Digital Commons Network^™

Spase: Spatially Resolved Pathology Scores Using Optimal Transport On Spatial Transcriptomics Data, Mohammad Nuwaisir Rahman, Mohammed Abid Abrar, Vikram Rakesh Shaw, James F Martin, M Saifur Rahman, Md Abul Hassan Samee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Pathological events often impact tissue regions in a spatial variable manner, making it challenging to identify therapeutic targets. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) is a powerful technology to map spatially variable molecular mechanisms, yet suitable analytical methods have been lacking. We introduce SPaSE (Spatially-resolved Pathology ScorE), an optimal transport-based algorithm to compare ST data from diseased and control tissues. SPaSE computes a “pathology score” for each spot in the diseased sample, quantifying the pathological impact at that spot. In post-MI (myocardial infarction) mouse hearts, these scores delineated zones that matched independent expert annotations. Modeling pathology scores from gene expression revealed signatures predictive …

Elimination Of Hiv Reservoirs Harboring Intact Proviruses, Min Li, Khanghy Truong, Suman Sharma, Baichao Sun, Min Chen, Jason T Kimata, Jin Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) establishes persistent infection by integrating its proviral DNA into the host genome. While most integrated proviruses are defective, a small portion of proviruses are intact that represent a major obstacle to achieving an HIV cure. We have designed an approach for selective elimination of host cells harboring replication-competent HIV (SECH), through inhibition of autophagy and anti-apoptotic molecules during viral reactivation. However, the effects of SECH on the dynamics of intact and defective HIV provirus remain unclear.

Methods: We isolated DNA from HIV-infected samples after SECH treatments. We analyzed HIV-1 proviruses in these samples by intact …

20250716: Morrow Library Artifacts, 1930-1970 & 2025, University Libraries

Guides to University Archives

These items include materials from the office of the Technical Services Department within Marshall University Libraries from a librarian who retired from University Libraries in 2025. Items were received in 2025 and include Morrow Library floor plans (from 1970), an undated renovation concept design, a piece of the old 1930 Morrow Library Staircase Brass Ball that was removed in 1999, a piece of the wooden staircase from the 1930s design taken down in 1999, and a written note for context. Please download the finding aid for a full list of contents.

Veterinary Drug Residue Regulations In Major U.S. Export Markets, Elliott James Dennis, Akinbode Okunola

Cornhusker Economics

Trade agreements shape the global agricultural trade landscape, encompassing both tariff and non-tariff measures. Among the latter, sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures such as maximum residue limits (MRLs) are gaining attention. As trade tensions escalate, there is growing concern that countries could use SPS measures as a tool of retaliation in international agricultural markets, as they are often a focal point in trade negotiations (Disdier and Marette, 2010; Disdier and van Tongeren 2010; Grant et al., 2015).

Anesthetic Management For Delivery In Parturients With Heart Disease: A Narrative Review, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Drake P. Duplechin, Paris D. Bailey, Dillon T. Duplechan, Alexia J. Enache, Peyton Moore, Sahar Shekoohi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Cardiac disease remains a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developed countries where improved survival has increased the number of pregnant patients with congenital heart disease. The physiological changes of pregnancy, such as increased blood volume, cardiac output, and hypercoagulability, can exacerbate preexisting cardiac conditions, posing significant anesthetic challenges during cesarean delivery. This review outlines anesthetic strategies for parturients with structural or functional cardiac disease, emphasizing individualized, multidisciplinary care. We examine general and regional anesthesia approaches, intraoperative monitoring, and hemodynamic goals, including fluid balance, venous return optimization, and myocardial oxygen demand reduction. Preoperative risk stratification and coordination …

Vibration-Based Detection For The Monitoring Of Neonatal Bcpap Respiratory Support To Minimize Duration Of Disconnections, Kaitlyn G. Calabresi, Meera R. Bhat, Lavinia L. Kong, Eli J. Foster, Jonathan Wang, Sangeeta Koilada, Angela Mak, Aastha Kapadia, Niam Mohseni, W. Keith Leung, Suneetha Desiraju, Constanza Miranda

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) is a minimally invasive respiratory support for neonates experiencing respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). It exerts continuous, oscillatory air pressure to encourage lung function and development. Neonates’ movement may cause disconnections at the nasal interface. These disconnections are characterized by the cessation of bubbling at the bCPAP respiratory circuit output and frequently go unnoticed until hypoxia develops. Common Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) bCPAP systems lack a built-in alarm or accessory device to monitor for disconnections. As a result, nursing personnel must exercise extreme caution utilizing current bCPAP procedure. If a neonate is disconnected, it …

Machine Leaming-Empowered Mode Selection For Qos Improvement In D2d-Assisted Communication Networks, Noordin Kamarul Ariffin, Dimyati Kaharudin, Hanafi Effariza, Noman Hafiz Muhammad Fahad, Mohd Ridzuan Nuha Adiba

Research Publications (2021 to 2025)

Device-to-device (D2D) communication has the potential to enhance network efficiency in upcoming sixthgeneration (6G) wireless networks by enabling direct communication between users. However, in ultra-dense network environments, severe interference can degrade D2D performance, potentially leading to suboptimal Quality of Service (QoS) for some users. To address this challenge, we propose a machine learning-based approach for dynamic mode selection between D2D and cellular communication, aiming to improve network efficiency and ensure optimal user satisfaction. The proposed framework leverages clustering algorithms, including k-means and k-medoids, to segregate users based on channel gain, Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), and path loss. Furthermore, we employ binary …

Melanie Corral, Melanie Corral '25, Nathalie Romero '25, Posse Legacy Project, Illinois Wesleyan University

All oral histories

Interview of Melanie Corral on July 16, 2025. Melanie Corral is a Posse 5 Scholar who majored in English and Secondary Education.

Public Sector Employment In Mountain West Cities, 2019, Olivia K. Cheche, William E. Brown Jr.

Economic Development & Workforce

This fact sheet presents data on public sector employment in 16 cities within the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, and New Mexico. The Urban Institute’s “Public Sector Employment and Its Role in Local Economic Development” report provides data on publicly driven jobs in the 100 largest U.S. cities as of 2019. This fact sheet focuses on city-level data from the largest cities in the Mountain West.

Advancing Eye-Gaze Writing Systems With Computer Vision, And Dynamic Text Suggestions, Walid Abdallah Shobaki

Theses and Dissertations

Eye gaze writing, a novel interaction modality, has the potential to revolutionize communication for individuals with limited mobility. In our research, we investigated the deep learning algorithms efficiency for real-time eye gaze writing. We have compared many algorithms' performance in many computer vision areas, such as object detection in which we used first YOLOv8, the second algorithm SSD, and the third algorithm is Faster R-CNN, the second computer vision area is the image segmentation in which we used DeepLab and U-Net, and the last computer vision area is self-supervised learning we have used SimCLR algorithm. By evaluating these models on …

Byu Law Review Subscription Information

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

2025 Byu Law Review Masthead

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Religious Freedom As Freedom, Helen M. Alvaré

BYU Law Review

In recent decades, the exercise of religious freedom is increasingly associated with oppression. This is not only due to the disagreement between religions and some governments concerning sexual expression matters—contraception, abortion, same-sex relations, and transgender identity—but is also due to diverging convictions about the substance and sources of freedom. This Article will examine a current and highly visible set of convictions about the contents of human freedom, which together suggest that a thriving religious witness threatens freedom itself. These convictions often surface in the context of laws touching upon sexual expression. It will then contrast these convictions with those found …

Full Issue

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Agreeing To Disagree: Abortion Jurisprudence In Jewish And Islamic Law, Rabea Benhalim

BYU Law Review

This Article challenges the prevailing perception that religious people and religious legal traditions are anti-abortion. While this may be true within certain conservative Christian perspectives, this perception is an inaccurate representation of Jewish and Muslim Americans and their respective legal traditions. Both the Jewish and Islamic legal traditions offer a range of nuanced positions on abortion. Furthermore, diverse opinions of Jewish and Islamic abortion jurisprudence inform a variety of topics salient to the current legal debate in the United States. This range of opinions includes strict limitations on abortion, circumstantial legality, and general permissibility. Scholars from both traditions engaged in …

Wither, Religious Liberty, Amanda Harmon Cooley

BYU Law Review

During the oft-deemed Constitutional Revolution of 1937, the U.S. Supreme Court effected a significant sea-change in its substantive due process liberty analysis. In West Coast Hotel v. Parrish, the Court held that the Due Process Clause’s liberty provision does not protect absolute freedom of contract, signaling the demise of the Lochner era. Almost a century later, the current Supreme Court’s supermajority bloc is now infamous for its own seismic shift in liberty analysis. This Court’s incontrovertible Constitutional Revolution of 2022 was not limited to only substantive due process, which the Court shifted with its decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s …

Two Concepts Of Judicial Deference To Religious Claims, Chagai Schlesinger

BYU Law Review

Religious exemptions from general laws are everywhere. The U.S. Supreme Court is expanding its exemption doctrine, systemically preferring religious needs over conflicting considerations. This ignites an ongoing debate between those celebrating religious liberties and those fearing their societal costs. Assessing this judicial trend, as this Article highlights, requires noticing how it is facilitated by a broad deferential approach to religious claims, refraining from evaluating their content.

This Article argues that this broad expression of judicial deference is analytically flawed and normatively implausible. The problem lies in the failure to distinguish between two types of religious claims when deferring to them: …

The Social Psychology Of Religious Liberty Depolarization, Asma T. Uddin

BYU Law Review

This Article examines the U.S. Supreme Court's approach to cases involving religious liberty and LGBTQ+ rights through the lens of social psychology. As Americans increasingly sort into opposing “mega- identities” defined by political, racial, and religious traits, religious liberty has become a deeply polarized issue, with traditional Christians and LGBTQ+ advocates often positioned as adversaries in a zero-sum conflict. Against this backdrop, the Article argues that the Roberts Court has employed social psychological techniques—specifically “aporia” (acknowledging complexity) and “affirmation” (validating diverse viewpoints)—to de-escalate this cultural tension. By analyzing key decisions in Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission, Fulton v. …

Low Heat Flow In The Anhydros Basin, Aegean Sea, Recorded By Deep Subsurface Temperatures, Michael Manga, Masako Tominaga, Jonas Preine, Thomas A. Ronge, Sarah Beethe, Christian Hübscher, Iona Mcintosh, Paraskevi Nomikou, Steffen Kutterolf, Tim Druitt, Alexis Bernard, Carole Berthod, Hehe Chen, Acacia Clark, Susan Debari, Tatiana I. Fernandez-Perez, Ralf Gertisser, Raymond M. Johnston, Christopher K. Jones, K. Batuk Joshi, Günther Kletetschka, Olga Koukousioura, Molly Mccanta, Antony Morris, Katharina Pank, Ally Peccia, Paraskevi N. Polymenakou, Adam Woodhouse, Yuzuru Yamamoto

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Subseafloor in situ temperatures in a drilled hole in the Anhydros Basin, Aegean Sea, measured during International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 398, yielded a low heat flow (<0.023 W/m²) despite active magmatism and rifting in the region. The coldest and highest temperatures were 13.9°C at 52.5 m below seafloor (mbsf) and 15.5°C for the deepest measurement at 360.4 mbsf, respectively. Comparison of a heat transfer model with measurements suggests that sea bottom temperatures during the last glacial period were up to 10°C cooler than Holocene temperatures. The magnitude of Holocene warming co-varies with the geothermal heat flow: if …

Digital Twins For Circular Economy Optimization: A Framework For Sustainable Engineering Systems, Shubham Gupta

Harrisburg University Other Works

This paper introduces sustainable engineering systems built using digital twin technology and circular economy principles. This research presents a framework for monitoring, modeling, and making decisions in real timusing virtual replicas of physical products, processes, and systems in product lifecycles. A digital twin was used to show that through a digital twin, waste was reduced by 27%, energy consumption was reduced by 32%, and the resource recovery rate increased to 45%. The proposed approach under the framework employs various machine learning algorithms, IoT sensor networks, and advanced data analytics to support closed-loop flows of materials. The results show how digital …

Research And Education In Robotics: A Comprehensive Review, Trends, Challenges, And Future Directions, Mutaz Ryalat, Natheer Almtireen, Ghaith Al-Refai, Hisham Elmoaqet, Nathir Rawashdeh

Michigan Tech Publications

Robotics has emerged as a transformative discipline at the intersection of the engineering, computer science, and cognitive sciences. This state-of-the-art review explores the current trends, methodologies, and challenges in both robotics research and education. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the evolution of robotics, tracing its development from early automation to intelligent, autonomous systems. Key enabling technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), soft robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and swarm intelligence, are examined along with real-world applications in healthcare, manufacturing, agriculture, and sustainable smart cities. A central focus is placed on robotics education, where hands-on, interdisciplinary learning is …

Assessment Of Decorin Level And Some Biochemical Parameters In Iraqi Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy, Zahraa M. Ismail, Falah S. Al-Fartusie, Ahmed H. Ismail, Noor T. Tahir

Baghdad Science Journal

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious kidney complication that can occur in individuals with diabetes; around 20% to 30% of individuals with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) develop diabetic nephropathy (DN), which is a persistent microvascular complication. The DN is often considered the leading contributor to end-stage renal failure. This study aimed to assess decorin levels and their correlation with various biochemical variables among three different groups: 40 patients with T2DM nephropathy (G1), 40 patients with T2DM without nephropathy (G2), and a healthy control group (G3). The study included a total of 120 participants, divided into three groups T2DM with DN …

Studying The Level Of Carboxy-Terminal Cross Link Telo Peptide Type-1 Collagen And Human Cartilage Glycoprotein In Sera Of Iraqi Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis, Asmaa Rafea Mohamed, Bushra F. Hasan

Baghdad Science Journal

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA), commonly known as degenerative joint disease, is frequently brought on by wear-and-tear articular cartilage loss that occurs over time and most often affects the elderly. Since cartilage is the main element that breaks down when OA occurs, its chemical components can be exploited to develop a sensitive biomarker to identify the beginning and progression of OA disease. The study aimed to evaluate and assess the alteration in the serum level of collagen type I C-telopeptide (CTX-1), and human cartilage glycoprotein (YKL-40) in serum samples obtained from (81) patients diagnosed with Knee Osteoarthritis who were hospitalized in Baghdad …

Fabrication Of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Using Cuo Nanoparticles As A Photo Anode, Ahmed Mahdi Rheima, Athra G. Sager, Mahdi A. Mohammed, Ali Jafer Mahdi

Baghdad Science Journal

Nanoparticles of copper oxide (CuO) are synthesized using a photolysis process. x -ray diffraction (XRD]) is utilized to investigate CuO nanoparticle's crystal structure, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is employed to analyze the morphology and the average nanoparticle diameters. Results indicated that the CuO nanoparticles have a monoclinic shape with a mean size of 14 nm. The UV -- Visible measurement is shown that the bandgap of CuO nanoparticles is 1.61 eV. The CuO nanoparticles were applied in a photoanode section to fabricate photo organic sensitizer solar cells. The 4,4'-((3,3'-dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(azaneylylidene))bis (methaneylylidene)) bis (2-methoxy-phenol) was synthesized via the Microwave irradiation method …

Adsorption Of Pb(Ii), Cu(Ii), And Ni(Ii) By A New Magnetic Schiff Base Resin: Synthesis, Characterization, And Thermal Study, Iman Saad Ali

Baghdad Science Journal

This study dealt with the preparation and analytical study of a type of chelating resin. This type of resin was distinguished by containing a ligand of the type of aromatic Schiff bases (5A-T) by reacting the aromatic amine (5-aminoisopthalic acid) with terephthaldehyde. The prepared Schiff base was identified using infrared FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and precise element analysis technology. The prepared Schiff bases were converted into azomethine-amide resin P5A-T by reacting the ligand (5A-T) with the diamines (4, 4-oxydianiline). The prepared resin was characterized using infrared spectroscopy. The study also included the preparation of magnetic zinc iron oxide (ZnFe2O4) by covalent …

Strength And Anti-Wettability Enhancement Of Double Layer Pvdf/Pmma Nanofibers Membrane By Embedding Sio2 Nanoparticles, Nawras N. Safi, Basma I. Waisi

Baghdad Science Journal

For the desalination of brine and seawater, membrane distillation (MD) is a desirable treatment method. Because of their high permeability and rejection, electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) are becoming more popular in (MD) applications. Due to their unique features, superhydrophobic nanofibers have garnered much attention from scientists working to perfect high-efficiency MD membranes. In this work, a completely novel double-layer design approach for superhydrophobic membranes was proposed for water desalination using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD). A double-layer of nonwoven nanofiber membranes was created using hydrophobic polymers via an electrospinning technique. Electrospinning created a double-layer membrane of nonwoven nanofibers utilizing hydrophobic …

Spectrophotometric Determination Of Bromhexine-Hcl By Using Prepared Silver Nanoparticles, Zainab Noori, Muna M. Khudhair

Baghdad Science Journal

In this study, a new, simple, and rapid method was developed for determining Bromhexine-HCl using silver nanoparticles. The solution of silver nanoparticles has a yellow color which has absorbency at a wavelength of 404 nm. Bromhexine was estimated through its reaction with silver nanoparticles in acidic environment at pH 5. This reaction causes the silver nanoparticles to aggregate and change the color of their colloidal solution from yellow to brown, leading to a decrease in their absorbance. The range of linearity was found to be 20-250μg mL-1, a limit of detection is equal to 18.931μg/mL and limit of quantitation is …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Caxni1-Xcr2O4 Compound And Studying The Effect Of The Dopant On Its Structural And Optical Properties, Weaam Abdulkader Akkad, Ibrahim Ismail, Adnan Kodala

Baghdad Science Journal

Ca_0.07Ni_0.93Cr₂O₄ was synthesized using solid-state method at 1000°C for 6h. Structural properties were studied by using X-ray diffraction and compared with Nickel Chromite compound (NiCr₂O₄) which was prepared at the same temperature. XRD patterns showed that Nickel Chromite compound crystallized according to the cubic pattern of the spinel structure. The value of its crystal lattice constant is a = 8.2449Å . After doping the Nickel Chromite with Calcium, the compound remained maintaining its crystalline structure without any change in the crystal structure, the value of the crystal lattice constant …

Synthesis Of Salicylaldehyde Derivatives And Evaluating Its Antimicrobial, Antifungal, And Anticorrosion Activities, Ibrahim Mamedov, Ali Khalilov

Baghdad Science Journal

Chalcones are natural, unsaturated aromatic ketones used in organic synthesis and medicine. Nevertheless, obtaining synthetic analogs and studying their reactions remains relevant. Unsaturated aromatic ketones are important substrates for synthesizing various heterocyclic compounds. The new chalcone, dihydropyrazole derivatives were synthesized based on 2-hydroxy-5-phenyldiazenyl benzaldehyde, and their structures were studied by NMR. Many metal structures fail each year due to harsh conditions, causing significant damage to the global economy. To overcome this problem, chemists are constantly researching and developing new corrosion inhibitors. The compounds under test contain nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur atoms, which can be coordinated with metals. These types of …

Childhood Skeletal Lesions Common In Prehistory Are Present In Living Forager-Farmers And Predict Adult Markers Of Immune Function, Amy S. Anderson, Aaron Blackwell, M. Linda Sutherland, Thomas Kraft, James Sutherland, Bret Beheim, Daniel K. Cummings, Suhail Ghafoor, Paul L. Hooper, Daniel Eid Rodriguez, Andrei Irimia, Margaret Gatz, Wendy Mack, Chris Rowan, Michael Miyamoto, Kenneth Buetow, Caleb Finch, L. Samuel Wann, Adel Allam, Randall C. Thompson, Gregory Thomas, Hillard Kaplan, Jonathan Stieglitz, Benjamin Trumble, Michael D. Gurven

ESI Publications

Porous cranial lesions (cribra cranii and cribra orbitalia) are widely used by archaeologists as skeletal markers of poor child health. However, their use has not been validated with systematic data from contemporary populations, where there has been little evidence of these lesions or their health relevance. Using 375 in vivo computed tomography scans from a cohort-representative sample of adults aged 40+ years from the Bolivian Amazon, among food-limited, high-mortality forager-farmers, we identified cribra cranii on 46 (12.3%) and cribra orbitalia on 23 (6%). Cribra orbitalia was associated with several hallmarks of compromised immune function, including fewer B cells, fewer naïve …