstract provided.

Do #Blm At The Plantation: A Study Of Plantation Tourism After The Racial Reckoning Of 2020, Denetria N. Lee

LSU Master's Theses

Following the murder of George Floyd at the hands of Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin, the widespread public protest of racial injustice created a groundswell that prompted corporate and media responses, so much so that by the end of the summer of 2020, it seemed as if "Black Lives Mattered" everywhere and to everyone. Public response incentivized subsequent corporate response in financial pledges and other commitments to racial justice initiatives until 2020, which became known as the year that America confronted racism or the racial reckoning of 2020. While the public demanded acknowledgment of the many forms of contemporary racial …

Ud In The News Oct. 26-Nov. 1, University Of Dayton

News Releases

Students were on The Briefing with Steve Scully on SiriusXM to discuss their class where they write campaign memos. Local media featured hands-on learning opportunities for students, a grant to help disabled children connect with religion, and more.

As Punishment For Arrests: Involuntary Servitude Under The Housekeeping Exception To The Thirteenth Amendment, Elissa Bowling

Minnesota Law Review Vols. 106:2 onward (2021-present)

The Thirteenth Amendment reads: “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.” Yet, in contemporary American jails and prisons, pretrial detainees have been forced to perform work for these carceral facilities despite not being convicted of a crime. When tasked with assessing the constitutionality of such pre-conviction labor policies, courts employed a narrow reading of the Thirteenth Amendment and ruled that jails and prisons can compel pretrial detainees to perform maintenance and operational tasks under the …

A Republic Of Spending, Jonathan S. Gould

Michigan Law Review

Large-scale spending measures make up many of Congress’s most important recent contributions to national policymaking. Congress has appropriated trillions of dollars to respond to emergencies, fight climate change, expand social safety net programs, spur technological innovation, and strengthen national infrastructure. While the contemporary Congress’s failure to enact landmark regulatory statutes causes many to characterize it as dysfunctional, Congress in fact remains quite active—its policymaking energy is simply concentrated in the spending domain.

Congress’s use of spending rather than regulatory legislation as its primary way of shaping national policy marks a significant shift in American governance. This Article examines the causes …

Neutrosophic Cognitive Map For The Analysis Of Substances Subject To Control, Bryan Joel Morales Sánchez, Cristian Fernando Benavides Salazar, Julio Cesar Benavides Salazar, Erika Estefanía Barreiro Cedeño, Yusleidy Marlie Gordo Gómez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study addresses the central problem of analyzing the commercialization of controlled substances using a neutrosophic cognitive map approach, a tool that has been little explored in this context. The need to investigate this phenomenon lies in the increasing complexity and ambiguity of controlled substances markets, where factors such as regulation, consumer behavior, government policies, and the evolution of supply and demand, generate a highly uncertain and dynamic environment. Despite previous research in the field of commercialization of these substances, traditional approaches fail to capture the interaction and combined effects of the multiple elements that influence the market. This study …

The Consequences And Constitutionality Of Training Police To Blame Victims, Margareth Etienne, Richard H. Mcadams

William & Mary Law Review

A common technique in American interrogations is “moral minimization,” in which investigators excuse or justify the suspect’s criminal behavior on moral grounds. A surprising type of moral minimization is explicit victim-blaming, which includes blaming the victim by endorsing negative stereotypes on the basis of gender, race, religion, or sexual orientation, what we call victim-blaming-bystereotype. No one has previously considered the policy wisdom or constitutionality of this technique. We explore the unintended consequences. One cost is the secondary victimization of those who suffer from crime, especially when they discover how detectives have disparaged them. The second is the effect on the …

Recalibrating Interbranch Bargaining, Emily Berman

William & Mary Law Review

To fulfill its constitutional functions, Congress must have access to information from within the executive branch. Whether it is assessing the need to amend the authorities of administrative agencies, determining whether to fund executive branch programs, or investigating allegations of waste, fraud, and abuse, Congress can act responsibly only if it is able to compile an accurate picture of executive branch activities. When executive branch officials resist these requests—for either legitimate or problematic reasons—the resulting conflict is traditionally resolved amicably through interbranch negotiations, not inter-branch litigation. Indeed, courts heard a total of four congressional-executive information disputes in the nation’s first …

Applying Neutrosophic Natural Language Processing To Analyze Complex Phenomena In Interdisciplinary Contexts, Diego Fernando Coka Flores, Ignacio Fernando Barcos Arias, María Elena Infante Miranda, Omar Mar Cornelio

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The paper addresses the challenge of integrating natural language processing (NLP) with neutrosophic logic to solve problems where uncertainty, ambiguity, and indeterminacy play a critical role. This approach becomes particularly relevant in an increasingly digitalized world, where human-machine interaction requires a deeper understanding of linguistic and contextual nuances. Despite advances in conventional NLP, many existing methodologies lack tools to effectively manage undefined or contradictory elements present in real data. In this context, neutrosophic logic offers an innovative framework to model and analyze complex and multifaceted human perceptions. The study applies a methodology that combines advanced NLP techniques with neutrosophic analytical …

Insertion And Use Of Multicriteria Methods For Neutrosophic Judicial Evaluation, Roberto Carlos Jiménez Martinez, María José Calderón Velásquez, Manuel Augusto Suarez Albiñol, Yusleidy Marlie Gordo Gómez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study addresses the growing need to integrate multicriteria methods into judicial evaluation, specifically through a neutrosophic approach, to improve the accuracy and reliability of legal decision-making. Today, the judicial system faces critical challenges related to the interpretation of evidence, the consideration of multiple factors, and the uncertainty inherent in complex cases. Although various approaches have been used in judicial evaluation, few effectively address the ambiguity and indeterminacy present in the opinions of judges and experts, leading to fragmented or biased analysis. This study seeks to close that gap by applying neutrosophic multicriteria methods, which allow for a more balanced …