Digital Commons Network^™

Crawford And The Common Law Criminal Trial, Robert K. Kry

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Three weeks after the Supreme Court decided Crawford v. Washington, Justice Scalia delivered the keynote address at the annual meeting of the American Society of International Law. Justice Scalia expounded on his views of when United States courts should and should not rely on foreign law. He urged that courts interpreting a treaty should look to how foreign courts construe the same instrument, on the reasonable assumption that treaty partners would want to strive for a consistent interpretation. By contrast, he took a dim view of relying on modern foreign law to interpret the U.S. Constitution, as the Court …

Crawford And Criminal Justice, William Ortman

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This essay reflects on whether Crawford v. Washington, now in its third decade of life, matters to criminal justice. For all the talk of Crawford as “revolutionary,” that is, has it made any real difference to the world of crime and punishment? I’ve confronted the question before. In a 2021 essay, I argued that Crawford probably has modest real-world effects. Crawford articulated a right that criminal defendants can exercise only at trial. In an adjudicatory system bereft of trials, trial rights don’t count for much. They impact plea outcomes only when they confer bargaining power sufficient to offset prosecutors’ …

Biological Puppets: The Neuroscience Of Free Will And Determinism, Kate Martin

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Black And Blue All Over: Whose Lives Matter?, Bella Purvis

Honors Theses

This study investigated the influence of beliefs about race on support for the Black Lives Matter (BLM) and Blue Lives Matter (BluLM) movements, mediated by attitudes towards police and beliefs about white privilege. Utilizing a sample of undergraduate university students, data were obtained through a survey measuring beliefs in the biological and social constructs of race, support for police, belief in white privilege, and attitudes toward BLM and BluLM. Results indicated that individuals who perceive race as a biological construct are less likely to support BLM and more likely to support BluLM, while beliefs in white privilege and attitudes towards …

(Re)Constructing Race: How Essentialist Beliefs Shape Social Justice Support, Abbey Alvarado

Honors Theses

The political climate and social discourse around social justice has grown increasingly tense and hostile in recent years. The current study investigated potential predictors of the opposition to support for racial equity and social justice reforms. Research illustrates that a biological conceptualization of race (“essentialism”) has powerful implications on information processing and social-psychological outcomes regarding issues of race and racism. In the current study, we conducted a survey of 164 University of Richmond undergraduate students. The survey examined the interplay of essentialism and beliefs about systemic racism and white privilege on social justice support. The results showed that essentialist beliefs …

Annual Report 2023-2024, Tennessee. Bureau Of Investigation

Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Annual Report 2023-2024, Tennessee. Bureau Of Investigation

Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Annual Report 2024, Tennessee. Department Of Human Services.

Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Health Care For People Who Are Incarcerated: Teaching Third-Year Medical Students About Rights, Challenges, And Avenues Of Advocacy, Anna-Maria South, Kelsey N. Karnik, Sara Hieneman, Anthony A. Mangino, Michelle R. Lofwall

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

Introduction: Incarcerated patients are a vulnerable patient population with unique barriers to health care that physicians in every specialty encounter. Current medical school curricula lack universal education on health care for incarcerated people.

Methods: We developed an interactive workshop to provide third-year medical students at the University of Kentucky with information about delivering care outside of dedicated carceral settings to individuals who are incarcerated. The workshop included education on the demographic characteristics and medical conditions present in these populations along with understanding incarcerated persons’ rights to health care and how to interact with them and the associated jail/prison workforce often …

Adjusting The Focus: Addressing Privacy Concerns Raised By Police Body-Camera Footage, Dalton Primeaux

City University of New York Law Review

Many public safety advocates have called for the use of police body cameras to document the interactions between officers and the public. In light of the documented incidents of police violence and misconduct, some advocates and policy experts have urged law enforcement to use body cameras to discourage future wrongdoing and create a record of when such incidents do happen. In some states, body camera footage is considered public record and can be obtained upon request. Most policies concerning requests for the release of body camera footage require the chief of police to grant permission for sharing the video with …

Traffic Management Geocast Study With Connected Vehicles On Indiana Highways, Zhitong He, Abin Mathew, Abhijeet Ingale, Jue Zhou, Feng Li, Yaobin Chen

JTRP Technical Reports

Vehicular communication allows vehicles to interact with road users, roadside infrastructure, and cloud-connected devices.It holds a crucial position in modern transportation systems, impacting both fundamental and advanced aspects and enhancing traffic safety and efficiency. C-V2X is a wireless communication technology that uses cellular networks to enable communication between vehicles and infrastructure. C-V2X can be used for applications such as collision avoidance, traffic management, and remote vehicle diagnostics. This project conducted a feasibility study on the current position of C-V2X in the industry and developed a prototype, RampCast, to fundamentally understand the current C-V2X implementations as part of the 3GPP Release …

Impacts Of Autonomous Truck-Mounted Attenuator (Atma) On Indot Work Zone Safety, Mobility, And Worker Productivity, Chi Tian, Yiheng Feng, Yunfeng Chen, Jiansong Zhang

JTRP Technical Reports

Work zone safety has been a major concern for many stakeholders including the state Departments of Transportation (DOTs). To prevent DOT workers, especially truck mounted attenuator (TMA) drivers from injuries, the Autonomous Truck Mounted Attenuator (ATMA) technology is developed. To understand the current testing and deployment status of ATMA, we began with interviews with project managers and researchers in four state DOTs who have experience with the ATMA system. Then, we systematically reviewed, tested, and evaluated the ATMA system in both simulation and real-world environments under various operating scenarios, traffic conditions, and mobile work zone operations. Furthermore, Indiana Department of …

A Decade Of Impunity: Finding Justice For The Yazidi Women Victims Of The Islamic State, Leah Calabro

Fordham International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Pride And Prejudice Program

Theatre and Performance Studies Programs

Department of Theatre and Performance Studies

Pride and Prejudice

Adapted by Kate Hamill

Based on the novel by Jane Austen

Directed by Marlon Burnley

Becoming Transfer Friendly: Evaluating Four-Year Higher Education Institution Strategies To Support Community College Transfer Student Success, Aarti V. Dhupelia

Dissertations

Four-year higher education institutions (HEIs) nationwide must become more transfer friendly so that more community college transfer (CCT) students persist and complete their bachelor’s degrees, as a path to more students’ economic mobility and to equity across communities. This study aims to provide learnings to support achievement of this imperative. The research question studied here is: What is the relationship between community college transfer (CCT) student support strategies at a four-year higher education institution (HEI) and the first-to-second-year retention of CCT students at their four-year HEI? Through quantitative analysis of a broad set of variables’ ability to predict student retention …

State Of Utah, Plaintiff/Appellee, V. Jared Lynn Talbert, Defendant/Appellant.: Brief Of Appellant

Utah Appeals Court Briefs

Appeal from two counts of object rape, first -degree felonies; two counts of forcible sodomy, first-degree felonies; and two counts of forcible sexual abuse, second-degree felonies, in the Fourth Judicial District, Utah County, the Honorable Kraig Powell presiding

State Of Utah, Plaintiff / Appellee, V. Tianikumi Finau Defendant / Appellant.: Appellant’S Opening Brief

Utah Appeals Court Briefs

Appeal from convictions for three counts of forcible sexual abuse and one count of tampering with a witness, all second- degree felonies, in the Third Judicial District, Salt Lake County, the Honorable James Gardner presiding

Private Security And Public Police, Ben Grunwald, John Rappaport, Michael Berg

Coase-Sandor Institute for Law & Economics Research Paper Series

Private security officers outnumber police by a wide margin, and the gap may be growing. As cities have claimed to defund the police, many have quietly expanded their use of private security, reallocating spending from the public to the private sector. It is difficult to know what to make of these trends, largely because we know so little about what private security looks like on the ground. On one prevalent view of the facts, a shift from public to private security would mean little more than a change of uniform, as the two labor markets are deeply intertwined. Indeed, academics, …

Trade Secrecy's Information Paradox, Christopher Buccafusco, Jonathan S. Masur, Deepa Varadarajan

Coase-Sandor Institute for Law & Economics Research Paper Series

Trade secret law is meant to encourage socially beneficial behaviors by permitting firms to protect their investments in the creation of valuable information. In theory, the ability to protect valuable information will make firms more likely to create that information in the first instance. But the law can also be used to shield socially harmful behaviors from public oversight. Firms can assert trade secret protection to prevent journalists, watchdogs, and criminal defendants from learning whether they are engaged in dangerous, wrongful, or biased activity. Ideally, trade secret law should sort socially beneficial uses from socially harmful ones, permitting only the …

Public Accommodations Parlance, Grace Vedock

Michigan Law Review

Anxieties linger in the interstices of public accommodations law. 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis is the latest in a string of First Amendment cases that call into question the common law duties underpinning public accommodations doctrine. Many commentators have speculated about the decision’s immediate implications. But criticism of the decision is incomplete. This Note takes 303 Creative as a welcome opportunity to reevaluate basic assumptions about how property law operates in relation to constitutional norms. Beginning with the provocative assertion that no legal axiom is infallible, this Note examines permutations of public accommodations and First Amendment law as rhetorical threads …

Moving Forward Together: Asian Americans And Allyship In A Non-Black-And-White America, Harvey Gee

University of San Francisco Law Review

No abstract provided.

Trading Your Child’S Privacy Rights For Views And Sponsorships, Angel Guarneros

Mitchell Hamline Law Journal of Public Policy and Practice

No abstract provided.

Can Policing Be Purged Of White Supremacy? A First Amendment Inquiry, Jessica Tilton

Mitchell Hamline Law Journal of Public Policy and Practice

No abstract provided.

Failing To Close Pandora's Box: Why Motions To Suppress Are Inadequate As A Remedy For False Confessions, Christina G. Leung

University of San Francisco Law Review

No abstract provided.

Juvenile Coping And General Strain Theory, Peyton Conner Stephenson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to quantitatively assess the impact of victimization on behavioral and emotional outcomes among a sample of adolescents detained within the juvenile justice system. Specifically, the study focuses on understanding the relationship between reports of victimization (e.g., being beaten up or threatened) and maladaptive coping mechanisms, such as involvement in fighting. To do so, Agnew’s (1992) General Strain Theory (GST) and the Pains of Imprisonment are adopted as frameworks for understanding the role of strain or stressors in prompting deviant behavior as a coping mechanism. This study uses secondary data from the Northwestern Juvenile Project …

How The Police Released Body-Worn Camera Footage Matters, Angelo Kevin Brown

Faculty Publications

Body-worn cameras (BWC) policies can have a significant impact on police-community relations in various ways, which this chapter will examine. BWCs have been implemented internationally, especially in the developed world. This chapter will primarily focus on law enforcement policies within the United States of America (USA). BWCs have become very common among law enforcement officers, including police officers, sheriff deputies, state patrol, and federal agents. No national law forces law enforcement to wear BWCs. Since no national policy outlines when footage can or cannot be released to the public, which leaves states and municipalities to deal with the legality and …

Grasping The Third Rail: Restorative Justice And Violent Crime, Olwyn Conway

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Restorative justice is a means of responding to harm— including criminal offenses—through active accountability and repair, rather than through passive punishment and isolation. While restorative justice has demonstrated potential to meaningfully improve processes and outcomes for individuals and communities, the implementation of restorative justice programs to address crime—both within and alongside the American criminal system—has been slow, limited, and misplaced. Programs are often directed at low-level, nonviolent offenses that involve little if any cognizable harm. This approach creates two problems. One, it risks net-widening: bringing more citizens under criminal surveillance and carceral control for minor offenses—further diluting the constitutional and …

The Trafficking Victims Protection Act: A Path To End Forced Prison Labor?, Eric Spiniello

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

แนวทางการป้องกันการกระทำผิดเกี่ยวกับหนังสือเดินทางในประเทศไทย, อัจราภา ถนัดเดินข่าว

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วิทยานิพนธ์เรื่องแนวทางการป้องกันการกระทำผิดเกี่ยวกับหนังสือเดินทาง ในประเทศไทย มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาสถานการณ์การกระทำผิดเกี่ยวกับหนังสือเดินทาง ในประเทศไทย พร้อมทั้งวิเคราะห์สภาพปัญหาด้านการป้องกันการกระทำผิดเกี่ยวกับ หนังสือเดินทาง เพื่อนำไปสู่แนวทางการป้องกันการกระทำผิดเกี่ยวกับหนังสือเดินทาง ในประเทศไทย โดยเป็นการศึกษาเชิงคุณภาพด้วยการวิจัยเอกสารและการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกจาก ผู้ให้ข้อมูลสำคัญ ประกอบด้วย เจ้าหน้าที่ตำรวจตรวจคนเข้าเมือง ระดับบริหารและ ระดับปฏิบัติการ จำนวนทั้งสิ้น 23 ท่าน ผลการศึกษาพบว่า สถานการณ์การกระทำผิดเกี่ยวกับหนังสือเดินทาง ในประเทศไทยที่สำคัญ ได้แก่ 1) รูปแบบการกระทำผิดเกี่ยวกับหนังสือเดินทางที่พบได้ทั่วไป 2) การกระทำผิดของแรงงาน 4 สัญชาติ 3) การใช้หนังสือเดินทางไทยโดยมิชอบ 4) การใช้ประเทศไทยเป็นทางผ่านในการกระทำผิดเกี่ยวกับหนังสือเดินทาง 5) ผลกระทบของการกระทำผิดต่อประเทศไทย และ 6) แนวโน้มการกระทำผิดและพฤติกรรมปกปิดตัวตนในประเทศไทย และเมื่อวิเคราะห์สภาพปัญหาด้านการป้องกันการกระทำผิดเกี่ยวกับหนังสือเดินทางในประเทศไทย พบสภาพปัญหา 7 ด้าน ได้แก่ 1) มุมมองของรัฐ 2) กฎหมาย 3) การบังคับใช้กฎหมาย 4) งบประมาณ 5) เทคโนโลยี 6) ความร่วมมือระหว่างประเทศ และ 7) บุคลากร ซึ่งภาพสะท้อนเหล่านี้นำไปสู่แนวทางการป้องกันการกระทำผิดเกี่ยวกับหนังสือเดินทางในประเทศไทย โดยผู้วิจัยเสนอให้สำนักงานตรวจคนเข้าเมืองจัดให้มีการฝึกอบรมแก่บุคลากร จัดตั้งศูนย์ข้อมูลหนังสือเดินทางอย่างเป็นทางการเพื่อสนับสนุนการทำงานแก่เจ้าหน้าที่ โดยเจ้าหน้าที่จะต้องมีความตระหนักในบทบาทหน้าที่ของตนอยู่เสมอ อีกทั้งการพัฒนาเทคโนโลยีด้านความปลอดภัย ที่เกี่ยวกับหนังสือเดินทางและงานตรวจคนเข้าเมืองจะช่วยเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพด้านความมั่นคง มากขึ้น รวมถึงการขยายผลการจับกุมที่จะช่วยป้องกันการกระทำความผิดซ้ำต่อไป

The Invisible Load Of Motherhood: Exploring Parental Stress Differences Among Caucasian And African American Mothers, Angena Mombrun

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Parental stress can be defined as the perceptions and feelings that are experienced in a parental role because the demands that are related to the role are unable to be fulfilled with the resources that are available (Abidin, 1992). Research suggests that African American women may experience more parental stress than their Caucasian counterparts due to various factors (Coll & Pachter, 2002). However, there is not sufficient evidence to support this notion as the majority of research available on parenting stress is comprised of middle-class Caucasian women (Coll & Pachter, 2002; Nomaguchi & House, 2013). The purpose of this study …