Digital Commons Network^™

What The Numbers Say About How To Reduce Imprisonment: Offenses, Returns, And Turnover, Pamela Oliver

Marquette Law Review

Reformers across the political spectrum are calling for a rollback of mass incarceration. The U.S. rate of incarceration in state prisons would have to decline by 75% to return to its 1970s level. How might this be accomplished? This Article provides descriptive statistics about the mix of offenses, sentence lengths, and admission types and shows that no single approach can undo mass incarceration. Those classified as violent offenders are a majority of those in prison, but nonviolent offenders are a majority of those entering, leaving, or having been in prison. A majority of those in prison are scheduled to be …

High Risk, Not Hopeless: Correctional Intervention For People At Risk For Violence, Jennifer L. Skeem, Devon L. L. Polaschek

Marquette Law Review

Across the United States, jurisdictions are working to reduce absurdly high incarceration rates without jeopardizing historically low crime rates. Well-validated risk assessment can identify people at low risk who can be managed safely in the community. But what about high-risk people? In this Article, we synthesize research on effective ways to identify and reduce risk of reoffending among people at high risk of recidivism, including people with psychopathic traits. To maximize the impact of criminal justice reform, we recommend that policymakers prioritize high risk clients for treatment, provide treatments most likely to work with these clients, and reframe incarceration as …

Violence Reduction Using The Principles Of Risk-Need-Responsivity, Faye S. Taxman

Marquette Law Review

Violence presents unique challenges to individuals, communities, and the justice system. The Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) model is framed as addressing how to respond to individuals with various forms of violent or violent-related behaviors. The emphasis is on linking individuals to appropriate services and using services and programs that can assist the individuals with learning to manage their aggressive behaviors. Much of the techniques involve addressing situational responses that occur in natural community environments; the models for delivering services and facilitating change tend to be limited to group-based therapy sessions that are not necessarily adaptable to these environmental cues (where emotions and …

Robbery, Recidivism, And The Limits Of The Criminal Justice System, Richard Wright, William J. Sabol, Thaddeus L. Johnson

Marquette Law Review

The roughly 175,000 convicted robbers currently serving time in the U.S. eventually will be released. Over half of them will have been there before. Locked up as mostly young men and women, they will return to the communities they left behind, possessing little more than a criminal record and the clothes on their back. Many will find themselves owing supervision fees to the state; almost all will face legal barriers to employment, decent housing, political participation, and other sources of social inclusion. What can the criminal justice system—a system designed to prevent and deter lawbreaking— realistically do to keep them …

Montanan, Winter 2020, University Of Montana--Missoula

Montanan Magazine, 1969-2024

This is the magazine of the University of Montana with news about the University for UM alumni as well as current faculty, students, staff, and administrators. This is volume 37, number 1.

The Icc And Beyond: Re-Evaluating The Promise Of International Criminal Justice: Remarks, Charles C. Jalloh

Articles

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Law—Supervising Consumption: The Argument For Supervised Injection Facilities As A Valid Exercise Of States’ Police Power, Jennifer H. Diggles

Western New England Law Review

From medically assisted treatment to syringe exchange programs, the harm reduction movement has emerged as an evidence-based practice in response to the growing opioid epidemic. The supervised injection facility is a harm reduction measure that has proven effective in reducing overdose deaths and the spread of infectious diseases. Various countries around the world have initiated these programs and realized the benefits, and several states in the U.S. have proposed legislation to allow for such facilities as part of a broader approach to the opioid problem. Potential implementation of these facilities, however, is challenged on the basis that they would violate …

The Negative Effects Of Growing Up In Poverty On Brain Development And What Teachers Can Do To Level The Playing Field, Jamie L. Leaf

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This literature review was conducted to answer two questions. What are the negative effects of growing up in poverty on brain development and how can teachers level the playing field? The following chapters highlight the areas of the brain most effected by poverty, the functions of those specific areas, along with the negative side effects that come with having underdeveloped portions of the brain. Some of the negative side effects include impulsivity, lack of decision-making, weakened working memory, and difficulty with reading comprehension. Subsequently, there will be specific interventions that can aid in bridging the gap between low-income and middle- …

Filling The California Federal District Court Vacancies, Carl Tobias

Law Faculty Publications

"President Donald Trump frequently argues that confirming federal appellate judges constitutes his quintessential success. The President and the Republican Senate majority have dramatically eclipsed appeals court records by appointing fifty-one conservative, young, and capable appellate court nominees, which leaves merely one vacancy across the country. Nonetheless, these approvals have imposed costs, especially among the plentiful district courts that address seventy-four openings in 677 judicial positions.

The most striking example is the four California districts, which realize seventeen pressing vacancies among sixty posts. The Administrative Office of the United States Courts (AO), the federal judiciary’s administrative arm, designates all of them …

The Cat Is Already Out Of The Bag: Resolving The Circuit Split Over The Dangerous Patient Exception To The Psychotherapist–Patient Privilege, Blake R. Hills

University of Baltimore Law Review

No abstract provided.

Climate Change & Greenhouse Gases: Keeping Our Vehicle Emissions Standards Safe, Andrew Harvey

University of Baltimore Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Potential For Improving Honors Retention With Degree Planning, Teddi S. Deka

Honors in Practice Online Archive

Students who begin in honors do not always complete program requirements. As an investigation into student retention, the author introduces a degree-planning workshop into a freshman seminar. The study involves two groups of students from different incoming classes: one (2018) participating in their degree-planning through the workshop and the other (2015) not. Students (n = 150) were compared against three retention criteria based on successive enrollment and withdrawal. Chi-square analyses reveal significant differences only for program withdrawal, indicating that those completing the workshop were less likely to be removed from the program due to lack of progress. The workshop group …

Honors In Practice, Volume 16, Editorial Matter

Honors in Practice Online Archive

indexing statement

editorial board

contents

Editorial Policy, Deadline, and Submission Guidelines

Dedication to Steven T. Engel

Editor’s Introduction -- Ada Long

About the Authors

NCHC Publication Descriptions and Order Form

A Self-Study Of The Relationships Between My Leadership And The Promotion Of A Supportive School Environment, Cory Overstreet

Dissertations

A SELF-STUDY of the RELATIONSHIPS between MY LEADERSHIP and the PROMOTIon of a SUPPORTIVE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT There has been a recent focus in education on Social Emotional Learning, Restorative Justice, and Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS). All of these areas are tied to creating a Supportive School Environment that will help students be successful. Chicago Public Schools created a Supportive School Certification process in 2017 and works closely with schools to help them achieve certification (Mathewson, 2017). as the fifth principal in the past ten years at J. P. Miller School, there has been a significant change in leadership styles, …

Claiming Debate’S Value For Honors Student Learning, Megan Snider Bailey

Journal of the National Collegiate Honors Council Online Archive

One reason that honors faculty often engage students in seminar discussions is to keep debate’s features of competition, argument, and discord at bay. Intentionally structured academic debate represents a transdisciplinary pedagogy capable of cultivating ethical and empathetic citizenship through critical and creative thinking. The author uses such debate in a seminar curriculum to engage multiple sides of a single, complex sociopolitical issue with students of different disciplinary backgrounds, thereby fostering new understandings of beliefs: what is believed, why it is believed, and how one might live in accord with one’s beliefs as an ethical citizen. Through research, writing, and oral …

About The Authors; About The Nchc Monograph Series; Nchc Monographs & Journals; Nchc Publications Order Form

Journal of the National Collegiate Honors Council Online Archive

No abstract provided.

Into The Storm, Robert Gill

Journal of the National Collegiate Honors Council Online Archive

Many colleges profess a deep commitment to teaching the values of social justice by simply following laws and then using compliance as evidence of building inclusive community. This essay considers practical outcomes for the authentic and compassionate teaching of social justice issues by presenting two (2018 and 2019) seven-week honors offerings that examine minimally stipulated laws and the ways they are enacted by encouraging students to engage in contemporary and historical discourses on the subject. Challenging honors educators to reexamine legal philosophies, historical precedence, and their role in the academy, the author argues for the moral obligation of honors to …

"Inciting A Riot": Silent Sentinels, Group Protests, And Prisoners' Petition And Associational Rights, Nicole B. Godfrey

Seattle University Law Review

This Article argues for increased legal protections for prisoners who choose to engage in group protest to shed light on the conditions of their incarceration. A companion piece to a similar article that focused on prisoner free speech rights, this Article uses the acts of protest utilized by the Silent Sentinels to examine why prisoners’ rights to petition and association should be strengthened. By strengthening these rights, the Article argues that we will advance the values enshrined by the First Amendment’s Petition Clause while simultaneously advancing the rights of the incarcerated millions with little to no political power.

The Article …

The Internet Never Forgets: A Federal Solution To The Dissemination Of Nonconsensual Pornography, Alexis Santiago

Seattle University Law Review

As technology evolves, new outlets for interpersonal conflict and crime evolve with it. The law is notorious for its inability to keep pace with this evolution. This Comment focuses on one area that the law urgently needs to regulate—the dissemination of “revenge porn,” otherwise known as nonconsensual pornography. Currently, no federal law exists in the U.S. that criminalizes the dissemination of nonconsensual pornography. Most U.S. states have criminalized the offense, but with vastly different degrees of severity, resulting in legal inconsistencies and jurisdictional conflicts. This Comment proposes a federal solution to the dissemination of nonconsensual pornography that carefully balances the …

The Effects Of Dyslexia In College-Aged Students Studying Special Education, Kailah Hardy

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

This project focused on the disadvantages students with dyslexia face in college as a result of the still present deficits in reading and writing. One-to-one interviews revealed gathered participant information such as demographic information, their history with dyslexia (such as the social, academic, and personal struggles each individual experiences and how they cope with these struggles), and their present challenges/difficulties related to dyslexia, but also with college-level writing. The findings of this study detailed the lingering effects of three college students who still struggle with dyslexia and in what ways it has affected their life.

Stakeholder Perceptions On Transitioned Foster Youth Work Outcomes: A Mixed Methods Study In San Antonio, Bonnie Inkel

Occupational Therapy Program Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Purpose: This examination of stakeholder perceptions on transitioned foster youth work outcomes is a crucial step to identify service strengths and barriers, characteristics of successful/unsuccessful outcomes, and opportunities for occupational therapy collaboration in San Antonio, Texas.

Method: A mixed-methods approach identified perceptions from two groups of stakeholders. Group I included transitionedfoster youth ages 18–24, and group II involved public/private agency professionals working with youth. Small sample sizes prevented traditional statistical analysis, but the Excel VARA (variance) statistical function analyzed numerical spread combinations from collected data, thus providing quantitative analysis.

Results: Participants confirmed they had not completed a similar survey on …

Mcnair Challenger, October 2020, Mcnair Scholars Program

EMU McNair Challenger

No abstract provided.

Access To Justice In Canada: The Unrepresented Accused And The Role Of The Trial Judge, Wayne K. Gorman

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

In Reference to the Court of Appeal of Quebec pertaining to the constitutional validity of the provisions of article 35 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 2019 QCCA 1492, the Quebec Court of Appeal recently indicated that “[a]ccess to justice is still one of the major challenges the Canadian judicial system faces” (at paragraph 185). Similarly, at the Official Opening of the Courts of Ontario for 2019-2020 Session, the Chief Justice of Ontario noted that “[o]n a daily basis throughout this province, judges discharge their obligation to assist unrepresented litigants. There are legal and practical limits on their ability …

Dalliances, Defenses, And Due Process: Prosecuting Sexual Harassment In The Me Too Era, Kenneth Lasson

All Faculty Scholarship

While the heightened awareness of sexual predation in the workplace is, in many ways, a welcome development, the new norms currently being promulgated and implemented have already fallen prey to the law of unintended consequences, not to mention the limitations of law itself. Perhaps the most remarkable result of the plethora of prosecutions—especially those taking place on American campuses— is that, despite widespread recognition of their lack of rudimentary due process, so little has been done to correct the failures. Just as cultural attitudes have changed toward politics, entertainment, and literature, so too have perspectives on relationships in corporate boardrooms, …

Five Privacy Principles (From The Gdpr) The United States Should Adopt To Advance Economic Justice, Michele E. Gilman

All Faculty Scholarship

Algorithmic profiling technologies are impeding the economic security of low-income people in the United States. Based on their digital profiles, low- income people are targeted for predatory marketing campaigns and financial products. At the same time, algorithmic decision-making can result in their exclusion from mainstream employment, housing, financial, health care, and educational opportunities. Government agencies are turning to algorithms to apportion social services, yet these algorithms lack transparency, leaving thousands of people adrift without state support and not knowing why. Marginalized communities are also subject to disproportionately high levels of surveillance, including facial recognition technology and the use of predictive …

Reducing Bias For Judges. Review Of Enhancing Justice: Reducing Bias, By Sarah E. Redfield (Ed.), Victoria A. Knoche

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

The book Enhancing Justice: Reducing Bias focuses on bias in the justice system—particularly the concept of implicit bias and its role in decision making. Aimed primarily at judges and, to a lesser extent, other legal actors such as prosecutors and jurors, “[t]his book helps explain how so many who pride themselves on being fair can be part of a system that is so widely seen as unfair by those who have historically been the victims of bias and prejudice, as well as by others” (p. viii). In this review, I reflect on the degree to which this goal is achieved …

Court Review: Journal Of The American Judges Association, Vol. 56, No. 3-4

Court Review: Journal of the American Judges Association

Court Review, the quarterly journal of the American Judges Association, invites the submission of unsolicited, original articles, essays, and book reviews. Court Review seeks to provide practical, useful information to the working judges of the United States and Canada. In each issue, we hope to provide information that will be of use to judges in their everyday work, whether in highlighting new procedures or methods of trial, court, or case management, providing substantive information regarding an area of law likely to be encountered by many judges, or by providing background information (such as psychology or other social science research) …

College Choice And African American Males: A Case Study Exploring The Intersection Of Family, School, And Society On The College Choice Decision-Making Process, W. Samino Scott Ii

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that influence the college choice decisions of African American male first-generation college students. This study employed a strength-based approach, instead of the more traditional narrative centered around values, cultural norms, and deficits. This research study utilized a single-case study design and a qualitative research methodology. The study examined the college choice influences experienced by five African American males attending a mid-sized college in the Midwest to develop a more nuanced understanding of the strengths they exhibited that allow them to successfully navigate impoverished conditions at home, in the neighborhood, and …

Brave New Worlds: Transcending The Humanities/Stem Divide Through Creative Writing, Adam Watkins, Zahra Tehrani

Honors in Practice Online Archive

Creative writing offers a critical and innovative form of inquiry promoting integrative learning that transcends disciplinary barriers. Authors first provide an overview of the scholarship on creative writing pedagogy, its unique capacity to engage a range of knowledge domains, and its significance for honors education. They then offer primary examples of incorporating creative writing projects into two honors classes that bridge STEM fields and the humanities. Analyses of student reflections (n = 35) in relation to learning outcomes strongly suggest that creative writing helps students explore course concepts through several ways of knowing—critical, situational, and affective—while fostering new perspectives on …

Beyond Unreasonable, John Inazu

Nebraska Law Review

The concept of “reasonableness” permeates the law: the “reasonable person” determines the outcome of torts and contracts disputes, the criminal burden of proof requires factfinders to reach conclusions “beyond a reasonable doubt,” and claims of self-defense succeed or fail on reasonableness determinations. But as any first-year law student can attest, the line between reasonable and unreasonable is not always clear. Nor is that the only ambiguity. In the realm of the unreasonable, many of us intuit that some actions are not only unreasonable but beyond the pale—we might say they are beyond unreasonable. Playing football, summiting Nanga Parbat, and attempting …