Digital Commons Network^™

Policy Review And Development Guide: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Questioning, And Intersex Persons In Custodial Settings, 3rd Ed., Brenda V. Smith, Jaime M. Yarussi

Research Reports & White Papers

The Project on Addressing Prison Rape (the Project) at American University’s Washington College of Law (WCL) has had a cooperative agreement with the National Institute of Corrections (NIC) to provide training and technical assistance to high-level correctional decisionmakers on key issues in preventing and addressing staff sexual misconduct since 1999. In 2003, with the enactment of the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA), the Project’s focus shifted to addressing prison rape—both staff sexual misconduct and inmateon- inmate sexual abuse. Beginning in 2006, Smith Consulting began a collaborative effort with the Project and NIC to focus efforts on providing technical assistance to …

Fashioning Children: Gender Restrictive Dress Codes As An Entry Point For The Tans School To Prison Pipeline, Deanna J. Glickman

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.

Still Not Equal: A Report From The Red States, Clifford Rosky

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

This chapter considers how the LGBT movement might pursue legal equality — alongside lived equality — now that same-sex couples enjoy the freedom to marry across the United States. In particular, it focuses on the passage of antidiscrimination laws in swing states and red states. While this objective may sound familiar — perhaps even passé — the political dynamics and strategic dilemmas that it presents are unprecedented. As one activist admits, the challenges now facing LGBT people in swing states and red states are “unlike anything we’ve faced before.” The chapter begins by explaining why the LGBT movement is likely …

In The Wasteland Of Your Mind: Criminology, Scientific Discovieries And The Criminal Process, Michael L. Perlin, Alison Lynch

Articles & Chapters

This paper addresses a remarkably-underconsidered topic: the potential impact of scientific discoveries and an increased understanding of the biology of human behavior on sentencing decisions in the criminal justice system, specifically, the way that sentencing has the capacity to rely on scientific evidence (such as brain imaging) as a mitigating factor (or perhaps, in the mind of some, as an aggravating factor) in determining punishment.

Such a new method of evaluating criminality, we argue, can be beneficial not only for the defendant, but also for the attorneys and judge involved in the case. If used properly, it may help to …

Current Issues In Therapeutic Jurisprudence, David Wexler

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Rebuilding The Catholic Brand In America: An Isocratean Perspective, Dominic Mamimilian Ofori

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation attempts to rebuild the American Catholic brand fractured by the priests' sexual abuse scandals, using Isocrates' theory of self-defense and self-representation as found in his Antidosis. The work conceptualizes the Catholic Church as a brand because it is a religious organization with an army of followers, is well-known, and is an indisputable leader in the provision of education, healthcare, and social welfare, thereby playing an important role in the socio-cultural consciousness of many Americans. Built over centuries of service to its members and the country, the Catholic brand from the 1960s to the dawn of the twenty-first century …

Beyond Legality: Understanding The Legitimacy Of Executive Action In Immigration Law, Ming Hsu Chen

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Restorative Justice From The Margins To The Center: The Emergence Of A New Norm In School Discipline, Thalia Gonzalez

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Glass Ceiling For Female Professionals, Executives, And Managerial Employees In Japan: 30th Anniversary Of The Eeao And Prime Minister Abe's Womenomics– Introduction To The Symposium Issue– Introduction To The Symposium Issue, Setsuo Miyazawa

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Improving Access To Justice In Developing And Post-Conflict Countries: Practical Examples From The Field, Jessica Vapnek, Peter Boaz, Helga Turku

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Law Enforcement As Political Question, Zachary S. Price

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Legal Indeterminacy In Insanity Cases: Clarifying Wrongfulness And Applying A Triadic Approach To Forensic Evaluations, Kate Bloch, Jeffery Gould

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

“What Is Old Is New Again”: Comments On Malcolm Feeley’S Tappan Lecture, Hadar Aviram

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Judicial Ethical Integrity: Challenges And Solutions, Morris A. Ratner

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Importance Of Differentiating Between Traits Of Autism Spectrum Disorder And Callous And Unemotional Traits, Kristen Parys

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The study assesses the apparent similarities and underlying differences between traits of autism spectrum disorder and callous and unemotional traits, and problematic sexual behaviors that can result in involvement in the juvenile justice system. The need to differentiate between these traits and better understand their impact on response to treatment within treatment facilities for offenders is highlighted. This research investigated the presence of individuals with traits of autism spectrum disorders and callous and unemotional traits in adolescent males in a residential treatment program for sexual offenses, and whether instruments that are typically used to identify these characteristics were effective in …

Toward Housing Stability: Exiting Homelessness As An Emerging Adult, Jeff Karabanow, Sean A. Kidd, Tyler Frederick, Jean Hughes

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper explores the lives of formerly homeless young people as they transitioned towards housing stability. The study employed a longitudinal design involving 51 street youth in Halifax, N.S. (n = 21) and Toronto, ON (n = 30). This paper sheds light upon the pathways through which young people transitioned away from homelessness using the developmental lens of emerging adulthood: a stage involving numerous developmental struggles (identity, instability, self-focus, feeling in-between) but also an age filled with hope and possibilities. There are numerous interrelated factors at play that allow participants to regain a sense of citizenship with mainstream society. While …

Cruel And Unusual: The Architecture Of Oppression, Cory Cwiak

Architecture Theses

Currently over 2.4 million people are incarcerated in the state prison system in the United States. This figure is a result of dramatic spike in incarceration since 1980, in which the U.S. prison population has grown 800%. The U.S. prison population far out numbers every other country on a per capita basis. Today, 734 of each 100,000 Americans are behind bars. Within this population, two statistics stand out: 72% of prison inmates are incarcerated are there for non-violent offenses and 55% of the overall prison population is serving time for drug related charges. Decades of “get tough on crime” initiatives …

Do Victim Impact Panels Reduce Dui Recidivism?, Sarah Leigh Joyce

Criminal Justice and Political Science

This study looks at Victim Impact Panels as an effective program for reducing recidivism of convicted drunk drivers. Researchers collected data on a group of DUI offenders who were sentenced to attend a Victim Impact Panel (VIP) after being convicted of a DUI (410 cases) and a group of DUI offenders who were sentenced by a judge who did not order them to attend a VIP (373 cases). Using logistic regression, researchers found those offenders who were sentenced to attend a Victim Impact Panel were significantly less [likely] to reoffend, both in terms of subsequent DUI convictions, and criminal offenses …

Counterfeit Industry And The Link To Terrorism, Holly Barbara Holt

Apparel Design and Hospitality Management

The purpose of this research study is to explore whether consumers would be complicit in the purchase of counterfeit goods once becoming aware of the counterfeit industry being linked to terrorism. Counterfeit goods are defined as identical copies of authentic products and they are produced without the permission of the registered owner (Carpenter & Lear, 2011). Almost any product can be counterfeited from clothing, shoes, jewelry, handbags and even medicines. Counterfeit products are sold at a fraction of the cost of the authentic product. This study identifies the ‘why’ to consumer complicity to purchase the counterfeit items. There are legalities …

Anomie In The Oil Patch? An Examination Of Durkheim’S Anomie Theory Through A Case Study Of The Bakken Region, Fred Matthew Jones

Theses and Dissertations

Emile Durkheim serves as one of the seminal contributors to the field of sociology; his contributions to criminology are numerous as well. Many authors consider Durkheim’s concept of anomie to be his most important contribution to the field of criminology (Lunden, 1972). Durkheim’s anomie theory has been subject to extensive empirical examination, these efforts have resulted in disparate findings. Graeff and Mehlkop (2007) insist this lack of coherence is due to improper operationalization of Durkheim’s anomie by some researchers. In particular, it is the utilization of cross sectional data in these previous studies which contributes to these disparate results. The …

Fasd, Verbal Comprehension And Maladaptive Behavior, Anthony Brian Athmann

Theses and Dissertations

A Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Diagnosis is comprised of various levels of physical

dysmorphia and behavioral and cognitive dysfunctions. Early identification and diagnosis is difficult, requires specially trained practitioners and often results in the delay of receiving necessary services. This is particularly true for those individuals living in

underserved rural areas. However, screening children with commonly used assessment

tools may help to more quickly identify children who have been prenatally exposed to

alcohol. The purpose of the present study was to contribute to the development of a

neurobehavioral profile of alcohol-exposed children through examining if relationship

exists between verbal comprehension deficits …

Gender Differences In Factors Contributing To Frequency Of Victimization Among Youth In Residential Placement, Chelsey Hukriede

Theses and Dissertations

Violence and victimization are common aspects of life for incarcerated individuals, even youth, with a large majority of offenders reporting experiences of some form of victimization during their stay in custody. Routine activities theory argues that most criminal acts require a convergence of motivated offenders, suitable targets, and the absence of capable guardianship. The purpose of this study is to explore quantitatively, facility and individual level factors that may affect experiences of robbery, physical and sexual assault victimization among youth in residential custody, and how these factors might vary by gender. To answer my research question, secondary data from The …

Science, Technology, Engineering, Math (Stem) In Higher Education From The Perspective Of Female Students: An Institutional Ethnography, Laura Parson

Theses and Dissertations

A persistent disadvantage for females is systemically embedded in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) education in postsecondary institutions. As a result, undergraduate women majoring in STEM fields face a uniquely difficult path; yet, for the most part, recommendations made and supported in the literature have focused on recruitment of women to STEM fields or on ways to make women more successful and comfortable in their STEM major. These recommendations have so far proved to be insufficient to remedy a gender gap and serve to replicate the existing male hierarchy. In order to truly make the STEM classroom one in …

#Sayhername Captured: Using Video To Challenge Law Enforcement Violence Against Women, Amber Baylor

Faculty Scholarship

Kianga Mweba’s cellphone camera blurs into darkness broken by flashes of lights surrounding her car. From the audio of her cellphone recording, one can hear Kianga Mweba scream as she is pulled out of the car and tased. Mweba, arrested as she filmed the police detaining a man on the street, was charged with attempted assault on an officer. After recovering footage from her phone, her defense attorney produced the video as evidence against the criminal charges. Now the recording is a key piece of evidence in a lawsuit against the department. Mweba’s experience, captured by her cellphone camera, rallied …

Coercively Compromised Authorships: Risk Factors In Spaces Of Writing Practice, Mary Kateri Laughlin

English

This dissertation project explores the potential for coercive interactions to shape collaboratively authored, singularly credited textual productions. Building on the work of Composition Studies, which reflects a sustained history of engagement with issues pertaining to coercion (e.g., authority; hierarchy), and grounded by the argument that all authorship constitutes at least some degree of collaboration, the driving inquires of the project explore multiple sites of writing practice to identify factors that may act as doorways for coercive pressure, including worst-case scenarios of coercive collaboration that find an individual facing punitive consequences for a text substantially authored by unacknowledged collaborators. The dissertation …

A Federal Certificate Of Rehabilitation Program: Providing Federal Ex-Offenders More Opportunity For Successful Reentry, Lisa A. Rich

Faculty Scholarship

The purpose of this Article is to propose a new federal certificate of rehabilitation program. The creation of such a program not only would help the thousands of federal offenders released back into their communities every year overcome employment barriers but would also serve as a model for states to use in addressing the need of their own burgeoning population of former offenders. In order to understand the magnitude of the problem, it is essential to understand the pool of offenders affected by their criminal history, the intent of the federal agencies to assist this disadvantaged group, and the barriers …

Still Searching For The Tzutzu Flower: Cautions Against Extending The Federal Analogue Act Of 1986, Audrey Redford

University of Florida Journal of Law & Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Emerging Clinical Research Demonstrates The Importance Of Adhering To Federal Sentencing Guidelines For Defendants Convicted Of Possession Of Child Pornography, Margaret A. Beck

University of Florida Journal of Law & Public Policy

No abstract provided.

It's Not (Fundamentally) Fair!: The Right To Counsel On The Immigration Consequences Of Juvenile Misconduct, Joanna C. Kloet

University of Florida Journal of Law & Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Utopianism: An Exercise In Law And Literature, Susan Herman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.