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Ud In The News June 5-11, University Of Dayton

News Releases

The Conversation, Law.com, National Catholic Reporter, The Columbus Dispatch and WVXU-FM, Cincinnati's NPR affiliate, are among the news outlets sharing University of Dayton expertise, research and accomplishments.

Theory Of Mind, Social Relationship Perception And Stigma Experiences In Individuals At Clinical High-Risk For Psychosis, Francesca Maria Crump

Theses and Dissertations

The clinical high-risk (CHR) state for psychosis has been established in order to prevent the transition to full psychosis; however, demonstrates a high false positive rate (Fusar-Poli et al., 2012). Consequently, many CHR individuals may face increased labeling and symptom-related stigmatization through accessing early intervention services (Yang et al., 2015). As a result, CHR individuals may employ negative coping responses (Link et al., 1989) and exhibit increased social preoccupation in order to help conceal their mental health status (Link et al., 2015), which may hinder social cognitive ability and have lasting impacts on social functioning. This study aimed to delineate …

Editorial: Children’S Competencies Development In The Home Learning Environment, Frank Niklas, Caroline Cohrssen, Simone Lehrl, Amy R. Napoli

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

When I Was A Young Girl: Gender And Race In The Life Archives Of Criminal Transportation, Nick Townsend

University Honors Theses

In the eighteenth and nineteenth century, the carceral system in England shifted away from corporal punishment and moved towards containing and policing those deemed criminal in different ways. One notable way was transportation, the practice of moving convicts out of the imperial core into a colony. This practice became a way to remove "lesser" populations from England and regulate social behavior while also expanding the British Empire and allowed convicts a new purpose in expanding the carceral state. This developed alongside the broader trends of racialization and colonization in the British Empire, which drew a global color line separating "white" …

Indigenous Youth Storywork: A Spiritual Awakening Of A Maya Adoptee Living In Kkkanada, Ana Celeste Macleod

Maya America: Journal of Essays, Commentary, and Analysis

Indigenous adoptee scholars understand their identity through community connection, culture, education and practice. In this Storywork, through engagement with current literature and ten research questions, I explored what it meant to be an adoptee in West Coast (KKKanadian) Indigenous communities. An Indigenous Youth Storywork methodology was applied to bring meaning to relationships I have with diverse Indigenous Old Ones, mentors and Knowledge Keepers and their influence on my journey as a Maya adoptee returning to my culture. My personal story was developed and analyzed using an Indigenous decolonial framework and Indigenous Arts-based methods. The intention of this Youth Storywork research …

Catastrophic Failure: How Covid-19 Was Relayed From The Media To The Public, Samuel D. Johnson, Jr.

College of Communication Theses and Dissertations

This research utilizes content analysis and mixed methods as a way of understanding how COVID-19 related information was relayed from the media to the public during crucial times in U.S. history. The information analyzed entails news media broadcasts that occurred from June 26 to October 2, 2020, when the pandemic was on the rise in terms of cases and deaths. In addition to analyzing specific broadcasts, a comparative analysis was conducted between MSNBC vs. Fox News, in an effort to highlight key events that took place during the battle against COVID-19. This research utilizes agenda setting and framing principles to …

Communication After A Romantic Breakup, Kayleigh Jordan Mahoney

College of Communication Theses and Dissertations

Throughout a person’s life, it is likely that they will experience a romantic breakup at some point. However, post breakup experiences can differ from person to person. Many different things can impact a person’s post breakup experiences including their investment during the time of the relationship, as well as any communication that takes place after the breakup. Previous research has taken a look at post breakup experiences. However, little to no research has examined post breakup experiences while taking into consideration romantic beliefs. This study (N = 72) tested how a person’s investment during the relationship predicts post breakup distress, …

Backward Glances: The Cultural And Industrial Uses Of Nostalgia In 2010s Hollywood Cinema, Matthew Cooper

College of Communication Theses and Dissertations

Over the course of the 2010s, one identifiable trend in Hollywood cinema was the significant presence of nostalgia films. These films stage idealized recollections of the past, appealing to affective longing for its perceived comforts and stability. This thesis utilizes an interdisciplinary approach to present a historical narrative of recent Hollywood cinema and its intersection with broader American culture and society. I argue that the most recent cinematic “nostalgia wave” is attributable to the broad, epochal conditions of modernity and late modernity, specific historical events and trends of the 2010s, and Hollywood-specific technological and industrial discontinuities. In an attempt to …

(Post-) Pandemic Tourism Resiliency: Southeast Asian Lives And Livelihoods In Limbo, Kathleen M. Adams, Jaeyeon Choe, Mary Mostafanezhad, Giang Thi Phi

Anthropology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

While tourism scholars have sought to problematize the unevenly distributed impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, we know much less about how resilience is cultivated among tourism practitioners and communities whose lives and livelihoods are have been placed in limbo. Drawing on literature at the intersection of critical tourism studies and resilience theory as well as interviews with local tourism practitioners and academics, four historically situated and place-based trends in Southeast Asia that are reshaping tourism in the region are outlined: livelihood diversification, ecosystem regeneration, cultural revitalization, and domestic tourism development. These trends highlight how the political economy of tourism in …

Measuring Procedural Justice Policy Adherence During Use Of Force Events: The Body-Worn Camera As A Performance Monitoring Tool, Victoria A. Sytsma, Eric L. Piza, Vijay F. Chillar, Leigh S. Grossman

Publications and Research

This study capitalizes on a successful researcher–practitioner partnership to conduct a systematic social observation (SSO) of police body-worn camera (BWC) footage in Newark, NJ. To demonstrate the utility of BWCs as performance monitoring tools, we measure officer adherence to procedural justice standards throughout use of force events as mandated in the Newark Police Division’s updated policies pursuant to an ongoing federal consent decree. Overall, a slim majority of use of force events are procedurally just. However, results indicate several instances of policy noncompliance. Results are discussed, and policy recommendations related to procedural justice policy violations and BWCs for performance monitoring …

Effects Of Self-Concept And Use Of Information On Academic Performance Of Accounting Undergraduates In Selected Universities In South-West, Nigeria., Kehinde Omolade, Bolanle Adeleye

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study examined effects of self-concept and use of information on academic performance of accounting undergraduates in South-west, Nigeria. It was reported that students and individuals often form their self-concept from past experience of success or failure. Some academic libraries have not been adequately stocked with study facilities to improve students’ academic performance with the resultant effects of failure which invariably influence their self-concept academically. The data for the study was collected by the use of questionnaire and statistical package for social science (SPSS) to calculate the mean and standard deviation. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test stated hypotheses. …

Contributor Biographies, Editors Of Suurj

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

No abstract provided.

How The 2019 Mauna Kea Protest Movement Sparked A Hawaiian Cultural Renaissance: A Mini Ethnography., Wailana Medeiros

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

The construction of the controversial Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) on the summit of the sacred mountain Mauna Kea has been debated for several years. It has recently sparked a cultural awakening of native Hawaiians in Hawai’i through protests against the telescope. These protests took place throughout the summer of 2019, starting in July, and were attended by native Hawaiians and others standing in solidarity. What came to be known as the Mauna Kea Protest Movement took place primarily on the slopes of Mauna Kea, but in various location across the state and on social media as well. inspired a Hawaiian …

Trees Take The Streets: Urban Tree Growth And Hazard Potential., Amelia Serafin, Brooke Wynalda

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

Urban forestry is the science and technology of managing trees and forest resources in and around urban community ecosystems for the physiological, sociological, economic, and aesthetic benefits trees provide society. As urbanization rapidly increases, so does urban forestry. Although increasing the number of trees in urban environments can be beneficial to human residents, trees in urban environments can also become hazardous if improperly trimmed, located, and cared for. For example, human-induced pruning via side trimming compromises tree branch structural integrity. This study investigates whether the phenomenon of side pruning can be brought about naturally by specific combinations of tree aspect …

Captive Leaders: The Paradoxical Relationship Of Teachers' Classroom Authority And Institutional Power In The Reform Of Literacy Education1, Susan Florio-Ruane

Michigan Reading Journal

No abstract provided.

Enriching Multicultural/Multiethnic Perspectives, Toni S. Walters

Michigan Reading Journal

This selected bibliography is for professionals who are seeking information to enhance and support multicultural/multiethnic diversity initiatives. It is especially for those who read to stretch to refine their information base for making a humanistic difference in the world they live and influence. The categorical headings for the annotated listing are: identity orientations, multicultural/multiethnic orientations, historical perspectives your history classes might have omitted, diversifying literature orientations, literary analysis, language orientations, and research views on education.

Misunderstanding Informational Text In Social Studies: Is Johnny To Blame?, Jerry Gillett

Michigan Reading Journal

No abstract provided.

Reducing Prejudice Through Law: Evidence From Experimental Psychology, Roseanna Sommers, Sara Burke

Law & Economics Working Papers

Can antidiscrimination law effect changes in public attitudes toward minority groups? Could learning, for instance, that employment discrimination against people with clinical depression is illegal cause members of the public to be more accepting toward people with mental health conditions? In this Article, we report the results of a series of experiments that test the effect of inducing the belief that discrimination against a given group is legal (vs. illegal) on interpersonal attitudes toward members of that group. We find that learning that discrimination is unlawful does not simply lead people to believe that an employer is more likely to …

College Faculty In The News: June 10, 2021, University Of Dayton

College of Arts and Sciences Newsroom

News agencies across the region, the nation and throughout the world often reach out to our faculty experts for their perspectives on today's issues. This media coverage highlights the service, research and scholarship taking place in the College of Arts and Sciences. Find links to a number of recent stories below.

Strain V. Regalado: Motion For Leave To File Amicus Curiae Brief And Brief Of 21 Law Professors As Amici Curiae In Support Of Petitioner, Leah Litman

Appellate Briefs

Pursuant to Supreme Court Rule 37.2(b), amici curiae respectfully request leave to file the following brief in support of petitioner. Counsel of record for all parties received notice at least ten days prior to the due date of the amicus curiae brief. Respondents Vic Regalado and Armor Correctional Health Services, Inc. withheld consent. Petitioner consented to the filing of this brief.

Amici are legal scholars who teach and write on incarceration, criminal justice, civil rights, and constitutional law. Their interest in submitting this brief is to call attention to how the courts of appeals aligned with the court below are …

The Types And Functions Of Humor In The Work Of A United States Senator: A Case Study Of Senator Edward Kennedy, Angela Garcia

Natural & Applied Sciences Faculty Publications

This study investigates the role interactional competence plays in the performance of political roles by examining the use of humor in events such as speeches, election campaign rallies, press briefings and televised news interviews. In this case study of a prominent United States Senator (the late Senator Edward Kennedy), twenty publically available video recordings from the C-SPAN online archives are analyzed using a conversation analytic approach. Two main types of humor were found in these data, self-deprecatory humor and humor that criticizes others. Three main functions of humor were identified (subtle self-promotion, managing challenging political and interactional situations, and creating …

The Impact Of The Media Coverage Of Sexual Violence On Its Victims/Survivors, Jaidaa Taha

Theses and Dissertations

As part of their daily routine, journalists are often assigned to cover accidents or traumatic events to keep the public updated. With the high competition and the constant deadline pressure, reporters are usually pressured to talk to the subjects of these traumatic accidents too soon to publish their stories. This in turn leaves limited room for them to think about how this coverage is affecting their interviewees. This study aims to examine the impact of the media’s coverage of sexual assault on the victims/survivors of the assault themselves. Media outlets often follow stories of sexual violence, tackling a lot of …

Contemporary Challenges And Opportunities For The Management Of Bird Damage At Field Crop Establishment, Christophe Sausse, Alice Baux, Michel Bertrand, Elsa Bonnaud, Sonia Canavelli, Alexandra Destrez, Page E. Klug, Lourdes Olivera, Ethel Rodriguez, Guilllermo Tellechea, Sebastian Zuil

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Bird damage, from sowing to crop establishment, is an important issue for farmers in many parts of the world. However, reliable and cost-effective solutions remain elusive because management tools and research on the subject are limited. The spatial variability of damage across landscapes and the adaptative behaviour of birds create further challenges. Additionally, the issue must be tackled at the landscape scale and involve a variety of stakeholders with conflicting interests and objectives. We summarize some of the challenges and opportunities identified to face these difficulties and address four major research directions for operational solutions including 1) crop damage assessment, …

Aproximaciones Al Duelo Migratorio De Los Venezolanos Residentes En La Ciudad De Medellín, Colombia: Un Estudio Cualitativo, Katy L. Millán Otero Srita, Nicolasa M. Duran Palacio Dra, Liliana M. Castaño Cano Srita

The Qualitative Report

El éxodo de los migrantes venezolanos a Colombia se ha convertido un tema presente en la agenda pública nacional e internacional. Esta investigación buscó aproximarse a la experiencia de los duelos migratorios de los venezolanos, específicamente el duelo a la familia y amigos, a la lengua, la cultura, la tierra, el estatus social, el contacto con el grupo étnico y los riesgos para la integridad física. Se enmarcó en el horizonte cualitativo de investigación, bajo el método fenomenológico hermenéutico. Los hallazgos develan que los migrantes presentaban una baja vulnerabilidad al momento de migrar, que, sumado a la cercanía geográfica entre …

The Phenomenological House: A Metaphoric Framework For Descriptive Phenomenological Psychological Design And Analysis, Katheryne T. Leigh-Osroosh

The Qualitative Report

Descriptive phenomenology investigates the essence of how phenomena are consciously experienced (Giorgi, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2012; Moustakas, 1994; Vagle, 2018). Researchers wishing to conduct descriptive phenomenological studies may struggle to find answers to the complex questions that arise. Misunderstood concepts and practices may lead to philosophical conflict, ultimately threatening validity and rigor. This manuscript provides readers a metaphoric framework “the phenomenological house” to understand and analyze Giorgi’s phenomenological psychological conceptualization of essence as a universal structural description of how a phenomenon is lived. Ultimately, the phenomenological house provides a pathway for qualitative researchers to navigate descriptive phenomenology and contribute to …

Do They See A Half-Full Water Cooler? Relationships Among Group Optimism Composition, Group Performance, And Cohesion, William P. Jimenez, Xiaoxiao Hu, Chad Kenneally, Feng Wei

Psychology Faculty Publications

In the present study, relationships among group composition of trait optimism (the mean, standard deviation, and minimum and maximum scores of optimism), group cohesion, and three group performance variables (task performance, contextual performance, and creative performance) were examined. Multi-source data were collected from 56 workgroups including 202 group members and 56 group leaders. We found that the mean, maximum, and minimum operationalizations of group optimism composition were positively related to the three group performance variables and that group cohesion mediated the optimism–performance relationships for the mean and minimum operationalizations of group optimism. We recommend that practitioners generally consider selecting optimistic …

Vestiges Of Propaganda: Postage Stamps Issued By The Third Reich In Poland And The Netherlands During The Second World War, Olivia Phillips

University Honors Theses

This thesis hopes to bridge the gap between philately and history and examines how postage stamps issued by the Third Reich during the Second World War portrayed their colonial and racial policy in the Netherlands and Poland. Through my research where I examine Nazi primary source documents and rely on an expansive discourse community whose focus is communications theory, postal history, and colonial history, I focus on how these stamps were an extension of the Reich’s Ministry for Propaganda. Dutch stamps closely align with German-issued stamps from the same period, through the depiction of hypermasculine men in a rural setting …

Not Approved For Human Consumption: A Study Of The Denmark Water Crisis, A Call For Reforming The Swda, And A Demand For Community Lawyering In Rural America, Matthew Woodward

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Over the past four decades, nine million Americans have ingested dangerous drinking water from a trusted source: their own taps. Each year, “an estimated 16.4 million cases of acute gastroenteritis” are linked to public drinking water. For many Americans, drinking water—perhaps the most important cornerstone of human health—has become cause for concern.

In Flint, Michigan, this concern turned to panic. In 2014, after toddlers began developing painful skin conditions, children fell seriously ill, and tap water emerged in the form of thick, orange-brown sludge, the people of Flint began to wonder: is there something in the water? What soon became …

Resilience Justice And Community-Based Green And Blue Infrastructure, Craig Anthony Arnold, Resilience Justice Project Researchers

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

The environmental conditions of marginalized communities, particularly low-income communities of color, make those communities disproportionately more vulnerable to major disturbances and changes, such as climate change, health crises, pollution releases, disasters, economic shocks, and social and political upheaval. Many of the most important movements for justice with respect to environmental conditions, including environmental justice, disaster justice, and climate justice, are connected to broader movements for racial and social justice, asserting that Black and Brown lives matter. These movements seek to confront, dismantle, and reform systems of racism, colonialism, and structural inequality.

In particular, low-income communities of color have inequitably less …

Digital Urban Agriculture As Disparate Development: The Future Of Food In Three U.S. Cities Through The Lens Of Stakeholder Perceptions, Networks, And Resource Flows, Michael Carolan

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Urban agriculture takes many forms. Often, the term elicits images of raised beds, hoop houses, and, in those instances where topsoil is both present and non-contaminated, in-ground gardens—what I call traditional urban agriculture (“TUA”). But that imagery is changing, especially in some parts of the country where vacant space is scarce and land prices dear. In those instances, cities are seeing growth in digital urban agriculture (“DUA”). DUA, as defined here, refers to farming within urban and peri-urban areas that incorporates elements of automation, software, and/or silicon-based hardware into their operations. While this definition is not meant to draw a …