Digital Commons Network^™

Academic Loss-Related Anxiety Among College Students During Covid-19 Pandemic, Sagar Rai, Zareen Akhtar, Kaushal Kishor Singh, Madan Lal Brahma Bhatt, Sudhir Kumar Verma, Sujita Kumar Kar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The global outbreak of SARS-CoV2, initially affecting few individuals in Wuhan city of China, is now devastating millions of lives. Among all, students face substantial challenges, mainly in academic losses due to the imposed lockdown that may be detrimental to their mental well-being. Our study aimed to identify the anxiety levels among university students undergoing training in various disciplines.

METHODS:

It was a cross-sectional study. General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale within a semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess students' anxiety levels about their academic loss.

RESULTS:

A total of 507 students from India participated in the survey. Eventually, the prevalence …

Study Of “Three Delay Model” Of Maternal Morbidity And Mortality In Two Tertiary Care Hospitals Of Belagavi, Jyoti Singh, Chandra S. Metgud

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Every year millions of women around the world suffer from pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum complication. Approximately 810 women die every day worldwide from preventable causes related to pregnancy and delivery. The concept of severe acute maternal morbidity or near miss was aptly developed for the present health-care system. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined “near-miss” as a woman, who is close to death, survives a complication that occurred during pregnancy, delivery, or up to 42 days after the termination of her pregnancy. The important causes of maternal mortality and morbidity have been summarized as the three delays. These …

The Other Corona Warriors A Kap Study On Covid-19 Among Janitors And Housekeeping Staff From A Tertiary Care Hospital In Eastern India, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Ankita Mishra, Meghna Mukherjee, Mausumi Basu, Raghunath Misra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Janitors and housekeeping staff are an integral part of our health-care system and are also in the frontline to fight this pandemic. COVID-19 infection is a new disease which currently has no specific treatment and vaccine, but this disease is preventable if there is a high level of awareness. This is especially important for housekeepers as they are unable to get adequate protection unlike doctors and nurses. They also receive less importance and appreciation than other frontline workers.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of janitors and housekeeping staff of a tertiary care hospital on COVID-19 …

Lifestyle Behavior Of Patients With Noncommunicable Diseases During Covid-19 Pandemic An Observational Study, Renu Bala, Amit Srivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses an unprecedented challenge and adversely affects the lifestyle of people with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) due to enforced restrictions by the governments.

AIMS:

The study aimed to assess the physical activity and prophylactic behavior, along with change in sleep, alcohol intake, and tobacco consumption during the enforced lockdown.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study was conducted in August 2020 and recruited NCD patients visiting the institute's outpatient department. Questions were formed on prophylactic behavior, changes in sleep, and alcohol and tobacco consumption along with a validated scale of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form.

RESULTS:

The …

Personal Protective Equipment Usage And Its Disposal By The Residents Of Dhaka City During The Covid-19 Pandemic A Mixed-Method Enquiry, Shuvashis Saha, Md Shah Newaz, Shajib Hazari, Mohammad Kabir Uddin, Samiul Iqbal, Kh Salekuzzaman

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

COVID-19 has caused unprecedented hazard not only to the health and economy but also to the environment worldwide. In the absence of an effective vaccine to the mass people, practice of preventive measures against coronavirus can only save the health and economy of a poor nation like Bangladesh. On one hand, poor practice of protective behavior against the novel coronavirus has been reported among the general population and on the other hand, sudden rise of personal protective equipments (PPEs) use are causing massive damage to the environment of the cities like Dhaka.

AIMS:

This study aims to understand the …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Rural Population Of Belgaum District, Arvind L. Tenagi, Lisa Sunny, Vivek Wani, Mahesh I. Magdum, K. S. Smitha, B. K. Bhagyajyothi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Rural population is highly underprivileged in terms of access to tertiary eye care facilities.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and associated risk factors among known diabetics in the rural population of Belgaum district.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A cross-sectional population-based study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2018.

METHODOLOGY:

Three hundred and forty patients underwent a detailed ocular examination. Clinical grading was based on early treatment of DR study guidelines. Random blood sugar, blood pressure, height, weight, hemoglobin, serum creatinine, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: …

Effectiveness Of Meditation Programs In Empirically Reducing Stress And Amplifying Cognitive Function, Thus Boosting Individual Health Status A Narrative Overview, Rohan Arora, Reshu Gupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Meditation is increasingly being used to promote general health, to treat stress and stress-related conditions, and is also beginning to find its feet in cognitive therapeutics. This article intends to evaluate its impacts on stress and cognitive function, aiming to augment the understanding of the mechanisms and subsequent implications for individual health. A multistep approach was used for the purpose of selection of articles, which was based on shortlisting of titles, then abstracts and further full texts. Subject to selection criteria, keywords “Meditation,” “stress,” “cognition,” “reducing,” “health,” and “effectiveness” were used to search online databases and conduct hand searches. The …

Sudden Onset Of Olfactory And Gustatory Dysfunction - An Early Predictor To Isolate The Patient In Covid-19 Pandemic, Santosh Kumar Swain

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a new pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The prevalent symptoms in COVID-19 include fever, cough, sore throat, rhinorrhea, myalgia, headache, dyspnea, and diarrhea. At the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic, the clinical presentations such as olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions were considered as atypical. At present, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are not uncommon symptoms among COVID-19 infections in the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially, these two symptoms were underestimated and not recognized among scientific community. At present, many otolaryngologists over the world documented that COVID-19 patients presented with olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions even without …

Need For A Holistic Approach To Contain Hepatitis C World Health Organization, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Hepatitis C has been acknowledged as one of the global public health concerns owing to its universal distribution, high incidence, impaired quality of life, and associated life threatening complications, including death. The need to have an urgent public health response is further emphasized by the fact they tend to cast a major financial burden on the community. Considering the huge burden of the chronic infections, it is high time that the access to affordable testing and treatment is given due importance. However, as with any other program, the success of the program requires sustained financial support and simultaneous investments have …

Defining The Normal Range For Screening Panel Of Neutrophil Function Tests In Healthy Adult Indian Participants, Shivanand S. Pattan, Kishore G. Bhat, Vijay M. Kumbar, Manohar S. Kugaji, Geeta Pattar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Neutrophils, the most abundant white blood cells are known to play a major role in the fundamental physiological response to tackle with microbial infections via different mechanisms. A series of assays have been developed that mimic neutrophil functions both

in vivo

and

in vitro

to look at specific deficiencies of neutrophil function. There is need to develop method to have defined normal range for these tests to differentiate between health and disease. We aim to define normal range for panel of screening assays in healthy adult Indian participants.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 30 male and 30 female …

Digital Devices; A Boon Or Bane Ocular And Musculoskeletal Manifestations During Lockdown In Covid-19 Pandemic Among General Population Of North India, Sneha Kumari, Pankaj Ranjan, Mitasha Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

During the lockdown in COVID-19 days, excessive usage of digital devices leads to various consequences of ocular and musculoskeletal problems, mainly in the form of computer vision syndrome (CVS) and repetitive strain injury (RSI).

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of symptoms of CVS and RSI and their association between the duration of use of electronic devices among the general population of North India during the period of lockdown (March–May, 2020).

Methodology:

The present study was a cross-sectional, descriptive, population-based study conducted during the 2 months period of lockdown between April and May 2020. …

Performing Tracheostomy On Covid-19 Pediatric Patients At Intensive Care Unit Our Experiences, Santosh Kumar Swain, Ansuman Sahu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is posing unprecedented challenges among health-care workers for managing the pediatric tracheostomy. Tracheostomy and posttracheostomy care are considered as high-risk procedures for contamination of health-care workers and other patients of the intensive care unit (ICU) in COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective:

The objective of this retrospective study is to evaluate the details of pediatric tracheostomy including patients' profile, surgical steps, complications, and precautions by health-care workers at the ICU of the specially assigned hospital for COVID-19 patients.

Materials and Methods:

This is a descriptive retrospective study in which 18 COVID-19 pediatric patients underwent bedside surgical tracheostomy …

An Intervention-Based Study To Assess The Acceptability And Effectiveness Of A Breast Health Awareness Program Among Rural Women Of Southern Haryana, India, Avinash Surana, Rakesh Tank, D. R. Rajesh, Abhishek Singh, Vikas Gupta, Deepika Agrawal, Virender Kumar Chhoker

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Breast cancer is among the most prevalent cancers in India and improving breast cancer awareness among women has shown to overcome the barriers related to diagnosis and treatment. Although breast self-examination (BSE) being quite easy and fast procedure, it a matter of debate that in limited-resource settings, it could be implemented or not, and hence, the present study was conducted to assess the acceptability and effectiveness of a breast health awareness program among rural women.

Methods:

The present prospective interventional study was conducted for a duration of 12 months among 270 rural women in the age group of 30–59 …

Burnout Among Nurses At A Tertiary Care Hospital Of South India, Anchu V. Raju, Aneeta Emmanual, Dilty Shaji, Mohammed Rithu Faizal, Priya Reshma Aranha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Burnout is clearly identified as a problem in the area of human services that need to be addressed. Burnout negatively affects the health and personal lives if the employees experiencing it. Nurses are more prone for burn out in their day-to-day professional life.

Objectives:

The present study was conducted to determine the burnout among the staff nurses and to find association of burn out scores with selected demographic variables.

Materials and Methods:

A quantitative research approach with descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The study was conducted in selected tertiary care hospital. The variables under study were …

A Study Of Association Between Breastfeeding And Iron-Deficiency Anemia Status In Infants And Young Children Between 0 And 2 Years, Amit Magadum, G. T. Sowjanya, M. B. Koujalagi, C. R. Banapurmath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Iron deficiency is one of the biggest contributing factors to the global burden of anaemia. It is an indicator of both poor nutrition and poor health. Results of recent basic research support the concerns that IDA during infancy and childhood can have long lasting detrimental effects on neurodevelopment.

Objective:

To study contributing factors for IDA in infants and young children between 6-24 months.

Study Design:

A case control study.

Participants:

Children aged between 6-24 months, admitted or attended OPD in paediatric wards of 3 hospitals attached to JJM medical college.

Intervention:

No intervention was involved in this study.

Outcomes: …

Awareness About Donning And Doffing Of Personal Protective Equipment Among Doctors Working In A Fever Clinic Of West Bengal, Ankita Mishra, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Kuntala Ray, Raghunath Misra, Mausumi Basu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Fever clinics were established across the country for screening of patients suggestive of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The doctors posted in these clinics were provided with personal protective equipment (PPE) for their protection. Improper use of these equipment may result in infection.

Objectives:

The objective is to assess the awareness of doctors posted at fever clinic regarding donning and doffing of PPE.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out from May to June 2020 on doctors posted at the fever clinic of Sambhunath Pandit Hospital, Kolkata by census method using a predesigned, pretested structured questionnaire (Google form). …

Cross-Sectional Study Of Awareness Toward Covid-19 Among Medical Students Of Kumaun Region Of Uttarakhand, Thakkar Hemaben, Sujan Singh, Poonam Kumari, Mohd. Maroof, Maneesh Bhatt

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic has been declared as a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. Being highly contagious in nature, it has become a major concern for healthcare profession.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of the study is to assess the medical students' awareness regarding risk perception, disease transmission, and prevention of COVID-19 and to study their source of information and activities affected by lockdown.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted an online, descriptive cross-sectional study in April–May 2020, using WhatsApp Messenger. Medical students of 1

st

-year and 3

rd

-year (posted in community medicine department) …

Analysis Of Gut Bacterial Community Composition In Obese And Lean Indian Participants By Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Tej Bahadur, Rama Chaudhry, Vishwa Deepak Bamola, Alka Mohan Chutani, Anil Kumar Verma, Jaishree Paul

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Human gut microbiota consists of variety of microbes which play vital role in the host development, physiology and homeostasis. Alteration in gut microbial composition or dysbiosis may lead to various diseases and lifestyle disorders including obesity. Since gut microbiota varies with differences in dietary habits and geographical locations therefore studies are required to look into the gut microbial diversity in Indian obese and lean subjects whose dietary habits and geography are different from the western world. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the microbial diversity in obese and lean Indian subjects.

Materials and Methods:

Subjects with similar …

Understanding Mental Health Perspectives Of Covid-19 Through The Lens Of Ayurveda, Janmejaya Samal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency and has affected more than 200 countries in the world. It was declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the end of January 2020 and a pandemic in March 2020. In addition to the public health challenges, this pandemic has created another parallel pandemic of mental health problems. Furthermore, the existing mental health problems have also been seen to exacerbate owing to this pandemic. The mental health problems are both seen among the community members and the health-care providers those who are in the continuous forefront of service …

Burden, Epidemiological Pattern, And Surveillance Gap Of Rubella In Nigeria A Call For Routine Vaccination Policy, Kabir Adekunle Durowade, Omotosho Ibrahim Musa, Maryam Abimbola Jimoh, Adekunle Ganiyu Salaudeen, Oladimeji Akeem Bolarinwa, Omowunmi Qubrat Bakare, Lukman Omotayo Omokanye

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rubella is an epidemic-prone disease with endemic transmission in Nigeria. It is a vaccine-preventable disease caused by the rubella virus whose devastating teratogenic effect makes it a disease of major public health importance when it occurs in pregnancy leading to congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in infants. This article seeks to do a review of the burden, epidemiology, and examine the rubella surveillance gap in Nigeria. This is a review of literatures and the use of available World Health Organization secondary surveillance data to establish the burden, epidemiological pattern, and surveillance gap of rubella in Nigeria. Data were analyzed and presented …

Prostate-Specific Antigen An Overview And Its Current Status In The Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer, Siddalingeshwar Neeli, Manas Sharma, Abhijit Musale

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), which has high organ specificity and poor cancer specificity, has been widely utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer; though it is not an ideal tumor marker. Its extensive usage in screening programs has resulted in a large number of unwanted biopsies, over-diagnosis and over-treatment of indolent cancers as well. Hence, various PSA derivatives and PSA-based tests have evolved to improve the accuracy of prostate cancer diagnosis. This article provides an overview of PSA and PSA-based biomarkers and their current role in the screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Burden, Mortality, And Associated Factors Of Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ephrem Awulachew, Kuma Diriba, Asrat Anja, Feven Wudneh, Aschalew Gemede

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Pneumocystis pneumonia

has classically been described as a serious complication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients caused by

Pneumocystis Jirovecii

pneumonia formerly called

Pneumocystis Carinii

Pneumonia (PJP). During the early period of the Acquire Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, PJP was recognized as one of the AIDS-defining illnesses for as many as two-thirds of patients in the United States. Despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), PJP remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to review existing literature on the burden, a mortality rate …

Sustaining The Delivery Of Malaria Elimination Services Amidst An Ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak In The African Region, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global public health priority and it has compelled multiple nations to divert their resources for the containment of the disease at the earliest. With regard to malaria, the African region is the most affected one, accounting for 93% of the reported cases worldwide. However, since the emergence of the COVID-19 outbreak, there is a sense of fear about the disease among the health sector personnel. It won't be wrong to say that COVID-19 outbreak has exposed weaknesses in our preparedness activities, but then we have to identify a balance between the …

Extending An Equitable Covid-19 Response To The Disabled Individuals, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected everyone, but the impact is relatively higher among people who are vulnerable, such as disabled, refugee, migrants, elderly, and suffering from preexisting illness. The disabled people are more at the risk of acquisition of infection owing to the limited access to the public health messaging and the fact that if they are subjected to physical distancing, they will find it extremely difficult to survive as they depend on their caregivers for their routine activities. In these difficult times, it is of utmost importance that disabled persons should minimize the probability of exposure …

Anaemia Among Adolescents A Community-Based Study Using Cluster Sampling In Villages Under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre, Bangalore Urban District, Avita Rose Johnson, Cency Baburajan, T. Sulekha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

India has the largest adolescent population in the world, the majority of whom reside in rural areas. Anemia is one of the top five causes of morbidity among adolescents.

Objective:

To assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among adolescents aged 10–19 years residing in a rural area.

Methods:

Community-based, cross-sectional study in 25 villages and one town under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre (PHC), Bangalore Urban District. Two-staged cluster sampling was done. The interview schedule for sociodemographic details, diet, and physical activity was administered. Nutritional status was estimated by body mass index-for-age. Hemoglobin (Hb) was estimated using …

How Physically Active Are Women In The Third Trimester Of Pregnancy? A Cross-Sectional Study Of Physical Activity In Pregnancy And Its Outcomes Among Women Delivering At A Rural Maternity Hospital In South India, Madonne Ruina Dishani, Avita Rose Johnson, Merlyn Joseph, Manisha James, Preeti Lakra, Naveen Ramesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Physical activity influences perinatal outcomes. Moderate-intensity aerobic activity of 150 min/week during pregnancy is recommended.

Objective:

This study aimed at assessing the physical activity levels during pregnancy and determining the factors associated with physical activity among rural women.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a rural maternity hospital, in a village in Ramanagara district located in the south of Karnataka among pregnant women >29 weeks of gestation and newly delivered mothers availing obstetric services at the hospital. A structured questionnaire with sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy details, and neonate details was used. International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form was …

Barefoot Nurse Project A Micro-Entrepreneurship Health Model For Universal Access To The Screening Of Diseases, Ensuring Self-Sustainability In India, Tn Sathyanarayana, Biswamitra Sahu, Achala Gopalkrishna Pai, P. V. Vivekananda, Avishek Hazra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

There is still a substantial service gap in India, especially in preventive screening and referral of noncommunicable diseases. There is a growing evidence supporting the role of community health workers (CHWs) in screening diseases and their effectiveness in averting noncommunicable diseases.

Aim:

The aim of this article is to describe a model of CHW-barefoot nurse (BFN) (concept, design, recruitment, training, services, products, and evaluation) and share some initial findings.

Setting and Design:

This study was implemented in seven locations (Doddaballapura, Nelamangala, Magadi, Bidar, Aland, Hadagali, and Aurad) of Karnataka.

Materials and Methods:

The model of BFN, design, intervention development, …

Use Of Mask At Public Places Among Health Care Professionals Following Covid-19 Postquarantine Period In Southern Haryana, India, Abhishek Singh, Ram Kumar Panika, Vikas Gupta, Pawan Kumar Goel

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

The instances of social stigma and violence against health care worker was already prevalent but during COVID-19, such instances have reached its peak. So, this global health crisis of COVID-19 pandemic offers a unique opportunity to investigate the level of perceptions and practices regarding use of mask or personnel protective equipment (PPE) in public places amongst health care professionals following COVID-19 postquarantine period.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 100 health care personnel working in COVID-19 outpatient and wards as participants who have completed their quarantine period after being sent on quarantine at home/hostels or state-run facilities during the …

Chest Computed Tomography In Relation To Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction In Diagnosis Of Coronavirus Disease 2019, Rajendra B. Nerli, Shridhar C. Ghagane

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Why It Is Imperative To Understand The Psychosocial Determinants Of Health While Treating Childhood Asthma?, M Shuriya Prabha, V Dinesh Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.