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The Immigration Court System: Unconstitutionality At The Hands Of The Executive To Push Nativism, Chloe Wigul

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

The United States’ immigration court system is located within the U.S. Department of Justice’s Executive Office for Immigration Review and operated under the power of the attorney general. Consequently, the attorney general can review and overrule decisions made by the Board of Immigration Appeals, the immigration appellate body. If the attorney general uses this authority, his decision cannot be reconsidered, and his opinion becomes precedent. Immigration courts are unique in that no other court system is located within or controlled by the executive branch. Focusing on key historical eras, this Comment compares the development of immigration law and policy with …

Community Supervision: Perspectives Of Probation And Parole Officers And Supervisors On Key Supervision Approaches And Policy Changes, Asianna Nelson

Dissertations and Theses

This study explores the differences across community supervision approaches in Oregon and how the implementation of state policies has influenced this field. Therefore, this study seeks to answer the following research questions: 1) How do POs and supervisors define their approach to community supervision? 2) How have POs and supervisors experienced shifts in state policy? Fourteen line staff and supervisors from seven Oregon probation and parole agencies were interviewed to answer these research questions. The findings suggest that most agencies are using evidence-based practices and implementing state policies. However, variation exists across the represented agencies in the experiences and perceptions …

2023-July-18-Etsu Chief Of Police Recognized Nationally, University Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University

ETSU News

(July 18, 2023) – At a conference in Las Vegas this month, East Tennessee State University’s Chief of Police and Director of Public Safety Cesar Gracia earned a special recognition as a finalist for Campus Safety Director of the Year, hosted by Campus Safety Magazine.  

It’s a prestigious, national honor.

But Gracia doesn’t want the credit.  

“Our officers work 12-hour shifts and not only respond to calls of service, but they also provide foot patrols and engage our campus community in an effort to maintain a safe living and learning environment,” he said. “Our dispatchers are also dedicated to our …

Dehumanization And Medical Abuse: Understanding Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy And Physician Liability, Michelle Deutsch

Senior Honors Theses

Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSBP), according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, is a relatively rare psychiatric disorder and form of child abuse wherein a caretaker will either purposefully induce real symptoms to make their child appear gravely sick or fabricate false medical symptoms, even in the absence of external rewards. It remains difficult to diagnose perpetrators of MSBP because the caretaker’s extreme concern for their child’s supposed ailments is rationalized as caring and devoted. However, the victim may suffer grievous physical and psychological damage, including death. Thus, it is pivotal that medical professionals and forensic evaluators …

Obstacles To Federal Policy Adoption: The Case Of Special Domestic Violence Criminal Jurisdictions In Native American Tribal Nations, Kaitlin N. Sidorsky, Wendy J. Schiller

Political Science

A core tenet of representation is that individuals should expect government to actively protect their human security. In the issue area of domestic violence in the United States, government largely fails to do this for women, who comprise three-quarters of all victims of domestic violence. Nowhere is this more apparent than for Native American women living on tribal lands. In terms of lifetime physical violence, nearly 52% of Native American women will be physically abused compared to 30.5% of white women, 41.2% of African American women, and 29.7% of Hispanic women (Crepelle 2020; Institute for Women’s Policy Research 2023). One …

Mistreatment Regarding African American Mental Health, Ella Hutchins

The Mall

No abstract provided.

The European Union’S Post Brexit Agenda And Priority In Defense-Security Sectors, Bayu Wicaksono, Henny Saptatia Drajati Nugrahani

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

ABSTRACT

This research aims to explore the European Union’s agenda and priority in defence and security sectors in post Brexit era. This study is analyzed based on two research questions are: first, what are the impacts of Brexit on the European Union (EU) defense-security sectors, and the second is, what are the EU’s agenda and priority in defense-security sectors in the Post-Brexit era. The method of this research is descriptive qualitative. The analyses of the study is using Barry Buzan and Ole Waever's Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT). The findings of this study are: first, as the impact of Brexit, …

Police Officers’ Perceptions Of Gunshot Detection Technology, Courtney L. Weber

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Prior research has shown that police officers’ perceptions has an influence on technological advancement implementation into an agency. Prior gunshot detection technology (GST) research has looked at how effective the technology is at decreasing response times, bringing gunfire to the attention of police, and tracking gun crime trends in the jurisdiction. However, it remains unknown whether police officers support the use of GST technology, and whether they feel that there is sufficient training and support available to them to utilize GST effectively. Therefore, this thesis aims to address several central questions regarding police officers’ perceptions of GST, their support for …

Managing Student Behavior: Occupational And Discrimination-Related Stress As Moderated By Coping Resources, Madeline S. Blocker

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Student behavior management is a critical component of efficacious teaching and a leading contributor to teachers’ stress. Prior research has shown that teachers experiencing greater levels of workplace stress may utilize more punitive and exclusionary disciplinary techniques. However, these strategies often do not effectively manage student problem behavior and are associated with adverse student outcomes. In contrast, positive behavior management techniques have shown efficacy in managing student behavior while promoting students’ success and wellbeing. This study explored the relationship between teachers’ perceptions of workplace stress (i.e., work-related and discrimination-related) and their use of positive or punitive behavior management techniques. Additionally, …

Teaching Critical Reflection In Occupational Therapy: A Quantitative Pre/Post Evaluation Of Student Learning, Morgan Nelson, Lisa Jaegers, Quinn P. Tyminski, Niki Kiepek, Crystal Dieleman

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

This study was designed to answer the question, “Does student recognition of the assumptions underlying occupational therapy practice increase after participation in guided exercises of critical reflection?” The project is grounded in critical occupational therapy (as first named by Whiteford and Townsend) to promote students to reflect actively on dominant disciplinary ideologies and self-reflect on how one’s social positionality impacts understandings of occupational participation. The concept of non-sanctioned occupations was drawn on as a means to facilitate changes in student recognition. A one group, quantitative pre/post design with six open-ended responses was undertaken with master’s-level students (N = 53) at …

Menstrual Inequality In Women's Correctional Facilities, Tara Lee Sexton

Online Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this analysis is to examine how those who menstruate while incarcerated experience menstrual inequality within correctional settings. This research focuses on vulnerable populations of menstruators most likely to experience menstrual inequality and the underlying causes of this systematic inequality within the prison industrial complex in the United States. The content of this work will focus on how menstruating bodies face stigma, discrimination, and punitive treatment within correctional institutions throughout the United States. Based on the lack of access to feminine hygiene products and adequate restroom facilities within correctional institutions, menstruators face potential issues of privacy, concealment, and …

Technology Driven Racial Reconciliation: A Practical Guide For The Use Of Technology In Truth Commissions, Oladeji Tiamiyu, Amy J. Schmitz, Colin Rule

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

Truth and Reconciliation Commissions have played a valuable role internationally in providing an outlet for meaningful dialogue concerning systemic factors contributing to regional instability. At the same time, technology has become an important vehicle for dialogue. This article therefore introduces considerations about how technology can be used to expand dialogue and strengthen the objectives of American truth commissions addressing racial inequities. As a larger segment of the population shows increasing preference for technology-based systems, this article emphasizes that technology can and should complement, rather than supplant, in-person engagements to respond to differing stakeholder preferences for online and in-person interactions. In …

American Exceptionalism As/In Constitutional Interpretation, Lucy Williams

Georgia Law Review

American exceptionalism—the idea that America is superior, chosen, and tasked with a unique mission—is a foundational part of America’s political culture. Its themes regularly appear in political speeches, at campaign rallies, and at national celebrations. But exceptionalism also appears frequently in another, less obvious place: Supreme Court opinions. Scholars and pundits routinely scour these opinions to identify the jurisprudential theories and political leanings that drive case outcomes. But as yet, legal scholars have paid little attention to the exceptionalist themes in the Court’s case law. Some legal scholars study the ways American constitutional law is distinctive, or exceptional, when compared …

Absolute Official Immunity In Constitutional Litigation, Michael L. Wells

Georgia Law Review

Absolute official immunity blocks recovery of damages for constitutional violations committed by legislators, judges, prosecutors, and witnesses, no matter how egregious the violation. Under the Supreme Court’s “functional approach,” application of the doctrine does not turn on the officer’s title, but on function. Social workers, parole boards and others enjoy official immunity when they engage in legislative, adjudicative, or prosecutorial functions. The policy underlying absolute immunity is that constitutional litigation will produce unacceptable social costs, mainly by discouraging officials from acting boldly and effectively in the public interest. This Article criticizes the Court’s exclusive focus on function. While it may …

Combatting The Impact Of Trauma And Occupational Burnout Among Correctional Officers: The Role Of Coping Mechanisms And Psychopathic Personality Traits, Sarah M. Pringer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

An estimated 2.3 million people are currently incarcerated in the United States (Sawyer and Wagner, 2020). As a result, mass incarceration has created job opportunities managing and overseeing facilities that house justice involved individuals. Given the high prevalence of aggressive and violent behavior, exposure to trauma is inevitable in correctional settings. In addition to traumatic exposure and response symptoms, correctional security staff report experiencing job-related burnout at high rates, resulting in quick turnover. After surveying a sample of 288 correctional staff from two state departments of correction, the current study used a moderated mediation path analysis to examine the role …

On The Right Track: An Analysis Of Efforts Aimed At Mitigating Juvenile Crime And Recidivism, Aimee Truscott

Silicon Valley Sociological Review

This article investigates the current options, as well as potential avenues, for mitigating both juvenile crime and recidivism. Focusing primarily on the efforts within Santa Clara County, I examine the implementation of alternative services for youth in at-risk communities. By emphasizing the importance of alleviating youth crime and recidivism, both in the immediate community and beyond, this article works to identify the steps necessary for change.

Board Of Directors Meeting Minutes (July 10, 2023), Dmacc

Board of Directors Meeting Minutes

This file contains the minutes from the Des Moines Area Community College Board meeting held on July 10, 2023.

Oversight Of Police Intelligence: A Complex Web, But Is It Enough?, Lyria Bennett Moses

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

This article analyzes the jurisdiction, function, powers, and expertise of oversight mechanisms with reference to capacity to oversee the legality of emerging police intelligence practices such as facial recognition, social media analytics, and predictive policing. It argues that oversight of such practices raises distinct issues ranging from the general oversight of policing, given the secrecy associated with police intelligence generally, to the use of complex software in particular. It combines doctrinal analysis with analysis of interviews with policing intelligence analysts, intelligence managers, lawyers, and IT professionals in three jurisdictions: Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. It brings together the roles of …

Revisiting The Defence Of Diminished Responsibility, Andrew Botterell

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

My goal in this article is to revisit the defence of diminished responsibility. There are three things that, taken together, suggest to me that a defence of diminished responsibility ought to be made available to certain individuals accused of certain criminal offences. The first is that Canadian criminal law already recognizes a number of defences that reflect ideas about diminished responsibility. The second is that despite the availability of these specific defences to criminal liability, no general defence of diminished responsibility is formally recognized in Canadian criminal law. And the third is that given the Supreme Court of Canada’s ongoing …

Unmasking Structural Racism In U.S. Medical Education: Advancing Equity For Underrepresented Medical Students, Daryl O. Traylor, Eboni E. Anderson, Destiney Kirby, Asia Nichole Hodges, Brianna Clark, Stephen Sinatra Jr.

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

The COVID pandemic cast a harsh light on the structural and systemic health inequalities that exist in American society and in U.S. medical education. Black and Brown communities were disproportionately affected, and the pandemic highlighted the need for a diverse physician and healthcare workforce. Both the lack of equitable, high-quality healthcare in underrepresented communities and the obstacles that students who are underrepresented in medicine (URiM) experience in medical school are direct consequences of the structural racism that flourishes in U.S. medical schools and healthcare institutions. In this article, we explain structural racism and how it has manifested itself in medical …

Digitally Rethinking Hunter V Southam, Lisa M. Austin, Andrea Slane

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

Lawful access—the legal regime that authorizes various methods used by law enforcement to intercept, search, or seize information for investigatory purposes—has been subject to much debate in Canada. However, those debates need a new solution space for the digital age. This must be able to incorporate new technological solutions for minimizing rights infringements and provide new forms of accountability and safeguards against misuse. This is not simply a matter of adopting the popular framework of “privacy by design,” or even a reworked “lawful access by design.” We argue that an appreciation of the challenges of the digital world requires us …

Textbook Resistance: Texas’ Ban On Critical Race Theory Fails The Education Standards Mandated By International Law, Noah C. Nix

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Offense Type, Race, And Disclosure On Perceptions Of Employability: Can Bias Towards Hiring A Person With A Criminal History Be Mitigated?, Rheanna Lee Standridge

Dissertations

Individuals with a prior criminal history experience many barriers in the reintegration process, including their ability to gain stable employment. Finding employment for this population is especially important in reducing potential of recidivism. However, research has demonstrated that returning residents experience negative attitudes from employers which are exacerbated by pre-existing stereotypes. Because returning residents are often stereotyped, research suggests that the fear of finding employment is confounded by how they disclose their criminal history to hiring managers. Further, previous research suggests that hiring decisions are impacted by not only offender status, but also by their offense type and race. Although …

The Pathway Forward: Uncovering The Barriers Faced By Women Police Chiefs, Michael Llamas, Amor Roma, Tianshi Hao, Wendy Perkinson, Kayleigh Axtell, Anshu Lal, Jesse Llamas

The Scholarship Without Borders Journal

Women have encountered many obstacles in their quest to gain leadership in law enforcement. While research has studied how well women officers strive to achieve higher-level positions within police departments, the challenges women face when they gain top leadership roles remain largely unexplored. This research paper will discuss the unique challenges faced by women police chiefs, drawing from first-hand experiences of women police chiefs and existing literature. The study finds that women police chiefs encounter challenges in communication, transferring to a new department, overtasking, introvertedness, and general police chief stress. The study also finds that women police chiefs implement ways …

An Analysis Of The Rising Xenophobia Against Asian Americans In The U.S. And Higher Education Regarding The Effects Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Shiqian Zheng

The Scholarship Without Borders Journal

This paper analyzes the cause of anti-Asian hate, the rising xenophobia against people with Asian origins, as well as the vaccine distribution and governmental leadership. By conducting a short case study on universities’ leadership during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States, this paper contributes to the literature regarding Asian Americans overall, as well as to the literature on approaches to a public crisis on hate crime in higher education in the United States.

The Historical Evolution Of State Capacity And Its Effect On Democratization: A Case Study Of Egypt, Ashley Elizabeth Johnson

Theses and Dissertations

Why are some states able to democratize while others are not? This thesis examines the connection between state capacity and democratization utilizing a case study of Egypt and a controlled comparison with Tunisia. Via process tracing, I determine that Egypt has a deeply institutionalized, strong coercive state capacity and a weak administrative capacity. These iterations of state capacity developed during Egyptian state formation from 1805-1840 and were further institutionalized at two critical junctures: early British occupation from 1883-1907, and Nasser’s presidency from 1952-1967. Path dependency makes successful democratization unlikely because of the significant legacy left in Egypt during these critical …

Unveiling Ai Aversion: Understanding Antecedents And Task Complexity Effects, Md Jabir Rahman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has generated significant interest due to its potential to augment human intelligence. However, user attitudes towards AI are diverse, with some individuals embracing it enthusiastically while others harbor concerns and actively avoid its use. This two essays' dissertation explores the reasons behind user aversion to AI. In the first essay, I develop a concise research model to explain users' AI aversion based on the theory of effective use and the adaptive structuration theory. I then employ an online experiment to test my hypotheses empirically. The multigroup analysis by Structural Equation Modeling shows that users' perceptions of human …

Interpreting “Knowingly” To Establish Criminal Liability In Environmental Law: A Modified Public Welfare Approach, Jesse Harte Edelman

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

Now, more than ever, environmental disasters occur on an unprecedented scale. The main objective of environmental law is to protect the environment and human health from harm. In recognition of the role that businesses and corporations play in causing such harm, many environmental laws have been amended to criminalize their harmful conduct.

Focusing on the criminal provisions in the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act that target offenders who engage in conduct “knowingly,” this Note addresses the split regarding the intent required for a criminal conviction, and the resultant weight accorded these statutes. Courts …

California’S Failure To Protect Families: Statutory Reform To Better Serve Families Experiencing Domestic Violence, Cecilia Bobbitt

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

Los Angeles County is home to the largest child dependency system in the world. A significant portion of the families involved in this system have experienced domestic violence. Because the system is ineffective in responding to domestic violence, families experiencing domestic violence are especially vulnerable to the harms of the family regulation system. The harm that results is the separation of families, leading to irreparable harm and trauma which hurts, rather than helps, families.

This Article’s findings are based on qualitative legal and social science research, including deidentified data from a 2021 UCLA Pritzker Center for Strengthening Families study regarding …

An Overview On The Validation Of The Critical Race Theory Measurement, Erica Campbell

Journal of Research Initiatives

The Critical Race Theory Measurement (CRTM) was developed to evaluate the understanding of the six major principles of CRT and the significance of race relating to the preparation of practitioners providing services to people of color. The objective of this study was to evaluate the scale's psychometric properties. The CRTM self-assessment instrument measures the six Critical Race Theory principles. It consists of 19 items assessing endemic racism, the social construction of race, differential racialization, convergence/determinism, racial narratives, and intersectionality. The validation of the CRTM was based on its administration to 175 social work and counseling practitioners. This paper discusses the …